CN116288806A - Method for preparing antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber - Google Patents
Method for preparing antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN116288806A CN116288806A CN202310435280.8A CN202310435280A CN116288806A CN 116288806 A CN116288806 A CN 116288806A CN 202310435280 A CN202310435280 A CN 202310435280A CN 116288806 A CN116288806 A CN 116288806A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
- D01D11/06—Coating with spinning solutions or melts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/152—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/165—Ethers
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber, which adopts nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles as antibacterial and antiseptic materials, and the mixture of the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide can produce a synergistic effect to enhance the antibacterial and antiseptic functions and the like; and the prepared superfine fiber is cured after stretching and shaping to improve the antibacterial and antiseptic properties, the curing method can adopt ultraviolet irradiation, and the surface of the superfine fiber is coated with tea tree extract after ultraviolet irradiation, and the tea tree extract contains tea polyphenol, catechin and other components, has the functions of resisting oxidation, bacteria, inflammation and the like, and can be used for antibacterial and antiseptic treatment of the fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polyester-nylon superfine fiber, in particular to a method for preparing antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber.
Background
The polyester-nylon superfine fiber is fiber with very small diameter, which is prepared from terylene as raw material, and the diameter is generally between 0.1 and 0.5 micron. The superfine fiber has a wide application prospect due to high specific surface area and good softness, and the main application fields of the polyester-nylon superfine fiber include: filtering material: the polyester-nylon superfine fiber has very small diameter and excellent filtering performance, and can be used for manufacturing high-efficiency filtering materials such as air filters, water treatment filter cores and the like; functional textile: the polyester-nylon superfine fiber can be made into superfine fiber fabrics, has good air permeability and comfort, and can be used for manufacturing functional textiles such as high-grade face cleaning cloth, compression mask and the like; medical and hygienic products: the polyester-nylon superfine fiber can be made into medical and health products such as protective clothing, masks and the like, and has good protective performance and air permeability; filling material: the polyester-nylon superfine fiber can be made into superfine fiber filler, has excellent heat preservation performance and softness, and can be used for manufacturing high-grade bedding articles, clothing filler materials and the like.
Chinese patent: an antibacterial antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber of nanometer zinc oxide of CN202211176020.5 and a preparation process thereof, comprising polyester-nylon fiber, imitated silk fiber and nanometer zinc oxide particle gel liquid; the polyester-nylon fiber and the imitated silk fiber are adhered to the nano zinc oxide particle gel solution and then combined to form the polyester-nylon composite fiber, when the polyester-nylon fiber is processed into the composite fiber, a groove for bearing the nano zinc oxide particle gel solution is formed at the combining point of the fiber, so that the combining point is immersed in the nano zinc oxide particle gel solution of the groove, before twisting and combining, the nano zinc oxide particles enter into a crack between two groups of fibers, so that the nano zinc oxide particles are tightly clamped by the two groups of fibers, and the polyester-nylon fiber after the composite fiber can still well ensure the antibacterial and antiseptic effect.
If the antibacterial and antiseptic effects are required to be added into the polyester-nylon superfine fibers in the above patent and the prior art, nano zinc oxide particles are mostly added, but the dispersibility and stability of the polyester-nylon superfine fibers are weak, and the durability of the polyester-nylon superfine fibers is low due to the fact that the polyester-nylon superfine fibers are continuously used by a single material, and when the polyester-nylon superfine fibers are made into superfine fiber fillers or some life long-term textile products, the function durability is weak, so that the antibacterial and antiseptic effects are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the defects, the invention provides a method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting raw materials: polyester fiber and polyamide fiber are adopted as main raw materials, and nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles are adopted as antibacterial and anticorrosive materials, wherein the ratio is as follows: every 100 parts of polyester fiber and polyamide fiber, 18 to 24 parts of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles are selected, and the particle size is 4 to 7nm;
s2, preparation of a solution: respectively dissolving the polyester fiber and the polyamide fiber in the S1 in corresponding organic solvents to form a polyester fiber solution and a polyamide fiber solution; then mixing nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles, adding a surfactant into the mixture and mixing the mixture to form an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture; adding a mixture of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles into a polyester fiber solution, and stirring by adopting a stirring tank;
s3, blending and spinning: blending a polyester fiber solution containing the antibacterial and antiseptic mixture in S2 with a polyamide fiber solution to form a polymer solution, and adopting wet spinning equipment to prepare the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber;
s4, stretching and shaping: introducing the fiber obtained after spinning in the step S3 into stretching and shaping equipment for stretching and shaping, and utilizing an auxiliary stretching device A to assist the stretching process;
s5, post-treatment: the post-treatment processes such as dyeing, finishing and the like are carried out on the fibers after the S4 shaping, so that the appearance quality and the service performance of the fibers are improved;
s6, carrying out quality inspection on the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber prepared in the step S5, and also carrying out stretching detection on the fiber by using an auxiliary stretching device A, packaging qualified fiber and preparing the fiber from a factory.
Preferably, the organic solvent in S2 is an ester solvent or a ketone solvent;
polyester fiber is dissolved in an ester solvent, and a hot-melting method is utilized: cutting polyester fiber, adding the cut polyester fiber into corresponding organic solvents, heating the cut polyester fiber to be dissolved, and stirring the cut polyester fiber, wherein the proportion is 1:1.5 to 2.0; the polyamide fiber is dissolved in ketone solvent, and the ratio is 1 by using a hot melting method: 3 to 4.
Preferably, the surfactant in S2 is sodium dodecyl sulfate at a concentration of 0.1mg/mL.
Preferably, the wet spinning device parameter control range described in S3: rotational speed: 2000-10000 rpm; electric field strength and direction: 0-10 kV/cm; operating temperature and humidity: 20-35 ℃ and 30-60% RH; the processing steps are as follows:
(1) Adding an auxiliary agent: adding a salt auxiliary agent into the polymer solution in the step S1 to adjust the surface tension and viscosity of the polymer, wherein the salt auxiliary agent is 6% -9%;
(2) Spinning: injecting the polymer solution added with the salt auxiliary agent in the step (1) into a spinning machine, ejecting the solution through a nozzle of the spinning machine to form fine liquid drops, and solidifying the liquid drops in air to form nanofibers;
(3) Fixing fibers: during the spinning process, the nanofibers in step (2) may be deposited and immobilized on the collector;
(4) And (3) treating fibers: post-treating the nanofibers immobilized in step (3) to improve the physical and chemical properties of the fibers;
(5) Collecting fibers: collecting the treated nanofibers.
Preferably, the stretch-setting apparatus parameters described in S4:
stretching speed: 0.1-10 mm/min; stretching temperature: 150-200 ℃; stretching ratio: 1-5; setting temperature and time: 10-60 ℃ and 30 min-2 h; heating rate: less than 10 ℃/min; the heating mode is as follows: the stream is heated.
Preferably, after the stretching and shaping in S4, the nanofiber may be cured, and the curing steps are as follows:
a, coating a photo-curing agent: dissolving a light curing agent in a solvent or directly coating the light curing agent on the surface of the fiber to enable the light curing agent to fully penetrate into the fiber;
b, irradiating ultraviolet rays: placing the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent under an ultraviolet radiation source for ultraviolet irradiation;
c, cooling: after the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the fiber is subjected to a cooling treatment to fix its solidified state and shape
d, cutting: cutting the solidified fiber to prepare the required fiber shape and length;
and e, surface treatment: and (3) carrying out surface treatment on the superfine fiber after the curing treatment, and coating plant extracts.
Preferably, the plant extract is tea tree extract, and is coated in a coil coating manner, and is subjected to drying treatment after being coated.
Preferably, the auxiliary stretching device comprises a fixing frame for supporting, a transmission mechanism arranged at the left end of the fixing frame, a sliding frame arranged at the inner upper end of the fixing frame, guide wheels arranged at the four ends of the sliding frame and attached to the fixing frame, a supporting plate arranged at the top of the sliding frame, a support arm fixedly arranged at the four ends of the fixing frame, a guide roller arranged at the inner side of the support arm and used for guiding fibers, a supporting rod arranged at the inner upper end of the fixing frame, and a moving mechanism penetrated by the supporting rod and connected with the supporting rod, wherein guide grooves are formed in the front and rear positions of the inner upper end of the fixing frame, and four groups of guide wheels are movably embedded in the guide grooves.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor arranged at the inner left end of the fixing frame, a driving belt pulley connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, a synchronous belt arranged at the outer side of the driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley arranged at the other end of the synchronous belt, a transmission shaft arranged at the middle part of the driven belt pulley, a swing rod connected with the top of the transmission shaft, a pulling piece arranged at the other end of the swing rod, a connecting rod arranged at the top of the pulling piece and a pulling rod arranged at the other end of the connecting rod;
the top of the transmission shaft penetrates through the shaft seat to be connected with the swing rod, the shaft seat is connected to the left side of the fixing frame, the outer side of the pulling piece is integrally formed with a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding frame, and the other end of the pulling rod is connected with the moving mechanism.
Preferably, the moving mechanism comprises a bracket penetrated by the support rod, a pulley arranged at the inner upper end of the bracket and attached to the support rod, a contact plate arranged at the bottom of the bracket, and a pulling piece connected with the upper end and the lower end of the bracket, wherein the middle part of the left end of the bracket is connected with the pulling rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention selects nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles as antibacterial and antiseptic materials,
the mixture of the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide can produce a synergistic effect, enhance the functions of antibiosis, corrosion resistance and the like, and particularly, the following effects can be realized by the mixture of the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide:
broad-spectrum antibacterial: the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide have different sterilization mechanisms, and the mixed use can have an antibacterial effect on wider strains;
long-acting antibacterial: the antibacterial effect of the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide can be mutually enhanced and prolonged, so that the long-acting antibacterial effect is realized;
stability is improved: the stability of the material can be improved due to the different stability of the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide, and the decomposition and the failure of the material are prevented;
and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate is added into the mixture of the two to increase the dispersibility and the stability of the mixture, so that the mixture is prevented from being easily aggregated and precipitated, and the performance of the mixture is prevented from being reduced or disabled.
The prepared superfine fiber is cured after stretching and shaping to improve the antibacterial and antiseptic performance, ultraviolet irradiation can be adopted in the curing treatment method, and the surface of the superfine fiber is coated with tea tree extracts after ultraviolet irradiation, wherein the tea tree extracts contain tea polyphenol, catechin and other components, have the functions of resisting oxidation, bacteria, inflammation and the like, and can be used for antibacterial and antiseptic treatment of the fiber.
According to the invention, the auxiliary stretching device A is used for assisting in the stretching process and the subsequent detection process, an independent motor is arranged in the device for driving, so that the internal transmission mechanism is driven to transmit, the internal belt wheel group and the connecting rod assembly of the transmission mechanism transmit, the plate inside the transmission mechanism and the moving mechanism can be driven to do relative motion at the same time, the left-right relative reciprocating motion is realized, the passing fiber is stretched or rubbed, the stability is high, the manual operation is reduced, and the stretching efficiency and the subsequent detection work efficiency are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an auxiliary stretching device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a moving mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sliding frame structure of the present invention.
Wherein: auxiliary stretching device-A, fixing frame-A1, transmission mechanism-A2, sliding frame-A3, guide wheel-A4, supporting plate-A4 a, supporting arm-A5, guide roller-A6, supporting rod-A7, moving mechanism-A8, driving motor-A21, driving pulley-A22, synchronous belt-A23, driven pulley-A24, transmission shaft-A25, swing rod-A26, pulling piece-A27, connecting rod-A28, pulling rod-A29, supporting frame-A81, pulley-A82, contact plate-A83 and pulling piece-A84.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, the following is explained in detail through specific examples.
Example 1
The antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber is prepared by the following method:
100 parts of polyester fiber and 100 parts of polyamide fiber are adopted, and 18 parts of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles with the particle size of 4nm are selected as antibacterial and anticorrosive materials;
the polyester fiber and the polyamide fiber are respectively dissolved in the corresponding ester solvent and ketone solvent, the polyester fiber is dissolved in the ester solvent, and a hot-melting method is utilized: cutting polyester fiber, adding the cut polyester fiber into corresponding organic solvents, heating the cut polyester fiber to be dissolved, and stirring the cut polyester fiber, wherein the proportion is 1:1.5; the polyamide fiber is dissolved in ketone solvent, and the ratio is 1 by using a hot melting method: 3, forming a polyester fiber solution and a polyamide fiber solution; mixing nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, and mixing the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide particles to form an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture; adding a mixture of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles into a polyester fiber solution, and stirring by adopting a stirring tank;
blending a polyester fiber solution containing an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture with a polyamide fiber solution to form a polymer solution, and adopting wet spinning equipment to prepare the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber;
parameter control range of wet spinning equipment: rotational speed: 4000rpm; electric field strength and direction: 5 kV/cm; operating temperature and humidity: 20 ℃ and 30% rh; the processing steps are as follows: adding a salt auxiliary agent into the polymer solution in the step S1 to adjust the surface tension and viscosity of the polymer, wherein the salt auxiliary agent is 6%; injecting the polymer solution added with the salt auxiliary agent into a spinning machine, ejecting the solution through a nozzle of the spinning machine to form fine liquid drops, and solidifying the liquid drops in air to form nanofibers; during the spinning process, the nanofiber may be deposited and immobilized on a collector; post-treating the immobilized nanofibers to improve the physical and chemical properties of the fibers; and finally collecting the treated nanofiber.
Introducing the fiber obtained after spinning into stretching and shaping equipment for stretching and shaping, and using an auxiliary stretching device A to assist in the stretching process, wherein parameters of the stretching and shaping equipment are as follows: stretching speed: 5mm/min; stretching temperature: 150 ℃; draw ratio 1:2; setting temperature and time: 40 ℃ and 1h; heating rate: less than 10 ℃/min; the heating mode is as follows: heating the flow;
after stretching and shaping, the nanofiber can be subjected to curing treatment, and the curing steps are as follows: dissolving a light curing agent in a solvent or directly coating the light curing agent on the surface of the fiber to enable the light curing agent to fully penetrate into the fiber; placing the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent under an ultraviolet radiation source for ultraviolet irradiation; irradiating ultraviolet rays: the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent is placed under an ultraviolet radiation source to be irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The ultraviolet irradiation can cause the photoinitiator in the photo-curing agent to generate free radicals, so that the free radicals can be polymerized with the monomers in the polymer, thereby realizing the curing of the fiber; selecting a suitable ultraviolet light source to control the wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet light, typically an ultraviolet lamp with a wavelength of 365 nm; selecting proper irradiation time to control the irradiation intensity and time of ultraviolet rays to be 5s; selecting a proper irradiation distance to control the irradiation intensity and depth of ultraviolet rays to be 2cm; selecting a suitable irradiation temperature to avoid thermal decomposition or sintering of the fibers, typically at room temperature; after the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the fiber is subjected to a cooling treatment to fix the solidification state and shape thereof; cutting the solidified fiber to prepare the required fiber shape and length; carrying out surface treatment on the superfine fiber after the curing treatment, and coating plant extracts; the plant extract is tea tree extract, and is coated by coil coating, and then is dried, and the coated fiber is subjected to detection and evaluation, such as antibacterial, antiseptic, washing and wear-resisting performance test, so as to determine the coating effect.
Post-treatment processes such as dyeing, finishing and the like are carried out on the shaped fiber, so that the appearance quality and the service performance of the fiber are improved;
the quality inspection is carried out on the antibacterial anti-corrosion polyester-nylon superfine fiber prepared by treatment, the fiber can be also subjected to stretching detection by utilizing an auxiliary stretching device A, and qualified fiber is packaged and ready for delivery;
the fiber antibacterial and antiseptic property detection flow comprises the following steps:
sample preparation: cutting, punching and the like are carried out on the fiber sample to be tested according to the requirements, so that the fiber sample to be tested meets the requirements of the test standard; culturing strains: selecting proper strains according to test requirements, and performing treatments such as culture, separation, purification and the like to obtain pure and active strains; and (3) coating: coating a plant extract coating on a fiber sample to be tested, and carrying out treatment such as dip coating, spray coating, coil coating and the like according to requirements; antibacterial and antiseptic performance test: and (3) contacting the coated fiber sample with a strain according to relevant standards, and performing antibacterial and antiseptic performance tests. The testing method comprises the following steps: the bacterial colony counting method is to drop bacterial colony onto the surface of sample, culture for certain period, count bacterial colony with bacterial colony counting board and evaluate the antibacterial performance of fiber.
According to the attached drawings 1-4 of the specification, the auxiliary stretching device A comprises a fixing frame A1 for supporting, a transmission mechanism A2 for driving the whole device is arranged at the left rear end of the fixing frame A1, the right upper end of the transmission mechanism A2 is respectively connected with a sliding frame A3 and a moving mechanism A8, a guide groove is formed in the front and rear positions of the upper end in the fixing frame A1, four groups of guide wheels A4 are movably embedded in the guide groove, the inner sides of the guide wheels A4 are in sliding connection with the sliding frame A3, the sliding frame moves in the fixing frame A1 along with the guide wheels, a supporting plate A4a is welded at the top ends of the sliding frame A3 through supporting columns, the top of the supporting plate A4a faces the moving mechanism A8, supporting arms A5 are welded at the front and rear positions of the left side and right side of the fixing frame A1, the inner sides of the two groups of supporting arms A5 are in rotary connection with guide rollers A6, the guide rollers can conveniently guide the entering and outputting fibers, two groups of supporting rods A7 are fixed at the upper back side of the fixing frame A1, the supporting rods A7 penetrate through the moving mechanism A8, and the two supporting rods are connected, and the moving mechanism can move on the supporting rods;
the transmission mechanism A2 comprises a driving motor A21 used for driving, the back of the driving motor A21 is fixed on a fixed frame through a bolt, the top output shaft of the driving motor is connected with a driving belt wheel A22, the outer side of the driving belt wheel A22 synchronously rotates with a driven belt wheel A24 through a synchronous belt A23, the middle part of the driven belt wheel A24 is connected with a transmission shaft A25, the top of the transmission shaft A25 penetrates through a shaft seat to be connected with a swinging rod A26, the shaft seat is connected to the left side of the fixed frame through a bolt, the other end of the swinging rod A26 is connected with a pulling piece A27, the outer side of the pulling piece A27 is integrally formed with a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding frame A3, the pushing of the sliding frame A3 is facilitated, the top of the pulling piece A27 is connected with a connecting rod A28, the other end of the top of the connecting rod A28 is hinged with a pulling rod A29, and the other end of the pulling rod A29 is connected with a moving mechanism A8, and the sliding mechanism A can be stably driven;
the moving mechanism A8 comprises a support A81 used for supporting and penetrated by two groups of support rods A7, the rear end of the support A81 is rotatably provided with four groups of pulleys A82, the outer sides of the pulleys are respectively attached to the outer sides of the support rods A7 and can slide on the surfaces of the support A7, the support A81 is L-shaped, the middle part of the left end of the support is hinged with a pulling rod A29 and can be driven by the action of the pulling rod A29, the upper end of the front end face of the support is hinged with a pulling piece A84, the other end of the pulling piece A84 is hinged to the front end of the top of the support, and a contact plate A83 opposite to the top of a supporting plate A4a is locked at the bottom of the support.
The specific implementation flow of the auxiliary stretching device A is as follows:
when auxiliary stretching of the fiber is needed or the fiber is detected, the fiber can be guided through the top of the contact plate A83 and the supporting plate A4a by the guide roller A6 and then guided out by the guide roller A6 at the rear end;
then a driving motor A21 is started to work, the driving motor drives a driving belt wheel A22 to rotate, a transmission shaft A25 in the middle of a driven belt wheel A24 starts to rotate through a synchronous belt A23 and then acts on a swinging rod A26, and a pulling piece and a connecting rod can move along with each other in the rotating process of the swinging rod A26, so that the connecting rod and the connecting rod respectively pull a contact plate A83 and a sliding frame A3 to move;
the sliding frame A3 can be guided by the guide wheel in the moving process, so that the supporting plate A4a at the top moves, the contact plate A83 moves through the pulley inside the support, the sliding frame A3 and the contact plate A move relatively, and the sliding frame A3 can pull and rub the passing fiber left and right, so that the stretching and subsequent detection are convenient.
Example two
The antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber is prepared by the following method:
100 parts of polyester fiber and 100 parts of polyamide fiber are adopted, and 24 parts of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles with the particle size of 7nm are respectively used as antibacterial and anticorrosive materials;
the polyester fiber and the polyamide fiber are respectively dissolved in the corresponding ester solvent and ketone solvent, the polyester fiber is dissolved in the ester solvent, and a hot-melting method is utilized: cutting polyester fiber, adding the cut polyester fiber into corresponding organic solvents, heating the cut polyester fiber to be dissolved, and stirring the cut polyester fiber, wherein the proportion is 1:2.0; the polyamide fiber is dissolved in ketone solvent, and the ratio is 1 by using a hot melting method: 4, forming a polyester fiber solution and a polyamide fiber solution; mixing nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, and mixing the nano silver particles and the nano zinc oxide particles to form an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture; adding a mixture of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles into a polyester fiber solution, and stirring by adopting a stirring tank;
blending a polyester fiber solution containing an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture with a polyamide fiber solution to form a polymer solution, and adopting wet spinning equipment to prepare the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber;
parameter control range of wet spinning equipment: rotational speed: 6000rpm; electric field strength and direction: 10 kV/cm; operating temperature and humidity: 35 ℃ and 60% rh; the processing steps are as follows: adding a salt auxiliary agent into the polymer solution in the step S1 to adjust the surface tension and viscosity of the polymer, wherein the salt auxiliary agent is 9%; injecting the polymer solution added with the salt auxiliary agent into a spinning machine, ejecting the solution through a nozzle of the spinning machine to form fine liquid drops, and solidifying the liquid drops in air to form nanofibers; during the spinning process, the nanofiber may be deposited and immobilized on a collector; post-treating the immobilized nanofibers to improve the physical and chemical properties of the fibers; and finally collecting the treated nanofiber.
Introducing the fiber obtained after spinning into stretching and shaping equipment for stretching and shaping, and using an auxiliary stretching device (A) to assist in the stretching process, wherein parameters of the stretching and shaping equipment are as follows: stretching speed: 8mm/min; stretching temperature: 200 ℃; draw ratio 1:4, a step of; setting temperature and time: 50 ℃ and 1.5h; heating rate: less than 10 ℃/min; the heating mode is as follows: heating the flow;
after stretching and shaping, the nanofiber can be subjected to curing treatment, and the curing steps are as follows: dissolving a light curing agent in a solvent or directly coating the light curing agent on the surface of the fiber to enable the light curing agent to fully penetrate into the fiber; placing the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent under an ultraviolet radiation source for ultraviolet irradiation; irradiating ultraviolet rays: the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent is placed under an ultraviolet radiation source to be irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The ultraviolet irradiation can cause the photoinitiator in the photo-curing agent to generate free radicals, so that the free radicals can be polymerized with the monomers in the polymer, thereby realizing the curing of the fiber; selecting a suitable ultraviolet light source to control the wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet light, typically an ultraviolet lamp with a wavelength of 365 nm; selecting proper irradiation time to control the irradiation intensity and time of ultraviolet rays to be 2s; selecting a proper irradiation distance to control the irradiation intensity and depth of ultraviolet rays to be 1cm; selecting a suitable irradiation temperature to avoid thermal decomposition or sintering of the fibers, typically at room temperature; after the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the fiber is subjected to a cooling treatment to fix the solidification state and shape thereof; cutting the solidified fiber to prepare the required fiber shape and length; carrying out surface treatment on the superfine fiber after the curing treatment, and coating plant extracts; the plant extract is tea tree extract, and is coated by coil coating, and then is dried, and the coated fiber is subjected to detection and evaluation, such as antibacterial, antiseptic, washing and wear-resisting performance test, so as to determine the coating effect.
The foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting raw materials: polyester fiber and polyamide fiber are adopted as main raw materials, and nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles are adopted as antibacterial and anticorrosive materials, wherein the ratio is as follows: every 100 parts of polyester fiber and polyamide fiber, 18 to 24 parts of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles are selected, and the particle size is 4 to 7nm;
s2, preparation of a solution: respectively dissolving the polyester fiber and the polyamide fiber in the S1 in corresponding organic solvents to form a polyester fiber solution and a polyamide fiber solution; then mixing nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles, adding a surfactant into the mixture and mixing the mixture to form an antibacterial and antiseptic mixture; adding a mixture of nano silver particles and nano zinc oxide particles into a polyester fiber solution, and stirring by adopting a stirring tank;
s3, blending and spinning: blending a polyester fiber solution containing the antibacterial and antiseptic mixture in S2 with a polyamide fiber solution to form a polymer solution, and adopting wet spinning equipment to prepare the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber;
s4, stretching and shaping: introducing the fiber obtained after spinning in the step S3 into stretching and shaping equipment for stretching and shaping, and utilizing an auxiliary stretching device (A) to assist in the stretching process;
s5, post-treatment: the post-treatment processes such as dyeing, finishing and the like are carried out on the fibers after the S4 shaping, so that the appearance quality and the service performance of the fibers are improved;
s6, carrying out quality inspection on the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber prepared in the step S5, and also carrying out stretching detection on the fiber by using an auxiliary stretching device (A), packaging qualified fiber, and preparing the fiber to leave a factory.
2. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic solvent in S2 adopts an ester solvent and a ketone solvent;
polyester fiber is dissolved in an ester solvent, and a hot-melting method is utilized: cutting polyester fiber, adding the cut polyester fiber into corresponding organic solvents, heating the cut polyester fiber to be dissolved, and stirring the cut polyester fiber, wherein the proportion is 1:1.5 to 2.0; the polyamide fiber is dissolved in ketone solvent, and the ratio is 1 by using a hot melting method: 3 to 4.
3. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the surfactant in S2 adopts sodium dodecyl sulfate with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL.
4. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: parameter control range of wet spinning equipment described in S3: rotational speed: 2000-10000 rpm; electric field strength and direction: 0-10 kV/cm; operating temperature and humidity: 20-35 ℃ and 30-60% RH; the processing steps are as follows:
(1) Adding an auxiliary agent: adding a salt auxiliary agent into the polymer solution in the step S1 to adjust the surface tension and viscosity of the polymer, wherein the salt auxiliary agent is 6% -9%;
(2) Spinning: injecting the polymer solution added with the salt auxiliary agent in the step (1) into a spinning machine, ejecting the solution through a nozzle of the spinning machine to form fine liquid drops, and solidifying the liquid drops in air to form nanofibers;
(3) Fixing fibers: during the spinning process, the nanofibers in step (2) may be deposited and immobilized on the collector;
(4) And (3) treating fibers: post-treating the nanofibers immobilized in step (3) to improve the physical and chemical properties of the fibers;
(5) Collecting fibers: collecting the treated nanofibers.
5. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: parameters of the stretching and shaping equipment described in S4:
stretching speed: 0.1-10 mm/min; stretching temperature: 150-200 ℃; stretching ratio: 1-5; setting temperature and time: 10-60 ℃ and 30 min-2 h; heating rate: less than 10 ℃/min; the heating mode is as follows: the stream is heated.
6. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and S4, curing the nanofiber after stretching and shaping, wherein the curing steps are as follows:
a, coating a photo-curing agent: dissolving a light curing agent in a solvent or directly coating the light curing agent on the surface of the fiber to enable the light curing agent to fully penetrate into the fiber;
b, irradiating ultraviolet rays: placing the fiber coated with the photo-curing agent under an ultraviolet radiation source for ultraviolet irradiation;
c, cooling: after the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the fiber is subjected to a cooling treatment to fix its solidified state and shape
d, cutting: cutting the solidified fiber to prepare the required fiber shape and length;
and e, surface treatment: and (3) carrying out surface treatment on the superfine fiber after the curing treatment, and coating plant extracts.
7. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the plant extract is tea tree extract, and is coated in a coil coating mode, and is subjected to drying treatment after being coated.
8. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary stretching device (A) comprises a fixing frame (A1) for supporting, a transmission mechanism (A2) arranged at the left end of the fixing frame (A1), a sliding frame (A3) arranged at the inner upper end of the fixing frame (A1), guide wheels (A4) arranged at the four ends of the sliding frame (A3) and attached to the fixing frame (A1), a supporting plate (A4 a) arranged at the top of the sliding frame (A3), a supporting arm (A5) fixedly arranged at the four ends of the fixing frame, a guide roller (A6) arranged at the inner side of the supporting arm and used for guiding fibers, a supporting rod (A7) arranged at the inner upper end of the fixing frame (A1), and a moving mechanism (A8) penetrated by the supporting rod (A7) and connected with the supporting rod (A7), wherein guide grooves are formed in the front and rear positions of the inner upper end of the fixing frame (A1), and four groups of guide wheels (A4) are movably embedded in the guide grooves.
9. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the transmission mechanism (A2) comprises a driving motor (A21) arranged at the left end in the fixing frame (A1), a driving belt wheel (A22) connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (A21), a synchronous belt (A23) arranged at the outer side of the driving belt wheel (A22), a driven belt wheel (A24) arranged at the other end in the synchronous belt (A23), a transmission shaft (A25) arranged in the middle of the driven belt wheel (A24), a swing rod (A26) connected with the top of the transmission shaft (A25), a pulling piece (A27) arranged at the other end of the swing rod (A26), a connecting rod (A28) arranged at the top of the pulling piece (A27) and a pulling rod (A29) arranged at the other end of the connecting rod (A28);
the top of the transmission shaft (A25) penetrates through the shaft seat to be connected with the swing rod (A26), the shaft seat is connected to the left side of the fixing frame (A1), the outer side of the pulling piece (A27) is integrally formed with a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding frame (A3), and the other end of the pulling rod (A29) is connected with the moving mechanism (A8).
10. The method for preparing the antibacterial and antiseptic polyester-nylon superfine fiber according to claim 9, which is characterized in that: the moving mechanism (A8) comprises a support (A81) penetrated by the support rod (A7), a pulley (A82) arranged at the inner upper end of the support (A81) and attached to the support rod (A71), a contact plate (A83) arranged at the bottom of the support (A81) and a pulling piece (A84) connected to the upper end and the lower end of the support (A71), wherein the middle part of the left end of the support (A71) is connected with the pulling rod (A29).
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| JPH05117547A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-14 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Ultraviolet-curing type coating |
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