CN116290916A - Temporary support devices and low-carbon construction methods for heavy fabricated components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a temporary supporting device and a low-carbon construction method suitable for a heavy assembly type component, wherein the temporary supporting device comprises a bottom conversion beam, a temporary supporting frame body, a top conversion platform, a jacking and fixing device, a deviation adjusting device, a component holding device, an operating platform and a cat ladder, and the bottom conversion beam is used as a bottom support of the temporary supporting frame body and is effectively anchored with a structural main beam; a temporary support frame body is erected on the bottom conversion beam, nodes in a bidirectional connection mode are adopted among the temporary support frame bodies, and a top conversion platform is used for distributing upper concentrated load and guaranteeing uniform stress; the top of the conversion platform adopts a jacking and fixing device to finish the uniform lifting of the frame body; the deflection adjusting device is used for completing deflection adjustment and posture adjustment of the supported member; and the component holding and wrapping device is used for assisting in fixing the component in place. The invention can effectively realize the accurate installation and positioning of the heavy assembly type component, ensures the low-carbon construction and the high-precision installation, and has safe and reliable structure and strong practicability.

Description

Temporary support device and low-carbon construction method suitable for heavy prefabricated components

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of assembly component installation, and in particular to a temporary support device suitable for heavy assembly components and a low-carbon construction method.

Background Art

In large exhibition halls, stadiums and other projects, large spans or long cantilevers with partial indentations are often used. Due to their special functions, heavy components with inclined or arc shapes are often used, which results in the upper structure having different degrees of freedom and stress states from the designed state before installation, which easily leads to transient systems, geometrically variable systems, or large local stresses. Moreover, since large spans and heavy components deform greatly before and after installation, the deformation of temporary supports themselves cannot be ignored, and the assembly accuracy requirements are more stringent.

At present, the installation of such heavy prefabricated components (prefabricated steel structure components, prefabricated prestressed concrete components, prefabricated steel concrete components) is usually carried out in two forms: one is to install them in place at high altitude with the help of lifting equipment, and then drop the hook after the connection is formed; the other is to set up a temporary support frame from the ground to assist in the installation of components. The first installation process affects the on-site operation of workers due to the wind load and its own vibration of the lifting equipment, and the occupation of the lifting equipment reduces the utilization rate of the machinery; the second installation process, because it takes root from the ground, often needs to be attached and paralleled to ensure its own stability, which has problems such as long production cycle, low assembly precision, low reuse rate, and low construction efficiency.

How to reduce the use of temporary supports, how to improve the turnover rate of temporary supports, how to improve the utilization rate of construction machinery, and how to reduce the use of disposable materials have become another major challenge in the research and development of temporary support systems.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a temporary support device suitable for heavy assembled components and a low-carbon construction method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components includes a bottom transfer beam fixed on the main beam of the structure, a temporary support frame erected on the bottom transfer beam, a top transfer platform installed on the temporary support frame, a jacking and fixing device erected on the top transfer platform, an adjustment device installed on the jacking and fixing device, a component gripping device erected on the adjustment device, an operating platform arranged on the periphery of the top transfer platform, and a ladder installed on one side of the operating platform.

The bottom transfer beam is installed on the main beam of the structure through several connecting components. Each connecting component includes two U-shaped anchor rings wrapped on the main beam of the structure and an anchor plate placed on the upper surface of the bottom transfer beam. The tops of the U-shaped anchor rings are anchored on the anchor plates. The two U-shaped anchor rings are respectively located on both sides of the bottom transfer beam.

The temporary support frame is composed of multiple temporary supports connected in sequence from top to bottom. The temporary supports include standard sections and non-standard sections. Each temporary support includes four vertical connecting columns. Horizontal connecting rods are provided between the upper and lower ends of two adjacent vertical connecting columns, and X-shaped reinforcing support rods are provided between two adjacent vertical connecting columns. A butt-jointed head plate is provided at the top and bottom of each vertical connecting column. The upper and lower ends of the side walls of each vertical connecting column are evenly distributed with a number of side connecting ear plates and stiffening rib plates are provided corresponding to the side connecting ear plates. The butt-jointed head plates between two adjacent temporary supports are fixedly connected by bolts and double nuts and the corresponding side connecting ear plates are fixedly connected. The butt-jointed head plate at the bottom of the lowest temporary support is detachably connected to the bottom conversion beam by bolts and double nuts, and the butt-jointed head plate at the top of the highest temporary support is detachably connected to the top conversion platform by bolts and double nuts.

The top conversion platform is a field-shaped platform structure welded by an outer platform main beam and an inner platform secondary beam. A falling object prevention safety net is installed in the hollow area at the bottom of the platform main beam and the platform secondary beam.

The jacking and fixing device includes a middle jack bottom supporting column and beam fixing columns on both sides. The top of the secondary beam is provided with a limit installation assembly corresponding to the jack bottom supporting column and the beam fixing column. The limit installation assembly includes four circumferentially evenly distributed limit angle steels welded on the top of the secondary beam. The jack bottom supporting column and the beam fixing column are inserted between the corresponding four limit angle steels. Several limit steel plates are welded on the circumference of the top of the jack bottom supporting column and the jacks are inserted and installed between the limit steel plates. A pad or a raised bench is provided on the top of the beam fixing column.

The deviation adjusting device comprises a deviation adjusting lower seat plate and a deviation adjusting upper seat plate. The deviation adjusting lower seat plate is arranged on the top of a jack, a pad or a raised bench. A limiting ring is arranged at the bottom of the deviation adjusting lower seat plate corresponding to the top column of the jack. A mounting seat is arranged in the middle position of the top of the deviation adjusting lower seat plate. A hemispherical groove is arranged on the top of the mounting seat. A steel rod is fixed in the middle position of the bottom of the deviation adjusting upper seat plate. The bottom of the steel rod is a hemispherical structure. The hemispherical structure at the bottom of the steel rod is installed in the hemispherical groove at the top of the mounting seat. A plurality of reinforcing inclined plates are evenly distributed on the circumference between the side wall of the steel rod and the bottom of the deviation adjusting upper seat plate. Four deviation adjustment components are provided at the four corners between the top of the plate and the bottom of the deviation adjustment upper seat plate. The deviation adjustment components include a screw sleeve welded to the top of the deviation adjustment lower seat plate, and a ball cap welded to the bottom of the deviation adjustment upper seat plate. A ball head screw is installed on the inner thread of the screw sleeve. The top of the ball head screw is a hemispherical structure and the hemispherical structure is installed inside the ball cap. A square steel plate is fixed to the upper end of the ball head screw. A number of deviation adjustment operating rods are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer wall of the square steel plate. A number of stiffening angle plates are circumferentially provided between the outer wall of the screw sleeve and the deviation adjustment lower seat plate, and between the outer wall of the ball cap and the deviation adjustment upper seat plate.

The component gripping device includes a lower fixed plate and an upper fixed plate. Connecting seats are provided on both sides of the bottom of the lower fixed plate and are fixed to the top of the upper seat plate for adjusting the deviation through connecting seats and connecting bolts. The upper fixed plate includes two parts. A first connecting ear plate is provided at the butt end of the lower fixed plate and the upper fixed plate, and the corresponding first connecting ear plates are connected by bolts. A second connecting ear plate is correspondingly provided between the two parts of the upper fixed plate, and the corresponding second connecting ear plates are connected by bolts. Anti-slip rubber pads are provided on the inner walls of the lower fixed plate and the upper fixed plate.

The operating platform comprises a platform body arranged on the periphery of the top conversion platform, the upper surface of the platform body is provided with guardrails around, and the upper surface of the platform body is provided with an operating panel.

A low-carbon construction method for temporary support devices for heavy prefabricated components, the specific steps are:

S1. Support point selection:

S11. Determine the unit weight M of the supported prefabricated component according to its cross section, and determine its deadweight G=M×L according to the axis span L of the supported component;

S12. Select 2 times the deadweight G to determine the axial compressive bearing capacity of the temporary support frame σ=2G/4A=0.5G/A. According to the empirical formula n=σ/0.7f, determine the number of temporary brackets of the temporary support frame; where A is the cross-sectional area of a single vertical connecting column of the temporary support frame, and f is the design value of the steel strength of the temporary support frame;

，其中，被支撑构件惯性矩

；S13. Assume that there are n supporting points, the middle span is l=L/n+1, and the cantilever end length is 0.5l. When n=2, it is a cantilever simply supported beam. Select 1.2 times the deadweight and calculate the deflection of the supported member.

, where the moment of inertia of the supported member is

;

S14. Optimize the position of the support points according to the calculation results and on-site construction conditions;

S2. Determine the erection height of the temporary support frame and the setting height of the jacking and fixing devices:

S21. According to the CAD drawings, calculate the design height of the temporary support frame H ₂ = the bottom elevation of the upper beam of the supported prefabricated component H _upper - the top elevation of the lower beam of the supported prefabricated component H _lower ;

；S22. Select 1.2 times the deadweight of the supported member G ₀ =M×l, where l is the distance between the support points, l=L/n+1, and determine the compression deformation of the temporary support frame.

;

、底部转换梁的高度为

、顶部转换平台的高度为

、调偏装置初始状态高度为

、构件握裹装置的下固定板厚度为B、顶升与固定装置的高度为

、临时支撑架体设置高度

；S23, the setting height from the upper surface of the lower fixed plate to the bottom of the entire support device is

, the height of the bottom transfer beam is

, the height of the top conversion platform is

, the initial height of the deviation adjustment device is

, the thickness of the lower fixing plate of the component gripping device is B, and the height of the jacking and fixing device is

, Temporary support frame setting height

;

，确定临时支撑架体的高度、顶升与固定装置的高度；根据临时支撑架体的高度，进而确定标准节的数量、非标准节的数量及规格；S24, according to

, determine the height of the temporary support frame, the height of the jacking and fixing devices; according to the height of the temporary support frame, determine the number of standard sections, the number and specifications of non-standard sections;

S3. Stress analysis and in-depth design of the main beam under the bottom transfer beam:

S31. The bottom transfer beam and the main structural beam are simplified into a single-span beam with fixed beam ends. The main structural beam under each bottom transfer beam is simplified by using concentrated force P = 1.5G _{upper part} /4≈0.4G _{upper part} ;

，

，

，其中，

为结构主梁的惯性矩，σ对应的y取为结构主梁最边缘到中和轴的最大距离，σ₁对应的y取为结构主梁翼缘与腹板交接处到中和轴的最大距离，t_wB为结构主梁腹板宽度，f、fv分别为钢材受拉/压强度设计值、受剪强度设计值；S32. Check the stress of the main beam under the bottom transfer beam

,

,

,in,

is the moment of inertia of the main beam, y corresponding to σ is taken as the maximum distance from the edge of the main beam to the neutral axis, y corresponding to σ ₁ is taken as the maximum distance from the junction of the flange and web of the main beam to the neutral axis, t _wB is the web width of the main beam, f and fv are the design values of the tensile/compressive strength and shear strength of the steel, respectively;

S33. At the junction of the main beam and the bottom transfer beam, structural measures to prevent lateral deviation are taken during the detailed design stage: for steel beams, transverse stiffening ribs are added; for reinforced concrete beams, haunches are added at the beam slab to strengthen the beam;

S4. Measurement and positioning:

S41, determine the location of the temporary support point;

S42, determining the position of the outer edge of the temporary support frame and the center line of the vertical connection column;

S43, determine the placement position of the bottom transfer beam, and mark the upper part of the main beam of the structure under the bottom transfer beam with an ink line;

S44. Determine the position of the supporting point of the supported member and mark 300 mm and 500 mm lines on both sides of the supporting point respectively;

S5. Temporary support frame installation:

S51. Install the bottom transfer beam on the main beam of the structure and anchor it;

S52, hoisting a temporary support frame on the bottom transfer beam, and welding an ear plate on the bottom transfer beam next to the side connecting ear plate at the bottom of the temporary support frame, and connecting the ear plate on the bottom transfer beam and the side connecting ear plate at the bottom of the temporary support frame by using double steel plates as connecting plates and bolts;

S53, hoist the standard section and non-standard section of the upper temporary support frame in sequence, and fix them with bolts, then use the steel plate as the connecting plate and bolt the side connecting ear plate;

S54. Hoist the top conversion platform on the top of the temporary support frame and secure it;

S55. Prepare sandbags or counterweights with a weight of 1.2 times that of _G0 , and gradually add sandbags or counterweights to the top of the top conversion platform for pre-compression. You can also use a water tank of the same weight, and after hoisting it into place, gradually add water to load the pre-compression.

S56. Remove the pre-loaded sandbags or weight blocks and water, and hoist the operating platform on the top of the temporary support frame;

S57. Install the bottom support column of the jack in the middle of the top conversion platform, fix the jack and adjust it to zero extension state; install the fixing columns along the beam on both sides along the beam direction;

S58, installing an adjustment device on the upper part of the jack, and setting the adjustment device to an initial state, that is, half of the length of the thread of the four-corner ball screw is exposed, and the length of each ball screw thread is equal, and installing the lower fixing plate of the component gripping device on the adjustment device;

的标高位置；如果千斤顶行程不够，可采用增加垫高板凳、垫板进行补偿，非特殊情况不必采用此项措施；S59, through the extension of the jacking plunger, the center position of the lower fixing plate of the control component holding device is controlled at the top

If the jack stroke is not enough, you can use the additional pad bench and pad to compensate. This measure is not necessary unless there are special circumstances.

S510. Install raised benches, pads and wooden wedges on the fixed columns along the beam to ensure the stability of the deviation adjustment device;

S6. Install the supported components:

S61. Install anti-skid rubber pads in the middle and at the ends of the lower fixing plate of the component gripping device, which not only play an anti-skid role but also ensure the protection of the finished product at the four corners of the supported component;

S62. Use a lifting machine to lift the supported prefabricated component to the designated location, ensuring that the 300mm line on the beam side of the supported component is placed inside the lower fixing plate of the component gripping device;

S63. Slowly unhook the hook to make the lifting rope of the hoisting machinery in a single relaxed state or a semi-relaxed state, and observe the installation status of the supported components;

S64, install the upper fixing plate of the component gripping device, and tighten it to the lower fixing plate with bolts;

S65. When the curvatures or angles of the two ends of the torsion component are different, since the movement of the component is restricted after the lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are tightened, the component gripping device at the inner supporting point can be tightened, and the component gripping devices at the other supporting points do not have anti-slip rubber pads, and the bolts of the lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are not tightened, to ensure that the supported component can freely extend and retract outward;

S7. Adjust the deviation adjustment device to change the posture of the supported component:

Adjust the four ball screws of the deviation adjustment device by rotating the wrench connected to the deviation adjustment operating rod on the ball screw;

The four ball screws are defined as A, B, C, and D in clockwise direction;

S71. First, determine the adjustment displacement values of the four ball screws of the deviation adjustment device:

；The projection distance between the front and rear ball screws: A and B, C and D is

;

；The projection distance between the left and right ball screws: A and D, B and C is

;

；The distance between each two adjacent threads of the ball screw is

;

；垂直梁方向横向坡度为

；It is known that the longitudinal slope along the beam is

; The transverse slope in the vertical beam direction is

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the ball screw No. A as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the ball screw No. B as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the C ball screw as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the D-number ball screw:

;

圈；然后，分别同时反方向将C号、D号球头丝杆旋转

圈；S72. Adjust the longitudinal slope of the beam: Rotate the A and B ball screws in opposite directions at the same time.

Then, rotate the C and D ball screws in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up;

圈；然后，分别同时反方向将B号、C号球头丝杆旋转

圈；S73. Adjust the transverse slope of the beam: rotate the A and D ball screws in opposite directions at the same time.

Then, rotate the ball screws B and C in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up;

S74. Each set of ball screws should be adjusted simultaneously and the number of rotations should be the same;

S8. Component connection and fixing:

S81. After the prefabricated components are temporarily connected and fixed, remove the lifting ropes connected to the lifting machinery;

S82. Carry out formal connection between prefabricated components and main structure, including welding, bolt connection, and bolt-weld combination connection;

S83. For the outrigger truss structure, after the supported member is connected to the main structure, on the temporary support device, use the operating platform, add a gantry-type movable bracket on the top as a working platform, use the lifting equipment to hoist the truss upper chord, and after connecting it to the main structure, slowly unhook and remove the lifting rope;

S84, sequentially install the cantilevered main beam, the outer ring beam, and the inner secondary beam to form a whole;

S9. Structural unloading and removal of temporary support devices

S91, removing the upper fixing plate of the component gripping device;

S92, remove the pads or raised benches on the fixed columns along the beam;

S93. Follow the principle of large first, small second, long first, short second, heavy first, light second, and unload the temporary support devices of components with longer cantilever spans and heavier deadweight first, and then unload the temporary support devices of components with smaller cantilever spans and lighter deadweight;

S94. When unloading, follow the principle of graded symmetry and first outside and then inside. Control the lifting pressure of the jack as the main and the unloading volume as the auxiliary. Record the support pressure after installation before unloading, and unload three times at 70%, 30%, and 0 respectively. The unloading volume is controlled within 50mm each time. When unloading, unload the outer temporary support points first, and then the inner temporary support points. When the pressure of the temporary support points of all components reaches 30% of the support pressure after installation, carry out the last unloading.

S95. After all components are unloaded, adjust the jack back to the zero lifting state and remove the following from top to bottom: the lower fixing plate of the component gripping device, the deviation adjustment device, the operating platform, the top conversion platform, the temporary support frame, and the bottom conversion beam; if there are still places on site where temporary support devices are needed, they can be removed in groups according to the lifting capacity to facilitate the turnover of temporary support devices.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can effectively realize the accurate installation of heavy-duty assembled components, and ensure low-carbon construction and high-precision installation, with a safe and reliable structure and strong practicality.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a front view of a temporary support device of the present invention;

FIG2 is a right side view of the temporary support device of the present invention;

FIG3 is a perspective view of a temporary support device of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent temporary brackets of the temporary support frame of the present invention;

FIG5 is a perspective view of the lifting and fixing device, the deviation adjusting device, and the component holding device of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting and fixing device and the deviation adjusting device of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ball screw according to the present invention;

In the figure: 1- bottom conversion beam; 2-temporary support frame; 3-top conversion platform; 4-lifting and fixing device; 5-bias adjustment device; 6-component gripping device; 7-operating platform; 8-ladder; 9-structural main beam; 10-U-shaped anchor ring; 11-anchor plate;

201-vertical connecting column; 202-horizontal connecting rod; 203-X-shaped reinforcing support rod; 204-butt end plate; 205-side connecting ear plate; 206-stiffening rib plate;

301- platform main beam; 302- platform secondary beam; 303- falling object prevention safety net;

401- Jack bottom support column; 402- Fixing column along the beam; 403- Jack; 404- Raised bench;

501-adjustable lower seat plate; 502-adjustable upper seat plate; 503-mounting seat; 504-steel rod; 505-reinforced inclined plate; 506-screw sleeve; 507-ball cap; 508-ball head screw; 509-square steel plate; 5010-adjustable operating rod; 5011-reinforced angle plate;

601-lower fixing plate; 602-upper fixing plate; 603-first connecting ear plate; 604-second connecting ear plate;

701- platform body; 702- guardrail; 703- operation panel;

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following paragraphs. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

A temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, includes a bottom transfer beam 1 fixed on a structural main beam 9, a temporary support frame 2 erected on the bottom transfer beam 1, a top transfer platform 3 installed on the temporary support frame 2, a jacking and fixing device 4 erected on the top transfer platform 3, an adjustment device 5 installed on the jacking and fixing device 4, a component gripping device 6 erected on the adjustment device 5, an operating platform 7 arranged on the periphery of the top transfer platform 3, and a ladder 8 installed on one side of the operating platform 7.

The bottom conversion beam 1 is used to replace the temporary supporting foundation, the top conversion platform 3 is used to disperse the upper concentrated load, the deviation adjustment device 5 is used to adjust the deviation of the supported component and adjust its posture in the air, the component gripping device 6 is used to support the component and play a limiting role, and the operating platform 7 and ladder 8 are easy to operate.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the bottom conversion beam 1 is usually made of rolled I-beams, which are arranged along the short span direction of the bottom structural main beam 9 by placing I-beams. For the case where the bottom structural main beam 9 has a larger span, a Bailey beam can be used instead of the rolled I-beam. The bottom conversion beam 1 is installed on the structural main beam 9 through a number of connection components, each of which includes two U-shaped anchor rings 10 wrapped on the structural main beam 9 and an anchor plate 11 placed on the upper surface of the bottom conversion beam 1. The tops of the U-shaped anchor rings 10 are anchored on the anchor plate 11, and the two U-shaped anchor rings 10 are respectively located on both sides of the bottom conversion beam 1. If the structural main beam 9 is in the form of a concrete beam-slab, it is necessary to pre-embed the casing on the beam side in advance so that the U-shaped anchor rings 10 can be inserted later.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the temporary support frame 2 is composed of multiple temporary supports connected in sequence from top to bottom. The temporary support frame 2 adopts cast iron or welded standard sections customized from the market, usually using a standard grid of 2500×2500×2500, and non-standard grids of 2500×2500×2000, 2500×2500×1500, and 2500×2500×1000.

Each temporary support includes four vertical connecting columns 201, and a horizontal connecting rod 202 is provided between the upper and lower ends of two adjacent vertical connecting columns 201, an X-shaped reinforcing support rod 203 is provided between two adjacent vertical connecting columns 201, and a docking head plate 204 is provided at the top and bottom of each vertical connecting column 201. The upper and lower ends of the side walls of each vertical connecting column 201 are evenly distributed around the circumference with a plurality of side connecting ear plates 205, and corresponding side connecting ear plates 205 are provided with stiffening rib plates 206.

A special double connection form is adopted between temporary brackets. Specifically, the butt-jointed head plates 204 between two adjacent temporary brackets are fixedly connected by bolts and double nuts, and the corresponding side connecting ear plates 205 are fixedly connected.

The butt-jointed head plate 204 at the bottom of the lowest temporary support is detachably connected to the bottom conversion beam 1 by bolts and double nuts, and the butt-jointed head plate 204 at the top of the highest temporary support is detachably connected to the top conversion platform 3 by bolts and double nuts. When the temporary support frame 2 is connected to the bottom conversion beam and the top conversion platform 3, a side connection can also be performed, by welding ear plates on the top of the bottom conversion beam 2 and the bottom of the top conversion platform 3, and the side connection ear plates 205 of the temporary support frame 2 are connected to the welded ear plates of the bottom conversion beam 2 and the top conversion platform 3 by ordinary bolts.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the top conversion platform 3 is a field-shaped platform structure welded by the outer platform main beam 301 and the inner platform secondary beam 302. The platform main beam 301 and the platform secondary beam 302 can be made of I-beam or H-beam. The center distance between the outer steel sections is set according to the size of the temporary support. The webs are welded with "T"-shaped combined welds, and the flanges are welded with full butt welding. Stiffening ribs are welded on the other side of the welding parts. All welding parts are equipped with arc-starting plates, lead-out plates, and lining plates. In the hollowed-out part between the platform main beam 301 and the platform secondary beam 302, in order to prevent the falling of cutting steel plates, tools, etc., a diamond mesh with a spacing of 2mm-5mm is used on the top surface of the lower flange of the beam of the top conversion platform 3 to make a safety net 303 to prevent falling objects.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and Figures 5 to 6, the jacking and fixing device 4 includes a middle jack bottom support column 401 and beam fixing columns 402 on both sides. The top of the secondary beam 302 corresponds to the jack bottom support column 401 and the beam fixing columns 402, and a limit installation component is provided. The limit installation component includes four circumferentially evenly distributed limit angle steels welded on the top of the secondary beam 302, which play the role of guiding and positioning the jack bottom support column 401 and the beam fixing columns 402. The jack bottom support column 401 and the beam fixing columns 402 are inserted between the corresponding four limit angle steels. A plurality of limit steel plates are welded on the circumference of the top of the jack bottom support column 401, and jacks 403 are inserted and installed between the limit steel plates. The limit steel plates play the role of limiting the movement of the jack 403 and stabilizing the jacking device. A pad or a raised bench 404 is provided on the top of the beam fixing columns 402.

The bottom support column 401 of the jack is made of H-shaped steel or square steel, which is flattened and polished on both sides, and then welded with a head plate. It can be customized into standard specifications such as 300mm, 500mm, 700mm, etc. according to different heights.

The fixed columns 402 along the beam are made of H-shaped steel or square steel, which are flattened and polished on both sides, and then welded with head plates. Depending on the height, they can be customized into different standard specifications such as 300mm, 500mm, 700mm, 900mm, etc.

When there is a small gap between the standard specifications of the fixed column 402 along the beam and the upper adjustment device 5, a pad is used to fill the gap. The pad can be a wedge-shaped steel plate with thin ends of different thicknesses depending on the size of the gap, so as to facilitate insertion into the gap; when the gap is large, a raised bench 404 is used instead of the pad. The raised bench 404 is made of four 20mm thick steel plates welded together.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, the deviation adjustment device 5 comprises a deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501 and a deviation adjustment upper seat plate 502, and the deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501 and the deviation adjustment upper seat plate 502 are 25 mm thick steel plates. The deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501 is arranged on the top of the jack 403, the pad or the raised bench 404, and a limit ring is arranged at the bottom of the deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501 corresponding to the top column of the jack 403.

A mounting seat 503 is provided in the middle position of the top of the deflection adjusting lower seat plate 501, and a hemispherical groove is provided on the top of the mounting seat 503. A steel rod 504 is fixedly provided in the middle position of the bottom of the deflection adjusting upper seat plate 502. The diameter of the steel rod 504 is 40 mm, and the bottom of the steel rod 504 is a hemispherical structure. The hemispherical structure at the bottom of the steel rod 504 is installed in the hemispherical groove at the top of the mounting seat 503. A number of reinforcing inclined plates 505 are evenly distributed on the circumference between the side wall of the steel rod 504 and the bottom of the deflection adjusting upper seat plate 502. The middle part of the structure becomes a spherical bearing. Since the spherical bearing can be customized online, according to the stress condition of the upper component, a spherical bearing with a vertical bearing capacity of not less than 2 times the dead weight of the upper component and a small sliding friction coefficient is specially selected.

Four deviation adjustment components are provided at the four corners between the top of the deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501 and the bottom of the deviation adjustment upper seat plate 502, and the deviation adjustment components include a screw sleeve 506 welded on the top of the deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501, and a ball cap 507 welded on the bottom of the deviation adjustment upper seat plate 502. The inner thread of the screw sleeve 506 is installed with a ball head screw 508, and the diameter of the ball head screw 508 is not less than 35 mm. The top of the ball head screw 508 is a hemispherical structure and the hemispherical structure is installed inside the ball cap 507. A square steel plate 509 is fixed to the upper end of the ball head screw 508, and a number of deviation adjustment operating rods 5010 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer wall of the square steel plate 509. A number of stiffening angle plates 5011 are circumferentially provided between the outer wall of the screw sleeve 506 and the deviation adjustment lower seat plate 501, and between the outer wall of the ball cap 507 and the deviation adjustment upper seat plate 502.

The ball screw 508 is used as the input shaft for forward and reverse rotation, and is numbered "A", "B", "C", and "D" for "upper left", "lower left", "lower right", and "upper right" respectively. The ball head surface of the ball screw 508 is set at the top of the ball screw 508, and the lower part of the ball screw 508 is set with a spiral thread with a depth of not less than 2mm. The ball cap 507 is welded to the upper adjustment seat plate 502, and a hole with the same shape and volume as half of the ball head is dug out, and it is polished and lubricated; the ball screw 508 is connected to the lower adjustment seat plate 501 with a screw sleeve 506 matching the thread, the inner diameter of the screw sleeve 506 is consistent with the ball screw 508, and the wall thickness of the screw sleeve 506 is not less than 12mm. A square steel plate 509 with a side length of 50 mm and a thickness of 12 mm is welded at a position 40 mm away from the top of the ball screw 508 and the bottom of the ball head surface. The inner side of the square steel plate 509 is fully welded to the ball screw 508 in the form of fillet welding. Four round steel rods, namely, adjustment operating rods 5010, are vertically welded to the four sides of the outer side of the square steel plate 509 as forward (reverse) rotation input devices, and are marked with "0", "+", "※", and "-" clockwise, corresponding to 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively. Before hoisting the component, the adjustment operating rod 5010 is connected by using a rotating wrench, and the square steel plate 509 is rotated to set the adjustment device 5 to the initial position. At this time, the "0" sections of the four corners all point in the same direction.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5,

The component gripping device 6 includes a lower fixed plate 601 and an upper fixed plate 602. Connecting seats are provided on both sides of the bottom of the lower fixed plate 601 and are fixed to the top of the adjusting upper seat plate 502 through connecting seats and connecting bolts. The upper fixed plate 602 includes two parts. The lower fixed plate 601 and the upper fixed plate 602 are provided with a first connecting ear plate 603 at the butt end and the corresponding first connecting ear plate 603 is connected by bolts. A second connecting ear plate 604 is correspondingly provided between the two parts of the upper fixed plate 602 and the corresponding second connecting ear plate 604 is connected by bolts. The inner walls of the lower fixed plate 601 and the upper fixed plate 602 are provided with anti-slip rubber pads.

The inner walls of the upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 are cut according to the cross section of the component (the left and right sides can be expanded 10mm each for easy installation), and are made of steel plates not less than 12mm thick. Due to the particularity of the cross section of the component, for standard box-shaped or circular tube and arc components, the cross section of the upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 can be set to a combined rectangle or a combined circle; for I-shaped and H-shaped cross-section components, the cross section of the upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 can be set to a combined rectangle; for T-shaped and trapezoidal cross-sections, it is recommended to set the cross section of the upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 to a trapezoidal cross-section. Since the upper fixing plate 602 is concave with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, it is necessary to set the upper fixing plate 602 to be two halves on the left and right sides, and connect them into a whole by welding ear plates and using ordinary bolts at the outside of the intersection. The upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 are connected by welding the first connecting ear plate 603 on the outside and fastening with ordinary bolts. At this time, due to the effect of the anti-slip rubber pad, if the upper fixing plate 602 and the lower fixing plate 601 cannot be completely close together, a gap can be allowed to exist while ensuring the shape of the component. In the middle of the bottom of the lower fixing plate 601, the center of the upper seat plate 502 of the adjustment device 5 coincides with the center of the lower fixing plate 601, and a connecting seat is set at the bottom of the lower fixing plate 601 at the outer position corresponding to the upper seat plate 502, which is bolted to the upper seat plate 502 of the adjustment device 5. Since the cross-sectional form of common prefabricated components has extremely strong repeatability, the upper seat plate 502 of the adjustment device 5 and the component gripping device 6 can be connected as a whole, and after the project is completed, they can be dismantled and reused.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the operating platform 7 includes a platform body 701 disposed on the periphery of the top conversion platform 3 , guardrails 702 are disposed around the upper surface of the platform body 701 , and an operating panel 703 is disposed on the upper surface of the platform body 701 .

The platform body 701 is welded with No. 16 rolled I-beams, with a spacing of 0.8m-1.2m. It is required that the webs be welded with T-type combination welding and the flanges be butt-welded, and the weld quality should not be lower than Grade 2. An oblique corner reinforcement plate is set on the top of the inner No. 16 I-beam, which is fillet welded with the upper flange of the I-beam and plays a role in fixing the operating platform 7 on the top conversion platform 3. A patterned steel plate is used as the operating panel 703 on the upper part of the No. 16 I-beam, and the patterned steel plate is fixed to the I-beam by tightening screws or welding screws. A standardized guardrail 702 is set on the upper flange of the outer I-beam. The guardrail 702 is ¨60×4, and a 250mm high footboard is set at the bottom of the guardrail 702.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , a steel ladder 8 is provided outside the temporary support frame 2 , and a flame-retardant safety dense mesh is provided as an anti-falling net with every three temporary supports as a section to avoid the occurrence of falling accidents.

A low-carbon construction method for temporary support devices for heavy prefabricated components, the specific steps are:

S1. Support point selection:

S11. Determine the unit weight M of the supported prefabricated component according to its cross section, and determine its deadweight G=M×L according to the axis span L of the supported component;

S12. Select 2 times the deadweight G to determine the axial compressive bearing capacity of the temporary support frame 2 σ=2G/4A=0.5G/A, and determine the number of temporary brackets of the temporary support frame 2 according to the empirical formula n=σ/0.7f; where A is the cross-sectional area of a single vertical connecting column 201 of the temporary support frame 2, and f is the design value of the steel strength of the temporary support frame 2;

，其中，被支撑构件惯性矩

；S13. Assume that there are n supporting points, the middle span is l=L/n+1, and the cantilever end length is 0.5l. When n=2, it is a cantilever simply supported beam. Select 1.2 times the deadweight and calculate the deflection of the supported member.

, where the moment of inertia of the supported member is

;

S14. Optimize the position of the support points according to the calculation results and on-site construction conditions;

S2. Determine the erection height of the temporary support frame 2 and the setting height of the jacking and fixing device 4:

S21. According to the CAD drawing, calculate the design height H ₂ of the temporary support frame 2 = the bottom elevation H _{upper level of} the supported prefabricated component beam - the top elevation H _lower level of the supported prefabricated component beam;

；S22, select 1.2 times the deadweight of the supported member G ₀ =M×l, l is the distance between the support points, l=L/n+1, and determine the compression deformation of the temporary support frame 2

;

、底部转换梁1的高度为

、顶部转换平台3的高度为

、调偏装置5初始状态高度为

、构件握裹装置6的下固定板601厚度为B、顶升与固定装置4的高度为

、临时支撑架体2设置高度

；S23, the setting height from the upper surface of the lower fixing plate 601 to the bottom of the entire supporting device is

, the height of the bottom transfer beam 1 is

, the height of the top conversion platform 3 is

, the initial state height of the deviation adjustment device 5 is

, the thickness of the lower fixing plate 601 of the component gripping device 6 is B, and the height of the lifting and fixing device 4 is

, Temporary support frame 2 setting height

;

，确定临时支撑架体2的高度、顶升与固定装置4的高度；根据临时支撑架体2的高度，进而确定标准节的数量、非标准节的数量及规格；S24, according to

, determine the height of the temporary support frame 2 and the height of the jacking and fixing device 4; according to the height of the temporary support frame 2, determine the number of standard sections, the number and specifications of non-standard sections;

S3. Stress analysis and in-depth design of the main structural beam 9 under the bottom transfer beam 1:

S31, simplify the bottom conversion beam 1 and the structural main beam 9 into a single-span beam with fixed beam ends, and simplify the structural main beam 9 under each bottom conversion beam 1 by using concentrated force P=1.5G _{upper part} /4≈0.4G _{upper part} ;

，

，

，其中，

为结构主梁9的惯性矩，σ对应的y取为结构主梁9最边缘到中和轴的最大距离，σ₁对应的y取为结构主梁9翼缘与腹板交接处到中和轴的最大距离，t_wB为结构主梁9腹板宽度，f、fv分别为钢材受拉/压强度设计值、受剪强度设计值；S32. Check the stress of the main structural beam 9 under the bottom transfer beam 1

,

,

,in,

is the moment of inertia of the main beam 9, y corresponding to σ is taken as the maximum distance from the edge of the main beam 9 to the neutral axis, y corresponding to σ ₁ is taken as the maximum distance from the junction of the flange and the web of the main beam 9 to the neutral axis, t _wB is the web width of the main beam 9, f and fv are the design values of the tensile/compressive strength and shear strength of the steel, respectively;

S33. At the junction of the main structural beam 9 and the bottom transfer beam 1, structural measures to prevent lateral deviation are taken during the detailed design stage: transverse stiffening ribs are added to the steel beams; reinforcement measures such as adding haunches are taken at the beam slabs of reinforced concrete beams;

S4. Measurement and positioning:

S41, determine the location of the temporary support point;

S42, determining the position of the outer edge of the temporary support frame 2 and the center line of the vertical connecting column 201;

S43, determine the placement position of the bottom transfer beam 1, and mark the upper part of the structural main beam 9 under the bottom transfer beam 1 with an ink line;

S44. Determine the position of the supporting point of the supported member and mark 300 mm and 500 mm lines on both sides of the supporting point respectively;

S5. Installation of temporary support frame 2:

S51, installing the bottom transfer beam 1 on the structural main beam 9 and anchoring it;

S52, hoist the temporary support frame 2 on the bottom conversion beam 1, and weld the ear plate on the bottom conversion beam 1 next to the side connecting ear plate 205 at the bottom of the temporary support frame 2, and connect the ear plate on the bottom conversion beam 1 and the side connecting ear plate 205 at the bottom of the temporary support frame 2 with double steel plates as connecting plates and bolts;

S53, sequentially hoist the standard section and the non-standard section of the upper temporary support frame 2, and fix and bolt them, then use the steel plate as the connecting plate, and bolt the side connecting ear plate 205;

S54, hoisting the top conversion platform 3 on the top of the temporary support frame 2 and fixing it;

S55, prepare sandbags or counterweights with a weight of 1.2 times that of _G0 , and gradually add sandbags or counterweights on the top of the top conversion platform 3 for pre-compression; or use a water tank of the same weight, and after hoisting it into place, gradually add water to load the pre-compression;

S56, remove the pre-compressed sandbags or counterweights and water, and hoist the operating platform 7 on the top of the temporary support frame 2;

S57, install the jack bottom support column 401 in the middle of the top conversion platform 3, fix the jack 403 and adjust it to zero extension state; install the beam fixing columns 402 on both sides along the beam direction;

S58, install the deviation adjusting device 5 on the upper part of the jack 403, and set the deviation adjusting device 5 to the initial state, that is, half of the thread length of the four corner ball screws 508 is exposed, and the thread length of each ball screw 508 is equal, and install the lower fixing plate 601 of the component gripping device 6 on the deviation adjusting device 5;

的标高位置；如果千斤顶403行程不够，可采用增加垫高板凳404、垫板进行补偿，非特殊情况不必采用此项措施；S59, by extending the jacking plunger of the jack 403, the top of the center position of the lower fixing plate 601 of the control component holding device 6 is at

If the stroke of the jack 403 is not enough, the bench 404 and the pad can be added to compensate. This measure is not necessary unless there is a special situation.

S510, installing a raised bench 404, a pad and a wooden wedge on the fixed column 402 along the beam to ensure the stability of the deviation adjustment device 5;

S6. Install the supported components:

S61, installing anti-skid rubber pads in the middle and at the ends of the lower fixing plate 601 of the component gripping device 6, which not only play an anti-skid role, but also ensure the protection of the finished product at the four corners of the supported component;

S62, hoisting the supported assembled component to the designated position by means of a lifting machine, ensuring that the 300 mm line on the beam side of the supported component is placed inside the lower fixing plate 601 of the component gripping device 6;

S63. Slowly unhook the hook to make the lifting rope of the hoisting machinery in a single relaxed state or a semi-relaxed state, and observe the installation status of the supported components;

S64, installing the upper fixing plate 602 of the component holding device 6, and fastening it to the lower fixing plate 601 with bolts;

S65. When the curvatures or angles of the two ends of the torsion component are different, since the movement of the component is restricted after the lower fixing plate 601 and the upper fixing plate 602 are tightened, the component gripping device 6 at the inner supporting point can be tightened, and the component gripping device 6 at the other supporting points does not have an anti-slip rubber pad, and the bolts of the lower fixing plate 601 and the upper fixing plate 602 are not tightened, to ensure that the supported component can freely extend and retract outward;

S7, adjusting the deviation adjusting device 5 to change the posture of the supported component:

Adjust the four ball screws 508 of the deviation adjustment device by rotating the wrench to connect the deviation adjustment operating rod 5010 on the ball screw 508;

The four ball screws 508 are defined as A, B, C, and D in a clockwise direction;

S71. First, determine the adjustment displacement values of the four ball screws 508 of the deviation adjustment device 5:

；The projection distance between the two ball screws 508 at the front and rear: A and B, C and D is

;

；The projection distance between the two ball screws 508 on the left and right: A and D, B and C is

;

；The distance between each two adjacent threads of the ball screw 508 is

;

；垂直梁方向横向坡度为

；It is known that the longitudinal slope along the beam is

; The transverse slope in the vertical beam direction is

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of ball screw 508 No. A as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of ball screw 508 No. B as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the C-number ball screw 508 as follows:

;

；Determine the adjustment displacement value of the D-number ball screw 508 as follows:

;

圈；然后，分别同时反方向将C号、D号球头丝杆508旋转

圈；S72, adjust the longitudinal slope of the beam: rotate the A and B ball screws 508 in opposite directions at the same time

Then, rotate the C and D ball screws 508 in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up;

圈；然后，分别同时反方向将B号、C号球头丝杆508旋转

圈；S73, adjust the transverse slope of the beam: rotate the A and D ball screws 508 in opposite directions at the same time.

Then, rotate the No. B and No. C ball screws 508 in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up;

S74, the adjustment of each set of ball screws 508 should be performed simultaneously, and the number of rotations should be the same;

S8. Component connection and fixing:

S81. After the prefabricated components are temporarily connected and fixed, remove the lifting ropes connected to the lifting machinery;

S82. Carry out formal connection between prefabricated components and main structure, including welding, bolt connection, and bolt-weld combination connection;

S83. After the supported member of the cantilever truss structure is connected to the main structure, on the temporary support device, an operating platform 7 is used, and a gantry movable bracket is added on the upper part as a working platform. A lifting device is used to lift the upper chord of the truss, and after it is connected to the main structure, the hook is slowly unhooked and the lifting rope is removed;

S84, sequentially install the cantilevered main beam, the outer ring beam, and the inner secondary beam to form a whole;

S9. Structural unloading and removal of temporary support devices

S91, removing the upper fixing plate 602 of the component holding device 6;

S92, removing the pads or raising the bench 404 on the beam fixing column 402;

S93. Follow the principle of large first, small second, long first, short second, heavy first, light second, and unload the temporary support devices of components with longer cantilever spans and heavier deadweight first, and then unload the temporary support devices of components with smaller cantilever spans and lighter deadweight;

S94. When unloading, follow the principle of graded symmetry and first outside and then inside. According to the lifting pressure control of jack 403 as the main and the unloading volume as the auxiliary, record the support pressure after installation before unloading, and unload three times at 70%, 30%, and 0 respectively. The unloading volume is controlled within 50mm each time. When unloading, the outer temporary support points are unloaded first, and then the inner temporary support points are unloaded. The temporary support point pressure of all components reaches 30% of the support pressure after installation, and then the last unloading is carried out.

S95. After all components are unloaded, adjust the jack 403 back to the zero lifting state, and remove in order from top to bottom: the lower fixed plate 601 of the component gripping device 6, the deviation adjustment device 5, the operating platform 7, the top conversion platform 3, the temporary support frame 2, and the bottom conversion beam 1; if there are still places on site where temporary support devices are needed, the temporary support devices can be removed in groups according to the lifting capacity to facilitate the turnover of the temporary support devices.

Through the above-mentioned temporary support device and its low-carbon construction method,

The present invention can realize the use of conversion components to set up temporary support devices, complete high-precision installation of heavy-duty assembled components, and realize low-carbon construction.

The present invention can utilize the bottom conversion beam 1 to replace the temporary support foundation, thereby reducing the erection height of the temporary support device. At the same time, the connection between the bottom conversion beam 1 and the structural main beam 9 is more stable, which not only increases the stability of the temporary support device, but also reduces the amount of steel used in the temporary support device. It is safe, reliable, economical and applicable. At the same time, no reinforcement measures such as attachment, parallel connection or diagonal bracing are required, and the construction is simple and quick, saving construction time and cost.

The temporary supports between the temporary support frame bodies 2 of the present invention adopt a double connection method, which can be connected by connecting the head plate 204 or the side connecting ear plate 205, avoiding installation problems caused by collision problems and component deformation, facilitating construction, and helping to improve installation accuracy.

The present invention makes full use of the advantages of "welding + bolts". Welding is used inside each component to ensure the integrity of each component. Bolts are mainly used between components to facilitate later disassembly, replacement and maintenance, which helps to achieve low-carbon construction.

The present invention adopts an adjustment device 5 that can adjust the longitudinal and transverse slopes of the assembled components. On the one hand, it replaces the existing barbaric construction process of "falling chain + sledgehammer" to facilitate the later high-altitude posture adjustment or correction of the components; on the other hand, it can also realize the early unhooking of the lifting machinery and improve the utilization rate of the machinery.

The present invention adopts a component gripping device 6 to fix the assembled component, and cooperates with the deviation adjusting device 5 to realize the early unhooking of the lifting machinery, which not only ensures the construction safety, but also saves the construction cost of customized wedge-shaped steel plates, thereby achieving the purpose of creating benefits and increasing revenue for the project.

The present invention is provided with an operating platform 7 and a ladder 8 connected to the temporary support frame 2, so as to avoid workers standing in the narrow space on the top of the temporary support frame 2 or working on a hanging basket suspended on a component, which not only expands the working surface of the workers and is conducive to civilized construction and safe construction; but also ensures that the construction live load is applied vertically to the temporary support frame 2 as much as possible, thereby reducing the effect of the additional construction live load on the component and the temporary support frame 2.

The present invention adopts a construction method that matches the temporary support device, which can achieve the purpose of efficient calculation and high-precision control by using an abstract calculation model to select support points, consider the self-compressive deformation of the support device after coupling with the stiffness of the steel beam, and construct the bottom conversion beam 1 and its lower structure main beam 9 without establishing a non-finite element model.

The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty assembled components, characterized in that it comprises a bottom transfer beam (1) fixed on a structural main beam (9), a temporary support frame (2) erected on the bottom transfer beam (1), a top transfer platform (3) installed on the temporary support frame (2), a jacking and fixing device (4) erected on the top transfer platform (3), an adjustment device (5) installed on the jacking and fixing device (4), a component gripping device (6) erected on the adjustment device (5), an operating platform (7) arranged on the periphery of the top transfer platform (3), and a ladder (8) installed on one side of the operating platform (7). 2. According to claim 1, the temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components is characterized in that the bottom conversion beam (1) is installed on the structural main beam (9) through a plurality of connection components, each of which includes two U-shaped anchor rings (10) wrapped on the structural main beam (9) and an anchor plate (11) placed on the upper surface of the bottom conversion beam (1), the top of the U-shaped anchor ring (10) is anchored on the anchor plate (11), and the two U-shaped anchor rings (10) are respectively located on both sides of the bottom conversion beam (1). 3. The temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty assembled components according to claim 2 is characterized in that the temporary support frame (2) is composed of a plurality of temporary supports connected in sequence from top to bottom, the temporary supports include standard sections and non-standard sections, each temporary support includes four vertical connecting columns (201), a horizontal connecting rod (202) is provided between the upper and lower ends of two adjacent vertical connecting columns (201), an X-shaped reinforcing support rod (203) is provided between two adjacent vertical connecting columns (201), a butt-jointed head plate (204) is provided at the top and bottom of each vertical connecting column (201), and each vertical The upper end and the lower end of the side wall of the connecting column (201) are evenly distributed around the circumference with a plurality of side connecting ear plates (205), and corresponding side connecting ear plates (205) are provided with stiffening rib plates (206). The butt-jointed head plates (204) between two adjacent temporary brackets are fixedly connected by bolts and double nuts, and the corresponding side connecting ear plates (205) are fixedly connected to each other. The butt-jointed head plate (204) at the bottom of the lowest temporary bracket is detachably connected to the bottom conversion beam (1) by bolts and double nuts, and the butt-jointed head plate (204) at the top of the highest temporary bracket is detachably connected to the top conversion platform (3) by bolts and double nuts. 4. The temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components according to claim 3 is characterized in that the top conversion platform (3) is a field-shaped platform structure welded by an outer platform main beam (301) and an inner platform secondary beam (302), and a falling object prevention safety net (303) is installed in the hollow area at the bottom of the platform main beam (301) and the platform secondary beam (302). 5. According to claim 4, the temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components is characterized in that the jacking and fixing device (4) includes a middle jack bottom support column (401) and beam fixing columns (402) on both sides, and the top of the secondary beam (302) corresponds to the jack bottom support column (401) and the beam fixing columns (402). The limit installation components include four circumferentially evenly distributed limit angle steels welded on the top of the secondary beam (302), the jack bottom support column (401) and the beam fixing columns (402) are inserted between the corresponding four limit angle steels, a plurality of limit steel plates are welded on the top of the jack bottom support column (401) and the jacks (403) are inserted and installed between the limit steel plates, and a pad or a raised bench (404) is provided on the top of the beam fixing columns (402). 6. The temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty assembled components according to claim 5 is characterized in that the adjustment device (5) comprises an adjustment lower seat plate (501) and an adjustment upper seat plate (502), the adjustment lower seat plate (501) being arranged on the top of the jack (403), the pad or the raised bench (404), a limiting ring being arranged at the bottom of the adjustment lower seat plate (501) corresponding to the top column of the jack (403), a mounting seat (503) being arranged at the middle position of the top of the adjustment lower seat plate (501), a hemispherical groove being arranged at the top of the mounting seat (503), a steel rod (504) being fixed at the middle position of the bottom of the adjustment upper seat plate (502), the bottom of the steel rod (504) being a hemispherical structure, the hemispherical structure at the bottom of the steel rod (504) being installed in the hemispherical groove at the top of the mounting seat (503), and a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed between the side wall of the steel rod (504) and the bottom of the adjustment upper seat plate (502) There are four deflection adjustment components at four corners between the top of the deflection adjustment lower seat plate (501) and the bottom of the deflection adjustment upper seat plate (502), and the deflection adjustment components include a screw sleeve (506) welded to the top of the deflection adjustment lower seat plate (501), a ball cap (507) welded to the bottom of the deflection adjustment upper seat plate (502), a ball head screw (508) is installed on the internal thread of the screw sleeve (506), and the top of the ball head screw (508) is A hemispherical structure is installed inside a ball cap (507). A square steel plate (509) is fixedly arranged on the upper end of a ball screw (508). A plurality of deflection adjustment operating rods (5010) are evenly distributed on the circumference of an outer wall of the square steel plate (509). A plurality of stiffening angle plates (5011) are evenly distributed on the circumference between an outer wall of a screw sleeve (506) and a deflection adjustment lower seat plate (501), and between an outer wall of a ball cap (507) and a deflection adjustment upper seat plate (502). 7. According to claim 6, the temporary support device suitable for heavy-duty prefabricated components is characterized in that the component gripping device (6) includes a lower fixed plate (601) and an upper fixed plate (602), and the bottom two sides of the lower fixed plate (601) are provided with connecting seats and are fixed to the top of the upper seat plate (502) for adjusting the deviation through the connecting seats and connecting bolts, and the upper fixed plate (602) includes two parts, and the lower fixed plate (601) and the upper fixed plate (602) are provided with a first connecting ear plate (603) at the butt end and the corresponding first connecting ear plate (603) is connected by bolts, and the two parts of the upper fixed plate (602) are provided with a corresponding second connecting ear plate (604) and the corresponding second connecting ear plate (604) is connected by bolts, and the inner walls of the lower fixed plate (601) and the upper fixed plate (602) are provided with anti-slip rubber pads. 8. The temporary support device for heavy-duty assembled components according to claim 7 is characterized in that the operating platform (7) comprises a platform body (701) arranged on the periphery of the top conversion platform (3), guardrails (702) are arranged around the upper surface of the platform body (701), and an operating panel (703) is arranged on the upper surface of the platform body (701). 9. The low-carbon construction method for a temporary support device for heavy-duty assembled components according to claim 8, characterized in that the specific steps are: S1. Support point selection: S11. Determine the unit weight M of the supported prefabricated component according to its cross section, and determine its deadweight G=M×L according to the axis span L of the supported component; S12, select twice the deadweight G, determine the axial compressive bearing capacity of the temporary support frame (2) σ = (2G) / (4A) = 0.5G / A, and determine the number of temporary brackets of the temporary support frame (2) according to the empirical formula n = σ / 0.7f; wherein A is the cross-sectional area of a single vertical connecting column (201) of the temporary support frame (2), and f is the design value of the steel strength of the temporary support frame (2); S13. Assume that there are n supporting points, the middle span is l=L/(n+1), and the cantilever end length is 0.5l. When n=2, it is a cantilever simply supported beam. Select 1.2 times the deadweight and calculate the deflection of the supported member.

, where the moment of inertia of the supported member is

; S14. Optimize the position of the support points according to the calculation results and on-site construction conditions; S2. Determine the erection height of the temporary support frame (2) and the setting height of the jacking and fixing device (4): S21. According to the CAD drawing, calculate the design height H ₂ of the temporary support frame (2) = the bottom elevation H _upper of the upper beam of the supported prefabricated component - the top elevation H _lower of the lower beam of the supported prefabricated component; S22. Select 1.2 times the deadweight of the supported member G ₀ =M×l, where l is the distance between the support points and l=L/(n+1), and determine the compression deformation of the temporary support frame (2).

; S23. The setting height from the upper surface of the lower fixing plate (601) to the bottom of the entire supporting device is

, the height of the bottom transfer beam (1) is

, the height of the top conversion platform (3) is

, the initial state height of the deviation adjustment device (5) is

, the thickness of the lower fixing plate (601) of the component gripping device (6) is B, and the height of the lifting and fixing device (4) is

, Temporary support frame (2) Setting height

; S24, according to

, determine the height of the temporary support frame (2) and the height of the jacking and fixing device (4); and determine the number of standard sections, the number of non-standard sections and their specifications according to the height of the temporary support frame (2); S3. Stress analysis and detailed design of the main structural beam (9) under the bottom transfer beam (1): S31, simplifying the bottom transfer beam (1) and the structural main beam (9) into a single-span beam with fixed beam ends, and simplifying the structural main beam (9) under each bottom transfer beam (1) by using a concentrated force P = 1.5G _{upper part} /4≈0.4G _{upper part} ; S32. Check the stress of the main structural beam (9) under the bottom transfer beam (1)

,

,

,in,

is the moment of inertia of the structural main beam (9), y corresponding to σ is taken as the maximum distance from the outermost edge of the structural main beam (9) to the neutral axis, y corresponding to _σ1 is taken as the maximum distance from the junction of the flange and the web of the structural main beam (9) to the neutral axis, _twB is the web width of the structural main beam (9), f and fv are the design values of the tensile/compressive strength and the shear strength of the steel, respectively; S33. At the junction of the main structural beam (9) and the bottom transfer beam (1), structural measures to prevent lateral deviation are taken during the detailed design stage: for steel beams, transverse stiffening ribs are added; for reinforced concrete beams, haunches are added at the beam slab to strengthen the beam; S4. Measurement and positioning: S41, determine the location of the temporary support point; S42, determining the position of the outer edge of the temporary support frame (2) and the center line of the vertical connection column (201); S43, determining the placement position of the bottom transfer beam (1), and marking the upper part of the structural main beam (9) under the bottom transfer beam (1) with an ink line; S44. Determine the position of the supporting point of the supported member and mark 300 mm and 500 mm lines on both sides of the supporting point respectively; S5. Temporary support frame (2) installation: S51, installing the bottom transfer beam (1) on the structural main beam (9) and anchoring it; S52, hoisting the temporary support frame (2) on the bottom transfer beam (1), and welding the ear plate on the bottom transfer beam (1) next to the side connecting ear plate (205) at the bottom of the temporary support frame (2), and connecting the ear plate on the bottom transfer beam (1) and the side connecting ear plate (205) at the bottom of the temporary support frame (2) by using double steel plates as connecting plates and bolts; S53, sequentially hoisting the standard section and the non-standard section of the upper temporary support frame (2), and fixing and bolting them, then using a steel plate as a connecting plate, and bolting the side connecting ear plate (205); S54, hoisting the top conversion platform (3) on the top of the temporary support frame (2) and fixing it; S55, prepare sandbags or counterweights with a weight 1.2 times that of _G0 , and gradually add sandbags or counterweights to the top of the top conversion platform (3) for pre-compression; or use a water tank of the same weight, and after hoisting it into place, gradually add water to load the pre-compression; S56, removing the pre-compressed sandbags or counterweights and water, and hoisting the operating platform (7) on the top of the temporary support frame (2); S57, installing the jack bottom support column (401) in the middle of the top conversion platform (3), fixing the jack (403) and adjusting it to a zero extension state; installing the beam fixing columns (402) on both sides along the beam direction; S58, installing the deviation adjustment device (5) on the upper part of the jack (403), and setting the deviation adjustment device (5) in an initial state, that is, half of the thread length of the four-corner ball screw (508) is exposed, and the thread length of each ball screw (508) is equal, and installing the lower fixing plate (601) of the component gripping device (6) on the deviation adjustment device (5); S59, by extending the jacking plunger of the jack (403), the top of the center position of the lower fixing plate (601) of the control component gripping device (6) is at

If the stroke of the jack (403) is insufficient, a raised bench (404) and a pad can be added for compensation. This measure need not be adopted unless there is a special situation. S510, installing a raised bench (404), a pad and a wooden wedge on the fixed column (402) along the beam to ensure the stability of the deviation adjustment device (5); S6. Install the supported components: S61, installing anti-skid rubber pads in the middle and at the ends of the lower fixing plate (601) of the component gripping device (6), which not only play an anti-skid role but also ensure the protection of the finished product at the four corners of the supported component; S62, hoisting the supported assembled component to the designated position by means of a lifting machine, ensuring that the 300 mm line on the beam side of the supported component is placed on the inner side of the lower fixing plate (601) of the component gripping device (6); S63. Slowly unhook the hook to make the lifting rope of the hoisting machinery in a single relaxed state or a semi-relaxed state, and observe the installation status of the supported components; S64, installing the upper fixing plate (602) of the component gripping device (6), and fastening it to the lower fixing plate (601) with bolts; S65. When the curvatures or angles of the two ends of the torsion-type component are different, since the movement of the component is restricted after the lower fixing plate (601) and the upper fixing plate (602) are tightened, the component gripping device (6) at the inner supporting point can be tightened, and the component gripping device (6) at the other supporting points is not provided with an anti-slip rubber pad, and the bolts of the lower fixing plate (601) and the upper fixing plate (602) are not tightened, so as to ensure that the supported component can freely extend and retract outward; S7, adjusting the deviation adjustment device (5) to change the posture of the supported component: The four ball screws (508) of the deviation adjustment device are adjusted by rotating a wrench to connect the deviation adjustment operating rod (5010) on the ball screw (508); The four ball screws (508) are defined as A, B, C, and D in a clockwise direction; S71. First, determine the adjustment displacement values of the four ball screws (508) of the deviation adjustment device (5): The projection distance between the front and rear ball screws (508): A and B, C and D is

; The projection distance between the two ball screws (508) on the left and right: A and D, B and C is

; The distance between each two adjacent threads of the ball screw (508) is

; It is known that the longitudinal slope along the beam is

; The transverse slope in the vertical beam direction is

; Determine the adjustment displacement value of the ball screw (508) No. A as follows:

; Determine the adjustment displacement value of the ball screw (508) No. B as follows:

; Determine the adjustment displacement value of the C-number ball screw (508):

; Determine the adjustment displacement value of the D-number ball screw (508):

; S72, adjust the longitudinal slope of the beam: rotate the A and B ball screws (508) in opposite directions at the same time.

Then, rotate the C and D ball screws (508) in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up; S73, adjust the transverse slope of the beam: rotate the A and D ball screws (508) in opposite directions at the same time.

Then, rotate the No. B and No. C ball screws (508) in opposite directions at the same time.

lock up; S74. The adjustment of each set of ball screws (508) should be performed simultaneously and the number of rotations should be the same; S8. Component connection and fixing: S81. After the prefabricated components are temporarily connected and fixed, remove the lifting ropes connected to the lifting machinery; S82. Carry out formal connection between prefabricated components and main structure, including welding, bolt connection, and bolt-weld combination connection; S83. After the supported member of the cantilever truss structure is connected to the main structure, on the temporary support device, an operating platform (7) is used, and a gantry-type movable bracket is added on the upper part as a working platform. A lifting device is used to lift the upper chord of the truss, and after it is connected to the main structure, the hook is slowly unhooked and the lifting rope is removed; S84, sequentially install the cantilevered main beam, the outer ring beam, and the inner secondary beam to form a whole; S9. Structural unloading and removal of temporary support devices S91, removing the upper fixing plate (602) of the component gripping device (6); S92, remove the pads or the raised benches (404) on the beam fixing columns (402); S93. Follow the principle of large first, small second, long first, short second, heavy first, light second, and unload the temporary support devices of components with longer cantilever spans and heavier deadweight first, and then unload the temporary support devices of components with smaller cantilever spans and lighter deadweight; S94. During unloading, the principle of symmetrical grading and first outside and then inside shall be followed. The lifting pressure of the jack (403) shall be controlled as the main pressure and the unloading volume shall be controlled as the auxiliary pressure. Before unloading, the support pressure after installation shall be recorded and unloaded three times at 70%, 30% and 0 respectively. The unloading volume shall be controlled within 50mm each time. During unloading, the outer temporary support points shall be unloaded first, and the inner temporary support points shall be unloaded later. The final unloading shall be carried out when the pressure of the temporary support points of all components reaches 30% of the support pressure after installation. S95. After all components are unloaded, the jack (403) is adjusted back to the zero-lift state, and the following are removed in order from top to bottom: the lower fixing plate (601) of the component gripping device (6), the deflection adjusting device (5), the operating platform (7), the top conversion platform (3), the temporary support frame (2), and the bottom conversion beam (1); if there is still a place on site where the temporary support device is needed, the temporary support device can be removed in blocks according to the lifting capacity to facilitate the turnover of the temporary support device.

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