CN116267909A - 一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药及其灭鼠方法 - Google Patents
一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药及其灭鼠方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及的是一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药及其灭鼠方法,其中防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药由走马芹根药液和蚯蚓干制备而成,用750g走马芹根药液浸泡500g蚯蚓干,待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药,再把鼠药晾干后封装。本发明为高效、环保的植物毒素灭鼠药,投掷药物省时省力,可以在野山参大规模种植中推广应用,使野山参在长期的繁育过程中保证苗木的存活率,最终达到增产增收的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及灭鼠药,具体涉及的是一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药及其灭鼠方法。
背景技术
鼢鼠是人参种植业中,鼠类危害严重的一种。食物主要以植物的地下部分,亦食植物的茎叶和地下害虫,尤其喜食块根、块茎及植物的种子。在种植野山参的林地中,经常在地面上看到一道道被拱起的土层,这就是鼢鼠挖的地洞,鼢鼠打洞形成的纵横交错的通道往往拱断参根,同时也给其他田鼠活动创造条件。它们挖洞做窝,咬断参根,吞食参床的参籽,造成大面积参地缺苗、枯死现象,引起人参大规模减产。野山参培育是十五年以上长期的产业,随着参龄越长价格越贵,在实施的长期管护过程中,鼢鼠对野山参培育一次的危害都可能会造成不可估量的经济损失,如果防治不利,将持续导致野山参成活率和保存率大幅度下降,严重影响野山参培育的进程和成果,使经济效益降低,极大影响群众种参的积极性。
野山参基地在长期培育野山参的过程中,针对危害参苗严重的鼢鼠采取过不同的方法:灭鼠夹、灭鼠陷阱、磷化锌配制的灭鼠药,也都取得一定的防治效果。开始时采用自制的灭鼠夹和灭鼠陷阱,随着参地面积的扩大,需要的灭鼠夹等工具逐年增加,工具每年的损耗也很大,投入的人工加大,这些问题的出现导致灭鼠夹和灭鼠陷阱不再使用。采用磷化锌配制的灭鼠药,磷化锌是化学剧毒药剂,配制、储存、投放过程都存在一定的皮肤接触中毒的风险性,也存在鼢鼠中毒后再被其他动物服食后二次中毒的危害,所以进一步探讨和研究植物制剂的灭鼠措施。
发明内容
本发明的目的是一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药,这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药用于解决现有灭鼢鼠采用的方法和工具存在人工劳动量大或可能引起工作人员或其他动物中毒的问题,本发明的另一个目的是提供这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的灭鼠方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药由走马芹根药液和蚯蚓干制备而成,用750g走马芹根药液浸泡500g蚯蚓干,待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药,再把鼠药晾干后封装。
上述方案中防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的制备方法:
A. 煎制调配湿料:取走马芹根3500g,加3倍的水煎制,煎至剩余750g药液,得到走马芹根药液,将走马芹根药液晾凉;
B. 制作饵料:把500g的蚯蚓干浸泡到750g走马芹根药液中;
C. 制得成品:待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药粒,再把鼠药粒晾干后封装。
上述防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的灭鼠方法:
在种植野山参的林地中,寻找地面上一道道被拱起的土层,这一道道被拱起的土层是鼢鼠挖的鼠洞,在鼠洞上表面用木棍捅出孔洞,把1-2粒用细白线绳拴好的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药通过孔洞投放到鼠洞中,看到鼠洞随时捅出孔洞投掷鼠药粒,投掷完鼠药后再把孔洞用土盖好;鼢鼠喜食蚯蚓,喜欢其味道,投掷后鼢鼠很快顺着气味服食,服食后鼢鼠死掉。
更进一步的是:向鼠洞被捅出孔洞投掷拴好细白线绳的鼠药粒后,覆盖好土,顺便在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记,第二天,来到标记处,观察踩下的两脚处,是否又被拱起,如未被拱起,拴好细白线绳的鼠药也没动,说明该鼠洞暂时没有鼢鼠通过,暂时不用再向这条鼠洞投掷鼠药粒;如踩下的两脚处,被拱起,则继续用木棍在该鼠洞捅出孔洞,投掷1-2粒拴好细白线绳的鼠药粒,并在投药位置的左右各踩下一脚,同时在附近做好标记,第三天再来标记处,观察踩下的两脚处是否被拱起,并重复第二天的做法,第四天、第五天……依此类推,此时鼠药不用再拴细线绳,只是每次投掷鼠药后都在鼠洞投药位置的左右各踩一脚,观察直至该鼠洞踩下的两脚处不再被拱起,说明该鼠洞内的鼢鼠全被鼠药粒毒死。
有益效果
1、 本发明为高效、环保的植物毒素灭鼠药,投掷药物省时省力,可以在野山参大规模种植中推广应用,使野山参在长期的繁育过程中保证苗木的存活率,最终达到增产增收的目的。
2、本发明适口性好。该灭鼠药参入鼢鼠喜食之物,投掷后鼢鼠很快顺着气味服食。
3、本发明对牲畜安全。该灭鼠药直接被投掷到鼢鼠洞内,所以不会出现被野生动物和牲畜误食的情况发生。
4、 本发明操作简单,节省人工;投掷省时省力、无需专业人士操作,看到鼠洞随时投掷,无需专人看护等待,一走一过基本可以断定地面被拱出的洞内的鼢鼠是否服食鼠药而死亡。通过每次投掷鼠药后,可以观察到鼠洞的直径越来越小,可以断定大的鼢鼠被毒杀后,小的鼢鼠在鼠洞内通过。
5、本发明原料易得。走马芹生长于山谷、林下、沟边的草丛中。
6、药物不会产生污染。走马芹是一种多年生草本植物,在人参地周边自然环境下生长很多,用其配制的药物不会对土地造成污染。因为具有以上明显的优势,所以非常有利于在野山参大规模种植中推广应用,具有非常明显的竞争力。
下面对本发明做进一步说明:
这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药由走马芹根药液和蚯蚓干制备而成,用750g走马芹根药液浸泡500g蚯蚓干,待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药,再把鼠药晾干后封装。
这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的制备方法:
A. 煎制调配湿料:取走马芹根3500g,将走马芹根用水清洗,切成小段,加3倍的水煎制,煎制剩余750g药液,得到走马芹根药液,将走马芹根药液晾凉;
B. 制作饵料:把500g的蚯蚓干浸泡到750g走马芹根药液中,使蚯蚓干在走马芹根药液中均匀分散,蚯蚓干开始吸收走马芹根药液;
C. 制得成品:待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药,可以做成球状颗粒,也可以做成长粒(椭圆状颗粒),揉制使颗粒圆滑,再把鼠药晾干后封装。
在制作过程中做好安全措施,带好隔离手套、注意排风、带好防毒面具,以防止皮肤直接接触和吸入蒸汽中毒。
上述防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的灭鼠方法:
在种植野山参的林地中,寻找地面上一道道被拱起的土层,这一道道被拱起的土层是鼢鼠挖的鼠洞通道,在地洞上表面用木棍捅出孔洞,把1-2粒用细白线绳拴好的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药通过孔洞投放到鼠洞中,再用土把孔洞盖好,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记。看到鼠洞随时捅出孔洞投掷,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚。鼢鼠喜食蚯蚓,喜欢其味道,投掷后鼢鼠很快顺着气味服食,服食后鼢鼠死掉;看到鼠洞随时投掷,无需专人看护等待,一走一过基本可以断定地面被踩的鼠洞内的鼢鼠是否服食鼠药而死亡。
走马芹是山林里自然生长的有毒植物,就地取材就可以用于配制吸引鼢鼠取食、毒杀鼢鼠的植物成分的丸剂,经过保守实验,已经取得较好的灭鼢鼠的效果。
每条鼠洞均会存在一鼠窝,鼠窝里的鼢鼠数量不等,有一两只的,有多只的,也存在一窝鼢鼠被毒杀后,一段时间之后鼢鼠洞被迁移来的新的鼢鼠继续使用的情况。
实施例
在种植野山参的林地中,寻找地面上一道道被拱起的土层,这一道道被拱起的土层是鼢鼠挖的鼠洞,在地洞上表面用木棍捅出孔洞,把1-2粒用细白线绳拴好的灭鼠药通过孔洞投放到鼠洞中,再用土把孔洞盖好,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记,第二天,来到标记处,观察拴好细白线绳的鼠药是否还在,如鼠药还在,再观察踩下的两处,是否又被拱起,如未被拱起,说明该鼠洞内暂时没有鼢鼠通过,或者该鼠洞里已经没有鼢鼠,此时不用再向这条鼠洞投掷鼠药粒,等到投掷的药物被吃掉,鼢鼠洞被踩的位置的土被拱起时,再继续投掷鼢鼠药。
实施例
在种植野山参的林地中,寻找地面上一道道被拱起的土层,这一道道被拱起的土层是鼢鼠挖的鼠洞,在地洞上表面用木棍捅出孔洞,把1-2粒用细白线绳拴好的灭鼠药通过孔洞投放到鼠洞中,投掷完鼠药后再把孔洞用土盖好。再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记;第二天,来到标记处,观察拴好细白线绳的鼠药是否还在,观察踩下的两脚处,是否又被拱起,如鼠药不在细白线绳上,踩下的两脚处被拱起,则继续用木棍在该鼠洞捅出孔洞,投掷1-2粒用细白线绳拴好的鼠药粒,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记;第三天再来标记处,观察拴好细白线绳的鼠药是否还在,观察踩下的两脚处是否被拱起,如鼠药不在了,踩下的两脚处被拱起,则继续用木棍在该鼠洞捅出孔洞,投掷1-2粒鼠药粒(此次开始不用再把鼢鼠药用细线绳拴住),再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记;第四天、第五天依此类推,直至该鼠洞踩下的两脚处不再被拱起,表面该鼠洞内的鼢鼠全被鼠药粒毒死。说明这条鼠洞内的这窝鼢鼠多,但也已被全部毒死。
Claims (5)
1.一种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药,其特征在于:这种防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药由走马芹根药液和蚯蚓干制备而成,用750g走马芹根药液浸泡500g蚯蚓干,待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药,再把鼠药晾干后封装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药,其特征在于所述防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的制备方法包括如下步骤:
A. 煎制调配湿料:取走马芹根3500g,加3倍的水煎制,煎至剩余750g药液,得到走马芹根药液,将走马芹根药液晾凉;
B. 制作饵料:把500g的蚯蚓干浸泡到750g走马芹根药液中;
C. 制得成品:待蚯蚓干吸收完走马芹根药液后,将吸收药剂的蚯蚓干按照每颗1.2g的重量制作鼠药粒,再把鼠药粒晾干后封装。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药,其特征在于所述鼠药粒为球状颗粒或椭圆状颗粒。
4.一种权利要求3所述的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的灭鼠方法,其特征在于:在种植野山参的林地中,寻找地面上一道道被拱起的土层,这一道道被拱起的土层是鼢鼠挖的鼠洞,在鼠洞上表面用木棍捅出孔洞,把所述防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药用细白线绳拴好,通过孔洞投放到鼠洞中,再用土把孔洞盖好,在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,如此,看到鼠洞随时捅出孔洞投掷,并再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚;鼢鼠喜食蚯蚓,喜欢其味道,投掷后鼢鼠很快顺着气味服食,服食后鼢鼠死掉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防治林下鼢鼠鼠害的植物毒素灭鼠药的灭鼠方法,其特征在于:向鼠洞被捅出孔洞投掷用细白线绳拴好的鼠药粒后,再用土把孔洞盖好,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,在附近做好标记,第二天,来到标记处,观察拴好细白线绳的鼠药粒是否还在,观察踩下的两脚处,是否又被拱起,如未被拱起,鼠药粒还在,该鼠洞内暂时没有鼢鼠通过,或者该鼠洞里已经没有鼢鼠,暂时不用再向这条鼠洞投掷鼠药粒;如踩下的两脚处,被拱起,拴好细白线绳的鼠药粒不在了,则继续用木棍在该鼠洞捅出孔洞,投掷1-2粒鼠药粒,再用土把孔洞盖好,再在鼠洞投掷药物位置的左右各踩一脚,同时在附近做好标记,第三天再来标记处,观察拴好细白线绳的鼠药粒是否还在,观察踩下的两脚处是否被拱起,并重复第二天的做法,此次开始不用再把鼠药粒用细线绳拴住,第四天、第五天依此类推,直至该鼠洞踩下的两脚处不再被拱起,说明该鼠洞内的鼢鼠全被鼠药粒毒死。
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