CN116284932A - Slow-expansion type high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slow-expansion type high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116284932A CN116284932A CN202310544601.8A CN202310544601A CN116284932A CN 116284932 A CN116284932 A CN 116284932A CN 202310544601 A CN202310544601 A CN 202310544601A CN 116284932 A CN116284932 A CN 116284932A
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- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide-acrylic acid resin Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GJAYYEWRFJQMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethyl carbamate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCOC(N)=O GJAYYEWRFJQMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IKYMJBKVGYKTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.NC(O)=O IKYMJBKVGYKTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2475/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Abstract
The invention provides a slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rubber waterproofing. The invention adopts the polyester polyurethane which is easy to hydrolyze as the temporary waterproof layer, can isolate water from the rubber matrix in the initial stage of soaking the water-swelling rubber water stop strip, avoids the early water absorption swelling of the rubber matrix, and after the polyester polyurethane waterproof layer is hydrolyzed, the rubber matrix starts water absorption and rapidly swells in volume to play a role in water stop, namely the slow swelling high expansion rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip provided by the invention does not swell in volume in the initial stage of soaking, and the volume can rapidly swell for a plurality of times after a certain time is reached. According to the invention, the acrylic rubber is taken as raw rubber, and the acrylic water-absorbing resin is matched, so that the acrylic water-absorbing resin can be well dissolved into the raw rubber under the action of the compatibilizer, and the problem of volume expansion rate reduction caused by precipitation of the water-absorbing resin out of a rubber matrix after multiple expansion can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rubber waterproofing, in particular to a slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the underground concrete engineering or the concrete engineering of water storage equipment, the leakage of a construction joint or a deformation joint is a problem commonly encountered in construction, and in the traditional construction process, water is generally prevented from passing through the construction joint or the deformation joint by arranging a water stop belt. Because of the difference of expansion rates of the rubber material body (or the metal material body) and the concrete, shrinkage of post-cast concrete due to solidification, temperature change, dry-wet alternation and other reasons can occur at the joint of the water stop belt and the concrete, and water leakage of engineering is caused.
The water-swelling rubber water stop strip is widely applied to engineering waterproofing, and the existing water-swelling rubber water stop strip is a novel waterproof material which is obtained by taking a rubber material as a matrix and adding water-absorbing resin. The water-swelling rubber sealing strip has the greatest advantages that the water-swelling rubber sealing strip has an excellent water-sealing and leakage-stopping function, and after water leakage occurs in engineering, the volume of the rubber sealing strip swells to block a channel of the water leakage, thereby playing a role in water sealing.
The construction process of the water-swelling rubber water stop strip is that firstly, the water-swelling rubber water stop strip is placed and fixed at the joint of the cast-in-place concrete, and then the concrete is cast. However, the poured concrete contains water, and the concrete is generally cured and dried completely within 7-20 days, so that the water-swelling rubber sealing strip is subjected to water absorption swelling in the process, and the water sealing effect in the later actual use is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip and a preparation method thereof. The slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip provided by the invention has slow expansion characteristics and excellent water stop effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which comprises a rubber matrix and a temporary waterproof layer attached to the surface of the rubber matrix;
the chemical composition of the temporary waterproof layer comprises polyester polyurethane, and the preparation raw materials of the polyester polyurethane comprise isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and anhydride amide curing agent;
the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise the following components in parts by weight:
acrylate rubber: 100 parts of acrylic water-absorbent resin: 30-70 parts of compatibilizer: 1-10 parts of a reinforcing agent: 30-70 parts of dioctyl phthalate: 20-50 parts of magnesium oxide: 1-4 parts of a lubricant; sodium stearate: 2-3 parts of potassium stearate: 0.2-0.6 part of sulfur: 0.1 to 0.4 part.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer to the acid anhydride amide curing agent is 3-5:1.
Preferably, the thickness of the temporary waterproof layer is 0.2-2 mm.
Preferably, the Mooney viscosity ML100℃ of the acrylate rubber 1+4 35+ -10;
the acrylic water-absorbing resin is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer.
Preferably, the compatibilizer is glycidyl methacrylate and/or ethyl carbamate;
the reinforcing agent is a mixture of white carbon black and diatomite.
The invention provides a preparation method of the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of preparing a rubber matrix by taking acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, a compatibilizer, a reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate, magnesium oxide, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur as raw materials;
and (3) applying mixed solution of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and an anhydride amide curing agent on the surface of the rubber matrix, and performing heat curing to obtain the slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip.
Preferably, the preparation method of the rubber matrix comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out first mixing and open mixing on acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, compatibilizer, reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate and magnesium oxide to obtain premixed rubber;
when the temperature of the premixed rubber is 50-70 ℃, carrying out second mixing on the premixed rubber, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur to obtain mixed rubber;
and extruding and vulcanizing the mixed rubber material to obtain a rubber matrix.
Preferably, the temperature of the first mixing is 105-125 ℃ and the time is 3-6 min;
the roll gap of the open mill is 2-6 mm when the open mill is used for thin pass, and the roll temperature is 40-60 ℃; the open mill thin pass times are 3-7 times.
Preferably, the vulcanization molding comprises sequentially performing infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating;
the temperature of the infrared heating is 190-230 ℃; the temperature of the microwave heating is 180-200 ℃, and the microwave power is 2-6 kW; the temperature of the hot air heating is 190-220 ℃;
the traction speed of vulcanization molding is 2-5 m/min.
Preferably, the heat curing temperature is 100-120 ℃.
The invention provides a slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which comprises a rubber matrix and a temporary waterproof layer attached to the surface of the rubber matrix; the chemical composition of the temporary waterproof layer comprises polyester polyurethane, and the preparation raw materials of the polyester polyurethane comprise isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and anhydride amide curing agent; the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise the following components in parts by weight: acrylate rubber: 100 parts of acrylic water-absorbent resin: 30-70 parts of compatibilizer: 1-10 parts of a reinforcing agent: 30-70 parts of dioctyl phthalate: 20-50 parts of magnesium oxide: 1-4 parts of a lubricant; sodium stearate: 2-3 parts of potassium stearate: 0.2-0.6 part of sulfur: 0.1 to 0.4 part. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts the polyester polyurethane which is easy to hydrolyze as the temporary waterproof layer, can isolate water from the rubber matrix in the initial stage of soaking the water-swelling rubber water stop strip, avoids the early water absorption swelling of the rubber matrix, and after the polyester polyurethane waterproof layer is hydrolyzed, the rubber matrix starts water absorption and rapidly swells in volume to play a role in water stop, namely the slow swelling high expansion rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip provided by the invention does not swell in volume in the initial stage of soaking, and the volume can rapidly swell for a plurality of times after a certain time is reached.
(2) According to the invention, the acrylic rubber is taken as raw rubber, and acrylic water-absorbing resin is matched, so that the acrylic water-absorbing resin can be well dissolved into the raw rubber under the action of a compatibilizer, and the problem of volume expansion rate reduction caused by precipitation of the water-absorbing resin out of a rubber matrix after multiple expansion can be effectively avoided; the acrylate rubber and the reinforcing agent have certain water-swelling performance, and can realize higher volume expansion rate by matching with the rapid water-absorbing function of the acrylic water-absorbing resin.
(3) The polyacrylic acid water-absorbing resin can be well combined with the acrylic ester rubber matrix, so that the rubber matrix can keep higher physical and mechanical properties; and the physical and mechanical properties of the water-swelling rubber sealing strip can be further improved through the reinforcement of the reinforcing agent.
(4) The vulcanizing system of the acrylate rubber uses sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur, and the dosage is strictly limited, so that the crosslinking degree of the rubber matrix is controlled within a reasonable range. If the crosslinking degree is too low, the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber material are deteriorated, and the too high crosslinking degree is not beneficial to the volume expansion of the rubber material after water absorption.
The example results show that the tensile strength of the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip is 4.7-5.8 MPa, and the stretch-break elongation is 509-530%; the volume expansion rate for 48 hours is 1.7-2.4%, the volume expansion rate for 96 hours is 2.6-3.2%, the volume expansion rate for 168 hours is 509-530%, and the high tensile strength and elongation can be maintained after repeated soaking.
The invention provides the preparation method of the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which is simple to operate and easy to realize industrialized mass production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which comprises a rubber matrix and a temporary waterproof layer attached to the surface of the rubber matrix;
the chemical composition of the temporary waterproof layer comprises polyester polyurethane, and the preparation raw materials of the polyester polyurethane comprise isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and anhydride amide curing agent;
the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise the following components in parts by weight:
acrylate rubber: 100 parts of acrylic water-absorbent resin: 30-70 parts of compatibilizer: 1-10 parts of a reinforcing agent: 30-70 parts of dioctyl phthalate: 20-50 parts of magnesium oxide: 1-4 parts of a lubricant; sodium stearate: 2-3 parts of potassium stearate: 0.2-0.6 part of sulfur: 0.1 to 0.4 part.
The sources of the raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the invention, the chemical composition of the temporary waterproof layer comprises polyester polyurethane, and the preparation raw materials of the polyester polyurethane comprise isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and acid anhydride amide curing agent. In the invention, the mass ratio of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer to the acid anhydride amide curing agent is preferably 3-5:1, more preferably 4:1.
In the invention, the thickness of the temporary waterproof layer is preferably 0.2-2 mm, more preferably 0.8-1.5 mm.
The preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 100 parts of acrylate rubber by mass percent. In the present invention, the Mooney viscosity ML100℃ of the acrylate rubber 1+4 Preferably 35.+ -.10.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 30-70 parts of acrylic water-absorbing resin, preferably 40-60 parts, and more preferably 50 parts. In the present invention, the acrylic water absorbent resin is preferably one or more of sodium Polyacrylate (PAA), acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer (P (AA/AM)) and acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer (P (AA/MA)).
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 1-10 parts of compatibilizer, preferably 2-8 parts, and more preferably 5-6 parts. In the present invention, the compatibilizer is preferably glycidyl methacrylate and/or ethylene carbamate.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 30-70 parts of reinforcing agent, preferably 40-60 parts, and more preferably 50 parts. In the present invention, the reinforcing agent is preferably a mixture of white carbon black and diatomaceous earth. In the invention, the white carbon black is preferably a precipitation white carbon black, the pH value of the white carbon black is preferably 7.5-9.5, more preferably 8-9, the particle size is preferably 8-19 nm, more preferably 10-15 nm. In the present invention, the diatomaceous earth is preferably expandable diatomaceous earth, and SiO in the diatomaceous earth 2 The content of (C) is preferably 60-80%,more preferably 70%; the particle diameter is preferably 100 nm to 1 μm, more preferably 400 to 800 nm. In the invention, the mass ratio of the white carbon black to the diatomite is preferably 2-3:1, more preferably 2.5:1.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 20-50 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and preferably 30-40 parts.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 1-4 parts of magnesium oxide, and preferably 2-3 parts.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 2-3 parts of sodium stearate, and preferably 2.5 parts.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 0.2-0.6 part of potassium stearate, and preferably 0.3-0.5 part of potassium stearate.
Based on the mass parts of the acrylate rubber, the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise 0.1-0.4 part of sulfur, and preferably 0.2-0.3 part of sulfur. The invention uses sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur as a vulcanization system, and controls the dosage of the sodium stearate, the potassium stearate and the sulfur, so that the crosslinking degree of the water-swelling rubber sealing bar can meet the requirements of higher physical and mechanical properties and high expansion rate.
The invention provides a preparation method of the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of preparing a rubber matrix by taking acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, a compatibilizer, a reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate, magnesium oxide, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur as raw materials;
and (3) applying mixed solution of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and an anhydride amide curing agent on the surface of the rubber matrix, and performing heat curing to obtain the slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the rubber matrix preferably comprises the steps of:
sequentially carrying out first mixing and open mixing on acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, compatibilizer, reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate and magnesium oxide to obtain premixed rubber;
when the temperature of the premixed rubber is 50-70 ℃, carrying out second mixing on the premixed rubber, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur to obtain mixed rubber;
and extruding and vulcanizing the mixed rubber material to obtain a rubber matrix.
The invention preferably carries out first mixing and open mixing thin-pass on acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, compatibilizer, reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate and magnesium oxide in sequence to obtain the premixed rubber. In the invention, the first mixing is preferably performed in an internal mixer, and the temperature of the first mixing is preferably 105-125 ℃, more preferably 110-120 ℃; the time is preferably 3 to 6 minutes, more preferably 4 to 5 minutes.
In the invention, the roll gap of the open mill is preferably 2-6 mm, more preferably 3-5 mm when the open mill is used for thin-pass; the roller temperature is preferably 40-60 ℃, more preferably 50 ℃; the number of open mill thin passes is preferably 3 to 7 times, more preferably 4 to 5 times.
After the premixed rubber is obtained, when the temperature of the premixed rubber is 50-70 ℃, the premixed rubber, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur are subjected to secondary mixing to obtain mixed rubber. In the invention, the temperature of the second mixing is preferably 55-60 ℃, more preferably 56-58 ℃; the time is preferably 3 to 6 minutes, more preferably 4 to 5 minutes.
After the mixed rubber material is obtained, the mixed rubber material is extruded and vulcanized to obtain a rubber matrix. The extrusion is preferably carried out using an extruder. In the invention, the screw and barrel temperatures of the extruder are preferably 40-70 ℃, more preferably 50-60 ℃.
In the invention, the vulcanization molding is preferably performed in a vulcanization box, wherein the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, and the total length is preferably 20-35 m. In the invention, the temperature of the vulcanizing tank is preferably 180-230 ℃; in the invention, the temperature of the infrared heating is preferably 190-230 ℃, more preferably 200-220 ℃; the temperature of the microwave heating is preferably 180-200 ℃, more preferably 190 ℃; the microwave power for heating is preferably 2-6 kW, more preferably 3-5 kW; the temperature of the hot air is preferably 190-220 ℃, more preferably 200-210 ℃; in the present invention, the traction speed of the vulcanization molding is preferably 2 to 5 m/min, more preferably 3 to 4 m/min.
After the rubber matrix is obtained, the mixed solution of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the acid anhydride amide curing agent is applied to the surface of the rubber matrix, and the mixed solution is thermally cured to obtain the slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip. In the present invention, the mode of applying the mixed solution of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the acid anhydride-amide curing agent is preferably spray coating.
In the invention, the temperature of the heat curing is preferably 100-120 ℃, more preferably 110 ℃; the time is preferably 3 to 5 minutes. In the invention, preferably, after the temperature of the rubber matrix is reduced to 120 ℃, the mixed solution of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the anhydride amide curing agent is applied to the surface of the rubber matrix, and the waste heat of the rubber matrix is utilized for heat curing.
The slow expansion type high expansion rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are described in detail below by combining with the examples, but the slow expansion type high expansion rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip and the preparation method thereof cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
(1) Adding 100 parts of acrylate rubber, 30 parts of sodium Polyacrylate (PAA), 2 parts of ethyl carbamate, 30 parts of white carbon black with the particle size of 9nm, 10 parts of kieselguhr with the particle size of 400nm, 25 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 1 part of magnesium oxide into an internal mixer, mixing for 4 minutes, wherein the glue discharging temperature is 96 ℃, and then discharging glue onto an open mill;
(2) The roll gap of an open mill is 3mm, the roll temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the thin pass is performed for 5 times, the glue temperature is reduced to 54 ℃, 2 parts of sodium stearate, 0.2 part of potassium stearate and 0.4 part of sulfur are added, and after uniform mixing, a film is formed for standby;
(3) The vulcanization molding is extrusion vulcanization molding, the mixed sizing material is vulcanized molding by a vulcanization box after being extruded by an extruder, the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, the total length is 26 meters, the screw and machine barrel temperature is set to 55 ℃, the infrared heating section setting temperature is 190 ℃, the microwave heating section setting temperature is 180 ℃, the microwave power is set to 3kW, the vulcanization box temperature is set to 190 ℃, and the traction speed is 2.2 meters per minute, so as to obtain a rubber matrix;
(4) After the rubber matrix passes through a vulcanizing tank, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃, 3 parts of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and 1 part of anhydride amide curing agent are uniformly mixed, then the mixed solution is sprayed on the surface of the rubber matrix, the thickness of the coating is 0.2mm, polyurethane is quickly cured by utilizing the waste heat of the water-swelling rubber strip, a temporary waterproof layer is formed, and the slow-swelling high-swelling-rate water-swelling rubber sealing strip is obtained.
Example 2
(1) 100 parts of acrylate rubber, 50 parts of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer (P (AA/AM)), 6 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 35 parts of white carbon black with the particle size of 12nm, 15 parts of kieselguhr with the particle size of 300nm, 35 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 2 parts of magnesium oxide are added into an internal mixer, mixed for 4.5 minutes, the glue discharging temperature is 96 ℃, and then the glue is discharged onto an open mill;
(2) The roll gap of an open mill is 4mm, the roll temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the thin pass is performed for 4 times, the glue temperature is reduced to 57 ℃, 2.2 parts of sodium stearate, 0.4 part of potassium stearate and 0.3 part of sulfur are added, and after uniform mixing, a film is formed for standby;
(3) The vulcanization molding is extrusion vulcanization molding, the mixed sizing material is vulcanized molding by a vulcanization box after being extruded by an extruder, the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, the total length is 26 meters, the temperature of a screw rod and a machine barrel is set to 60 ℃, the set temperature of an infrared heating section is 200 ℃, the set temperature of a microwave heating section is 190 ℃, the microwave power is set to 3.5kW, the temperature of the vulcanization box is set to 200 ℃, and the traction speed is 2.7 meters/min, so that a rubber matrix is obtained;
(4) After the rubber matrix passes through a vulcanizing tank, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃, 4 parts of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and 1 part of anhydride amide curing agent are uniformly mixed, then the mixed solution is sprayed on the surface of the rubber matrix, the thickness of the coating is 0.4mm, polyurethane is quickly cured by utilizing the waste heat of the water-swelling rubber strip, a temporary waterproof layer is formed, and the slow-swelling high-swelling-rate water-swelling rubber sealing strip is obtained.
Example 3
(1) 100 parts of acrylate rubber, 60 parts of acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer (P (AA/MA)), 6 parts of ethyl carbamate, 40 parts of white carbon black with the particle size of 14nm, 20 parts of kieselguhr with the particle size of 500nm, 40 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 3 parts of magnesium oxide are added into an internal mixer, mixed for 5 minutes, the glue discharging temperature is 98 ℃, and then the mixture is discharged onto an open mill;
(2) The roll gap of an open mill is 5mm, the roll temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the thin pass is performed for 6 times, the glue temperature is reduced to 59 ℃, 2.6 parts of sodium stearate, 0.5 part of potassium stearate and 0.1 part of sulfur are added, and after uniform mixing, a film is formed for standby;
(3) The vulcanization molding is extrusion vulcanization molding, the mixed sizing material is vulcanized molding by a vulcanization box after being extruded by an extruder, the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, the total length is 30 meters, the screw and machine barrel temperature is set to 65 ℃, the infrared heating section setting temperature is 200 ℃, the microwave power is set to 3kW, the vulcanization box temperature is set to 200 ℃, and the traction speed is 3.2 meters per minute, so as to obtain a rubber matrix;
(4) After the rubber matrix passes through a vulcanizing tank, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃, 5 parts of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and 1.5 parts of anhydride amide curing agent are uniformly mixed, then the mixed solution is sprayed on the surface of the rubber matrix, the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm, polyurethane is quickly cured by utilizing the waste heat of the water-swelling rubber strip, a temporary waterproof layer is formed, and the slow-swelling high-swelling-rate water-swelling rubber sealing strip is obtained.
Example 4
(1) 100 parts of acrylate rubber, 70 parts of acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer (P (AA/MA)), 9 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 50 parts of white carbon black with the particle size of 16nm, 18 parts of diatomite with the particle size of 800nm, 46 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 3 parts of magnesium oxide are added into an internal mixer, mixed for 6 minutes, the glue discharging temperature is 103 ℃, and then the mixture is discharged onto an open mill;
(2) The roll gap of an open mill is 5mm, the roll temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the glue is thinned and introduced for 7 times, the glue temperature is reduced to 62 ℃, 3 parts of sodium stearate, 0.3 part of potassium stearate and 0.3 part of sulfur are added, and after uniform mixing, a film is formed for standby;
(3) The vulcanization molding is extrusion vulcanization molding, the mixed sizing material is vulcanized molding by a vulcanization box after being extruded by an extruder, the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, the total length is 30 meters, the screw and machine barrel temperature is set to 70 ℃, the infrared heating section setting temperature is 205 ℃, the microwave heating section setting temperature is 195 ℃, the microwave power is set to 4kW, the vulcanization box temperature is set to 180 ℃, and the traction speed is 3.5 meters per minute, so as to obtain a rubber matrix;
(4) After the rubber matrix passes through a vulcanizing tank, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃,6 parts of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and 2 parts of anhydride amide curing agent are uniformly mixed, then the mixed solution is sprayed on the surface of the rubber matrix, the thickness of the coating is 0.7mm, polyurethane is quickly cured by utilizing the waste heat of the water-swelling rubber strip, a temporary waterproof layer is formed, and the slow-swelling high-swelling-rate water-swelling rubber sealing strip is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The production formula of the existing water-swellable rubber water stop strip is as follows: 100 parts of natural rubber, 48 parts of water-absorbent resin sodium polyacrylate, 42 parts of water-absorbent filler bentonite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of dispersing agent, 8 parts of coumarone, 69 parts of coupling agent Si, 20 parts of white carbon black, 18 parts of aromatic oil, 2 parts of sulfur, 1.5 parts of DM, 2 parts of CZ and 5 parts of iron oxide red.
The production process comprises the following steps: placing the plasticated natural rubber into an internal mixer, and sequentially adding zinc oxide, stearic acid, a dispersing agent, coumarone, water-absorbent resin, water-absorbent filler, aromatic hydrocarbon oil, a coupling agent, white carbon black and pigment to prepare a section of mixed master batch; sequentially adding sulfur, DM and CZ into the prepared primary mixing master batch, and further mixing to prepare a mixed batch; the prepared rubber compound is thinned and passed through an open mill to prepare a second-stage rubber compound; and (3) sealing and standing the prepared rubber compound for 16-24 hours, and vulcanizing at a vulcanizing pressure of 12MPa and a vulcanizing temperature of 150 ℃ for 7min.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the temporary waterproof layer is not applied, and the rubber matrix is directly used as the water-swelling rubber water stop strip.
Comparative example 3
The production formula of the existing water-swellable rubber water stop strip is as follows: 100 parts of natural rubber, 60 parts of carboxymethylated starch, 35 parts of water-absorbing filler bentonite, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of dispersing agent, 8 parts of coumarone, 69 parts of coupling agent Si, 15 parts of white carbon black, 20 parts of aromatic oil, 1.8 parts of sulfur, 1.6 parts of DM, 1.8 parts of CZ and 4 parts of iron oxide red.
The production process comprises the following steps: placing the plasticated natural rubber into an internal mixer, and sequentially adding zinc oxide, stearic acid, a dispersing agent, coumarone, carboxymethylated starch, a water-absorbing filler, aromatic hydrocarbon oil, a coupling agent, white carbon black and pigment to prepare a first-stage mixing master batch; sequentially adding sulfur, DM and CZ into the prepared primary mixing master batch, and further mixing to prepare a mixed batch; the prepared rubber compound is thinned and passed through an open mill to prepare a second-stage rubber compound; and (3) sealing and standing the prepared rubber compound for 16-24 hours, and vulcanizing at a vulcanizing pressure of 13MPa and a vulcanizing temperature of 146 ℃ for 12 minutes.
Comparative example 4
(1) 100 parts of acrylate rubber, 60 parts of acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer (P (AA/MA)), 6 parts of ethyl carbamate, 40 parts of white carbon black with the particle size of 14nm, 20 parts of kieselguhr with the particle size of 500nm, 40 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 3 parts of magnesium oxide are added into an internal mixer, mixed for 5 minutes, the glue discharging temperature is 98 ℃, and then the mixture is discharged onto an open mill;
(2) The roll gap of an open mill is 5mm, the roll temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the thin pass is carried out for 6 times, the glue temperature is reduced to 59 ℃, 2.4 parts of N, N' -bis (cinnamylidene-1, 6-hexamethylenediamine) are added, and after uniform mixing, a film is produced for standby;
(3) The vulcanization molding is extrusion vulcanization molding, the mixed sizing material is vulcanized molding by a vulcanization box after being extruded by an extruder, the vulcanization box is divided into three parts of infrared heating, microwave heating and hot air heating, the total length is 30 meters, the screw and machine barrel temperature is set to 65 ℃, the infrared heating section setting temperature is 210 ℃, the microwave power is set to 3.5kW, the vulcanization box temperature is set to 200 ℃, and the traction speed is 3.0 meters/min, so as to obtain a rubber matrix;
(4) After the rubber matrix passes through a vulcanizing tank, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃, 5 parts of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and 1.5 parts of anhydride amide curing agent are uniformly mixed, then the mixed solution is sprayed on the surface of the rubber matrix, the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm, polyurethane is quickly cured by utilizing the waste heat of the water-swelling rubber strip, a temporary waterproof layer is formed, and the slow-swelling high-swelling-rate water-swelling rubber sealing strip is obtained.
Performance testing
The hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, volume expansion ratio and repeated water soaking performance of the water-swellable rubber water stop bars obtained in the examples and the comparative examples are tested, and the obtained test results are shown in Table 1.
The corresponding test method is as follows:
(1) Hardness test execution standard "vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber indentation hardness test method part 1 Shore durometer method (GB 531.1-2008-T);
(2) Tensile Strength and elongation at Break test the test was performed in Standard test for tensile stress Strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber (GB/T528-2008);
(3) Volume expansion ratio test execution standard Polymer waterproof Material Water-swellable rubber part 3: the soaking time of the water-swellable rubber (GB/T18173.3-2014) appendix A was as in Table 1.
(4) Repeated soaking test execution Standard Polymer Water-swelling rubber part 3: 5.3.5 in water-swellable rubber (GB/T18173.3-2014), the initial soaking time of the embodiment in the application of the invention is 168 hours, and the residual circulating soaking time is 16 hours; the comparative soak time was 16 hours.
TABLE 1 Performance test results
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the rubber of the comparative example, the slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume is hardly changed in the initial stage of water soaking, the water can be quickly absorbed after the temporary waterproof layer polyester polyurethane on the surface is hydrolyzed, the volume is expanded, and the maximum expansion ratio can reach more than 900%; the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip provided by the invention has higher physical and mechanical properties, and can still maintain higher tensile strength and elongation after repeated soaking.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The slow expansion type high expansion rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip is characterized by comprising a rubber matrix and a temporary waterproof layer attached to the surface of the rubber matrix;
the chemical composition of the temporary waterproof layer comprises polyester polyurethane, and the preparation raw materials of the polyester polyurethane comprise isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and anhydride amide curing agent;
the preparation raw materials of the rubber matrix comprise the following components in parts by weight:
acrylate rubber: 100 parts of acrylic water-absorbent resin: 30-70 parts of compatibilizer: 1-10 parts of a reinforcing agent: 30-70 parts of dioctyl phthalate: 20-50 parts of magnesium oxide: 1-4 parts of a lubricant; sodium stearate: 2-3 parts of potassium stearate: 0.2-0.6 part of sulfur: 0.1 to 0.4 part.
2. The slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swellable rubber water stop strip of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer to the acid anhydride amide curing agent is 3-5:1.
3. The slow expansion type high expansion rate water-swellable rubber water stop strip according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the temporary waterproof layer is 0.2-2 mm.
4. The slow expansion type high expansion rate water-swellable rubber water stop strip according to claim 1, wherein the Mooney viscosity ML100℃ of the acrylate rubber 1+4 35+ -10;
the acrylic water-absorbing resin is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer.
5. The slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swellable rubber water stop strip according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the compatibilizer is glycidyl methacrylate and/or urethane acetate;
the reinforcing agent is a mixture of white carbon black and diatomite.
6. The preparation method of the slow-expansion high-expansion-rate water-swelling rubber water stop strip according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of preparing a rubber matrix by taking acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, a compatibilizer, a reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate, magnesium oxide, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur as raw materials;
and (3) applying mixed solution of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and an anhydride amide curing agent on the surface of the rubber matrix, and performing heat curing to obtain the slow-expansion high-expansion-ratio water-swelling rubber water stop strip.
7. The method of producing a rubber substrate according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
sequentially carrying out first mixing and open mixing on acrylate rubber, acrylic water-absorbent resin, compatibilizer, reinforcing agent, dioctyl phthalate and magnesium oxide to obtain premixed rubber;
when the temperature of the premixed rubber is 50-70 ℃, carrying out second mixing on the premixed rubber, sodium stearate, potassium stearate and sulfur to obtain mixed rubber;
and extruding and vulcanizing the mixed rubber material to obtain a rubber matrix.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the first kneading is 105 to 125 ℃ for 3 to 6 minutes;
the roll gap of the open mill is 2-6 mm when the open mill is used for thin pass, and the roll temperature is 40-60 ℃; the open mill thin pass times are 3-7 times.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the vulcanization molding includes infrared heating, microwave heating, and hot air heating performed in this order;
the temperature of the infrared heating is 190-230 ℃; the temperature of the microwave heating is 180-200 ℃, and the microwave power is 2-6 kW; the temperature of the hot air heating is 190-220 ℃;
the traction speed of vulcanization molding is 2-5 m/min.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the heat curing temperature is 100 to 120 ℃.
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