CN116262896A - Nucleic acid detection device and nucleic acid detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nucleic acid detecting apparatus and a nucleic acid detecting method thereof. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus includes: the reagent seat is provided with a suction cavity, a plurality of valve cabins, a plurality of extraction cabins and a plurality of detection cabins, wherein part of the valve cabins corresponds to the plurality of extraction cabins one by one, the rest part of the valve cabins corresponds to the plurality of detection cabins one by one, the suction cavity is communicated with each valve cabin and can generate negative pressure for sucking the reagent or positive pressure for injecting the reagent, and any valve cabin is communicated with the corresponding extraction cabin or detection cabin; and a plurality of control valves disposed within each valve cartridge, each control valve configured to controllably switch between an on state and an off state; when any control valve is in a conducting state, the corresponding extraction bin or detection bin is communicated with the suction cavity through the control valve; when any control valve is in a cut-off state, the corresponding extraction bin or detection bin is not communicated with the suction cavity.

Description

Nucleic acid detection device and nucleic acid detection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological detection, in particular to a nucleic acid detection device and a nucleic acid detection method.

Background

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction ) technology is a molecular biological technique that amplifies specific DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) sequences in vitro. The PCR technology has the characteristics of strong specificity, high sensitivity, low purity requirement, simplicity, convenience and rapidness, and is widely applied to molecular biological detection and analysis.

Conventional nucleic acid detection is performed in molecular diagnostic laboratories, and is performed using a closed cassette. When the molecular diagnosis laboratory detects, according to the national regulation requirement, the molecular diagnosis laboratory needs to carry out partition treatment, namely a reagent preparation area, a nucleic acid extraction area, an amplification area and a detection area, and related experimenters need to have PCR on-duty certificates, so that strict requirements are provided for experimental operation environments and personnel experimental quality requirements. Therefore, when the molecular diagnosis laboratory detects, although the flux requirement can be met, the nucleic acid extraction device, the amplification device, the detection device and other auxiliary devices are required to be arranged separately, the equipment is complex, the occupied space is occupied, the detection automation degree is not improved, the risk of aerosol pollution exists when the nucleic acid extracting solution is transferred, and the detection accuracy cannot be ensured. However, when using a closed cartridge for detection, for example, a nucleic acid extraction device disclosed in patent application No. 201811470025.2, the piston is pushed by the rotation of the rotating disk and an external force, so that the liquid sample is mixed with various reagents for nucleic acid extraction in sequence, to achieve nucleic acid extraction. Then, the PCR reaction solution containing the nucleic acid is injected into the PCR reaction tube by pushing the piston by an external force. Finally, the PCR reaction tube 5 is placed in a temperature control device, and the nucleic acid fluorescent PCR amplification or the fluorescent isothermal amplification is carried out according to a set amplification program. Because the flux of the nucleic acid extraction device is small, only one type of nucleic acid detection can be performed on the extracted nucleic acid, so that the detection efficiency is low and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a nucleic acid detecting apparatus and a nucleic acid detecting method capable of achieving a technical effect of improving the detection efficiency, in order to solve the problem of low detection efficiency of the conventional nucleic acid.

A nucleic acid detecting apparatus comprising:

the reagent seat is provided with a suction cavity, a plurality of valve cabins, a plurality of extraction cabins and a plurality of detection cabins, wherein part of the valve cabins are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of extraction cabins, the rest part of the valve cabins are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of detection cabins, the suction cavity is communicated with each valve cabin and can generate negative pressure for sucking reagent or positive pressure for injecting reagent, and any valve cabin is communicated with the corresponding extraction cabin or detection cabin; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

A plurality of control valves disposed within each of the valve pockets, each of the control valves being configured to controllably switch between an on state and an off state; when any one of the control valves is in the conducting state, the corresponding extraction bin or detection bin is communicated with the suction cavity through the control valve; when any one of the control valves is in the cut-off state, the corresponding extraction bin or detection bin is not communicated with the suction cavity.

In one embodiment, each of the control valves includes a spool disposed within the valve housing, the spool being controllable to move along the valve housing to a first position or a second position;

when the valve core moves to the first position, the control valve is in the conducting state; when the spool moves to the second position, the control valve is in the off state.

In one embodiment, each control valve further comprises an elastic member arranged in the valve bin, and the elastic member is abutted against the valve core to provide elastic force for driving the valve core to move from the first position to the second position.

In one embodiment, the valve core comprises a pressing end and an abutting end which are opposite, the pressing end penetrates out of the reagent seat from one end of the valve bin, and the elastic piece abuts against the abutting end;

when the pressing end is pressed by external force, the valve core can be driven to move from the second position to the first position against the elastic force of the elastic piece; when the external force of the pressing end disappears, the valve core is driven to move from the first position to the second position by the elastic force provided by the elastic piece.

In one embodiment, the reagent seat is provided with a first flow passage which is communicated with the suction cavity and each valve bin, the reagent seat is also provided with a plurality of second flow passages, each extraction bin is communicated with the corresponding valve bin through one second flow passage, and each detection bin is communicated with the corresponding valve bin through one second flow passage;

each valve core is provided with a third flow passage, and when any valve core is positioned at the first position, the third flow passage on the valve core is communicated with the corresponding first flow passage and second flow passage; when any valve core is positioned at the second position, the third flow passage on the valve core is not communicated with the corresponding first flow passage and/or second flow passage.

In one embodiment, each of the elastic members has a fourth flow passage communicating with the corresponding third flow passage, the fourth flow passage communicating with the corresponding second flow passage.

In one embodiment, the radial dimension of each elastic member gradually increases from one end to the opposite end, the small-diameter end of each elastic member abuts against the corresponding valve core, the large-diameter end of each elastic member abuts against the corresponding inner wall of the valve bin, one end of the fourth flow passage penetrates through the small-diameter end of the elastic member and is communicated with the third flow passage, and the other end of the fourth flow passage penetrates through the large-diameter end of the elastic member and is communicated with the second flow passage.

In one embodiment, the reagent seat is further provided with a plurality of exhaust chambers corresponding to the plurality of detection chambers one by one, and a plurality of exhaust channels, and each detection chamber is communicated with the corresponding valve chamber through one exhaust channel;

each valve core corresponding to each detection bin is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the corresponding exhaust bin; when any valve core corresponding to the detection bin moves to the first position, the exhaust hole on the valve core is communicated with the corresponding exhaust passage; when any valve core corresponding to the detection bin moves to the second position, the exhaust hole on the valve core is not communicated with the corresponding exhaust passage.

In one embodiment, the reagent seat is further provided with a plurality of heating chambers corresponding to the detecting chambers one by one, and each heating chamber is used for accommodating a heating element so as to heat the corresponding detecting chamber.

A nucleic acid detecting method using the nucleic acid detecting apparatus as described in any one of the above embodiments, comprising the steps of:

preassembling a sample, various extraction reagents for extracting nucleic acids, and various nucleic acid reaction reagents for reacting with nucleic acids into each of the extraction cartridges, respectively;

the control valve is controlled to switch between the on state and the off state, and the suction cavity is driven to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to suck and/or inject the sample in each extraction bin and the extraction reagent to be mixed, so that nucleic acid extracting solution is obtained;

switching between the on state and the off state by controlling the corresponding control valves, and driving the suction cavity to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to inject the nucleic acid extracting solution into the extracting bin which is partially or completely pre-filled with the nucleic acid reaction reagent, so that the nucleic acid extracting solution reacts with the nucleic acid reaction reagent to form a product;

switching between the on state and the off state by controlling the corresponding control valve, and driving the suction cavity to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to inject the products in the extraction bins filled with the products into the detection bins respectively;

and detecting the nucleic acid of the product in the detection bin by using a nucleic acid detection module arranged corresponding to the detection bin.

In the nucleic acid detecting apparatus and the nucleic acid detecting method, a sample to be detected, various extraction reagents for extracting nucleic acids, and a nucleic acid reaction reagent for reacting with nucleic acids are preloaded into the respective extraction chambers. Then, the control valves corresponding to the extraction bins preloaded with the sample and the extraction reagent are sequentially controlled to be switched between the on state and the off state, so that the sample is sequentially mixed with various extraction reagents to perform the steps of cracking, washing, eluting and the like of nucleic acid extraction, and finally nucleic acid extraction is completed to obtain a nucleic acid extract. After the nucleic acid extraction is completed, the control valves corresponding to the extraction bins preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagent are sequentially controlled to switch between an on state and an off state, so that the nucleic acid extraction solution is injected into part or all of the extraction bins preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagent, and the nucleic acid extraction solution reacts with the nucleic acid reaction reagent to form a product. Then, the control valves corresponding to the detection chambers are sequentially controlled to switch between an on state and an off state, so that the products in the extraction chambers filled with the products are respectively injected into the detection chambers, and the products in the detection chambers are conveniently subjected to nucleic acid detection.

Therefore, the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in the reagent seat, and the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in a closed environment, so that the interference of external factors can be conveniently stopped, and the detection accuracy is improved. In addition, the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in a nucleic acid detection device, and the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection are not required to be carried out in different devices, so that the detection efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the nucleic acid extraction device in the prior art can perform only one kind of detection at a time. However, the nucleic acid detecting apparatus in the present application may perform different pretreatment for detection on the nucleic acid extracting solution by presetting different nucleic acid reagents in the corresponding extraction chambers, and then inject the products formed by performing the different pretreatment for detection into part or all of the detection chambers, respectively. And finally, carrying out nucleic acid detection on the products in each detection bin, namely realizing multi-flux detection, and further improving the detection efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1 at a viewing angle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1 at another view angle;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cartridge body of a reagent cartridge of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the seat body shown in FIG. 4 from another perspective;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the seat body shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the seat body shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a valve body of a control valve of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the valve element shown in FIG. 8 from another perspective;

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a bottom plate of a reagent vessel of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an elastic member of a control valve of the nucleic acid detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the elastic member shown in FIG. 11 from another perspective;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing steps of a method for detecting nucleic acid according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention provides a nucleic acid detecting apparatus, which includes a reagent holder 10 and a plurality of control valves 20.

The reagent cartridge 10 has a suction chamber 110, a plurality of valve cartridges 111, a plurality of extraction cartridges 113, and a plurality of detection cartridges 121 (see FIG. 3). Some of the plurality of valve bins 111 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of extraction bins 113, and the remaining portions are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of detection bins 121. That is, the total number of the extraction bins 113 and the detection bins 121 is equal to the number of the valve bins 111, and each valve bin 111 corresponds to one extraction bin 113 or one detection bin 121. The suction chamber 110 communicates with each valve cartridge 111 and is capable of generating a negative pressure for sucking up the reagent or a positive pressure for injecting the reagent. Either valve cartridge 111 communicates with a corresponding extraction cartridge 113 or detection cartridge 121.

A plurality of control valves 20 are disposed in each valve housing 111, i.e. a control valve 20 is disposed in each valve housing 111. Each control valve 20 is configured to controllably switch between an on state and an off state. When any one of the control valves 20 is in a conducting state, the corresponding extraction bin 113 or detection bin 121 is communicated with the suction cavity 110 through the control valve 20, so that the reagent in the extraction bin 113 or detection bin 121 can be sucked under the action of negative pressure or positive pressure generated in the suction cavity 110, or the reagent can be injected into the extraction bin 113 or detection bin 121. When either control valve 20 is in the off state, the corresponding extraction cartridge 113 or detection cartridge 121 is blocked (i.e., not in communication) with the aspiration lumen 110 such that no reagent can be aspirated or injected under the negative or positive pressure generated by the aspiration lumen 110.

In the nucleic acid detecting apparatus, a sample to be detected, various extraction reagents for extracting nucleic acids, and nucleic acid reaction reagents for reacting with nucleic acids are preloaded into the respective extraction chambers 113. Then, the control valves 20 corresponding to the respective extraction chambers 113 preloaded with the sample and the extraction reagent are sequentially controlled to be switched between the on state and the off state, so that the sample is sequentially mixed with the various extraction reagents to perform the steps of cleavage, washing, elution, etc. of nucleic acid extraction, and finally nucleic acid extraction is completed to obtain a nucleic acid extract. After the nucleic acid extraction is completed, the control valves 20 corresponding to the respective extraction cartridges 113 preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagents are sequentially controlled to be switched between on and off states to inject the nucleic acid extraction solution into the extraction cartridges 113 preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagents partially or entirely, so that the nucleic acid extraction solution reacts with the nucleic acid reaction reagents to form products. Then, by sequentially controlling the control valves 20 corresponding to the respective detecting chambers 121 to switch between the on state and the off state, the products in the respective extracting chambers 113 containing the products are injected into part or all of the detecting chambers 121, respectively, so that the nucleic acid detection (e.g., PCR fluorescence detection) of the products in the detecting chambers 121 is facilitated.

Thus, the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in the reagent seat 10, and the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in a closed environment, so that the interference of external factors can be conveniently stopped, and the detection accuracy is improved. In addition, the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in a nucleic acid detection device, and the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection are not required to be carried out in different devices, so that the detection efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the nucleic acid extraction device in the prior art can perform only one kind of detection at a time. However, the nucleic acid detecting apparatus in the present application may perform different pretreatment for detection on the nucleic acid extracting solution by presetting different nucleic acid reagents in the corresponding extraction chambers, and then inject the products formed by performing the different pretreatment for detection into part or all of the detection chambers, respectively. Finally, the nucleic acid detection is performed on the products in each detection bin 121, that is, the multi-flux detection is realized, and the detection efficiency is further improved compared with the single-flux detection in the prior art.

In particular embodiments, aspiration lumen 110 is connected to an external negative pressure source to create a negative or positive pressure within aspiration lumen 110 via the external negative pressure source to accomplish aspiration or injection of the reagent. Of course, in other embodiments, a piston may be disposed in the aspiration chamber 110, and aspiration or injection of the reagent may be accomplished by controlling the piston to move along the inner wall of the aspiration chamber 110 to create a negative or positive pressure within the aspiration chamber 110.

In particular to embodiments, the plurality of extraction cartridges 113 described above may include, but are not limited to, a sample cartridge, a mixing cartridge, a magnetic bead cartridge, a proteinase K cartridge, a lysis cartridge, a wash cartridge, an elution cartridge, and a reaction cartridge. The sample bin is used for accommodating samples to be detected, the mixing bin is used for mixing the samples with various extraction reagents, the magnetic bead bin is used for accommodating magnetic beads, the proteinase K bin is used for accommodating proteinase K, the cracking bin is used for accommodating cracking liquid, the washing bin is used for accommodating washing liquid, the elution bin is used for accommodating elution liquid, and the reaction bin is used for accommodating nucleic acid reaction reagents, it can be understood that the number of the reaction bins is equal to the number of the detection bins 121 and corresponds to one, so that products in each reaction bin can be conveniently transferred into the detection bins 121 corresponding to each other. In this way, the corresponding control valves 20 can be controlled to switch between the on state and the off state in sequence, and under the action of the positive pressure or the negative pressure generated by the suction cavity 110, the sample, the magnetic beads, the proteinase K, the lysate, the washing solution and the eluent can be transferred into the mixing bin in a certain sequence until the nucleic acid extraction is completed, so as to obtain the nucleic acid extracting solution. Then, the corresponding control valves 20 can be controlled to switch between the on state and the off state in sequence, and under the action of positive pressure or negative pressure generated by the suction cavity 110, the nucleic acid extracting solution is injected into part or all of the reaction chambers, so that the nucleic acid in the nucleic acid extracting solution reacts with the nucleic acid reaction reagent in the reaction chambers to form a product, and the detection pretreatment of the nucleic acid extracting solution is realized.

After the washing solution is added into the mixing bin to complete one-time nucleic acid purification, the nucleic acid is adsorbed by the magnetic beads, and at this time, the waste liquid in the mixing bin is sucked and injected into the original washing bin by controlling the corresponding control valve 20 and matching with positive pressure or negative pressure generated by the suction cavity 110, so that the waste liquid is discharged. Of course, in other embodiments, a waste reservoir may be provided on the reagent cartridge 10 for receiving waste.

Further, the washing chambers may include a plurality of washing chambers, each of which accommodates a washing liquid, and the nucleic acid is purified a plurality of times by the washing liquid in each washing chamber to ensure the quality of the extracted nucleic acid. In particular, in the embodiment shown in the drawings, the number of washing bins is three.

Further, the reagent seat 10 is provided with a magnetic attraction component and a heating component on the outer wall close to the mixing bin, and the heating component can heat the liquid in the mixing bin when mixing in the mixing bin, and the magnetic attraction component provides the adsorption force for the magnetic beads to be adsorbed in the cavity wall of the mixing bin.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the number of the detecting chambers 121 is six, so that products can be injected into the six detecting chambers 121, and meanwhile, the nucleic acid detection is carried out on the six detecting chambers 121, so that the detection efficiency is greatly improved.

In particular, in the embodiment, the reagent seat 10 includes a seat body 11 and a bottom plate 12, and the seat body 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 12. The suction chamber 110, the respective valve housings 111 and the respective extraction housings 113 are all open on the seat body 11. Each detection bin 121 is provided on the base plate 12. Further, the reagent vessel 10 further comprises a cover plate 13, and the cover plate 13 is disposed on a side of the vessel body 11 facing away from the bottom plate 12.

In an embodiment of the present invention, each control valve 20 includes a spool 21 disposed within the valve housing 111, the spool 21 being controllable to move along the valve housing 111 to either the first position or the second position. When the spool 21 moves to the first position, the control valve 20 is in the above-described conductive state. When the spool 21 moves to the second position, the control valve 20 is in the above-described shut-off state. In this way, by controlling the movement of the valve core 21 between the first position and the second position, mixing of the sample with various reagents can be achieved under the positive pressure or negative pressure generated by the suction chamber 110, and the resulting products can be injected into the respective detection chambers 121, respectively. The switching between the on state and the off state is achieved by controlling the movement of the valve element 21, and the control valve 20 has a simple structure and stable and reliable switching of the states.

In particular, in the embodiment, each control valve 20 further includes an elastic member 22 disposed in the valve housing 111, and the elastic member 22 abuts against the valve core 21 to provide an elastic force for driving the valve core 21 to move from the first position to the second position. Thus, each valve core 21 can move from the second position to the first position under the action of external force, so that the control valve 20 is in the above-mentioned conducting state to complete the action of sucking or injecting the liquid. When the external force is removed, the valve core 21 at the first position can automatically move to the second position under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 22, so that the control valve 20 is in the above-mentioned cut-off state. That is, only the valve element 21 of each control valve 20, which is subjected to the external force, is moved to the first position and the control valve 20 is in the on state. The valve element 21 of each control valve 20, which is not subjected to the external force, is maintained at the second position, that is, the control valve 20 is in the closed state. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the elastic member 22 abuts against the bottom of the valve core 21, the valve core 21 moves downward to the first position under the action of external force, and when the external force disappears, the valve core 21 moves upward to the second position under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 22.

Further, the spool 21 includes a pressing end 210 and an abutment end 211 opposite to the pressing end 210. The pressing end 210 passes out of the reagent seat 10 from one end of the valve housing 111 for pressing. The elastic member 22 abuts against the abutting end 211 to apply elastic force to the abutting end 211.

When the pressing end 210 is pressed by an external force, the valve core 21 can be driven to move from the second position to the first position against the elastic force of the elastic member 22, so that the control valve 20 is in the above-mentioned conducting state. When the external force applied to the pressing end 210 disappears, the valve spool 21 is driven to move from the first position to the second position by the elastic force provided by the elastic member 22, so that the control valve 20 is in the above-described blocked state. In this way, the control valve 20 is switched between the off state and the on state by pressing the pressing end 210 of the valve body 21, the operation is simple, and the switching of the states is stable and reliable. It should be noted that, the pressing of the pressing end 210 may be performed manually, and in other embodiments, the pressing mechanism may be designed to automatically press the pressing end 210 of the selected valve element 21, thereby further improving the automation degree. Alternatively, the pressing mechanism may employ a robot.

Further, the valve chambers 111 penetrate through the base body 11 towards one side of the bottom plate 12 and one side of the bottom plate 12, and a plurality of through holes 131 corresponding to the valve chambers 111 one by one are formed in the cover plate 13. The pressing end 210 of each valve body 21 is penetrated through the corresponding penetration hole 131 so as to perform a pressing operation on the pressing end 210.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the reagent pad 10 has a first flow passage a1 communicating the pumping chamber 110 with each valve housing 111. The reagent vessel 10 further has a plurality of second flow passages a2. Each extraction chamber 113 communicates with the corresponding valve chamber 111 through a second flow path a2, and each detection chamber 121 communicates with the corresponding valve chamber 111 through a second flow path a2 (see fig. 10). That is, a second flow passage a2 is formed between each set of the extraction chambers 113 and the valve chamber 111. A second flow passage a2 is also arranged between each group of detection chambers 121 and the valve chamber 111.

Each spool 21 has a third flow passage a4 (see fig. 8 or 9). When any valve core 21 is located at the first position, the third flow channel a4 on the valve core 21 is communicated with the corresponding first flow channel a1 and the second flow channel a2, so that the corresponding extraction bin 113 or detection bin 121 is communicated with the suction cavity 110, and the suction or injection of the reagent is realized by utilizing positive pressure or negative pressure generated in the suction cavity 110. When any valve core 21 is located at the second position, the third flow passage a4 on the valve core 21 is blocked (i.e. not communicated) with the corresponding first flow passage a1 and/or second flow passage a2, so that the corresponding extraction chamber 113 or detection chamber 121 is blocked (i.e. not communicated) with the suction chamber 110. In this way, when the reagent in a certain extraction chamber 113 needs to be sucked, the valve core 21 corresponding to the extraction chamber 113 is controlled to move from the second position to the first position, so that the suction cavity 110 is communicated with the corresponding extraction chamber 113 through the first flow passage a1, the third flow passage a4 and the second flow passage a2, and the reagent in the extraction chamber 113 is sucked under the negative pressure generated in the suction cavity 110. It will be appreciated that the process of injecting reagent into the extraction cartridge 113 or the detection cartridge 121 is similar to that described above and will not be described in detail herein.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, in the embodiment, each elastic member 22 has a fourth flow channel a6 communicating with the corresponding third flow channel a4, and the fourth flow channel a6 communicates with the corresponding second flow channel a2. Thus, when the valve core 21 moves to the first position, the suction chamber 110 communicates with the corresponding extraction chamber 113 or detection chamber 121 through the first flow passage a1, the third flow passage a4 on the valve core 21, the fourth flow passage a6 on the elastic member 22, and the second flow passage a2, so that the suction or injection of the reagent is realized by using the negative pressure or positive pressure generated in the suction chamber 110. The fourth flow path a6 is opened by the elastic member 22 provided in the valve housing 111, and the third flow path a4 on the valve body 21 and the second flow path a2 on the reagent seat 10 are communicated by the fourth flow path a 6; on the other hand, the elastic piece 22 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the valve bin 111 to realize sealing, so that leakage caused by liquid flowing out along the inner wall of the valve bin 111 is avoided. Alternatively, the elastic member 22 may be a rubber block.

Alternatively, the radial dimension of the elastic member 22 gradually increases from one end to the opposite end, and the small diameter end of the elastic member 22 abuts against the valve core 21, the large diameter end of the elastic member 22 abuts against the inner wall of the valve housing 111, one end of the fourth flow passage a6 penetrates through the small diameter end of the elastic member 22 and is communicated with the third flow passage a4, and the other end of the fourth flow passage a6 penetrates through the large diameter end of the elastic member 22 and is communicated with the second flow passage a2. In this way, the use of the elastic member 22 like a truncated cone is advantageous in improving the sealing effect.

With continued reference to fig. 4 to 7, in an embodiment, the reagent pad 10 further includes a plurality of exhaust chambers 114 corresponding to the plurality of detection chambers 121, and the reagent pad 10 further includes a plurality of exhaust channels a3. Each detection chamber 121 communicates with the corresponding valve chamber 111 through an exhaust passage a3. Each valve spool 21 corresponding to each detection chamber 121 has an exhaust hole a5 (see fig. 8 or 9) communicating with the corresponding exhaust chamber 114.

When any one of the valve cores 21 corresponding to the detection chambers 121 moves to the first position, the exhaust hole a5 on the valve core 21 is communicated with the corresponding exhaust passage a3. When any valve core 21 corresponding to the detection chamber 121 moves to the second position, the vent hole a5 on the valve core 21 is blocked (i.e. not communicated) with the corresponding vent passage a3, so that the liquid in the detection chamber 121 is prevented from leaking from the vent passage a3, the vent hole a5 and the vent chamber 114 in sequence.

Thus, when the valve body 21 corresponding to the detection chamber 121 moves to the first position, the suction chamber 110 communicates with the corresponding detection chamber 121 through the first flow passage a1, the third flow passage a4, the fourth flow passage a6, and the second flow passage a2, forming a liquid intake passage. Meanwhile, the detection bin 121 is communicated with the corresponding exhaust bin 114 through the exhaust passage a3 and the exhaust hole a5 to form an exhaust passage. At this time, the liquid is injected into the detection chamber 121 through the liquid inlet channel under the positive pressure generated in the suction chamber 110, and at the same time, the air in the detection chamber 121 is discharged into the air discharge chamber 114 through the air discharge channel, so that the liquid can smoothly enter the detection chamber 121.

In particular, in the embodiment, the reagent seat 10 further has a plurality of heating chambers 112 corresponding to the plurality of detecting chambers 121 one by one, and each heating chamber 112 is configured to receive a heating element to heat the corresponding detecting chamber 121. In this manner, the temperature of the liquid in the sensing chamber 121 may be controlled by heat transfer from the heating element disposed within the heating chamber 112 to the corresponding sensing chamber 121. Alternatively, the heating element may be an electrical heating element. Of course, other types of heating elements may be used, as long as the temperature of the detection chamber 121 can be controlled, and the invention is not limited thereto.

In particular, in one embodiment, the suction chamber 110 and each valve cartridge 111 extend through the base body 11 on a side surface facing the bottom plate 12. The first flow passage a1 is formed in a side surface of the seat body 11 facing the bottom plate 12, and communicates the suction chamber 110 with each valve housing 111. The second flow passage a2 for communicating the extracting chamber 113 and the valve chamber 111 is formed on a surface of one side of the seat body 11 facing the bottom plate 12, that is, one end of the second flow passage a2 is communicated with the extracting chamber 113, and the other end is communicated with the corresponding valve chamber 111. Referring to fig. 3, a second flow passage a2 connecting the detection chamber 121 and the valve chamber 111 is formed on a side surface of the bottom plate 12 facing the seat body 11, i.e. one end of the second flow passage a2 is connected to the detection chamber 121, and the other end is connected to the corresponding valve chamber 111.

Further, a plurality of accommodating grooves 123 corresponding to the plurality of valve cores 21 one by one are further formed in a surface of the base plate 12 facing the seat body 11, and each elastic member 22 is accommodated in the corresponding accommodating groove 123 to be abutted with the abutting end 211 of the valve core 21. That is, the valve housing 111 includes portions penetrating opposite sides of the seat body 11 and receiving grooves 123 corresponding thereto. One end of the third flow passage a4 penetrates through the side wall of the spool 21 to be aligned with and communicate with the first flow passage a1 when the spool 21 is in the first position; the third flow passage a4 is displaced from the first flow passage a1 in the moving direction of the spool 21 when the spool 21 is in the second position so that both are blocked (i.e., not communicated). The other end of the third flow passage a4 penetrates an end portion of the valve body 21 that abuts against the elastic member 22, and one end of the fourth flow passage a6 penetrates an end portion of the elastic member 22 that abuts against the valve body 21 to communicate with the third flow passage a 4. The other end of the fourth flow passage a6 penetrates through the end of the elastic member 22 facing away from the spool 21 to communicate with the second flow passage a2.

Further, each exhaust passage a3 includes a first air passage and a second air passage, the first air passage is formed on a side surface of the seat body 11 facing the bottom plate 12, and the second air passage is formed on a side wall of the valve housing 111. One end of the first air passage is communicated with the corresponding detection bin 121, and the other end of the first air passage is communicated with the second air passage. The exhaust hole a5 penetrates the valve body 21 in the radial direction of the valve body 21. When the spool 21 corresponding to the detection chamber 121 moves to the first position, the second air passage is aligned with and communicates with one end of the exhaust hole a5, and the other end of the exhaust hole a5 communicates with the corresponding exhaust chamber 114. When the valve body 21 corresponding to the detection chamber 121 moves to the second position, one ends of the second air passage and the exhaust hole a5 are dislocated in the moving direction of the valve body 21 so that the two are blocked (i.e., not communicated).

Based on the above-mentioned nucleic acid detecting apparatus, the present invention also provides a nucleic acid detecting method using the nucleic acid detecting apparatus of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, comprising the steps of:

s1, respectively preassembling a sample, various extraction reagents for extracting nucleic acid and various nucleic acid reaction reagents for reacting with nucleic acid into each extraction bin 113;

specifically, the operator adds the sample to be detected to the extraction cartridge 113 (e.g., sample cartridge) in advance, adds the required extraction reagent to the respective extraction cartridge 113 (e.g., wash cartridge, elution cartridge, etc.), and adds the required nucleic acid reaction reagent to the respective extraction cartridge 113 (e.g., reaction cartridge).

S2, switching between an on state and an off state by controlling the corresponding control valve 20, and driving the suction cavity 110 to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to suck and/or inject the sample and the extraction reagent in each extraction bin 113 for mixing so as to obtain a nucleic acid extraction liquid;

for example, when it is desired to mix the lysate in the lysis cartridge with the sample in the mixing cartridge: first, the valve spool 21 corresponding to the cracking chamber is controlled to move to the first position so that the suction chamber communicates with the cracking chamber through the valve spool 21. Then, negative pressure is generated in the suction bin to suck the lysate in the pyrolysis bin. Then, the valve spool 21 corresponding to the mixing chamber is controlled to move to the first position so that the suction chamber 110 communicates with the mixing chamber through the valve spool 21. Then, positive pressure is generated in the suction cavity 110 to inject the lysate into the mixing bin, i.e. to achieve mixing of the lysate with the sample.

S3, switching between a conducting state and a cutting-off state by controlling the corresponding control valve 20, and driving the suction cavity 110 to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to inject the nucleic acid extracting solution into the extracting bin 113 which is partially or completely preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagent, so that the nucleic acid extracting solution and the nucleic acid reaction reagent react to form a product, namely detection pretreatment of the nucleic acid extracting solution is realized;

and S4, switching between an on state and an off state by controlling the corresponding control valve 20, and driving the suction cavity 110 to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to inject the products in each extraction bin 113 formed with the products to a part or all of the detection bins 121 respectively.

Specifically, first, the valve spool 21 corresponding to the mixing chamber is controlled to move to the first position so that the suction chamber communicates with the reaction chamber through the valve spool 21. Then, negative pressure is generated in the suction bin to suck the products in the reaction bin. Then, the valve element 21 corresponding to one of the detecting chambers 121 is controlled to move to the first position so that the suction chamber 110 communicates with the detecting chamber 121 through the valve element 21. Then, positive pressure is generated in the suction cavity 110 to inject the product into one of the detecting cartridges 121, i.e., to effect injection of the product into one of the detecting cartridges 121.

S5, performing nucleic acid detection (for example, PCR detection) on the products in the detection bin 121 by using a nucleic acid detection module arranged corresponding to the detection bin 121.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A nucleic acid detecting apparatus, comprising:

the reagent seat (10) is provided with a suction cavity (110), a plurality of valve cabins (111), a plurality of extraction cabins (113) and a plurality of detection cabins (121), wherein parts of the valve cabins (111) are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of extraction cabins (113), the rest parts of the valve cabins are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of detection cabins (121), the suction cavity (110) is communicated with each valve cabins (111) and can generate negative pressure for sucking reagent or positive pressure for injecting reagent, and any valve cabin (111) is communicated with the corresponding extraction cabin (113) or detection cabin (121); a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system

A plurality of control valves (20) disposed within each of the valve pockets (111), and each of the control valves (20) is configured to controllably switch between an on state and an off state; when any one of the control valves (20) is in the conducting state, the corresponding extraction bin (113) or detection bin (121) is communicated with the suction cavity (110) through the control valve (20); when any one of the control valves (20) is in the cut-off state, the corresponding extraction bin (113) or detection bin (121) is not communicated with the suction cavity (110).

2. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the control valves (20) includes a valve spool (21) provided in the valve housing (111), the valve spool (21) being controllable to move along the valve housing (111) to a first position or a second position;

-said control valve (20) is in said conductive state when said spool (21) is moved to said first position; when the spool (21) moves to the second position, the control valve (20) is in the shut-off state.

3. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein each of the control valves (20) further includes an elastic member (22) provided in the valve housing (111), the elastic member (22) abutting against the spool (21) to provide an elastic force urging the spool (21) from the first position to the second position.

4. A nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the valve body (21) includes opposite pressing ends (210) and abutting ends (211), the pressing ends (210) penetrating from one end of the valve housing (111) to the outside of the reagent seat (10), the elastic member (22) abutting the abutting ends (211);

when the pressing end (210) is pressed by external force, the valve core (21) can be driven to move from the second position to the first position against the elastic force of the elastic piece (22); when the external force of the pressing end (210) is eliminated, the valve core (21) is driven to move from the first position to the second position by the elastic force provided by the elastic piece (22).

5. A nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the reagent seat (10) has a first flow passage (a 1) communicating the suction chamber (110) with each of the valve cartridges (111), the reagent seat (10) further has a plurality of second flow passages (a 2), each of the extraction cartridges (113) communicates with the corresponding valve cartridge (111) through one of the second flow passages (a 2), and each of the detection cartridges (121) communicates with the corresponding valve cartridge (111) through one of the second flow passages (a 2);

each valve core (21) is provided with a third flow passage (a 4), and when any valve core (21) is positioned at the first position, the third flow passage (a 4) on the valve core (21) is communicated with the corresponding first flow passage (a 1) and second flow passage (a 2); when any one of the valve cores (21) is positioned at the second position, the third flow passage (a 4) on the valve core (21) is not communicated with the corresponding first flow passage (a 1) and/or second flow passage (a 2).

6. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein each of the elastic members (22) has a fourth flow passage (a 6) communicating with the corresponding third flow passage (a 4), the fourth flow passage (a 6) communicating with the corresponding second flow passage (a 2).

7. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a radial dimension of each of the elastic members (22) gradually increases from one end thereof to the opposite end thereof, a small diameter end of each of the elastic members (22) abuts against the corresponding valve body (21), a large diameter end of each of the elastic members (22) abuts against an inner wall of the corresponding valve housing (111), one end of the fourth flow passage (a 6) penetrates through the small diameter end of the elastic member (22) and communicates with the third flow passage (a 4), and the other end of the fourth flow passage (a 6) penetrates through the large diameter end of the elastic member (22) and communicates with the second flow passage (a 2).

8. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the reagent seat (10) further has a plurality of exhaust chambers (114) in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of detection chambers (121), the reagent seat (10) further has a plurality of exhaust passages (a 3), each of the detection chambers (121) communicates with the corresponding valve chamber (111) through one of the exhaust passages (a 3);

each valve core (21) corresponding to each detection bin (121) is provided with an exhaust hole (a 5) communicated with the corresponding exhaust bin (114); when any valve core (21) corresponding to the detection bin (121) moves to the first position, the exhaust hole (a 5) on the valve core (21) is communicated with the corresponding exhaust passage (a 3); when any valve core (21) corresponding to the detection bin (121) moves to the second position, the exhaust hole (a 5) on the valve core (21) is not communicated with the corresponding exhaust passage (a 3).

9. The nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reagent cartridge (10) further has a plurality of heating chambers (112) in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of detecting chambers (121), each heating chamber (112) being configured to house a heating element for heating the corresponding detecting chamber (121).

10. A nucleic acid detecting method using the nucleic acid detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:

preassembling a sample, various extraction reagents for extracting nucleic acids, and various nucleic acid reaction reagents for reacting with nucleic acids into each of the extraction cartridges (113), respectively;

switching between the on state and the off state by controlling the corresponding control valve (20) and driving the suction cavity (110) to generate negative pressure or positive pressure so as to suck and/or inject the sample and the extraction reagent in each extraction bin (113) to mix so as to obtain nucleic acid extracting solution;

switching between the on state and the off state by controlling the respective control valves (20) and driving the suction chamber (110) to generate negative pressure or positive pressure to inject the nucleic acid extracting solution into the extraction cartridge (113) partially or entirely preloaded with the nucleic acid reaction reagent so that the nucleic acid extracting solution reacts with the nucleic acid reaction reagent to form a product;

-switching between said on-state and said off-state by controlling the respective control valve (20) and driving said aspiration chamber (110) to create a negative or positive pressure to inject said product in each of said extraction chambers (113) formed with said product, respectively, to part or all of said detection chambers (121);

and detecting nucleic acid of the product in the detection bin (121) by using a nucleic acid detection module arranged corresponding to the detection bin (121).

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