CN116282294A - Small passive solar sea water desalting device - Google Patents
Small passive solar sea water desalting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116282294A CN116282294A CN202211432156.8A CN202211432156A CN116282294A CN 116282294 A CN116282294 A CN 116282294A CN 202211432156 A CN202211432156 A CN 202211432156A CN 116282294 A CN116282294 A CN 116282294A
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- Prior art keywords
- seawater
- condenser
- pipe
- fresh water
- photo
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012826 global research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention provides a small passive solar seawater desalination device which is composed of a transparent material, a shell, a heat insulation layer, a photo-thermal plate, a condenser pipe, a seawater tank, a seawater pipe, a fresh water pipe and a concentrated seawater valve. The transparent material is mounted on the top surface of the housing. The condenser is disposed in the center of the housing. And a heat insulation layer is formed by filling heat insulation materials between the side surface of the bottom surface of the condenser and the shell. The seawater tank is arranged in the center of the condenser. The photo-thermal plate seals the top surface of the condenser. The water absorbing material on the lower surface of the photo-thermal plate sags to the bottom of the seawater tank. The seawater pipe is connected with the seawater tank and the concentrated seawater valve outside the shell. The seawater pipe is provided with a seawater inlet. Two groups of inclined condensing pipes are arranged at two sides of the seawater tank. Both end ports of the condensing tube are outside the shell. The bottom surface of the condenser is communicated with a fresh water pipe. Seawater is injected into a seawater tank from a seawater inlet and evaporated into steam on a photo-thermal plate. The steam is condensed into fresh water on the condenser tube. The air flowing in the condenser tube gives off heat to the atmosphere. Fresh water flows out of the fresh water pipe. The concentrated seawater is discharged from the concentrated seawater valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sea water desalting device, in particular to a small passive solar sea water desalting device.
Background
Efficient solar desalination is a long-felt human desire. Currently, solar interfacial evaporation technology is a global research hotspot. However, the inherent defects of interfacial salt deposition, interfacial heat transfer, difficult vapor condensation and the like make the popularization and application of the catalyst difficult. The solar evaporation technology with the overhead heating surface, which is invented by Chinese researchers, adopts the technical measure that the heating surface is arranged on the evaporation surface and the condensation surface, completely eliminates all defects of the solar interface evaporation technology, has compact structure and small volume, and is the termination technology of passive solar sea water desalination. The paper "passive solar seawater desalination technology route analysis" published in journal of energy and power engineering in the United states is discussed in detail. The Chinese patent 202211125302.2 is a scheme that the solar evaporation technology with the overhead heating surface is applied to a large passive solar seawater desalination device. If the heat insulating layer and the side surface of the condenser are made of heat insulating materials, the heat loss caused by the direct heat transfer of the photo-thermal plate to the condenser can be reduced. In a small passive solar seawater desalination device, a heat insulation layer is influenced by the heat insulation performance of a heat insulation material and the heat insulation performance of sealant, so that the technical requirements of heat insulation and sealing cannot be met at the same time, and a large amount of heat transfer from a photo-thermal plate to a condenser is unavoidable. For years, various heat insulating materials are adopted, and a large number of prototype test results show that the heat insulating layer can not effectively insulate heat from the photo-thermal plate to the condenser, and part of heat is directly transmitted to the condenser for dissipation after the evaporation of seawater, so that the fresh water yield is reduced. The test results show that: determining that existing condenser functionality is false for heat rejection ≡! The existing condenser function should be adiabatic. A condensing tube is arranged in the existing condenser to realize steam condensation and heat dissipation. The condenser material is a thermally insulating material, not a thermally conductive material. Based on this new idea, the insulation layer should not be placed between the photo-thermal plate and the condenser, but completely wrap the condenser. Therefore, heat from the photo-thermal plate can be guaranteed to be dissipated in the condensing tube after being evaporated and condensed. After the heat insulating material is selected for the condenser, the heat transfer quantity of the photo-thermal plate to the condenser is reduced. And the heat transferred from the photo-thermal plate to the condenser is not emitted to the atmosphere. The heat transfer path is from the photo-thermal plate to the steam, which is then condensed in a condenser tube, and the heat is dissipated to the atmosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to wrap a condenser by a heat insulation layer, change the function of the condenser into heat insulation and heat preservation, realize condensation by a condensation pipe and develop a small passive solar seawater desalination device with high heat utilization rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with: the structure of the solar water heater comprises a transparent material, a shell, a heat insulation layer, a photo-thermal plate, a condenser pipe, a seawater tank, a seawater pipe, a fresh water pipe and a concentrated seawater valve. The method is characterized in that: the transparent material is arranged on the top surface of the shell. The condenser is disposed in the center of the housing. And a heat insulation layer is formed by filling heat insulation materials between the side surface of the bottom surface of the condenser and the shell. The seawater tank is arranged in the center of the condenser. The photo-thermal plate seals the top surface of the condenser. The water absorbing material on the lower surface of the photo-thermal plate sags to the bottom of the seawater tank. The seawater pipe is connected with the seawater tank and the concentrated seawater valve outside the shell. The seawater pipe is provided with a seawater inlet. Two groups of condensing pipes are arranged on two sides of the seawater tank. Both end ports of the condensing tube are outside the shell. The ports at the two ends of the condensing tube are not equal in height. Adjacent condensing tubes are inclined in the same or opposite directions. The bottom surface of the condenser is communicated with a fresh water pipe. Closing the concentrated seawater valve and injecting a rated amount of seawater from the seawater inlet. Sunlight is irradiated on the photo-thermal plate through the transparent material to be converted into heat. Seawater contained in the water absorbing material absorbs heat and evaporates into steam. The seawater in the seawater tank is supplemented along the water absorbing material. The steam is condensed into fresh water on the outer surface of the condensing pipe. The air in the condensing tube absorbs heat and moves upwards. Cold air enters the condensing tube from the low-end port of the condensing tube, and is discharged from the high-end port after being heated. The air in the condenser tube spontaneously flows. Fresh water is continuously produced and flows out of the sea water desalting device from the fresh water pipe.
The fresh water pipe is externally connected with a fresh water container with a steam condensing function. Prevent the evaporation of fresh water and the dissipation of heat loss fresh water.
The transparent material is transparent flat glass or transparent organic glass.
The housing is made of plastic or metal material.
The insulating layer is polyurethane foam filled between the housing and the condenser.
The photo-thermal plate is made of aluminum plates, the upper surfaces of the aluminum plates are coated with photo-thermal materials, and the lower surfaces of the aluminum plates are adhered with water absorbing materials. Cotton cloth is a good water absorbing material.
The condenser is made of polypropylene. The polypropylene has poor heat conducting performance and meets the food sanitation standard.
The seawater tank is made of polypropylene. Polypropylene can resist seawater corrosion.
The condenser pipe is made of stainless steel, and stainless steel wires are filled in the condenser pipe. Thereby increasing the heat exchange area.
The invention has the advantages that: firstly, the heat insulation layer wraps the condenser, the condenser is converted into heat insulation and heat preservation from heat dissipation, heat is formed to be dissipated to the atmosphere from the photo-thermal plate to steam and then to the condensing pipe, and the heat is directly transferred to the condenser from the photo-thermal plate to be dissipated to the atmosphere after being absorbed by the steam, so that the defect of heat loss caused by direct heat transfer to the condenser by the heat insulation layer in the prior art is overcome; secondly, the material selection problem that the heat insulation layer material and the sealant have heat insulation and sealing performance in the prior art is solved, and the polyurethane foam is used as the heat insulation layer, so that the heat insulation problem which is difficult to solve in the prior art is solved; thirdly, reliable sealing can be realized between the photo-thermal plate and the condenser which adopts the heat insulation material; fourthly, the heat insulation performance of the closed space formed by the transparent material and the shell on the light-heat plate is better than that of the closed space formed by the transparent material and the condenser heat insulation layer on the light-heat plate; fifthly, all materials adopted are sufficient in source; and sixthly, the manufacturing process is simple and feasible.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an assembly view of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, transparent materials, 2, a photo-thermal plate, 3, a shell, 4, a condenser, 5, a concentrated seawater valve, 6, a fresh water pipe, 7, a condensation pipe, 8, a seawater tank, 9 and a seawater inlet.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is a solar sea water desalting device with 1 set of photo-thermal plate heat collecting area of 0.5 square meter. The housing 3 is 1.04 m long, 0.54 m wide and 0.30 m high and is made of plastic. The transparent material 1 is 1.05 m long, 0.55 m wide and 0.005 m thick and is made of transparent glass. The condenser 4 is 1 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.25 m high and is made of polypropylene. The photo-thermal plate 2 is 1 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.001 m thick and is made of aluminum cotton cloth photo-thermal paint. The seawater tank 8 is 0.4 m long, 0.25 m wide and 0.15 m high and is made of polypropylene. The condenser tube 7 is 0.56 m long and 0.05 m in diameter and is made of stainless steel plate. The transparent material 1 is mounted on the top surface of the housing 3. The condenser 4 is centrally located in the housing 3. Polyurethane foam is filled between the side surface of the bottom surface of the condenser 4 and the shell 3 to form a heat insulation layer. The seawater tank 8 is placed in the center of the condenser 4. The photo-thermal plate 2 seals the top surface of the condenser 4. The water absorbing material on the lower surface of the photo-thermal plate sags to the bottom of the seawater tank 8. The seawater pipe is connected with the seawater tank 8 and the concentrated seawater valve 5. The seawater pipe is provided with a seawater inlet 9, and two groups of condensing pipes 7 are arranged at two sides of the seawater tank 8. A group of 4 condensing tubes 7. The front end port of the condensing tube 7 is low, the rear end port is high, and the inclination angle is 15 degrees. All the condensation pipes 7 are inclined in the same direction. The bottom surface of the condenser 4 is communicated with a fresh water pipe 6. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a small solar desalination plant with a heat collection area of 0.5 square meters. Fig. 2 is an assembly view thereof.
The working procedure of this embodiment is: the seawater desalination plant is placed in a place where the illumination is sufficient, the concentrated seawater valve 5 is closed, and 5 liters of seawater is injected from the seawater inlet 9. Sunlight is irradiated onto the photo-thermal plate 2 through the transparent material 1 to be converted into heat. Seawater contained in the cotton cloth absorbs heat and evaporates into steam. The seawater in the seawater tank 8 is supplemented along the cotton cloth upward. The steam is condensed into fresh water at the outer surface of the condensation pipe 7. The air in the condensation duct 7 absorbs heat and moves upwards. Cold air enters the condensing tube 7 from the low-end port of the condensing tube 7, is discharged from the high-end port after being heated, and the air in the condensing tube 7 spontaneously flows. Fresh water is continuously produced and flows out of the sea water desalination device from the fresh water pipe 6. And opening the concentrated seawater valve 5 to discharge the concentrated seawater before sunrise in the next day. And seawater is injected from the seawater inlet 9 to start a seawater desalination operation of the new day.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a small-size passive solar energy sea water desalination device, its structure includes transparent material, shell, insulating layer, photo-thermal plate, condenser pipe, sea water jar, sea water pipe, fresh water pipe, dense sea water valve, its characterized in that: the transparent material is arranged on the top surface of the shell, the condenser is arranged in the center of the shell, a heat insulating layer is formed by filling heat insulating materials between the side surface of the bottom surface of the condenser and the shell, the seawater tank is arranged in the center of the condenser, the top surface of the condenser is sealed by the photo-thermal plate, the water absorbing materials on the lower surface of the photo-thermal plate drop to the bottom of the seawater tank, the seawater pipe is connected with a concentrated seawater valve outside the seawater tank and the shell, seawater inlets are arranged on the seawater pipe, two groups of condensing pipes are arranged on the two sides of the seawater tank, the ports on the two ends of the condensing pipes are all arranged outside the shell, the ports on the two ends of the condensing pipes are not equal, the inclination directions of the adjacent condensing pipes are the same or opposite, the bottom surface of the condenser is communicated with the fresh water pipe, the concentrated seawater valve is closed, a rated amount of seawater is injected from the seawater inlets, sunlight irradiates on the photo-thermal plate through the transparent material to be converted into heat, the seawater in the photo-thermal plate absorbs and evaporates into steam, the seawater in the seawater tank is supplemented along the upper direction of the water absorbing materials, the steam condenses into fresh water on the outer surface of the condensing pipe, the air absorbs the heat in the condensation pipe moves upwards, the cold air enters the condensing pipe from the low end ports of the condensing pipe, is discharged from the high end ports after being heated, the fresh water flows in the condensing pipe, the fresh water flows spontaneously and flows out of the fresh water pipe and desalinating device.
2. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fresh water pipe is externally connected with a fresh water container with a steam condensing function.
3. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the housing is made of plastic or metal material.
4. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the insulating layer is polyurethane foam filled between the housing and the condenser.
5. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the condenser is made of polypropylene.
6. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seawater tank is made of polypropylene.
7. A small-sized passive solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the condenser pipe is made of stainless steel, and stainless steel wires are filled in the condenser pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211432156.8A CN116282294A (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2022-11-07 | Small passive solar sea water desalting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211432156.8A CN116282294A (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2022-11-07 | Small passive solar sea water desalting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116282294A true CN116282294A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
Family
ID=86794763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211432156.8A Pending CN116282294A (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2022-11-07 | Small passive solar sea water desalting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116282294A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008264748A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-11-06 | Nobuaki Debari | Seawater desalination device |
| DE202011051461U1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2011-11-04 | Nader Khalil Ghattas | Mobile solar water desalination plant |
| CN106927531A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-07 | 北京理工大学 | Half immersion solar seawater desalination system |
| CN207210009U (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-04-10 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of solar energy bubbling humidifies semiconductor sea water desalinating unit |
| CN111994985A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with water storage and condensation functions |
| CN113603173A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-05 | 南通大学 | Split type seawater desalination device based on carbon-based energy storage material and desalination scheme |
-
2022
- 2022-11-07 CN CN202211432156.8A patent/CN116282294A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008264748A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-11-06 | Nobuaki Debari | Seawater desalination device |
| DE202011051461U1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2011-11-04 | Nader Khalil Ghattas | Mobile solar water desalination plant |
| CN106927531A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-07 | 北京理工大学 | Half immersion solar seawater desalination system |
| CN207210009U (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-04-10 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of solar energy bubbling humidifies semiconductor sea water desalinating unit |
| CN111994985A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with water storage and condensation functions |
| CN113603173A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-05 | 南通大学 | Split type seawater desalination device based on carbon-based energy storage material and desalination scheme |
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