CN102211270A - Process for manufacturing high-precision titanium and titanium alloy tube - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing high-precision titanium and titanium alloy tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102211270A CN102211270A CN 201110084033 CN201110084033A CN102211270A CN 102211270 A CN102211270 A CN 102211270A CN 201110084033 CN201110084033 CN 201110084033 CN 201110084033 A CN201110084033 A CN 201110084033A CN 102211270 A CN102211270 A CN 102211270A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- electrolyte
- tube
- ingot
- base
- Prior art date
Links
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound 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[Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910001069 Ti alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005868 electrolysis reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003792 electrolytes Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229910001614 zinc oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw materials Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium chloride Chemical compound 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Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011956 aluminium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanol Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nODVweCcgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NXB4JyB2aWV3Qm94PScwIDAgODUgODUnPgo8IS0tIEVORCBPRiBIRUFERVIgLS0+CjxyZWN0IHN0eWxlPSdvcGFjaXR5OjEuMDtmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmUnIHdpZHRoPSc4NScgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NScgeD0nMCcgeT0nMCc+IDwvcmVjdD4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMCcgZD0nTSAzLjM2MzY0LDQ0LjI4IEwgMjYuNDE4NiwzNC40Njk1JyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojM0I0MTQzO3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoycHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMScgZD0nTSAyNi40MTg2LDM0LjQ2OTUgTCA0Ni40NDIzLDQ5LjUzMDUnIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOm5vbmU7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7c3Ryb2tlOiMzQjQxNDM7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjJweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxJyAvPgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0yJyBkPSdNIDQ2LjQ0MjMsNDkuNTMwNSBMIDU2LjAxOTcsNDUuNDU1JyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojM0I0MTQzO3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoycHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMicgZD0nTSA1Ni4wMTk3LDQ1LjQ1NSBMIDY1LjU5Nyw0MS4zNzk2JyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojRTg0MjM1O3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoycHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHRleHQgZG9taW5hbnQtYmFzZWxpbmU9ImNlbnRyYWwiIHRleHQtYW5jaG9yPSJzdGFydCIgeD0nNjYuNDMyMicgeT0nNDAuOTcyNycgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo4cHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7ZmlsbDojRTg0MjM1JyA+PHRzcGFuPk9IPC90c3Bhbj48L3RleHQ+Cjwvc3ZnPgo= CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for manufacturing a high-precision titanium and titanium alloy tube. The process comprises the following steps: sorting, smelting, forging, rod processing, rolling a tube, mechanical grinding, electrolysis compound polishing, and the like. By using the process, the problem that a mirror surface cannot be realized because of the surface precision and roughness of the titanium and titanium alloy tube is solved, the surface average roughness of the titanium and titanium alloy tube can approximate 0.03 mu m, the corrosion resistance of the tube can be increased with the help of an oxidation film formed on the surface, and an excellent foundation is established for widely applying the titanium and titanium alloy tube to medical apparatus and instruments, cultural and sports products and decorative materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the titanium or titanium alloy processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of high precision titanium and titanium alloy tube and prepare technology.
Background technology
The surface treatment of titanium or titanium alloy pipe has three different technologies at present: the one, and annealing and pickling in cold rolling after-baking annealing, carries out hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid acidwashing again, allows its surface lose silvery white gloss; The 2nd, vacuum annealing is carried out the vacuum annealing processing, and after carrying out alignment, is made its surface have metallic luster after cold rolling; The 3rd, the decorative pattern extruding, on the basis of annealing and pickling, the mode of utilizing mechanical presses to be shaped forms various concavo-convex tangible decorative patterns in tube surfaces.Present so-called mirror finish has two kinds of polishing, electrobrightenings, and polishing is with the sand paper on the polishing wheel, makes tube surfaces form minute surface on polishing mechanical at a high speed, and this method wastes time and energy, and surface roughness is very high, and greater than 8 μ m, minute surface is fuzzyyer; Electrobrightening is to carry out electrolytic treatments on the polishing basis, can form glossy surface in the short time, single to the large tracts of land parts, realize that even mirror finish is difficult to form, because therefore the easy oxidation of titanium must apply high pressure, electrolyte can form oxide-film in moment in addition, and dangerous, so generally seldom use in processing industry.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves: provide a kind of high precision titanium and titanium alloy tube to prepare technology, solved the difficult problem that titanium or titanium alloy tube-surface precision and roughness can't realize minute surface, titanium or titanium alloy tube-surface mean roughness can reach about 0.02 μ m-0.05 μ m, and the oxide-film that forms of surface can improve the corrosion resistance of tubing, titanium or titanium alloy tubing extensively popularized at medicine equipment, cultural and sports facility and ornament materials had laid a good foundation.
The technical solution used in the present invention: high precision titanium and titanium alloy tube prepare technology, are made up of following step:
1) selects materials: select for use technical pure titanium sponge or titanium alloy as raw material;
2) melting: raw material is put into consumable electrode vacuum furnace, guarantee to begin when vacuum is less than 0.7Mpa in the stove to heat up, temperature is controlled between 1660 ℃ ± 30 ℃, carry out three meltings after ingot casting become the titanium ingot;
3) forge: the titanium ingot is put into electric furnace heat, temperature is guaranteed between 850 ℃-900 ℃, is incubated also repeatedly pier and pulls out the excellent base of back formation;
4) excellent base processing:
A, excellent base handle: with excellent base surface car light and guarantee that can not there be any defective on its surface, the qualified back of ultrasonic examination centering then will excellent base surface and the extruding perforation of centre bore parcel back;
B, extrusion molding: the excellent base after will handling is put into electric furnace or induction furnace heating, and temperature is controlled between 800 ℃-1000 ℃, and temperature retention time is 1.5 hours-3 hours, once is squeezed into pipe;
C, pickling: pipe is carried out pickling;
5) tube rolling: with pipe rolling be finished product tubing, the thickness of reservation+0.05mm carries out vacuum annealing and handles, annealing temperature is controlled between 500 ℃-550 ℃, temperature retention time is 2-3 hour;
6) mechanical lapping: utilizing milling apparatus that tube surfaces is ground to surface roughness is about 8 μ m;
7) electrolysis composite polishing:
A, preparation electrolyte: adding percentage by weight in industrial alcohol is 15%-25% and propyl alcohol, percentage by weight is a 2%-8% aluminium chloride, percentage by weight is made electrolyte for 2%-8% zinc oxide, electrolyte is heated to fluidized state, is injected in the electrolytic cell when then electrolyte being cooled to 30 ℃-50 ℃;
B, inject the electrolyte into electrolytic cell after, adopt the 380V high voltage, and use the alternating current of 240A-300A to carry out electrolysis;
C, composite polishing: tubing speed with 1m/min in electrolyte is at the uniform velocity passed through in electrolyte, the oxide-film that utilizes electrolysis to generate suppresses the chemical bond between tubing and the Zinc oxide particles, utilize the Zinc oxide particles in the electrolyte to remove the oxide-film of tube surfaces, the tube surfaces that electric current is concentrated in the electrolyte is carried out the short time polishing;
D, composite polishing carry out can making in 10 minutes the tube surfaces roughness to reach 0.02 μ m-0.05 μ m.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps two, after one time ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting two ends and surface scale must be removed, and then ingot casting adopted carry out melting after the butt welding of vacuum plasma technology and cast the secondary ingot casting, detect a flaw after the secondary ingot casting is come out of the stove and the descale processing, carry out three melting ingot castings again and become the titanium ingot.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps three, titanium ingot temperature be between 850 ℃-900 ℃ the time, is incubated 3.5 hours and carries out first time pier and pull out, and secondary melts down and is heated between 850 ℃-900 ℃ again then, is incubated 1.5 hours and carries out pier again to pull out, and pulls out until pier so repeatedly and form excellent base.
Further, above-mentioned steps seven adds percentage by weight and is 20% and propyl alcohol in industrial alcohol, and percentage by weight is 5% aluminium chloride, and percentage by weight is that 5% zinc oxide is made electrolyte.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art:
1, both guarantees material metallographic and material internal ion queueing discipline, guaranteed the various physical properties and the chemical property of material again;
2, with the tubing specification, length can reach 3000mm-6000mm, and diameter can reach between the Ф 10mm-Ф 108mm, the thinnest 1mm that reaches of thickness;
3, the surface roughness of mirror effect can reach 0.02 μ m-0.05 μ m, and roughness is for minimum both at home and abroad;
4, processing technology is simpler, and processing charges is lower, yield rate is higher;
5, can both be up to standard in medicine equipment, jewellery, cultural and sports facility and decoration material field;
6, material can be done etched surfaces, minute surface and pattern pipe;
7, the oxide-film that forms in electrolytic process can improve the tubing corrosion resistance.
The specific embodiment
A kind of embodiment of the present invention is described below.
High precision titanium and titanium alloy tube prepare technology, are made up of following step:
1) selects materials: select for use technical pure titanium sponge or titanium alloy as raw material.High precision titanium and the titanium alloy tube initial stage of producing at first will be strict with on batching, because of considering that this material will relate to medical equipment and human part, preferential (ELI) technical pure titanium sponge that adopts is with the inherent quality that guarantees specular material and the gap between metal ion and to the nontoxic security of human body.
2) melting: raw material for guaranteeing metallographic and physicochemical property, must adopt during melting to become ingot more than three times or three times, i.e. during melting in fusion process, do the melting of twice secondary ingot casting, the vacuum plasma welding procedure is adopted in welding, guarantees that face of weld is pollution-free, free from admixture.When melting, must guarantee that titanium sponge is in health, carry out in the clean environment and in the dosage bunker, and guarantee dry in the environment, raw material must not be above 12 hours in atmosphere, can be squeezed into piece after particle will being stirred during spice, pressure must not 2500Mpa when squeezing, must carry out assembly welding (and avoiding assembly welding otherwise) with vacuum plasma, after finishing, assembly welding carries out melting immediately, the electrode group must not be put in atmosphere above 6 hours, during melting, must use consumable electrode vacuum furnace, vacuum can heat up less than 0.7Mpa the time in the stove, melting must be controlled between 1660 ℃ ± 30 ℃, after one time ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting two ends and surface scale must be removed, and then an ingot casting be adopted carry out melting after the butt welding of vacuum plasma technology and cast the secondary ingot casting, detect a flaw after the secondary ingot casting is come out of the stove and the descale processing, carry out three melting ingot castings again and become the titanium ingot.
3) the titanium ingot forges: after must use x-ray inspection qualified, remove the cap mouth, adopt electric furnace to forge, forbid coal stove to forge, forging temperature is guaranteed between 850 ℃-900 ℃, temperature retention time is 3.5 hours, and strict this technology of carrying out can be forged into 250mm * 250mm * L, after in multiple length, forging, secondary melts down and is heated between 850 ℃-900 ℃, is incubated 1.5 hours, forges finished product φ 80～100mm * L rod blank once more.The alloy type material will take different modes to forge according to different materials and standard, and individual material must adopt 3-7 pier to pull out could form excellent base.
Base heating of titanium or titanium alloy rod and temperature retention time
4) excellent base processing:
A, excellent base are handled: excellent base surface machined into must guarantee more than the 3mm, otherwise be considered as defective, and the no any defective in excellent base surface of Che Guanghou, qualified through ultrasonic examination, can centering, centre bore off-centre can not surpass 3mm, pushes perforation with Copper Foil again after with surface, centre bore parcel then, the rod blank must wrap up does not have the base of leakage, the welding of smooth back.
B, extrusion molding: after excellent base is finished dealing with, carry out extrusion molding, extruding must be adopted electric furnace heating or induction furnace heating dual mode.Extrusion temperature is controlled between 800 ℃-1000 ℃, and temperature retention time is 1.5 hours-3 hours, strict control temperature and temperature retention time, and the necessary once-forming of extruding, otherwise be considered as substandard products, the pipe of extrusion molding must carry out alignment.
C, pickling: the pipe of extrusion molding must thoroughly be washed inside and outside surperficial copper sheet off through overpickling.The pickle proportioning is (percentage by weight): water 50%, and nitric acid 45%, hydrofluoric acid 5%, the pipe after the pickling is inside and outside clean towards Xian, changes next process over to after cutting away the cap head.
5) tube rolling: before pipe was rolling, the pipe endoporus must be processed it with boring machine, made pipe endoporus zero defect, and outer surface of tube blank makes its outer surface zero defect, no foreign matter, through being rolled after the assay was approved with machined into or pickling.After being rolling to finished product tubing, the thickness of reservation+0.05mm is annealed again.Before the annealing titanium or titanium alloy pipe is carried out oil removing, pickling, guarantee inside and outside do not have oil, no foreign matter.Annealing temperature is controlled between 500 ℃-550 ℃, and temperature retention time is 2-3 hour, and must adopt vacuum annealing, and the higher meeting of annealing temperature makes mirror effect fuzzy not good.
6) mechanical lapping: before forming minute surface, must carry out mechanical lapping.The large-scale milling apparatus of Japanese import is adopted in mechanical lapping, and tubing carries out the spiral rotation earlier with milling apparatus and progressively grinds.Abrasive wheel adopts the circular abrasive wheel of 620 orders, four groups of comprehensive grindings of abrasive wheel.Be to guarantee the shape in the tubing process of lapping, the abrasive wheel dynamics adopts computer to adjust the abrasive wheel spacing automatically, and with surface grinding to half mirror status, promptly surface roughness is about 8 μ m, after enter next road program.
7) electrolysis composite polishing: adopt this technology can carry out large-area mirror finish at short notice, the electrolysis composite polishing must adopt the 380V high voltage, and use 240A-300A alternating current, adding percentage by weight in industrial alcohol is 15%-25% and propyl alcohol, preferred weight percent is 20% and propyl alcohol, percentage by weight is a 2%-8% aluminium chloride, preferred weight percent is 5% aluminium chloride, percentage by weight is a 2%-8% zinc oxide, preferred weight percent is 5% zinc oxide, makes electrolyte.Electrolyte is heated to fluidized state, is injected in the electrolytic cell when then electrolyte being cooled to 30 ℃-50 ℃; Utilize electrolysis to generate oxide-film and suppress chemical bond between tubing and the zinc oxide, utilize plant equipment that tubing speed with 1m/min in electrolyte is at the uniform velocity passed through in electrolyte, utilize the zinc oxide in the electrolyte to remove oxide-film, electric current is concentrated on carry out on the tubing in the electrolyte short time polishing, each only can form surface roughness with ten minutes and reaches 0.02 μ m-0.05 μ m tubing in the electrolysis recombination process.
The foregoing description is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting the scope of the present invention, so all equivalences of being done with the described content of claim of the present invention change, all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. high precision titanium and titanium alloy tube prepare technology, it is characterized in that being made up of following step:
1) selects materials: select for use technical pure titanium sponge or titanium alloy as raw material;
2) melting: raw material is put into consumable electrode vacuum furnace, guarantee to begin when vacuum is less than 0.7Mpa in the stove to heat up, temperature is controlled between 1660 ℃ ± 30 ℃, carry out three meltings after ingot casting become the titanium ingot;
3) forge: the titanium ingot is put into electric furnace heat, temperature is guaranteed between 850 ℃-900 ℃, is incubated also repeatedly pier and pulls out the excellent base of back formation;
4) excellent base processing:
A, excellent base handle: with excellent base surface car light and guarantee that can not there be any defective on its surface, the qualified back of ultrasonic examination centering then will excellent base surface and the extruding perforation of centre bore parcel back;
B, extrusion molding: the excellent base after will handling is put into electric furnace or induction furnace heating, and temperature is controlled between 800 ℃-1000 ℃, and temperature retention time is 1.5 hours-3 hours, once is squeezed into pipe;
C, pickling: pipe is carried out pickling;
5) tube rolling: with pipe rolling be finished product tubing, the thickness of reservation+0.05mm carries out vacuum annealing and handles, annealing temperature is controlled between 500 ℃-550 ℃, temperature retention time is 2-3 hour;
6) mechanical lapping: utilizing milling apparatus that tube surfaces is ground to surface roughness is about 8 μ m;
7) electrolysis composite polishing:
A, preparation electrolyte: adding percentage by weight in industrial alcohol is 15%-25% and propyl alcohol, percentage by weight is a 2%-8% aluminium chloride, percentage by weight is made electrolyte for 2%-8% zinc oxide, electrolyte is heated to fluidized state, is injected in the electrolytic cell when then electrolyte being cooled to 30 ℃-50 ℃;
B, inject the electrolyte into electrolytic cell after, adopt the 380V high voltage, and use the alternating current of 240A-300A to carry out electrolysis;
C, composite polishing: tubing speed with 1m/min in electrolyte is at the uniform velocity passed through in electrolyte, the oxide-film that utilizes electrolysis to generate suppresses the chemical bond between tubing and the Zinc oxide particles, utilize the Zinc oxide particles in the electrolyte to remove the oxide-film of tube surfaces, the tube surfaces that electric current is concentrated in the electrolyte is carried out the short time polishing;
D, composite polishing carry out can making in 10 minutes the tube surfaces roughness to reach 0.02 μ m-0.05 μ m.
2. high precision titanium according to claim 1 and titanium alloy tube prepare technology, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps two, after one time ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting two ends and surface scale must be removed, and then ingot casting adopted carry out melting after the butt welding of vacuum plasma technology and cast the secondary ingot casting, detect a flaw after the secondary ingot casting is come out of the stove and the descale processing, carry out three melting ingot castings again and become the titanium ingot.
3. high precision titanium according to claim 1 and titanium alloy tube prepare technology, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps three, titanium ingot temperature is between 850 ℃-900 ℃ the time, being incubated 3.5 hours and carrying out first time pier pulls out, secondary melts down and is heated between 850 ℃-900 ℃ again then, be incubated 1.5 hours and carry out pier again and pull out, pull out until pier so repeatedly and form excellent base.
4. prepare technology according to claim 1,2 or 3 described high precision titaniums and titanium alloy tube, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps seven, add percentage by weight and be 20% and propyl alcohol in industrial alcohol, percentage by weight is 5% aluminium chloride, and percentage by weight is that 5% zinc oxide is made electrolyte.
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