CN116265914A

CN116265914A - Sample analyzer and method of using the same

Info

Publication number: CN116265914A
Application number: CN202111543085.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱金宏
Original assignee: Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-16
Filing date: 2021-12-16
Publication date: 2023-06-20

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a sample analyzer and a using method thereof. The first optical system of the sample analyzer includes: a first light source; a first diaphragm, a first optical module, a second diaphragm, and a first photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the first light beam; wherein the first optical module comprises at least one optical element for converging the first light beam and a reaction liquid container; the first optical module is arranged between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm; the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container; the second diaphragm is disposed between the reaction liquid container and the first photodetector. According to the embodiment of the invention, the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container, and the first diaphragm is arranged at or near the object-image conjugate point of the optical module between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm, so that the stray light is effectively filtered, the stray light entering the light detector in the measuring process of the instrument is effectively reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sample analyzer is further improved.

Description

Sample analyzer and method of using the same

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a sample analyzer and a using method thereof.

Background

A sample analyzer, which is an instrument used for detecting and analyzing biochemical substances in the field of medical instruments.

Currently, when absorbance measurement is performed by the first optical system of the sample analyzer, there is a problem that measurement sensitivity is insufficient due to the presence of stray light. For example, in some optical systems of sample analyzers, a light beam emitted from a light source passes through a reaction liquid container containing a reaction liquid, and then enters a photodetector through a diaphragm, and the light intensity detected by the photodetector includes stray light in addition to the transmitted light intensity passing through the reaction liquid, thereby resulting in insufficient measurement sensitivity.

Disclosure of Invention

The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

The embodiment of the invention provides a sample analyzer and a use method thereof, which can effectively reduce stray light in the measuring process of the analyzer, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the sample analyzer.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer, including: a sample component for carrying a sample; the sample dispensing mechanism is used for sucking the sample and discharging the sample; a reagent component for carrying a reagent; the reagent dispensing mechanism is used for sucking the reagent and discharging the reagent; a first optical system for performing a light measurement on a reaction liquid prepared from at least the sample and the reagent; the first optical system includes: a first light source for emitting a first light beam; a first diaphragm, a first optical module, a second diaphragm, and a first photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the first light beam; wherein the first optical module comprises at least one optical element for converging the first light beam and a reaction liquid container; the first optical module is arranged between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm; the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container; the second diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the first light detector; the distance between the object image conjugate point of the second diaphragm and the first diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam is less than or equal to 10 millimeters.

In an alternative embodiment, the first diaphragm is located at an object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm with respect to the first optical module.

In an alternative embodiment, the width of the first diaphragm is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the second diaphragm; wherein the first magnification is 0.8-2 times of the magnification of the first diaphragm relative to the second diaphragm in the first optical module.

In an alternative embodiment, the first magnification is equal to a magnification of the first diaphragm relative to the second diaphragm in the first optical module.

In an alternative embodiment, the opening of the first diaphragm is the same shape as the opening of the second diaphragm.

In an alternative embodiment, the shape of the first diaphragm is a slit, a circle, an ellipse or a rectangle; the second diaphragm is in a slit, a round, an oval or a rectangle.

In an alternative embodiment, the first diaphragm is a slit and/or the second diaphragm is a slit.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam includes a first optical element disposed between the reaction liquid container and the second diaphragm for converging the first light beam toward the second diaphragm.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam comprises a second optical element, which is arranged between the first diaphragm and the reaction liquid container for converging the first light beam towards the reaction liquid container.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes: and a third optical element arranged along the optical axis of the first light beam and used for converging the first light beam, wherein the third optical element is arranged between the light source and the first diaphragm and used for converging the first light beam to the first diaphragm.

In an alternative embodiment, the first light source is a halogen lamp and/or the first light source has a diameter of less than or equal to 10 mm.

In an alternative embodiment, the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further comprises a second optical module, the second optical module being arranged between the first light source and the second diaphragm, the second diaphragm being arranged within 10 mm of an image plane position formed by the first light source relative to the second optical module along an optical axis of the first light beam, the second optical module comprising at least one optical element arranged along the optical axis of the first light beam for converging the first light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the optical element is a convex lens or a concave mirror.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes: the grating is arranged behind the second diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam and is used for diffracting and splitting the first light beam to form a component light beam; a slit array disposed in front of the first photodetector along an optical axis of the split beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes: at least one narrow band filter is disposed in front of the second diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the number of the narrowband filters is plural, and the plural narrowband filters have different center wavelengths.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes: the optical element, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are all arranged in the lens barrel structure, and the central axis of the lens barrel structure is the optical axis of the first light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the optical channel of the first light detector is arranged coaxially with the optical axis of the first light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises a controller and a drive mechanism; the controller is used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm to enter the light path of the first light beam or leave the light path of the first light beam when the first test item is switched to the second test item.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises: a second optical system for optically measuring the reaction solution; and a controller, a transfer mechanism; the second optical system includes: a second light source for emitting a second light beam; a third optical module, a third diaphragm, and a second photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the second light beam; wherein the third optical module comprises the reaction liquid container and at least one optical element for converging the second light beam; the third optical module is arranged between the second light source and the third diaphragm; the third diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the second light detector; no diaphragm is arranged between the second light source and the reaction liquid container; when the test item is a first test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to a first optical system for testing; when the test item is a second test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to the second optical system for testing.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises a controller and a drive mechanism for: when a first test item is switched to a second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to switch the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths; and/or when the first test item is switched to the second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to adjust the position of the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm on the optical axis of the first light beam.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using a sample analyzer, including: the sample needle sucks the sample and discharges the sample into a reaction liquid container to be added with the sample; the reagent needle sucks the reagent and discharges the reagent into a reaction liquid container to be added with the reagent; performing a light measurement on a reaction solution formed at least by a sample and a reagent; wherein: when the first test item is switched to the second test item, controlling the light measurement mode of the reaction liquid to be switched from the first mode to the second mode; the first mode and the second mode have different radiant fluxes; the first mode is to carry out light measurement on the reaction liquid by using a first optical system; the first optical system includes: a first light source for emitting a first light beam; a first diaphragm, a first optical module, a second diaphragm, and a first photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the first light beam; wherein the first optical module comprises at least one optical element for converging the first light beam and a reaction liquid container; the first optical module is arranged between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm; the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container; the second diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the first light detector; the distance between the object image conjugate point of the second diaphragm and the first diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam is less than or equal to 10 millimeters.

In an alternative embodiment, the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to perform optical measurement on the reaction solution, where the first mode is that the first diaphragm adds the optical axis of the first light beam, and the second mode is that the first diaphragm leaves the optical axis of the first light beam; alternatively, the first mode is to optically measure the reaction solution by using a first optical system, and the second mode is to optically measure the reaction solution by using a second optical system; the second optical system includes: a second light source for emitting a second light beam; a third optical module, a third diaphragm, and a second photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the second light beam; wherein the third optical module comprises the reaction liquid container and at least one optical element for converging the second light beam; the third optical module is arranged between the second light source and the third diaphragm; the third diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the second light detector; no diaphragm is arranged between the second light source and the reaction liquid container; alternatively, the first mode and the second mode each use a first optical system to optically measure the reaction solution, and the first mode and the second mode each have the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm having different widths; alternatively, the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to optically measure the reaction liquid, wherein the position of the first diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the first diaphragm in the second mode, and/or the position of the second diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the second diaphragm in the second mode;

Compared with the related art, the sample analyzer provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container, and the first diaphragm is arranged at or near the object-image conjugate point of the optical module between the first light source and the reaction liquid container, so that the stray light is effectively filtered, the stray light entering the light detector in the measuring process of the analyzer is effectively reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sample analyzer is further improved.

It will be appreciated that the advantages of the second aspect compared with the related art are the same as those of the first aspect compared with the related art, and reference may be made to the related description in the first aspect, which is not repeated here.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuitry architecture of a sample analyzer provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an optical path configuration of a sample analyzer;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another optical path configuration of the sample analyzer;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the photometric analysis item of the sample analyzer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of light passing through a second aperture during measurement by the sample analyzer;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an optical system of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of light passing through a second aperture during measurement by a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an optical system of a sample analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10a is a schematic view of a first diaphragm structure in a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10b is a schematic view of a second diaphragm in a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11a is a schematic view of a first diaphragm structure in a sample analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11b is a schematic view of a second diaphragm structure in a sample analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

the device comprises a functional module 10, an input module 20, a display module 30, a memory 40, a controller 50 and an alarm module 60;

a sample part 11, a sample dispensing mechanism 12, a reagent part 13, a reagent dispensing mechanism 14, a mixing mechanism 15, a reaction part 16 and a photometric part 17;

the first light source 101, the first lens 111, the first diaphragm 171, the second lens 112, the reaction liquid container 121, the third lens 113, the fourth lens 114, the second diaphragm 172, the grating 131, the stray light eliminating filter 141, the slit array 151, the first photodetector 161; a fifth lens 115, a seventh lens 117, a sixth lens 116, and a narrowband filter 231.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced in other embodiments, which depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the embodiments of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

It should be noted that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different from that in the flowchart. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

It should also be appreciated that references to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like described in the specification of an embodiment of the present invention mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.

Before explaining the present invention in detail, a description will be given of the structure of the sample analysis device.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment discloses a sample analysis device, which includes at least one functional module 10 (or one or more functional modules 10), an input module 20, a display module 30, a memory 40, a controller 50, and an alarm module 60, which are described below.

Each functional module 10 is used for performing at least one function required in the sample analysis process, and the functional modules 10 cooperate together to perform the sample analysis to obtain a sample analysis result. Referring to fig. 2, a sample analyzer according to an embodiment is shown, in which the functional module 10 is exemplified. For example, the functional module 10 may include a sample block 11, a sample dispensing mechanism 12, a reagent block 13, a reagent dispensing mechanism 14, a mixing mechanism 15, a reaction block 16, a photometric block 17, and the like.

The sample part 11 is used for carrying a sample. Sample assembly 11 may include sample distribution modules (SDM, sample Delivery Module) and front end rails in some examples; in other examples, the sample part 11 may also be a sample tray comprising a plurality of sample positions in which sample receptacles, such as sample tubes, may be placed, the sample tray being adapted to be moved to a corresponding position by rotating its tray structure, such as a position in which sample is drawn by the sample dispensing mechanism 12.

The sample dispensing mechanism 12 is used to aspirate and discharge a sample into a reaction cup (i.e., a reaction liquid container) to be loaded with the sample. For example, the sample dispensing mechanism 12 may comprise a sample needle that is moved in two or three dimensions spatially by a two or three dimensional drive mechanism so that the sample needle can be moved to aspirate the sample carried by the sample part 11 and to move to the cuvette to be loaded and discharge the sample to the cuvette.

The reagent component 13 is for carrying a reagent. In one embodiment, the reagent component 13 may be a reagent disk, where the reagent disk is configured in a disk-shaped structure and has a plurality of positions for carrying reagent containers, and the reagent component 13 can rotate and drive the reagent containers carried by the reagent component to rotate to a specific position, for example, a position where the reagent is sucked by the reagent dispensing mechanism 14. The number of reagent parts 13 may be one or more.

The reagent dispensing mechanism 14 is used to aspirate and discharge the reagent into the cuvette to be filled with the reagent. In one embodiment, the reagent dispensing mechanism 14 may comprise a reagent needle that is moved in two or three dimensions spatially by a two or three dimensional drive mechanism so that the reagent needle can be moved to aspirate the reagent carried by the reagent component 13 and to move to and discharge the reagent to the cuvette to be filled with the reagent.

The mixing mechanism 15 is used for mixing the reaction liquid to be mixed in the reaction cup. The number of mixing mechanisms 15 may be one or more.

The reaction part 16 has at least one place for placing a reaction cup (i.e., a reaction liquid container) and incubating the reaction liquid in the reaction cup. For example, the reaction component 16 may be a reaction disk, which is arranged in a disk-like structure, and has one or more placement sites for placing reaction cups, and the reaction disk can rotate and drive the reaction cups in the placement sites to rotate, so as to schedule the reaction cups in the reaction disk and incubate the reaction liquid in the reaction cups.

The photodetection unit 17 is configured to photodetect the reaction solution after incubation, and obtain reaction data of the sample. For example, the photodetection means 17 detects the luminescence intensity of the reaction solution to be measured, and calculates the concentration of the component to be measured in the sample from the calibration curve. In one embodiment, the photodetection part 17 is separately provided outside the reaction part 16. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the optical measurement component 17 may include a first optical system as follows; in other embodiments, the photometric component 17 can include a first optical system and a second optical system as follows.

The foregoing is illustrative of some of the functional modules 10 and the following continues with the description of other components and structures in the sample analysis device.

The input module 20 is for receiving input from a user. Typically, the input module 20 may be a mouse, a keyboard, etc., and in some cases may also be a touch display screen, which brings about functions for a user to input and display content, so that in this example the input module 20 and the display module 30 are integrated. Of course, in some examples, the input module 20 may even be a voice input device or the like that brings up recognition voice.

The display module 30 may be used to display information. In some embodiments, the sample analysis device itself may incorporate a display module, and in some embodiments, the sample analysis device may be connected to a computer device (e.g., a computer) to display information via a display unit (e.g., a display screen) of the computer device, which falls within the scope of the display module 30 herein.

It should be noted that, the structure of the sample analyzer described in the embodiment of the present invention is to more clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of the device architecture and the appearance of the new application scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to similar technical problems.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the sample analyzer shown in fig. 1 and 2 is not limiting of the embodiments of the invention and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components.

In the application of the sample analyzer of the related art, the applicant found that the sensitivity of the partial immunodetection item is insufficient, which is based on the fact that unwanted stray light is scattered and changed in angle when passing through the reaction cup during absorbance measurement by the optical system, so that the unwanted stray light can be detected by the photodetector through the second diaphragm behind the reaction liquid container. The following description is made in connection with two exemplary measuring light paths.

As a first typical measurement light path, a schematic diagram of a typical light path of a post-grating spectroscopic optical system commonly used for a sample analyzer is shown in fig. 3. The first light beam emitted by the first light source 101 is converged and shaped by the first lens 111 and the second lens 112, passes through the reaction liquid container 121, is converged and passed through the incident slit (which is an implementation mode of the second diaphragm 172) by the third lens 113 and the fourth lens 114, is diffracted and split by the concave flat-field grating (grating 131) and forms a spectrum image on the slit array 151, and the first light detector 161 completes multi-wavelength photoelectric conversion to realize multi-wavelength spectrum absorbance measurement of the reaction liquid in the reaction liquid container 121. Since the spectral bandwidth of the measurement wavelength cannot be too large, the width of the entrance slit (second stop 172) is relatively small. Due to the limitation of optical aberration, it is difficult to limit the beam width of all the bands at the entrance slit (second stop 172) to be equivalent to the slit width while securing optical efficiency in a wide band, that is, the beam width at the entrance end of the entrance slit (second stop 172) is generally larger than the entrance slit (second stop 172) as shown in fig. 6.

As a second exemplary measuring optical path, a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical path of a filter spectroscopic optical system commonly used for a sample analyzer is shown in fig. 4. The light beam emitted from the first light source 101 is shaped by the fifth lens 115, passes through the reaction liquid container 121, is converged by the sixth lens 116, passes through the narrow band filter 231, and reaches the first photodetector 161. The plurality of narrowband filters 231 with different center wavelengths filter the composite light into a spectrum with a narrow spectral bandwidth, so as to realize the measurement of the absorbance of the multi-wavelength spectrum. In order to reduce stray light and to improve absorbance sensitivity of the reaction liquid, a second diaphragm 172 (which is another embodiment of the second diaphragm 172) is generally provided in the optical path to block stray light and match in size with the size of the detector. Due to the limitation of optical aberration, it is difficult to ensure optical efficiency in a wide band of wavelengths, and meanwhile, the beam width at the aperture of all the wavelengths is limited to be equal to the aperture size, that is, the beam width at the incident end of the second aperture 172 is generally larger than the size of the second aperture 172, as shown in fig. 6, that is, after passing through the lens, a part of the light of the beam is blocked by the second aperture 172 to become "blocked light"; a portion of the light passes through the second stop 172 as "passed light".

In a sample analyzer, the principle of photometric measurement is described as follows:

as shown in FIG. 5, wherein I ₀ For the intensity of incident light, it is I, which is the intensity detected in the biochemical analyzer when the reaction vessel is usually air or purified water ₀ The transmitted light intensity scattered and attenuated by the particulate matters in the reaction liquid meets the following conditions:

It＝I ₀ e ^-τ·L (1)

wherein L is the length of the reaction solution in the light path direction, i.e. the light path, so that the turbidity coefficient τ=2.3kc, k is the absorption coefficient, and C is the concentration of the measured object, and the absorbance a of the reaction solution satisfies:

in practical measurement, the error in absorbance needs to be small enough to ensure sensitivity and precision of the clinical item in the measurement range.

When the reaction liquid container 121 is purified water or air, the light intensity of the light passing through the second diaphragm 172 is I ₀ . As shown in fig. 6, some of the light passes through the entrance slit (second stop 172) of fig. 3 and the second stop 172 of fig. 4, referred to as "passing light"; some of the light is blocked by the entrance slit (second stop 172) in FIG. 3 and the second stop 172 in FIG. 4, which is referred to as "blocked light" (also referred to as "invalid light", which is stray light), and "blocked light" is not included in I ₀ Among them.

In fig. 6, when the "desired blocked light" is incident on the reaction liquid in the reaction liquid container 121 at the front end, the light is scattered by the particles in the reaction liquid and deviates from the original light path, wherein a part of the light can pass through the incident slit (second diaphragm 172) in fig. 3 or can pass through the second diaphragm 172 in fig. 4 and be received by the light detector at the rear end, and if the received light intensity of the part is Δi, the absorbance a deviates from formula (2), and becomes:

As the turbidity degree of the reaction liquid increases, it becomes smaller, and DeltaI becomes larger gradually and finally reaches a basically unchanged value, so as the turbidity degree of the reaction liquid increases, the measurement error of absorbance A also increases, and when the concentration reaches a certain value, the absorbance no longer increases with the increase of the concentration.

Therefore, the "expected blocked light" of fig. 6 is one of the main causes of insufficient measurement sensitivity and large measurement error, and the optical path in which such a defect exists not only limits the sensitivity of the item but also limits the measurement range of the sample analyzer.

In order to solve the defects or shortcomings of the related art, the first diaphragm is additionally arranged in the optical path before the light beam is incident to the reaction liquid container 121, and the first diaphragm is arranged at or near the object-image conjugate point of the optical module between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm (the second diaphragm 172), so that the incidence of the undesired light beam to the reaction liquid container 121 can be reduced, and the purposes of improving the sensitivity of the photometric measurement and reducing the measurement error are achieved.

Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer, including:

a sample part 11 for carrying a sample;

a sample dispensing mechanism 12 for sucking up a sample and discharging the sample;

A reagent member 13 for carrying a reagent;

a reagent dispensing mechanism 14 for sucking up the reagent and discharging the reagent;

a photodetection unit 17; the photodetection part 17 includes a first optical system for photodetecting a reaction solution prepared from at least a sample and a reagent;

referring to fig. 7 and 9, the first optical system includes:

a first light source 101 for emitting a first light beam;

a first diaphragm 171, a first optical module, a second diaphragm 172, and a first photodetector 161 disposed along the optical axis of the first light beam;

wherein the first optical module includes at least one optical element for converging the first light beam and a reaction liquid container 121; the first optical module is disposed between the first diaphragm 171 and the second diaphragm 172;

the first diaphragm 171 is disposed between the first light source 101 and the reaction liquid container 121;

the second diaphragm 172 is provided between the reaction liquid container 121 and the first photodetector 161;

the distance between the object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 and the first diaphragm 171 along the optical axis of the first light beam is less than or equal to 10 mm.

In some embodiments, the first diaphragm 171 is disposed near any position in the optical path direction in front of the reaction liquid container 121 that is conjugate (corresponds to) the object image of the second diaphragm 172. For example, the first diaphragm 171 in fig. 7 may be disposed in the vicinity of any position (object image correspondence) conjugate to the entrance slit (second diaphragm 172) in front of the reaction liquid container 121 in the optical path direction; the first diaphragm 171 of fig. 9 may be disposed in the vicinity of any position (object image correspondence) conjugate to the second diaphragm 172 before the reaction liquid container 121 in the optical path direction.

In some embodiments, the reaction liquid container 121 in the optical path also serves as part of the first optical system, as the first light beam would pass through the reaction liquid container 121.

In some embodiments, the first diaphragm 171 being disposed near any position in the optical path direction in front of the reaction liquid container 121 that is conjugate (corresponds to the object image) to the object image of the second diaphragm 172 means that the distance between the object image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 with respect to the first optical module and the first diaphragm 171 along the optical axis of the first light beam is less than or equal to 10 mm; when the first diaphragm 171 is disposed near any position in the optical path direction in front of the reaction liquid container 121 that is conjugate (corresponds to an object image) with the object image of the second diaphragm 172, the first diaphragm 171 can block out the "light desired to be blocked" after being scattered by the reaction liquid in advance, and the desired blocked light duty ratio is reduced when reaching the photodetector at the rear end, thereby improving the sensitivity of the detector. In theory, the shielding effect is optimal when the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are conjugated with respect to the object image of the first optical module, but the optimal position point of the first diaphragm is shifted due to different light path settings and different measurement requirements. When the object conjugate point of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm relative to the first optical module is smaller than or equal to 10 millimeters along the optical axis path, the optical module can have a better effect on the light which is expected to be blocked. According to the invention, the distance between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm along the optical axis relative to the object image conjugate point of the first optical module refers to the length value between the position of the first diaphragm and the path along the optical axis between the position of the first diaphragm and the object image conjugate point.

Taking the first optical system of the sample analyzer of fig. 7 as an example, the test values of the first diaphragm 171 at different positions are shown in table one; the test conditions were halogen lamp sources with wavelength λ=340 nm. The radiation flux corresponding to each test position is a relative value with respect to the radiation flux of the first diaphragm 171 located at a position of-2.15 mm from the object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 with respect to the first optical module (100.00%), wherein the desired blocked light ratio is the detection result of the light beam before entering the second diaphragm (entrance slit), and the radiation flux is the detection result of the light beam reaching the first photodetector.

List one

In table one, the fact that the first diaphragm is positive at the object-image conjugate point position means that the first diaphragm 171 is closer to the first light source 101 than the position 0; a negative value of the first diaphragm position at the object-image conjugate point means that the first diaphragm 171 is closer to the reaction liquid container 121 than the position 0. When the object-image conjugate point position of the first diaphragm 171 is 0, it means that the first diaphragm 171 is just located at the position of the second diaphragm 172 about the object-image conjugate point of the first optical module, and at this time, the first diaphragm is located in the light beam before entering the second diaphragm (the entrance slit), that is, in the light beam blocked by the first diaphragm, the desired blocked light beam accounts for 43.8%; the final radiant flux was 89.75%. When the position of the object-image conjugate point of the first diaphragm 171 is-2.15 mm, it means that the first diaphragm 171 is located at a distance of-2.15 mm from the second diaphragm 172 with respect to the object-image conjugate point of the first optical module, that is, when the light beam passes through the first diaphragm 171, most of the light that is expected to be blocked is blocked, and the proportion of the light that is expected to be blocked is only 31.1%. The position of the actual first diaphragm 171 may be selected according to the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirement, the sensitivity of measurement and the requirement, and different wavelengths of different light paths may cause the optimal point to deviate from the conjugate point of the object image. For example, the first diaphragm 171 may be disposed at a position less than or equal to 5 mm from the object-image conjugate point along the optical axis of the first light beam, that is, the upper limit (direction close to the first light source 101) of the position of the first diaphragm 171 at the object-image conjugate point may be 5 mm, and the lower limit (direction close to the reaction liquid container 121) may be-5 mm; the first diaphragm 171 may also be disposed at a position less than or equal to 10 mm from the object-image conjugate point along the optical axis of the first light beam, that is, the upper limit (in the direction close to the first light source 101) of the position of the first diaphragm 171 at the object-image conjugate point may be 10 mm, and the lower limit (in the direction close to the reaction liquid container 121) may be-10 mm; the first diaphragm can shade expected shielded light rays, and the sensitivity of measurement is improved. The addition of the first diaphragm causes a reduction in the radiation flux compared to the absence of the first diaphragm. When the first diaphragm is positioned at a point of conjugation with the object image of more than 10 mm up to 12 mm, the desired blocked light duty cycle increases while also affecting the radiant flux (23.74% and 17.7%).

In an alternative embodiment, the first diaphragm 171 is located at the object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 with respect to the first optical module.

In an alternative embodiment, the width of the first diaphragm 171 is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the second diaphragm 172; wherein the first magnification is 0.8-2 times the magnification of the first diaphragm 171 in the first optical module relative to the second diaphragm 172.

In some embodiments, the width of the first stop 171 is related to the object magnification of the entrance slit (second stop 172) and the width of the entrance slit (second stop 172). Referring to fig. 7, in the first optical module composed of the lens group between the first diaphragm 171 and the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) and the reaction solution container 121, let the width of the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) be W, the magnification of the first diaphragm 171 with respect to the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) in the width direction be α, and α is the object magnification of the position of the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) with respect to the position of the first optical module at the first diaphragm 171; the theoretical width W' =w×α of the first diaphragm 171. In particular, since the aberration exists and the "passing light" in fig. 6 needs to be kept as small as possible, the width of the first diaphragm 171 can be determined according to the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirement, the sensitivity of the photometric measurement, the measurement error, and other requirements, and generally 0.8×w×α to 2.0×w×α is taken, that is, the first magnification is generally 0.8 to 2 times the magnification of the object images of the first diaphragm 171 and the second diaphragm 172.

In some embodiments, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are vertically disposed, and referring to fig. 10a and 10b, a width W' of the first diaphragm 171 is a horizontal opening size corresponding to the first diaphragm 171 at a central position; the width W of the second diaphragm 172 is the horizontal opening size of the second diaphragm 172 corresponding to the center position; in other embodiments, where the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are horizontally disposed, referring to fig. 11a and 11b, the width W' of the first diaphragm 171 is the vertical opening size corresponding to the central position of the first diaphragm 171; the width W of the second diaphragm 172 is the vertical opening size of the second diaphragm 172 corresponding to the center position.

Taking the first optical system of the sample analyzer of fig. 7 as an example, when the first diaphragm 171 and the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) use test values of different widths, as shown in table two. The test condition is a halogen lamp light source with wavelength lambda=340 nanometers, the first diaphragm 171 is positioned at a position which is 2.15 millimeters away from the object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 about the first optical module, and the width of the first diaphragm 171 is the horizontal opening size corresponding to the central position of the first diaphragm 171; the width of the second diaphragm 172 is the horizontal opening size corresponding to the center position of the second diaphragm 172. The radiant flux corresponding to each test position is a relative value based on the radiant flux (100.00%) when the first multiple is 1.58 times the theoretical value (object magnification α), wherein the desired blocked light ratio is the detection result of the light beam before entering the entrance slit (second stop), and the radiant flux is the detection result of the light beam reaching the first photodetector.

Watch II

In table two, the magnification α=1.086, when the first magnification is 1 with respect to the theoretical value (object magnification α), it represents that the first magnification is equal to the object magnification of the first diaphragm 171 and the second diaphragm 172, at this time, the desired blocked light before the entrance slit accounts for 8.20%, that is, after the light beam passes through the first diaphragm 171, most of the desired blocked light is blocked, and the radiant flux is reduced, and the final radiant flux is 81.46%; when the first multiple is 1.58 relative to the theoretical value (object magnification α), the desired blocked light before the entrance slit is 31.1% and the final radiant flux is 100%. The actual first multiple can be selected according to the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirement, the sensitivity of optical measurement, the measurement error and other requirements, and the possible selection range of different wavelengths of different light paths is different. Preferably, the lower limit of the first multiple relative to the theoretical value (the object image magnification α of the second diaphragm in the first optical module) may be 0.8 or 1, and the upper limit may be 1.5, 1.58, 2, in which case a better sensitivity may be achieved, while a larger radiation flux may be ensured. When the ratio thereof is 2.5, that is, when the first diaphragm width is large, the ability thereof to block the desired blocked light decreases. When the ratio thereof is 0.5, i.e., the first diaphragm width is small, the radiation flux decreases.

In an alternative embodiment, the first magnification is equal to the magnification of the first diaphragm 171 in the first optical module relative to the second diaphragm 172, where the blocked light is less.

In an alternative embodiment, the first diaphragm 171 is an optical element that has a blocking effect on light, and may be in the shape of a slit, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, or other irregular shape; the optical element of the second diaphragm 172 that has a blocking effect on light may be slit, circular, oval, rectangular or other irregular shape, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In an alternative embodiment, the opening of the first diaphragm 171 is the same shape as the opening of the second diaphragm 172. When the opening of the first diaphragm 171 is the same as the opening of the second diaphragm 172, the light passing through the first diaphragm 171 corresponds to the light passing through the second diaphragm 172, and a good effect of improving the measurement sensitivity can be obtained. In some embodiments, the opening of the first diaphragm 171 and the opening of the second diaphragm 172 may have different shapes, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In an alternative embodiment, the first diaphragm 171 is a slit, and/or the second diaphragm 172 is a slit, and the slit-shaped diaphragm can better meet the requirement of limiting the light beam in the sample detection light path.

In an alternative embodiment, the optical element is a convex lens or a concave mirror. The optical element may be any optical element having a light converging function, such as a convex lens or a concave mirror, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 7 or 9, in an alternative embodiment, the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam includes a first optical element disposed between the reaction solution container 121 and the second diaphragm 172 for converging the first light beam toward the second diaphragm 172. For example, the first optical element may be the third lens 113 and the fourth lens 114 as in fig. 7, or may be the sixth lens 116 as in fig. 9.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam includes a second optical element disposed between the first diaphragm 171 and the reaction liquid container 121 for converging the first light beam toward the reaction liquid container 121. For example, the second optical element may be the second lens 112 as in fig. 7, or may be the seventh lens 117 as in fig. 9.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes:

a third optical element for converging the first light beam, which is disposed along the optical axis of the first light beam, is disposed between the light source and the first diaphragm 171 for converging the first light beam toward the first diaphragm 171. For example, the third optical element may be the first lens 111 as in fig. 7, or may be the fifth lens 115 as in fig. 9.

The present invention can improve the sensitivity of detection by providing an optical element for converging the first light beam, for example, the third lens 113 and/or the fourth lens 114 and/or the second lens 112 and/or the first lens 111 in fig. 7, or the fifth lens 115 and/or the sixth lens 116 and/or the seventh lens 117 in fig. 9, to achieve light beam convergence.

In an alternative embodiment, the first light source 101 is a halogen lamp, and/or the diameter of the first light source 101 is less than or equal to 10 millimeters. The first light source 101 may be a halogen lamp, an LED lamp, an OLED lamp, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the first light source 101 may use a halogen lamp, which has a low cost and can reduce the production cost. Meanwhile, the smaller the diameter of the first light source 101, the more concentrated the energy, the more favorable the absorbance measurement error is reduced, and the sensitivity of the photometric measurement is improved.

In an alternative embodiment, the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam. The first beam may be a single beam or a multi-beam, such as a dual beam, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. In an embodiment, when the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam, more light is expected to be blocked, and the effects of improving the sensitivity of the photometric measurement and reducing the absorbance measurement error are more obvious.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further comprises a second optical module, the second optical module being arranged between the first light source 101 and the second diaphragm 172, the second diaphragm 172 being arranged within 10 mm of a distance along an optical axis of the first light beam from an image plane position formed by the first light source 101 with respect to the second optical module, the second optical module comprising at least one optical element arranged along the optical axis of the first light beam for converging the first light beam. The entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) is disposed at the spectral image plane position of the first light source 101 (the image plane position formed by the light source relative to the second optical module is also referred to as the light source conjugate point position), so that the spot size at the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) can be smaller, and less "invalid light" is blocked by the entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172). The entrance slit (second stop 172) may also be disposed within a preset range of the spectral image plane position from the first light source 101, for example, the preset range may be a range of ±10 millimeters of the spectral image position, according to actual needs. The second optical module is an equivalent optical system between the first light source 101 and the second diaphragm 172, for example, in the first optical system of the sample analyzer shown in fig. 7, the second optical module is composed of a first lens 111, a second lens 112, a reaction liquid container 121, a third lens 113, and a fourth lens 114; in the first optical system of the sample analyzer shown in fig. 9, the second optical module is composed of a fifth lens 115, a seventh lens 117, a reaction liquid container 121, and a sixth lens 116.

Taking the first optical system of the sample analyzer of fig. 7 as an example, the test values when the entrance slit (second stop 172) is at different distances from the image plane position of the light source are shown in table three below. The test condition is a halogen lamp light source with wavelength lambda=340 nanometers, the first diaphragm 171 is positioned at a position which is 2.15 millimeters away from the object-image conjugate point of the second diaphragm 172 about the first optical module, and the width of the first diaphragm 171 is the horizontal opening size corresponding to the central position of the first diaphragm 171; the width of the second diaphragm 172 is the horizontal opening size corresponding to the center position of the second diaphragm 172. The radiant flux corresponding to each test position is a relative value with respect to the radiant flux (100.00%) of the incident slit (second stop 172) at a distance of 0 from the image plane position of the light source, where the radiant flux is the detection result of the light beam reaching the first photodetector.

Watch III

In table three, when the position of the conjugate point of the light source is 0, the incident slit (the second diaphragm 172) represents that the incident slit (the second diaphragm 172) is just located at the image plane of the light source, and the radiant flux is 100%. An entrance slit (second stop 172) having a positive value at the source conjugate point position indicates that the entrance slit (second stop) is closer to the first source 101 than position 0; a negative value for the entrance slit (second stop 172) at the source conjugate point position means that the entrance slit (second stop) is farther from the first source 101 than at position 0. The position of the actual entrance slit (the second diaphragm 172) can be selected according to the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirement, the sensitivity of the photometric measurement, the measurement error and the like, and the different wavelengths of different light paths may cause the position of the optimal point and the conjugate point of the light source to deviate somewhat. For example, the entrance slit (second stop 172) may be disposed at a position less than or equal to 5 mm from the spectral image plane position of the first light source 101; the entrance slit (second stop 172) may also be disposed at a position less than or equal to 10 mm from the spectral image plane position of the first light source 101.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes:

a grating 131 disposed behind the second diaphragm 172 along an optical axis of the first light beam, for diffracting and splitting the first light beam to form component light beams;

the slit array 151 is disposed in front of the first photodetector 161 along the optical axis of the split beam.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the second diaphragm 172 may be a slit, the grating 131 may be a concave flat field grating, and the slit array 151 is disposed at the image plane position of the second diaphragm 172 with respect to the concave flat field grating and is disposed in close proximity to the first photodetector 161, so that a split beam formed after splitting may be detected by the first photodetector 161 through the slit array 151. In some embodiments, a stray light eliminating filter 141 for filtering stray light is further disposed in front of the concave flat image field grating.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further includes:

at least one narrowband filter 231 is disposed in front of the second stop 172 along the optical axis of the first light beam. The narrow-band filter is an optical device for selecting a required radiation wave band, the narrow-band filter 231 can be used for screening light rays with wavelengths to be detected, and the light beams are filtered by the narrow-band filter and then limited by the second diaphragm, so that a better beam limiting effect can be achieved on the light beams.

In an alternative embodiment, the number of narrowband filters 231 is multiple, the multiple narrowband filters having different center wavelengths. Light of different wavelengths may be filtered through a plurality of narrowband filters 231 of different center wavelengths.

In an alternative embodiment, the first optical system further comprises a barrel structure (not shown in the figures). The optical element, the first diaphragm 171, and the second diaphragm 172 are all disposed in a barrel structure whose central axis is the optical axis of the first light beam.

In an alternative embodiment, the optical channel of the first light detector 161 is arranged coaxially with the optical axis of the first light beam. When the first light detector detects the transmitted light, the optical channel of the first light detector 161 is coaxially disposed with the optical axis of the first light beam, so as to effectively improve the accuracy of the optical measurement.

In practical applications, different test items may have different measurement requirements, for example, the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirements of different test items, the sensitivity of optical measurement, and the measurement error may be different. In order to adapt to the test requirements of different test projects, the embodiment of the invention further designs a sample analyzer capable of flexibly switching the light path structure, which is specifically as follows.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises a controller and a drive mechanism; the controller is used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm 171 to enter the optical path of the first light beam or leave the optical path of the first light beam when the first test item is switched to the second test item. For example, the first test item has a high sensitivity requirement, and a first diaphragm 171 needs to be added in the optical path to improve the sensitivity of the optical measurement; the second test item is that the requirement on sensitivity is low, the requirement on radiation flux is high, and the first diaphragm 171 is not needed to be added in the optical path to improve the sensitivity of measurement. The controller may control the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm 171 into the optical path of the first light beam before the first test item measurement is performed, so as to perform the first test item measurement; before performing the second test item measurement, the controller may control the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm 171 away from the optical path of the first light beam to perform the second test item measurement.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises: a second optical system for optically measuring the reaction solution; and a controller, a transfer mechanism;

the second optical system includes:

A second light source for emitting a second light beam;

a third optical module, a third diaphragm, and a second photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the second light beam;

wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the third optical module includes a reaction liquid container 121 and at least one optical element for converging the second light beam; the third optical module is arranged between the second light source and the third diaphragm;

the third diaphragm is disposed between the reaction liquid container 121 and the second photodetector;

no diaphragm is arranged between the second light source and the reaction liquid container 121;

when the test item is the first test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container 121 to the first optical system for testing; when the test item is the second test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container 121 to the second optical system for testing.

That is, in some embodiments, two sets of optical systems are integrated into the sample analyzer, namely a first optical system and a second optical system, the second optical system being substantially identical in structure to the first optical system, the first optical system including the first stop 171, and the second optical system not including the first stop 171. In some embodiments, the reaction liquid container 121 in the optical path also serves as part of the second optical system, as the second light beam would pass through the reaction liquid container 121.

For example, the first test item is an item with higher sensitivity requirement, and the first optical system is used for measurement to improve the sensitivity of the optical measurement; the second test item is an item with low sensitivity requirement and high radiation flux requirement, and the second optical system is used for measuring to improve the radiation flux of the photometric measurement. The controller may control the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container 121 to the first optical system for testing before the first test item measurement is performed, so as to perform the first test item measurement; before the second test item measurement is performed, the controller may control the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container 121 to the second optical system for the test, so as to perform the second test item measurement.

In an alternative embodiment, the sample analyzer further comprises a controller and a drive mechanism for:

when the first test item is switched to the second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to switch the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 with different widths;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

when the first test item is switched to the second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to adjust the position of the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 on the optical axis of the first light beam.

As can be seen from the foregoing, when the widths of the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 are different, the measured light ratio and the radiant flux of the desired blocked light are different; when the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 are at different positions, the measured light ratio and the radiant flux of the desired blocked light are different. Therefore, the sample analyzer can switch the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 with different widths according to the requirements of different test items to match the requirements of sensitivity, radiant flux, and the like of the photometric measurement of different test items; the sample analyzer can adjust the position of the first diaphragm 171 and/or the second diaphragm 172 on the optical axis of the first light beam according to the requirements of different test items, that is, adjust the distance between the first diaphragm 171 and the second diaphragm 172, so as to match the requirements of sensitivity, radiant flux, and the like of the photometric measurement of different test items.

In some embodiments, the controller may include one or more processing units, such as: the controller may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, and/or a neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein the different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated in one or more processors. The controller may be a neural hub and command center of the sample analyzer. The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation codes and the time sequence signals to finish the control of instruction fetching and instruction execution.

According to the sample analyzer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first diaphragm 171 is arranged between the first light source 101 and the reaction liquid container 121, and the first diaphragm 171 is arranged at or near the object-image conjugate point of the optical module between the first diaphragm 172 and the second diaphragm, so that the stray light is effectively filtered, the stray light entering the light detector in the measuring process of the analyzer is effectively reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sample analyzer is further improved.

The first optical system of the embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with two specific examples.

Example one

As shown in fig. 7, in example one, the first optical system adopts a grating beam-splitting optical path scheme. The first optical system includes a first light source 101, a first lens 111, a first diaphragm 171 (slit), a second lens 112, a reaction liquid container 121, a third lens 113, a fourth lens 114, an entrance slit (second diaphragm 172), a concave flat field grating, a stray light eliminating filter 141, a slit array 151, and a first photodetector 161, which are sequentially arranged along the optical axis direction of a first light beam emitted from the first light source 101; the second lens 112, the reaction solution container 121, the third lens 113, and the fourth lens 114 form a first optical module, and the first lens 111, the first diaphragm 171 (slit), the second lens 112, the reaction solution container 121, the third lens 113, and the fourth lens 114 form a second optical module. In the first optical system, the first aperture 171 (slit) 12 is provided between the first lens 111 and the second lens 112 at a position where the first aperture 171 (slit) is conjugate with respect to the first optical module object image, and the first aperture 171 (slit) is shaped similar to the first aperture (second aperture 172), and since the first aperture 171 (slit) 12 and the first aperture (second aperture 172) are conjugate with respect to the first optical module object image at a spatial position, a significant portion of the edge light blocked by the first aperture 171 (slit) 12 is "blocked light" blocked by the first aperture 171 (slit) as in fig. 6 when the first aperture 171 (slit) 12 is absent, and it can be understood that the blocking of the undesired light is advanced before the reaction liquid container 121.

In this example, compared with the related art, the first optical system has the first aperture 171 (slit) 12 added, and the "blocked light" in fig. 6 is greatly reduced, so that the effect diagram is shown in fig. 8, that is, after passing through the lens, only a small portion of the light beam is blocked by the second aperture 172 to become "blocked light", and most of the light passes through the second aperture 172 to become "passing light". Therefore, the delta I generated by the scattering of the reaction liquid in the formula 3 is greatly reduced, and the measurement error of the absorbance A is greatly reduced, so that the sensitivity and the measurement range of the sample analyzer in the photometric measurement can be effectively improved. Note that, the object image conjugation refers to the object image conjugation of the incident slit (second aperture stop 172) and the first aperture stop 171 (slit) 12 with respect to the position where the first optical module therebetween is located, and the first aperture stop 171 (slit) 12 is not necessarily disposed between the first lens 111 and the second lens 112, but is necessarily disposed before the reaction liquid container 121; if the first diaphragm 171 is disposed behind the reaction liquid container 121, it is not possible to prevent a part of the light scattered by the particles in the reaction liquid container 121 from becoming Δi in the above formula (3).

Example two

As shown in fig. 9, in the second example, the first optical system adopts a scheme of a spectral optical path of a filter. The first optical system includes a first light source 101, a fifth lens 115, a first diaphragm 171, a seventh lens 117, a reaction liquid container 121, a sixth lens 116, a narrow band filter 231, a second diaphragm 172, and a first photodetector 161, which are sequentially disposed along an optical axis direction of a first light beam emitted from the first light source 101; the seventh lens 117, the reaction solution container 121, the sixth lens 116, and the narrow-band filter 231 form a first optical module, and the fifth lens 115, the first diaphragm 171, the seventh lens 117, the reaction solution container 121, the sixth lens 116, and the narrow-band filter 231 form a second optical module. The first optical system adds the first diaphragm 171 between the fifth lens 115 and the seventh lens 117 at the position where the second diaphragm 172 is conjugate to the object image of the first optical module, and the first diaphragm 171 has the same shape as the second diaphragm 172, and since the first diaphragm 171 and the second diaphragm 172 are conjugate to the object image in space positions, a significant portion of the marginal light rays blocked by the first diaphragm 171 are "blocked light rays" blocked by the second diaphragm 172 in fig. 6 when the first diaphragm 171 is absent, and it can be understood that the blocking of the undesired light rays is advanced before the reaction liquid container 121.

In this example, compared with the related art, the "blocked light" in fig. 6 is greatly reduced after the first optical system is added with the first diaphragm 171, so Δi generated by scattering of the reaction liquid in equation 3 is greatly reduced, and the measurement error of absorbance a is greatly reduced, so that the sensitivity and the measurement range of the sample analyzer in the photometric measurement can be effectively improved.

In summary, in the sample analyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first diaphragm 171 is disposed at or near the conjugate position of the object image with respect to the second diaphragm 172 before the reaction liquid container 121 in the optical path direction of the first optical system, so as to reduce or eliminate the "blocked light" in fig. 6, thereby effectively reducing the absorbance measurement error and improving the sensitivity of the photometric measurement.

In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a use method of the sample analyzer, which comprises the following steps:

the sample needle sucks the sample and discharges the sample into a reaction liquid container to be added with the sample;

the reagent needle sucks the reagent and discharges the reagent into a reaction liquid container to be added with the reagent;

performing a light measurement on a reaction solution formed at least by a sample and a reagent;

wherein:

when the first test item is switched to the second test item, controlling the light measurement mode of the reaction liquid to be switched from the first mode to the second mode; the first mode and the second mode have different radiant fluxes;

The first mode is to carry out light measurement on the reaction liquid by using a first optical system;

the first optical system includes:

a first light source for emitting a first light beam;

a first diaphragm, a first optical module, a second diaphragm, and a first photodetector disposed along an optical axis of the first light beam;

the first optical module comprises at least one optical element for converging the first light beam and a reaction liquid container; the first optical module is arranged between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm;

the first diaphragm is arranged between the first light source and the reaction liquid container;

the second diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the first light detector;

the distance between the object image conjugate point of the second diaphragm and the first diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam is less than or equal to 10 millimeters.

In practical applications, different test items may have different measurement requirements, for example, the actual signal-to-noise ratio requirements of different test items, the sensitivity of optical measurement, and the measurement error may be different. In order to adapt to the test requirements of different test projects, the embodiment of the invention further designs a sample analyzer capable of flexibly switching test modes, which is specifically as follows.

In an alternative embodiment, the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to perform optical measurement on the reaction solution, where the first mode is that the first diaphragm adds the optical axis of the first light beam, and the second mode is that the first diaphragm leaves the optical axis of the first light beam;

correspondingly, the light measurement mode of the control reaction liquid is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the method comprises the following steps:

the control driving mechanism drives the first diaphragm to be added to the light path of the first light beam or to be separated from the light path of the first light beam.

For example, the first test item is an item with higher sensitivity requirement, and a first diaphragm is required to be added in the optical path to improve the sensitivity of the optical measurement; the second test item is an item with low sensitivity requirement and low radiation flux requirement, and a first diaphragm is not needed to be added in the light path so as to improve the sensitivity of measurement. The controller can control the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm to enter the light path of the first light beam before the first test item measurement is carried out, so that the first test item measurement is carried out by utilizing the first mode; before the second test item measurement is performed, the controller may control the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm to leave the optical path of the first light beam, so as to perform the second test item measurement in the second mode.

In some embodiments, the first mode is to optically measure the reaction liquid with a first optical system, and the second mode is to optically measure the reaction liquid with a second optical system;

the second optical system includes:

a second light source for emitting a second light beam;

the third optical module comprises a reaction liquid container and at least one optical element for converging the second light beam; the third optical module is arranged between the second light source and the third diaphragm;

the third diaphragm is arranged between the reaction liquid container and the second light detector;

no diaphragm is arranged between the second light source and the reaction liquid container;

when the test item is a first test item, controlling the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to the first optical system for testing; when the test item is a second test item, the transfer mechanism is controlled to move the reaction liquid container to the second optical system for testing.

That is, in some embodiments, two sets of optical systems are integrated into the sample analyzer, namely a first optical system and a second optical system, the second optical system being substantially identical in structure to the first optical system, the first optical system including a first aperture, and the second optical system not including the first aperture.

For example, the first test item is an item with higher sensitivity requirement, and the first optical system measurement is needed to improve the sensitivity of the photometric measurement; the second test item is an item with low sensitivity requirement and high radiation flux requirement, and the second optical system is used for measuring to improve the radiation flux of the photometric measurement. The controller can control the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to the first optical system for testing before the first test item measurement is carried out so as to carry out the first test item measurement; before the second test item measurement is performed, the controller may control the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to the second optical system for the test, so as to perform the second test item measurement.

In some embodiments, the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to optically measure the reaction liquid, and the first mode and the second mode have the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths;

the driving mechanism is controlled to switch the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths.

In some embodiments, the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to optically measure the reaction liquid, wherein the position of the first diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the first diaphragm in the second mode, and/or the position of the second diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the second diaphragm in the second mode;

the control driving mechanism adjusts the position of the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm on the optical axis of the first light beam.

As can be seen from the foregoing, when the widths of the first aperture and/or the second aperture are different, the measured light ratio and the radiation flux of the desired blocked light are different; when the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm are/is at different positions, the measured expected blocked light ratio and the measured radiation flux are different. Therefore, the sample analyzer can switch the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths according to different test items so as to match the requirements of the light measurement sensitivity, the radiation flux and the like of different test items; the sample analyzer can adjust the position of the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm on the optical axis of the first light beam according to different test items, namely adjust the distance between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm, so as to match the requirements of the photometric measurement of different test items, such as sensitivity, radiant flux error, and the like.

It should be noted that, the method of using the sample analyzer of the present embodiment may be used in the sample analyzer of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 7 or 9, that is, the method of using the sample analyzer of the present embodiment and the sample analyzer of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 7 or 9 have the same inventive concept, so that these embodiments have the same implementation principle and technical effect, and will not be described in detail herein.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as known to those skilled in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the embodiments of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sample analyzer, comprising:

a sample component for carrying a sample;

the sample dispensing mechanism is used for sucking the sample and discharging the sample;

a reagent component for carrying a reagent;

the reagent dispensing mechanism is used for sucking the reagent and discharging the reagent;

a first optical system for performing a light measurement on a reaction liquid prepared from at least the sample and the reagent; characterized in that the first optical system comprises:

a first light source for emitting a first light beam;

2. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the first aperture is located at an object-image conjugate point of the second aperture with respect to the first optical module.

3. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the width of the first diaphragm is in a first multiple relationship with the width of the second diaphragm; wherein the first magnification is 0.8-2 times of the magnification of the first diaphragm relative to the second diaphragm in the first optical module.

4. A sample analyzer as claimed in claim 3, in which the first magnification is equal to the magnification of the first diaphragm relative to the second diaphragm in the first optical module.

5. The sample analyzer of any of claims 1-4, wherein the opening of the first aperture is the same shape as the opening of the second aperture.

6. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first aperture has a slit, a circle, an ellipse, or a rectangle; the second diaphragm is in a slit, a round, an oval or a rectangle.

7. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first aperture is a slit and/or the second aperture is a slit.

8. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam comprises a first optical element disposed between the reaction liquid container and the second diaphragm for converging the first light beam toward the second diaphragm.

9. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one optical element for converging the first light beam comprises a second optical element disposed between the first diaphragm and the reaction liquid container for converging the first light beam toward the reaction liquid container.

10. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first optical system further comprises:

And a third optical element arranged along the optical axis of the first light beam and used for converging the first light beam, wherein the third optical element is arranged between the light source and the first diaphragm and used for converging the first light beam to the first diaphragm.

11. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first light source is a halogen lamp and/or the first light source has a diameter of less than or equal to 10 millimeters.

12. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam.

13. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the first optical system further comprises a second optical module disposed between the first light source and the second diaphragm, the second diaphragm disposed within 10 millimeters of a distance along an optical axis of the first light beam from an image plane location formed by the first light source relative to the second optical module, the second optical module comprising at least one optical element disposed along the optical axis of the first light beam for converging the first light beam.

14. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the optical element is a convex lens or a concave mirror.

15. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first optical system further comprises:

the grating is arranged behind the second diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam and is used for diffracting and splitting the first light beam to form a component light beam;

a slit array disposed in front of the first photodetector along an optical axis of the split beam.

16. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first optical system further comprises:

at least one narrow band filter is disposed in front of the second diaphragm along the optical axis of the first light beam.

17. The sample analyzer of claim 16, wherein the sample analyzer comprises a sample cell,

the number of the narrow-band filters is multiple, and the plurality of narrow-band filters have different center wavelengths.

18. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first optical system further comprises:

the optical element, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are all arranged in the lens barrel structure, and the central axis of the lens barrel structure is the optical axis of the first light beam.

19. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: the optical channel of the first photodetector is disposed coaxially with the optical axis of the first light beam.

20. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 19, further comprising a controller and a drive mechanism;

the controller is used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the first diaphragm to enter the light path of the first light beam or leave the light path of the first light beam when the first test item is switched to the second test item.

21. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 19, further comprising: a second optical system for optically measuring the reaction solution; and a controller, a transfer mechanism;

the second optical system includes:

a second light source for emitting a second light beam;

the third optical module comprises the reaction liquid container and at least one optical element for converging the second light beam; the third optical module is arranged between the second light source and the third diaphragm;

when the test item is a first test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to a first optical system for testing; when the test item is a second test item, the controller controls the transfer mechanism to move the reaction liquid container to the second optical system for testing.

22. The sample analyzer of any one of claims 1 to 19, further comprising a controller and a drive mechanism for:

when a first test item is switched to a second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to switch the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

when the first test item is switched to the second test item, the controller controls the driving mechanism to adjust the position of the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm on the optical axis of the first light beam.

23. A method of using a sample analyzer, comprising:

wherein:

The first optical system includes:

a first light source for emitting a first light beam;

24. A method of using a sample analyzer according to claim 23,

the first mode and the second mode are used for carrying out light measurement on the reaction liquid by utilizing a first optical system, wherein the first mode is that the first diaphragm is added to the optical axis of the first light beam, and the second mode is that the first diaphragm is separated from the optical axis of the first light beam;

Or alternatively, the process may be performed,

the first mode is to carry out light measurement on the reaction liquid by using a first optical system, and the second mode is to carry out light measurement on the reaction liquid by using a second optical system;

the second optical system includes:

a second light source for emitting a second light beam;

or alternatively, the process may be performed,

the first mode and the second mode are used for carrying out light measurement on the reaction liquid by utilizing a first optical system, and the first diaphragm and/or the second diaphragm with different widths are/is provided with a first light source and a second light source;

or alternatively, the process may be performed,

the first mode and the second mode both use a first optical system to carry out optical measurement on the reaction liquid, the position of the first diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the first diaphragm in the second mode, and/or the position of the second diaphragm in the first mode is different from the position of the second diaphragm in the second mode.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the width of the first diaphragm is in a first multiple of the width of the second diaphragm; wherein the first magnification is 0.8-2 times of the magnification of the first diaphragm relative to the second diaphragm in the first optical module.