CN116287584A - Large-radian gear rack machining process - Google Patents
Large-radian gear rack machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116287584A CN116287584A CN202211664432.3A CN202211664432A CN116287584A CN 116287584 A CN116287584 A CN 116287584A CN 202211664432 A CN202211664432 A CN 202211664432A CN 116287584 A CN116287584 A CN 116287584A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology of a large-radian gear rack, which comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment; step two, normalizing treatment; step three, blank processing; step four, molding and processing; fifth, heat treatment is carried out after the preparation; step six, aging treatment; according to the invention, the oxidation layer and impurities on the surface of the raw material are removed before processing through pretreatment, so that the influence of the residual oxidation layer and impurities on the later processing process is avoided, and the production quality of the gear rack is improved; the material is normalized before rough machining, so that the physical properties of the material are optimized, the machinability of the material is improved, the difficulty of later machining is reduced, and the production qualification rate of the gear rack is improved; after processing, the crystal structure inside the part is changed through aging treatment, the hardness of the gear rack is enhanced, the residual stress in the part is eliminated, and the gear rack is prevented from deforming in the use process, so that the service life of the gear rack after processing is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining of mechanical accessories, in particular to a machining process of a large-radian gear rack.
Background
The gear is a mechanical element with teeth on the rim, which can continuously mesh and transmit motion and power, and is a mechanical part with teeth which can mesh with each other, the rack is a special gear with teeth distributed on the strip body, and the rack is also divided into a straight tooth rack and an oblique tooth rack which are respectively matched with the straight tooth cylindrical gear and the oblique tooth cylindrical gear for use; the tooth profile of the rack is a straight line instead of an involute, which is equivalent to a cylindrical gear with an infinite reference circle radius, the existing processing technology of the rack and the pinion basically can meet the use requirements of people, but has the defect of a certain pipe; secondly, the existing processing technology of the gear rack lacks a heat treatment process for materials before rough machining, and the difficulty of machining can be increased due to the fact that the surface hardness of the materials is too high, so that the qualification rate of machining production is affected; thirdly, the existing processing technology of the gear rack does not carry out aging treatment on the parts after machining, and after the gear rack with large radian is machined, the residual stress in the parts can cause the parts to deform in the use process, so that the service life of the machined gear rack is shortened; it is therefore necessary to design a large arc rack and pinion machining process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing technology of a large-radian gear rack, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the processing technology of the large-radian gear rack comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment; step two, normalizing treatment; step three, blank processing; step four, molding and processing; fifth, heat treatment is carried out after the preparation; step six, aging treatment;
in the first step, the raw materials of the gear and the rack are put into a cleaning tank for pickling treatment, then clean water is used for cleaning the surface of the raw materials, repeated flushing is carried out, polishing and cleaning are carried out after repeated flushing, the raw materials are put into a dryer for drying treatment after polishing and cleaning, and clean gear raw materials and clean rack raw materials are respectively obtained after drying treatment for standby;
in the second step, the clean gear raw material and the clean rack raw material obtained in the first step are respectively put into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated for the first time, primary standing is carried out after the primary heating, the vacuum furnace is heated for the second time after the primary standing, secondary standing is carried out after the secondary heating, the gear processing material and the rack processing material are respectively obtained after cooling in air after the secondary standing, and the gear processing material and the rack processing material are reserved;
in the third step, the gear processing material and the rack processing material obtained in the second step are respectively subjected to rough processing, and after the rough processing, processing scraps on the surface are removed to respectively obtain a rough processing gear and a rough processing rack for standby;
in the fourth step, the rough machining gear and the rough machining rack obtained in the third step are respectively subjected to semi-finishing treatment, tooth shapes are formed on the gear by using a gear shaping machine after semi-finishing, tooth shapes are formed on the rack by using a milling machine at the same time, then the gear and the rack after semi-finishing are respectively subjected to finishing treatment, and a finished gear and a finished rack are respectively obtained after finishing treatment for standby;
in the fifth step, the finished gear and the finished rack obtained in the fourth step are respectively placed into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated, heat preservation treatment is carried out after the temperature is raised, argon is continuously introduced into the vacuum furnace in the heat preservation process, the furnace is cooled after the heat preservation treatment, and the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack are respectively obtained after the cooling;
and in the sixth step, the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack obtained in the fifth step are respectively placed into a heat preservation chamber for primary heat preservation treatment, then the temperature of the heat preservation chamber is increased, then secondary heat preservation treatment is carried out, and the gear and the rack with large radian are obtained after secondary heat preservation and cooling.
Preferably, in the first step, the pickling solution used in the pickling treatment is a hydrogen chloride solution with a concentration of 5%, the pickling treatment time is 10-15 min, the flushing solution used in the repeated flushing is a sodium bicarbonate solution with a concentration of 15%, and the repeated flushing rule is as follows: the flushing liquid is used for continuously flushing for 3min every 5min, the operation is repeated for 3 times, the temperature in the dryer is 75-78 ℃ during the drying treatment, and the drying treatment time is 60-65 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the temperature rising rate of the primary temperature rising is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature of the primary temperature rising is raised to 418-422 ℃, the primary standing temperature is 418-422 ℃, and the primary standing time is 100-120 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the temperature rising rate of the secondary temperature rising is 6-7 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 528-532 ℃ by the secondary temperature rising, the temperature during the secondary standing is 528-532 ℃, the time of the secondary standing is 600-650 min, and the temperature is lowered to 30-65 ℃ by cooling in air after the secondary standing.
Preferably, in the third step, the gear processing material is rough processed in the following steps: firstly, machining a shaft hole by taking the outer circle surface of a machining material as a rough reference, and then turning the outer circle by taking the shaft hole as a reference, wherein the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after rough machining is 6mm, and the machining allowance of the end surface of the gear is 3.5mm; the rough machining process of the rack machining material is as follows: firstly, a back tooth surface is machined by taking the tooth surface as a rough reference, then the back tooth surface is used as a reference to machine the tooth surface, and the surface allowance of the rack after rough machining is 8mm.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after semi-finishing is 0.6mm, the machining allowance of the end face of the gear is 0.35mm, and the surface allowance of the rack after semi-finishing is 0.4mm.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the temperature rising rate of the vacuum furnace is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 516-521 ℃, then the heat preservation treatment is carried out for 480-520 min at the temperature of 516-521 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to 30-65 ℃ along with furnace cooling.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the temperature of the primary heat preservation treatment is 168-172 ℃, the time of the primary heat preservation is 90-100 min, the temperature rising rate of the subsequent heat preservation chamber is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature rising is raised to 198-202 ℃, the temperature of the secondary heat preservation is 198-202 ℃, and the time of the secondary heat preservation is 280-300 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the large-radian rack and pinion machining process, before machining, hydrogen chloride solution and sodium bicarbonate solution are used for carrying out acid washing treatment and repeated flushing on raw materials respectively, and then polishing and cleaning are carried out to remove oxide layers and impurities on the surfaces of the raw materials, so that the influence on the subsequent machining process is avoided, and the production quality of racks and pinions is improved; the material is normalized before rough machining, so that the physical properties of the material are optimized, and the machinability of the material is improved, thereby reducing the difficulty of later machining and improving the production qualification rate of the gear rack; after machining, the crystal structure inside the part is changed by carrying out heat preservation on the gear rack twice, the hardness of the gear rack is enhanced, the residual stress in the part is eliminated, and the gear rack is prevented from deforming in the use process, so that the service life of the gear rack after machining is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: the processing technology of the large-radian gear rack comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment; step two, normalizing treatment; step three, blank processing; step four, molding and processing; fifth, heat treatment is carried out after the preparation; step six, aging treatment;
in the first step, the raw materials of the gear and the rack are put into a cleaning tank for acid cleaning, the acid cleaning liquid used in the acid cleaning is hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 5%, the time of the acid cleaning is 10-15 min, then clean water is used for cleaning the surface of the raw materials, repeated flushing is carried out, the flushing liquid used in the repeated flushing is sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 15%, and the rule of repeated flushing is as follows: continuously flushing with flushing liquid for 3min at intervals of 5min, repeating the operation for 3 times, polishing and cleaning after repeated flushing, putting the cleaned materials into a dryer for drying treatment, wherein the temperature in the dryer is 75-78 ℃ during the drying treatment, the drying treatment time is 60-65 min, and respectively obtaining clean gear raw materials and clean rack raw materials after the drying treatment for later use;
in the second step, the clean gear raw material and the clean rack raw material obtained in the first step are respectively put into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated for the first time, the heating rate of the first heating is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 418-422 ℃, the first standing is carried out after the first heating, the temperature of the first standing is 418-422 ℃, the time of the first standing is 100-120 min, the vacuum furnace is heated for the second time after the first standing, the heating rate of the second heating is 6-7 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 528-532 ℃, the second standing is carried out after the second heating, the temperature during the second standing is 528-532 ℃, the time of the second standing is 600-650 min, the second standing is put into air for cooling, the temperature is reduced to 30-65 ℃, and the gear processing material and the rack processing material are respectively obtained after cooling for standby;
in the third step, the gear processing material and the rack processing material obtained in the second step are respectively subjected to rough processing, and the process of rough processing the gear processing material is as follows: firstly, machining a shaft hole by taking the outer circle surface of a machining material as a rough reference, and then turning the outer circle by taking the shaft hole as a reference, wherein the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after rough machining is 6mm, and the machining allowance of the end surface of the gear is 3.5mm; the rough machining process of the rack machining material is as follows: firstly, a back tooth surface is machined by taking the tooth surface as a rough reference, then the back tooth surface is used as a reference to machine the tooth surface, and the surface allowance of the rack after rough machining is 8mm; removing machining scraps on the surface after rough machining treatment to respectively obtain a rough machined gear and a rough machined rack for standby;
in the fourth step, the rough machining gear and the rough machining rack obtained in the third step are respectively subjected to semi-finishing treatment, the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after semi-finishing is 0.6mm, the machining allowance of the end face of the gear is 0.35mm, and the surface allowance of the rack after semi-finishing is 0.4mm; after semi-finishing, a gear shaping machine is used for shaping the gear on the gear, a milling machine is used for shaping the gear on the rack at the same time, then the gear and the rack after semi-finishing are respectively subjected to finishing treatment, and a finished gear and a finished rack are respectively obtained after finishing treatment for standby;
in the fifth step, the finished gear and the finished rack obtained in the fourth step are respectively placed into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated, the heating rate of the vacuum furnace is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 516-521 ℃, the heat preservation treatment is carried out for 480-520 min at the temperature of 516-521 ℃ after the heating, argon is continuously introduced into the vacuum furnace in the heat preservation process, the temperature is reduced to 30-65 ℃ along with furnace cooling after the heat preservation treatment, and the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack are respectively obtained after the cooling;
in the sixth step, the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack obtained in the fifth step are respectively placed into a heat preservation chamber for primary heat preservation treatment, the temperature of the primary heat preservation treatment is 168-172 ℃, the time of the primary heat preservation is 90-100 min, then the temperature of the heat preservation chamber is increased, the temperature increasing rate of the heat preservation chamber is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 198-202 ℃, then secondary heat preservation treatment is carried out, the temperature of the secondary heat preservation is 198-202 ℃, the time of the secondary heat preservation is 280-300 min, and the gear rack with large radian is obtained after the secondary heat preservation and cooling.
Based on the above, the method has the advantages that the hydrogen chloride solution and the sodium bicarbonate solution are respectively used for carrying out acid washing treatment and repeated flushing on the raw materials before processing, and then polishing and cleaning are carried out to remove oxide layers and impurities on the surfaces of the raw materials, so that the influence on the subsequent processing process is avoided, and the production quality of racks and pinions is improved; the material is normalized before rough machining, so that the physical properties of the material are optimized, and the machinability of the material is improved, thereby reducing the difficulty of later machining and improving the production qualification rate of the gear rack; after machining, the crystal structure inside the part is changed by carrying out heat preservation on the gear rack twice, the hardness of the gear rack is enhanced, the residual stress in the part is eliminated, and the gear rack is prevented from deforming in the use process, so that the service life of the gear rack after machining is prolonged.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. The processing technology of the large-radian gear rack comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment; step two, normalizing treatment; step three, blank processing; step four, molding and processing; fifth, heat treatment is carried out after the preparation; step six, aging treatment; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, the raw materials of the gear and the rack are put into a cleaning tank for pickling treatment, then clean water is used for cleaning the surface of the raw materials, repeated flushing is carried out, polishing and cleaning are carried out after repeated flushing, the raw materials are put into a dryer for drying treatment after polishing and cleaning, and clean gear raw materials and clean rack raw materials are respectively obtained after drying treatment for standby;
in the second step, the clean gear raw material and the clean rack raw material obtained in the first step are respectively put into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated for the first time, primary standing is carried out after the primary heating, the vacuum furnace is heated for the second time after the primary standing, secondary standing is carried out after the secondary heating, the gear processing material and the rack processing material are respectively obtained after cooling in air after the secondary standing, and the gear processing material and the rack processing material are reserved;
in the third step, the gear processing material and the rack processing material obtained in the second step are respectively subjected to rough processing, and after the rough processing, processing scraps on the surface are removed to respectively obtain a rough processing gear and a rough processing rack for standby;
in the fourth step, the rough machining gear and the rough machining rack obtained in the third step are respectively subjected to semi-finishing treatment, tooth shapes are formed on the gear by using a gear shaping machine after semi-finishing, tooth shapes are formed on the rack by using a milling machine at the same time, then the gear and the rack after semi-finishing are respectively subjected to finishing treatment, and a finished gear and a finished rack are respectively obtained after finishing treatment for standby;
in the fifth step, the finished gear and the finished rack obtained in the fourth step are respectively placed into a vacuum furnace, then the vacuum furnace is heated, heat preservation treatment is carried out after the temperature is raised, argon is continuously introduced into the vacuum furnace in the heat preservation process, the furnace is cooled after the heat preservation treatment, and the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack are respectively obtained after the cooling;
and in the sixth step, the heat treatment gear and the heat treatment rack obtained in the fifth step are respectively placed into a heat preservation chamber for primary heat preservation treatment, then the temperature of the heat preservation chamber is increased, then secondary heat preservation treatment is carried out, and the gear and the rack with large radian are obtained after secondary heat preservation and cooling.
2. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the pickling solution used in the pickling treatment is a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 5%, the pickling treatment time is 10-15 min, the flushing solution used in the repeated flushing is a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 15%, and the repeated flushing rule is as follows: the flushing liquid is used for continuously flushing for 3min every 5min, the operation is repeated for 3 times, the temperature in the dryer is 75-78 ℃ during the drying treatment, and the drying treatment time is 60-65 min.
3. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the temperature rising rate of the primary temperature rising is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature of the primary temperature rising is raised to 418-422 ℃, the primary standing temperature is 418-422 ℃, and the primary standing time is 100-120 min.
4. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the temperature rising rate of the secondary temperature rising is 6-7 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 528-532 ℃ by the secondary temperature rising, the temperature during secondary standing is 528-532 ℃, the time of the secondary standing is 600-650 min, and the temperature is lowered to 30-65 ℃ by cooling in air after the secondary standing.
5. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the gear processing material is roughly processed in the following steps: firstly, machining a shaft hole by taking the outer circle surface of a machining material as a rough reference, and then turning the outer circle by taking the shaft hole as a reference, wherein the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after rough machining is 6mm, and the machining allowance of the end surface of the gear is 3.5mm; the rough machining process of the rack machining material is as follows: firstly, a back tooth surface is machined by taking the tooth surface as a rough reference, then the back tooth surface is used as a reference to machine the tooth surface, and the surface allowance of the rack after rough machining is 8mm.
6. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the machining allowance of the diameter of the gear after semi-finishing is 0.6mm, the machining allowance of the end face of the gear is 0.35mm, and the surface allowance of the rack after semi-finishing is 0.4mm.
7. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the temperature rising rate of the vacuum furnace is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 516-521 ℃, then the heat preservation treatment is carried out for 480-520 min at the temperature of 516-521 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to 30-65 ℃ along with furnace cooling.
8. The large arc rack and pinion machining process of claim 1, wherein: in the step six, the temperature of the primary heat preservation treatment is 168-172 ℃, the time of the primary heat preservation is 90-100 min, the heating rate of the subsequent heat preservation chamber is 4-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 198-202 ℃, the temperature of the secondary heat preservation is 198-202 ℃, and the time of the secondary heat preservation is 280-300 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211664432.3A CN116287584A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Large-radian gear rack machining process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211664432.3A CN116287584A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Large-radian gear rack machining process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116287584A true CN116287584A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| CN202211664432.3A Pending CN116287584A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Large-radian gear rack machining process |
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| CN (1) | CN116287584A (en) |
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- 2022-12-23 CN CN202211664432.3A patent/CN116287584A/en active Pending
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