CN116262659B - Ceramsite for groundwater treatment and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ceramsite for groundwater treatment and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116262659B
CN116262659B CN202310511746.8A CN202310511746A CN116262659B CN 116262659 B CN116262659 B CN 116262659B CN 202310511746 A CN202310511746 A CN 202310511746A CN 116262659 B CN116262659 B CN 116262659B
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ceramsite
content
parts
white mud
equal
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CN116262659A (en
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郜玉楠
黄铿霖
陈忻
徐颂
江学顶
时宛柱
罗英杰
林婧
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Foshan University
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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    • C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
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    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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    • B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
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    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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    • C04B41/5007—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing
    • C04B41/5011—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing containing halogen in the anion
    • C04B41/5012—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing containing halogen in the anion chlorides
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    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses ceramsite for groundwater treatment and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of water treatment. The preparation method of the ceramsite comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly mixing 20-40 parts of aluminum sludge, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 30-50 parts of papermaking white mud and 5-15 parts of ceramic polishing residues to obtain a mixture; (2) molding the mixture to obtain a spherical blank; (3) Firing the spherical blank at 950-1050 ℃ to obtain a ceramsite matrix; (4) Immersing the ceramsite matrix into a zirconium-containing solution, and drying and removing solute in the zirconium-containing solution to obtain a ceramsite finished product for groundwater treatment. The ceramsite disclosed by the invention can realize simultaneous treatment of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and fluoride at a lower temperature, and the treatment cost is reduced.

Description

Ceramsite for groundwater treatment and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to ceramsite for groundwater treatment and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The groundwater resource is an important guarantee for domestic water of residents in China. Since the new century, industrial and agricultural production systems of China are becoming mature, industrial non-standard production, consumption of fuel resources, application of agricultural fertilizers, solid waste pollution and other problems are caused, and pollution of underground water of China is aggravated. In particular, in some heavy industrial areas and large-scale operation agricultural areas, the underground water has higher TDS (total dissolved solid content), phosphate, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and fluoride content, and needs to be treated. Among them, treatments of fluoride, ammonia nitrogen, and the like are of great concern in the prior art, and studies on nitrate nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen) are relatively few. However, nitrate nitrogen has a cancerogenic risk, so that the limit of nitrate in drinking water is set to 10mg/L (counted as N) in the new-out sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2022) of China, which is half of the relevant standard in 2017. This presents a significant challenge to existing underground treated water producers.
For nitrate nitrogen, the existing treatment modes for large-scale application mainly comprise two types: the first type is microbial denitrification, but denitrifying bacteria often need certain temperature conditions, and are difficult to be applied to areas with large four-season temperature differences; and denitrification generally requires anaerobic control, and has high cost; in addition, denitrification often causes secondary pollution, such as methanol production, and if necessary, some organic matters are put in. The other is reverse osmosis, but the equipment requirement is high, the cost is high, and the reverse osmosis is difficult to be adopted for some existing water plants.
On the other hand, in the conventional water works, a coagulant such as aluminum salt or polyaluminium salt is added in the water treatment process to improve the treatment effect, and a large amount of aluminum sludge sediment containing aluminum salt, namely aluminum sludge, is generated in the process. The aluminum sludge can not be directly discharged any more, and the cost of land landfill is high, so the resource utilization of the aluminum sludge is attracting attention.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the ceramsite for water treatment and the preparation method thereof, wherein the ceramsite can simultaneously treat phosphate, fluoride and nitrate nitrogen, and has mild treatment conditions and low maintenance cost. Meanwhile, the recycling utilization of solid wastes in the traditional water plant is realized, and the cost is further reduced.
The invention also solves the technical problem of providing the application of the ceramic particles for groundwater treatment in groundwater treatment to prepare drinking water.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of ceramsite for groundwater treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 20-40 parts of aluminum sludge, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 30-50 parts of papermaking white mud and 5-15 parts of ceramic polishing residues to obtain a mixture; wherein the total consumption of the aluminum sludge, the kaolin, the papermaking white mud and the ceramic polishing slag is 100 parts;
(2) Molding the mixture to obtain a spherical blank;
(3) Firing the spherical green body at 950-1050 ℃ to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
(4) Immersing the ceramsite matrix into a zirconium-containing solution, and drying and removing solute in the zirconium-containing solution to obtain a ceramsite finished product for groundwater treatment.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the zirconium-containing solution is ZrOCl 2 The concentration of the aqueous solution is 15-30wt%.
As an improvement of the technical proposal, fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 10wt percent, the content of CaO is less than or equal to 12wt percent, and Al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 35 weight percent.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 30wt% after the papermaking white mud is burnt to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃;
the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 70wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is less than or equal to 1.5wt percent, and SiO 2 The content of Al is more than or equal to 63wt percent 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 20wt%.
As an improvement of the technical proposal, fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 12-20wt%, the content of CaO is 3-8wt%, and Al 2 O 3 The content of (3) is 38-48wt%;
the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 35-45wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃; after burning to constant weight in 950 ℃ and oxidizing atmosphere, the mass loss rate is 75-85wt%;
the content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is 0.3-1.2wt% and SiO is contained 2 The content of (C) is 64-70wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (C) is 20.5-23 wt%.
As an improvement of the above technical scheme, in the step (3), the firing curve is:
the temperature rise rate is 15-20 ℃/min from room temperature to 350 ℃;
preserving heat for 5-10 min at 350 ℃;
the temperature rise rate is 8-12 ℃/min from 350 ℃ to 850 ℃;
heating from 850 ℃ to a firing temperature at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min;
and (5) preserving heat for 10-15 min at the sintering temperature.
As improvement of the technical scheme, the apparent porosity of the ceramic matrix is more than or equal to 55%, the cylinder pressure is more than or equal to 5MPa, and the bulk density is more than or equal to 0.9g/cm 3 。
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a ceramic particle for groundwater treatment, which is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic particle for groundwater treatment.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses application of the ceramsite for groundwater treatment in forming drinking water by groundwater treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 12-35 ℃.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the ceramsite for groundwater treatment is prepared from the aluminum sludge, the kaolin, the papermaking white mud and the ceramic polishing slag, and then zirconium is loaded, so that the ceramsite can simultaneously treat ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate and fluoride at a lower temperature, and the treatment cost is reduced. And the ceramic aggregate matrix is prepared from solid wastes such as aluminum sludge, papermaking white mud, ceramic polishing slag and the like, and the raw material cost is low.
2. The ceramsite for groundwater treatment is prepared from aluminum sludge, kaolin, papermaking white mud and ceramic polishing slag with specific chemical components, and is combined with a specific firing curve, so that the apparent porosity and the pore diameter uniformity of the ceramsite can be effectively controlled, good loading of zirconium is realized, and the water treatment effect is improved. Meanwhile, the active Al and Fe in the raw materials are more reserved, so that the treatment effect on phosphates and fluorides is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is N of a ceramic granule for groundwater treatment according to example 3 of the present invention 2 Adsorption and desorption isotherm curves;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the pore size distribution of BJH of ceramic particles for groundwater treatment in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
The invention provides a preparation method of ceramsite for groundwater treatment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing 20-40 parts of aluminum sludge, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 30-50 parts of papermaking white mud and 5-15 parts of ceramic polishing residues to obtain a mixture;
wherein the aluminum sludge is solid waste of water plants, contains amorphous iron and aluminum hydroxide, and also contains SiO 2 Minerals such as kaolinite and feldspar. The aluminum sludge is introduced, so that not only is an Al source necessary for the ceramsite provided, but also an Fe source is provided, and the pore channel structure of the ceramsite can be optimized by the gas released by Fe at high temperature, so that the apparent porosity is improved. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, fe in the aluminum sludge is controlled 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 10wt percent, and CaO contentThe weight of the alloy is less than or equal to 12 percent, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 35 weight percent. Based on the control, the apparent porosity of the ceramsite matrix can be improved, more active Al can be reserved, and the subsequent adsorption effect on phosphate, fluoride and ammonia nitrogen can be improved. In addition, the ceramic particle substrate is not sintered too early, so that the apparent porosity is greatly reduced. Further preferably, fe in the aluminum sludge is controlled 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 12 to 20wt%, and is exemplified by 13wt%, 15wt%, 17wt%, 18.5wt% or 19wt%, but not limited thereto. The CaO content in the aluminum sludge is controlled to be 3-8 wt%, and is exemplified by, but not limited to, 3.5wt%, 4.5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6.5wt%, or 7 wt%. Control of Al in aluminum sludge 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 38 to 48wt%, and exemplary is 39wt%, 41wt%, 43wt%, 45wt% or 47wt%, but is not limited thereto.
The aluminum sludge is used in an amount of 20 to 40 parts by weight, and is exemplified by 22 parts, 26 parts, 30 parts, 34 parts, 38 parts, or 39 parts, but not limited thereto.
Wherein, the kaolin can provide plasticity and is convenient for molding. Preferably, in one embodiment of the invention, al in the kaolin is controlled 2 O 3 The kaolin of the component has better plasticity, and can form partial columnar mullite in the firing process, thereby improving the mechanical properties (such as barrel pressure strength and the like) of the ceramsite matrix.
The kaolin is used in an amount of 10 to 20 parts by weight, and is exemplified by 11 parts, 13 parts, 15 parts, 17 or 19 parts, but not limited thereto.
The papermaking white mud is waste residue obtained by a paper mill, contains a large amount of paper fibers and also contains a certain amount of calcium carbonate. By introducing papermaking white mud, the performance of a formed blank body can be improved, the use of kaolin is reduced, and the cost of raw materials is reduced. And a large number of paper fibers can be decomposed to form a large number of pore channels, so that the adsorption performance of the ceramsite is improved. Furthermore, by controlling the firing curve, the paper fiber still can be decomposed and released at a higher temperature (about 900 ℃), so that the decomposed gas can be wrapped on the surfaces of other particles in the formula, and other particles (such as SiC and Fe in ceramic polishing residues) are regulated 2 O 3 Etc.) release gasThe speed is ensured, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the ceramic pores and improving the adsorption effect. The firing temperature of the papermaking white mud is reduced, the conversion of active Al is reduced, and the adsorption effect is improved. The calcium carbonate can be decomposed at high temperature, so that the apparent porosity of the ceramsite is further improved, and the adsorption performance of a ceramsite matrix is improved. Preferably, in one embodiment of the invention, the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 30wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃; the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 70wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃. Based on this control, the treatment effect on phosphates and fluorides can be further improved. Further preferably, the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud after being burned to a constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃ is 35 to 45wt%, and exemplary is 37wt%, 39wt%, 41wt% or 43wt%, but not limited thereto. The mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud after being burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃ is 75-85 wt%, and is exemplified by 77wt%, 79wt%, 81wt% or 83wt%, but not limited thereto.
The papermaking white mud is used in an amount of 30 to 50 parts by weight, and exemplary is 33 parts, 35 parts, 37 parts, 39 parts, 41 parts, 43 parts, 45 parts or 47 parts, but is not limited thereto.
Wherein the ceramic polishing slag is waste obtained by polishing ceramic polishing bricks. The ceramic polishing slag contains a grinding head substance SiC, which can be foamed at high temperature, so that the open porosity of the ceramic matrix is improved. Meanwhile, because the papermaking white mud with high Ca content is introduced into the formula, the viscosity can be reduced at high temperature, and the white mud can corrode SiO formed in the reaction process of SiC 2 The film is then decomposed and foamed at a lower temperature (about 1000 ℃). Whereas conventional SiC and O 2 The reaction temperature is about 1200 ℃. The ceramic polishing slag contains a large amount of active substances which are sintered at a high temperature (1150-1250 ℃), and the adsorption capacity of the ceramic polishing slag on phosphate and ammonia nitrogen can be improved. Preferably, in one embodiment of the invention, the CaO content of the ceramic polishing residues is less than or equal to 1.5wt percent, siO 2 The content of Al is more than or equal to 63wt percent 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 20wt%. Further preferred ceramic polishing residues have a CaO content of 0.3 to 1.2 wt.%, illustratively 0.5 wt.%, 0.7 wt.%, 0.9 wt.%, or 1.1 wt.%, but not limited theretoHere. SiO in ceramic polishing slag 2 The content of (2) is 64 to 70wt%, and exemplary is 65wt%, 67wt%, 68wt% or 69wt%, but not limited thereto. Al in ceramic polishing slag 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 20.5-23 wt%, and is exemplified by, but not limited to, 21wt%, 21.5wt%, 22wt%, or 22.5 wt%.
The amount of the ceramic polishing slag is 5 to 15 parts by weight, and is exemplified by 6 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, or 14 parts, but not limited thereto.
Wherein, a small amount of water can be added in the mixing process, so that the mixture has certain fluidity, and the subsequent molding is convenient. The mixing may be performed by using a mixer commonly used in the art, or may be performed by using a ball mill, but is not limited thereto.
S2: molding the mixture to obtain a spherical blank;
specifically, the mixture may be molded by a disk granulator, but is not limited thereto. And (5) drying the spherical blank at 80-100 ℃ after molding.
S3: firing the spherical blank at 950-1050 ℃ to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
specifically, firing can be performed using a firing profile conventional in the art, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the firing profile is: the temperature rise rate is 15-20 ℃/min from room temperature to 350 ℃; preserving heat for 5-10 min at 350 ℃; the temperature rise rate is 8-12 ℃/min from 350 ℃ to 850 ℃; the temperature rising rate is 5-20 ℃/min from 850 ℃ to the firing temperature (950-1050 ℃); and (5) preserving heat for 10-15 min at the sintering temperature. Based on the firing curve, the content of active Al and Fe in the ceramsite matrix can be effectively improved, and the efficiency of treating phosphate, fluoride and ammonia nitrogen is improved. Meanwhile, the active Al and Fe can also improve the load capacity of zirconium and the treatment capacity of nitrate nitrogen.
Specifically, the ceramic matrix obtained based on the formula and the preparation method has apparent porosity of more than or equal to 55%, cylinder pressure of more than or equal to 5MPa and bulk density of more than or equal to 0.9g/cm 3 。
S4: immersing the ceramsite matrix into a zirconium-containing solution, and drying and removing solute in the zirconium-containing solution to obtain a ceramsite finished product for groundwater treatment.
The zirconium-containing solution may be, but not limited to, an aqueous solution of zirconium chloride, an aqueous solution of zirconium acetate, an aqueous solution of zirconium nitrate, an aqueous solution of zirconyl nitrate, or an aqueous solution of zirconyl chloride. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the zirconium-containing solution is ZrOCl 2 The concentration of the aqueous solution is 15-30wt%.
Further, before soaking the zirconium-containing solution, the ceramsite can be soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid (5-12wt%) for 10-30 h, and then rinsed until the pH is constant. After soaking the zirconium-containing solution, soaking the zirconium-containing solution for 1-5 hours by adopting NaOH solution (5-15 wt%) and then rinsing the zirconium-containing solution until the pH is constant. Based on the technology, zr can be loaded on the surface of the ceramsite matrix, so that the adsorption quantity of fluoride and nitrate nitrogen is effectively improved.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a ceramic particle for groundwater treatment, which is prepared by the preparation method of the ceramic particle for groundwater treatment.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses application of the ceramsite in groundwater treatment to prepare drinking water. Specifically, the treatment temperature may be 12-35 ℃. Based on the treatment temperature, the fluorine removal rate of the ceramsite is more than or equal to 95%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than or equal to 98%, the phosphate removal rate is more than or equal to 90%, and the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is more than or equal to 35%. Moreover, the ceramsite disclosed by the invention is low in treatment temperature, and can be suitable for areas with large four-season temperature difference, such as northeast old industrial areas.
The invention is illustrated below by means of specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of ceramsite for groundwater treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 24 parts of aluminum sludge, 15 parts of kaolin, 49 parts of papermaking white mud and 12 parts of ceramic polishing slag to obtain a mixture;
wherein Fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 13.5 wt.%, caO 4.3 wt.%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) was 42.5% by weight. Al of Kaolin 2 O 3 The content is 38.3wt%; the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 25.4wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃. Firing the papermaking white mud in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 DEG CAfter reaching constant weight, the mass loss rate was 76.3wt%. The content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is 1.4wt percent, siO 2 The content of (C) is 66.8wt%, al 2 O 3 21.8wt%.
(2) Shaping the mixture by adopting a disc granulator to obtain a spherical blank, and drying at 85 ℃;
(3) Firing the spherical blank to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
wherein, the firing curve is: the temperature is kept for 20min at 300 ℃ from room temperature to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 30 ℃/min; heating up at a rate of 20 ℃/min from 300 ℃ to 1020 ℃; the temperature is kept at 1020℃for 15min.
(4) The ceramsite substrate is soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid (10 wt%) for 24h, and then rinsed with water until the pH is constant. Then immerse ZrOCl 2 And (3) evaporating the mixture in a water bath (80 ℃) in the water solution (20 wt%) to dryness, soaking the mixture in a NaOH solution (8 wt%) for 3 hours, and rinsing the mixture with water until the pH is constant, thus obtaining the product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of ceramsite for groundwater treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 24 parts of aluminum sludge, 15 parts of kaolin, 49 parts of papermaking white mud and 12 parts of ceramic polishing slag to obtain a mixture;
wherein Fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 13.5 wt.%, caO 4.3 wt.%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) was 42.5% by weight. Al of Kaolin 2 O 3 The content is 38.3wt%; the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 37.4wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃. The mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 80.5wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃. The content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is 1.4wt percent, siO 2 The content of (C) is 66.8wt%, al 2 O 3 21.8wt%.
(2) Shaping the mixture by adopting a disc granulator to obtain a spherical blank, and drying at 85 ℃;
(3) Firing the spherical blank to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
wherein, the firing curve is: the temperature is kept for 20min at 300 ℃ from room temperature to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 30 ℃/min; heating up at a rate of 20 ℃/min from 300 ℃ to 1020 ℃; the temperature is kept at 1020℃for 15min.
(4) The ceramsite substrate is soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid (10 wt%) for 24h, and then rinsed with water until the pH is constant. Then immerse ZrOCl 2 And (3) evaporating the mixture in a water bath (80 ℃) in the water solution (20 wt%) to dryness, soaking the mixture in a NaOH solution (8 wt%) for 3 hours, and rinsing the mixture with water until the pH is constant, thus obtaining the product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of ceramsite for groundwater treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 24 parts of aluminum sludge, 15 parts of kaolin, 49 parts of papermaking white mud and 12 parts of ceramic polishing slag to obtain a mixture;
wherein Fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 13.5 wt.%, caO 4.3 wt.%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) was 42.5% by weight. Al of Kaolin 2 O 3 The content is 38.3wt%; the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 37.4wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃. The mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 80.5wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃. The content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is 1.4wt percent, siO 2 The content of (C) is 66.8wt%, al 2 O 3 21.8wt%.
(2) Shaping the mixture by adopting a disc granulator to obtain a spherical blank, and drying at 85 ℃;
(3) Firing the spherical blank to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
wherein, the firing curve is: the temperature rising rate is 16.5 ℃/min from room temperature to 350 ℃; preserving heat at 350 ℃ for 8min; the temperature rising rate is 11 ℃/min from 350 ℃ to 850 ℃; heating from 850 ℃ to 1020 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min; the temperature is kept at 1020 ℃ for 12min.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the formulation of the ceramsite matrix does not include aluminum sludge, and all the other components are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the formulation of the ceramsite matrix does not include papermaking white mud, and all the other components are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the ceramsite substrate formulation does not include ceramic polishing slag, and all the other components are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the formulation of the ceramsite matrix does not include aluminum sludge and papermaking white mud, and the other components are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the formulation of the ceramsite matrix does not include aluminum sludge and ceramic polishing slag, and the other components are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a method for preparing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that the formulation of the ceramsite matrix does not include papermaking white mud and ceramic polishing slag, and the other components are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example provides a method for producing ceramsite, which is different from example 1 in that step (3) is not included, i.e., the ceramsite substrate is not immersed in the zirconium-containing solution for treatment, and the rest is the same as example 1.
The ceramsite prepared in each example and comparative example is taken for experiments, and the specific experimental method is as follows:
preparing raw water with fluorine concentration of 10mg/L, phosphate concentration of 20mg/L, nitrate nitrogen concentration of 30mg/L and ammonia nitrogen concentration of 5mg/L, placing the raw water into a conical flask, adding ceramsite into the conical flask according to the input amount of 15g/L, placing the conical flask into a constant-temperature oscillator with the temperature of 20 ℃, oscillating for 1h at 140rpm, and measuring the fluorine concentration, phosphate concentration, nitrate nitrogen concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water. Specific measurement methods are referred to "Water and wastewater monitoring analysis method" (fourth edition), and the removal rate is calculated.
The experimental results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table, the ceramsite can realize the fluoride removal rate of over 96.5 percent, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of over 98.3 percent, the phosphate rate of over 90.5 percent and the nitrate nitrogen removal rate of over 36.6 percent under the low-temperature environment (20 ℃), so that the effective treatment of the underground water is realized, and the water quality after the treatment can completely meet the requirements of relevant national standards.
The ceramic particles obtained in example 3 were subjected to adsorption/desorption experiments and pore diameter measurement, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. Wherein FIG. 1 is a view of ceramsite N 2 Adsorption and desorption isotherms, as can be seen, when p/p 0 Lower, for N 2 The adsorption amount of (2) increases slowly, indicating fewer micropores. Thereafter at N 2 Gradually adsorbed from a single layer to multiple layers on the inner surface of the porous structure. Thereafter N 2 The adsorption capacity of (2) increases rapidly in the range of 0.6 to 1, producing a distinct hysteresis loop, but the increase in adsorption capacity does not end when the relative pressure reaches 1.0, reflecting the presence of mesopores and macropores. According to ICUPA classification, the adsorption isotherm is an IV type isotherm with an H1 type hysteresis loop, the IV type isotherm can be usually observed in mesoporous materials, and the H1 hysteresis loop can reflect that the adsorption material is spherical particles with uniform size and belongs to mesoporous materials with uniform pore size distribution. Fig. 2 shows the BJH pore size distribution diagram of the ceramsite, wherein the pore size has a distinct peak value at 2.750nm, which indicates that most of the pore size is concentrated in the range, and accords with the mesoporous (2-50 nm) structural characteristics, and the pore size can well absorb fluoride, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and nitrate nitrogen.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the ceramsite for groundwater treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Uniformly mixing 20-40 parts by weight of aluminum sludge, 10-20 parts by weight of kaolin, 30-50 parts by weight of papermaking white mud and 5-15 parts by weight of ceramic polishing residues to obtain a mixture; wherein the total consumption of the aluminum sludge, the kaolin, the papermaking white mud and the ceramic polishing slag is 100 parts;
(2) Molding the mixture to obtain a spherical blank;
(3) Firing the spherical green body at 950-1050 ℃ to obtain a ceramsite matrix;
(4) Immersing the ceramsite matrix into a zirconium-containing solution, and drying and removing solute in the zirconium-containing solution to obtain a ceramsite finished product for groundwater treatment;
fe in the aluminum sludge 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 10wt percent, the content of CaO is less than or equal to 12wt percent, and Al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 35 weight percent;
the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 30wt% after the papermaking white mud is burnt to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃;
the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is more than or equal to 70wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 950 ℃;
the content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is less than or equal to 1.5wt percent, and SiO is contained in the ceramic polishing slag 2 The content of Al is more than or equal to 63wt percent 2 O 3 The content of (2) is more than or equal to 20wt%;
wherein, in the step (3), the firing curve is:
the temperature rise rate is 15-20 ℃/min from room temperature to 350 ℃;
preserving heat for 5-10 min at 350 ℃;
the temperature rise rate is 8-12 ℃/min from 350 ℃ to 850 ℃;
heating from 850 ℃ to a firing temperature at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min;
preserving the temperature for 10-15 min at the firing temperature.
2. The method for preparing ceramic granules for groundwater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the zirconium-containing solution is ZrOCl 2 The concentration of the aqueous solution is 15-30wt%.
3. The method for preparing ceramic granules for groundwater treatment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Fe in the aluminum sludge is as follows 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 12-20wt%, the content of CaO is 3-8wt%, and Al 2 O 3 The content of (3) is 38-48wt%;
the mass loss rate of the papermaking white mud is 35-45wt% after the papermaking white mud is burned to constant weight in an oxidizing atmosphere at 600 ℃; after burning to constant weight in 950 ℃ and oxidizing atmosphere, the mass loss rate is 75-85wt%;
the content of CaO in the ceramic polishing slag is 0.3-1.2wt% and SiO is contained 2 The content of (C) is 64-70wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (C) is 20.5-23 wt%.
4. The method for producing ceramic granules for groundwater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the apparent porosity of the ceramic matrix is not less than 55%, the cylinder pressure is not less than 5MPa, and the bulk density is not less than 0.9g/cm 3 。
5. A ceramic granule for groundwater treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The use of the ceramic granules for groundwater treatment according to claim 5 for preparing drinking water, wherein the treatment temperature is 12-35 ℃.
CN202310511746.8A 2023-05-09 2023-05-09 Ceramsite for groundwater treatment and preparation method and application thereof Active CN116262659B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108585934A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-09-28 西安科技大学 A kind of aluminium sludge ceramsite preparation method
CN113416088A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-09-21 南通大学 Modified anorthite ceramsite capable of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108585934A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-09-28 西安科技大学 A kind of aluminium sludge ceramsite preparation method
CN113416088A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-09-21 南通大学 Modified anorthite ceramsite capable of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen and preparation method thereof

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