CN116259866A

CN116259866A - Charging method, battery management system, battery, and readable storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN116259866A
Application number: CN202310513778.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵世佳; 钟奇能; 李玲; 宋书涛
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-09
Filing date: 2023-05-09
Publication date: 2023-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2043-05-09
Also published as: CN116259866B

Abstract

The application is applicable to the technical field of batteries, and provides a charging method, a battery management system, a battery and a readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first state of charge of a battery to be charged; determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table is used for recording the corresponding relation between the state of charge and the charging rate; charging the battery to be charged according to the first charging multiplying power; acquiring the current voltage value of the battery to be charged; and determining a second charging rate according to the current voltage value and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is different from the first charging rate. By the method, the battery can be charged with the charging multiplying power which is as large as possible but reasonable, so that the charging time can be shortened, and the good experience of a user is improved.

Description

Charging method, battery management system, battery, and readable storage medium

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a charging method, a battery management system, a battery and a readable storage medium.

Background

Currently, devices that rely on the amount of power provided by a battery to operate are increasing, and how to quickly charge the battery is a matter of increasing concern to users.

In the prior art, the corresponding relation between the voltage, the temperature value and the capacity and the charging multiplying power is preset, when the battery needs to be charged, the current voltage, the current temperature value and the current capacity of the battery are obtained, the charging multiplying power corresponding to the battery is determined according to the obtained corresponding relation between the parameters and the preset, and finally the battery is charged by adopting the determined charging multiplying power.

However, when the above method is used to charge the battery, the time required is still long, so a new method is needed to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a charging method, a battery management system, a battery and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problem of longer charging time corresponding to the existing charging method.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method, including:

acquiring a first state of charge of a battery to be charged;

determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table is used for recording the corresponding relation between the state of charge and the charging rate;

Charging the battery to be charged according to the first charging multiplying power;

after the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate, the method further comprises:

acquiring the current voltage value of the battery to be charged;

and determining a second charging rate according to the current voltage value and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

After a first charging rate corresponding to the battery to be charged is determined according to a first state of charge of the battery to be charged and a preset first mapping table, the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate. Because the state of charge can influence the accumulated polarization of the charging process, the first charging rate is determined according to the first state of charge of the battery to be charged, which is equivalent to maximally exploring the capacity of the battery to be charged and then determining the charging rate of the battery to be charged according to the capacity after the excavation, so that the battery can be charged with the charging rate as large as possible and reasonable, the charging time can be shortened, and the good experience of a user is improved. In addition, the probability of deviation of the voltage value is far smaller than that of the SOC, so that when the voltage value is adopted to control the jump of the charging multiplying power, the accuracy of the jump can be improved, and the safety of the battery to be charged can be ensured by timely controlling the jump of the charging multiplying power.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the determining, according to the first state of charge and the preset first mapping table, a first charging rate further includes:

respectively charging the test battery from each preset target state of charge by adopting different preset charging multiplying powers;

respectively monitoring anode potential values corresponding to the test batteries when the test batteries are charged at different preset charging multiplying powers;

according to the monitored anode potential value, calculating a charging rate corresponding to the anode potential reaching the lithium precipitation potential value, and obtaining a target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge;

and generating the preset first mapping table according to each target charge state and the target charging rate corresponding to each target charge state.

When the target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge is determined by adopting the method, the accuracy of the obtained target charging rate can be improved, and the accuracy of the obtained first mapping table is further improved.

In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the number of the first mapping tables is greater than 1, different first mapping tables correspond to different temperature values, and before the determining the first charging rate according to the first state of charge and the preset first mapping table, the method further includes:

Acquiring a temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging;

determining a first mapping table corresponding to a temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging from a plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a target mapping table;

the determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table includes:

and determining the first charging rate according to the first state of charge and the target mapping table.

Because the temperature value of the battery to be charged can influence the charging rate which can be supported by the battery to be charged, the target mapping table is determined from the plurality of first mapping tables according to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging, namely the target mapping table which is more in line with the current situation of the battery to be charged is determined, and the accuracy of the charging rate determined according to the target mapping table is improved.

In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, after the charging the to-be-charged battery according to the first charging rate, the method further includes:

acquiring a second charge state of the battery to be charged;

and determining a third charging rate according to the second charge state and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the third charging rate, wherein the third charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

Because the second charge state obtained after the battery to be charged is necessarily larger than the first charge state of the battery to be charged, the third charge rate corresponding to the second charge state is likely to be unequal to the first charge rate corresponding to the first charge state of the battery to be charged, and therefore when the first charge rate and the second charge rate are unequal, the battery to be charged is charged by adopting the third charge rate corresponding to the second charge state, and the battery to be charged can be ensured to be charged by more accurate charge rate.

acquiring a current temperature value of the battery to be charged;

if the current temperature value is different from the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging, searching a first mapping table corresponding to the current temperature value from a plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a new target mapping table;

and determining a fourth charging rate according to the second state of charge and the new target mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the fourth charging rate, wherein the fourth charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

Because the current temperature value of the battery to be charged is also obtained in the process of charging the battery to be charged, and the corresponding first mapping tables are different when the temperature values are different, the first mapping tables corresponding to the current temperature value of the battery to be charged can be timely matched with the first mapping table corresponding to the current temperature value according to the matching of the current temperature value of the battery to be charged and the corresponding temperature value of each first mapping table in the charging process, so that the accuracy of the charging multiplying power determined later is improved.

In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining the current temperature value of the battery to be charged includes:

after the preset temperature value interval duration is reached, the current temperature value of the battery to be charged is obtained, and the temperature value interval duration is determined according to the current charging multiplying power of the battery to be charged.

Because the size of the charging multiplying power influences the temperature of the battery to be charged, the accuracy of the obtained temperature value interval duration can be improved by determining the temperature value interval duration according to the charging multiplying power.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, including:

the first state of charge acquisition module is used for acquiring a first state of charge of the battery to be charged;

The first charging rate determining module is used for determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table is used for recording the corresponding relation between the state of charge and the charging rate;

the first charging rate charging module is used for charging the battery to be charged according to the first charging rate;

the current voltage value acquisition module is used for acquiring the current voltage value of the battery to be charged after the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging multiplying power;

and the second charging rate charging module is used for determining a second charging rate according to the current voltage value and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery management system comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method according to any one of the first aspects when executing the computer program.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method according to any one of the first aspects when executing the computer program.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method according to any of the first aspects.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product which, when run on a battery, causes the battery to perform the method of any one of the first aspects above.

It will be appreciated that the advantages of the second to sixth aspects may be found in the relevant description of the first aspect, and are not described here again.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between SOC and anode potential according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between anode potential variation with SOC at different preset charging rates according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a charging rate when an anode potential reaches a lithium precipitation potential according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of charging windows at different start SOCs according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system configurations, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

Furthermore, the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for indicating or implying relative importance.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless expressly specified otherwise.

Embodiment one:

when determining the charge rate according to the voltage, the temperature value, and the current capacity, although the voltage interval and the temperature value of the charge are considered, since the influence of the charge start State of charge (SOC) on the charge rate is not considered, and the initial SOC is different, the accumulated polarization is also different, it is difficult to maximally discover the capability of the test battery if the initial SOC is not considered, resulting in an excessively long charge period. For example, assuming that the initial SOC (e.g., SOC before charging) is 10% SOC, the charge rate charged to the 70-80% SOC interval is 0.8C; and if the initial SOC is 40% SOC, the accumulated polarization is reduced compared with the lower initial SOC (such as 10% SOC), so that the charging rate from 40% SOC to 70-80% SOC can reach 0.9C, namely, the charging rate is improved.

In order to maximize the capability of the test battery and shorten the charging time, the embodiment of the application provides a charging method.

In the charging method, a corresponding relation between a charge state of a battery and a charging rate is predetermined, and a first mapping table is obtained. Before a certain battery needs to be charged, a first charge state of the battery is acquired, the acquired first charge state is compared with each charge state in a first mapping table, so that the charging multiplying power corresponding to the acquired first charge state is found, and then the battery is charged according to the found charging multiplying power.

Since the charge rate is determined in conjunction with the state of charge of the battery, the ability to test the battery can be maximally explored, thereby shortening the charge duration.

The charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application, which is described in detail below:

step S11, a first charge state of the battery to be charged is obtained.

The battery to be charged is a battery to be charged. The battery to be charged can be a battery on various electric devices, such as a battery on electric automobiles, electric motorcycles, mobile phones, tablet computers, electric ships and the like.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first state of charge may be a state of charge of the battery to be charged (i.e., an initial state of charge) before charging. For example, the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) acquires the current SOC (i.e., the first state of charge) of the battery to be charged (i.e., the battery to be charged) after detecting that the user is about to charge the battery (i.e., the battery to be charged) (e.g., after detecting that a charging wire is inserted).

Step S12, determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table is used for recording the corresponding relation between the state of charge and the charging rate.

Specifically, the corresponding relation between different SOCs and charging rates of the battery is predetermined and recorded in a first mapping table, for example, the corresponding relation between a plurality of SOCs and charging rates is recorded, or the corresponding relation between a plurality of SOC intervals and charging rates is recorded. The different SOCs include SOCs corresponding to the battery before charging, for example, the first mapping table records a charging rate corresponding to the SOC of 10% before charging, records a charging rate corresponding to the SOC of 20% before charging, and so on.

In this embodiment of the present application, since the first mapping table records the correspondence between the SOC and the charging rate, after the first state of charge of the battery to be charged is obtained, the obtained SOC may be matched with the SOC in the first mapping table, and the matched charging rate is used as the first charging rate corresponding to the battery to be charged.

It should be noted that, if the first mapping table records a correspondence between a single SOC and a charging rate, and the obtained SOC is not matched to the identical SOC from the first mapping table, the SOC smaller than the obtained SOC but closest to the obtained SOC in the first mapping table may be regarded as the matched SOC. For example, assuming that the first mapping table records the correspondence relationship with the charging rate C1 when the SOC is 10% and the correspondence relationship with the charging rate C2 when the SOC is 20%, if the currently acquired SOC is 4%, since 4% is smaller than 10% and closer to 10%, C1 is used to charge the battery to be charged. Because the larger the SOC is, the lower the charge rate the battery can bear, the SOC which is smaller than the acquired SOC but closest to the acquired SOC is used as the matched SOC, and the largest charge rate can be found out according to the matched SOC, so that the charge duration of the battery to be charged can be shortened when the battery to be charged is charged according to the largest charge rate.

Of course, if the first mapping table records the correspondence between the SOC interval and the charging rate, the corresponding charging rate may be determined by determining the SOC interval in which the obtained SOC falls. For example, assuming that the first mapping table records the corresponding relationship between the interval from 0% to 10% of SOC and the charging rate C1, and the corresponding relationship between the interval from 10% to 20% of SOC and the charging rate C2, if the currently obtained SOC is 4%, since 4% falls into the interval from 0% to 10%, C1 is used to charge the battery to be charged.

And S13, charging the battery to be charged according to the first charging rate.

Specifically, the BMS requests a corresponding current or a corresponding power according to the first charging rate to charge the battery to be charged. For example, when the BMS charges the battery to be charged by requesting a current to the charging pile, the BMS calculates a current value according to the first charging rate and a nominal capacity of the battery to be charged, requests a current equal to the current value to the charging pile, and outputs a corresponding current according to the requested current value by the charging pile. In some embodiments, considering that the battery to be charged may have an aging phenomenon, and the current that can be charged by the battery to be charged that has an aging phenomenon is different from the current that can be charged by the battery to be charged that does not have an aging phenomenon, when the battery to be charged is charged, the health state and the nominal capacity of the battery to be charged may be obtained first, then the current required for charging is determined according to the first charging rate, the health state and the nominal capacity, and finally the battery to be charged is charged according to the current. Wherein the current required for charging can be calculated according to the following formula:

current = first charge rate nominal capacity state of health.

And S14, acquiring the current voltage value of the battery to be charged.

Considering that the SOC recorded by the BMS generally has an error, and different SOCs generally correspond to different charging rates, in order to avoid the problem that the SOC deviation is large and thus the charging window is exceeded, the embodiment of the present application further increases the voltage value as a condition for controlling the charging rate to jump. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the first mapping table is further used to record the correspondence between the voltage value, the state of charge, and the charging rate.

Specifically, the BMS acquires the current voltage value of the battery to be charged in real time or after the preset voltage value interval duration is reached in the process of charging the battery to be charged. The voltage value interval duration may be set to a fixed value, or may be determined according to the charging rate, that is, set to a dynamically changing value. For example, the voltage value interval duration is set to a smaller value when the charging magnification is large, and is set to a larger value when the charging magnification is small.

And S15, determining a second charging rate according to the current voltage value and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

When the first mapping table includes: when the corresponding relation between the state of charge, the voltage value and the charging rate is reached, in the embodiment of the application, the second charging rate corresponding to the obtained current voltage value of the battery to be charged can be determined from the first mapping table. Because which charging rate is adopted for charging the battery to be charged can be controlled according to the voltage value, and the deviation (5 mV) of the voltage value is far smaller than the deviation (3% -5%) of the SOC, when the voltage value is adopted for controlling the jump of the charging rate, the accuracy of the jump can be improved, and the safety of the battery to be charged can be ensured when the jump of the charging rate is controlled in time.

In the embodiment of the application, according to the first state of charge of the battery to be charged and a preset first mapping table, a first charging rate corresponding to the battery to be charged is determined, and the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate. Because the first state of charge can influence the accumulated polarization of the charging process, the first charging rate is determined according to the first state of charge of the battery to be charged, which is equivalent to maximally exploring the capacity of the battery to be charged and then determining the charging rate of the battery to be charged according to the capacity after the excavation, so that the battery can be charged with the charging rate as large as possible but reasonable, the charging time can be shortened, and the good experience of a user is improved. In addition, the probability of deviation of the voltage value is far smaller than that of the SOC, so that when the voltage value is adopted to control the jump of the charging multiplying power, the accuracy of the jump can be improved, and the safety of the battery to be charged can be ensured by timely controlling the jump of the charging multiplying power.

It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic of each process, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application in any way.

Embodiment two:

in this embodiment, before charging the battery, the first mapping table needs to be determined. That is, in some embodiments, before the step S12, the method further includes:

a1, respectively charging the test battery from each preset target state of charge by adopting different preset charging multiplying powers.

Wherein the number of target states of charge is typically greater than 1. The target state of charge may be preset by a user, for example, the user may set the target state of charge to 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or the like.

The preset charging rate is a preset charging rate, and the number of the preset charging rates is greater than 1. In order to distinguish from the charging rates of the first embodiment described above, the charging rate set in advance to determine the first map is referred to herein as a "preset charging rate".

The test battery is used for determining the first mapping table, and the model of the test battery can be the same as the model of the battery to be charged. In the test battery, the number of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 1. When the number of the battery cells is greater than 1, a plurality of battery cells are overlapped to form a laminated test battery. In some embodiments, considering that when a large lamination cell (such as a cell with a capacity of several tens of amperes) is used for testing, material is wasted, and the testing time period is too long, in this embodiment, when a lamination cell is used for testing, a small lamination cell, such as a lamination cell with a capacity of 0.1 amperes, is used for testing.

In this embodiment of the present application, before a charging rate corresponding to a certain target state of charge needs to be determined, the state of charge of the test battery is adjusted to the target state of charge, and charging of the test battery is started from the target state of charge by using different preset charging rates.

For example, assuming that the SOC is 10% (i.e., one target state of charge is 10%), the preset charging rate is 0.2C (1C represents the current intensity when the battery is fully discharged for one hour, wherein the larger C represents the stronger charging capability of the test battery), 0.5C, 0.8C, and charging the test battery from 10% SOC using these preset charging rates specifically includes: firstly calibrating the discharge capacity of the test battery, namely firstly carrying out standard charging on the test battery, and then releasing the electric quantity of the test battery after the charging is finished until the ratio of the residual electric quantity of the test battery to the capacity of the test battery in a fully charged state is 10%, and then charging the test battery from the state of charge (SOC) of 10% by adopting a preset charging rate of 0.2C. The SOC of the test battery is adjusted to 10% after the end of charging with the preset charging rate of 0.2C (e.g., the adjustment of the SOC of the test battery is achieved by charging the test battery first and then discharging to 10%), and then the test battery is charged from 10% with the preset charging rate of 0.5C. After the charging is finished, the SOC of the test battery is adjusted to 10% by using the preset charging rate of 0.5C, and then the test battery is charged from 10% by using the preset charging rate of 0.8C. Since the SOC of the test battery is adjusted first after the test battery is charged at each time with a preset charging rate, it is possible to ensure that each target state of charge is started from which the test battery is charged at a different charging rate, thereby ensuring that a desired potential value can be obtained later.

A2, respectively monitoring anode potential values corresponding to the test batteries when the test batteries are charged at different preset charging multiplying powers.

Here, the anode potential value refers to a potential value corresponding to the anode potential.

Specifically, a plurality of reference electrodes may be disposed near the anode of the test cell, and the potential corresponding to the reference electrode having the lowest potential is referred to as the anode potential. And monitoring the potential value of the anode potential in the process of charging the test battery at each preset charging multiplying power to obtain the anode potential value of the embodiment of the application. The potential value determined by the method is more accurate because the anode potential is the potential corresponding to the reference electrode with the lowest potential. Of course, if only one reference electrode is disposed near the anode, the potential corresponding to the reference electrode is referred to as the anode potential, and will not be described herein.

And A3, calculating the corresponding charging multiplying power when the anode potential reaches the lithium precipitation potential value according to the monitored anode potential value, and obtaining the target charging multiplying power corresponding to the target state of charge.

Wherein, the potential value of the lithium precipitation is 0mV.

Specifically, if 0mV is not monitored in the monitoring process, determining a corresponding relationship between the anode potential values and the charging rate according to the monitored anode potential values, and determining the charging rate corresponding to 0mV according to the determined corresponding relationship. Of course, if 0mV is monitored in the monitoring process, the charging rate corresponding to 0mV can be directly determined.

A4, generating the preset first mapping table according to each target charge state and the target charge rate corresponding to each target charge state.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first mapping table is generated according to the correspondence between the multiple target states of charge and the multiple target charging rates.

In the embodiment of the present application, for each target state of charge, different preset charging rates are used to start charging the test battery from the target state of charge, and the anode potential value in the charging process is monitored, so that the anode potential change relationship along with the change of the state of charge under different preset charging rates can be obtained according to the monitored anode potential value, so that the optimal charging rate corresponding to the charging from different target states of charge can be calculated according to the obtained different anode potential change relationships. When the target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge is determined by the method, the accuracy of the obtained target charging rate can be improved, and the accuracy of the obtained first mapping table is further improved.

In some embodiments, the predetermined charging rate is in positive correlation with the charging capability of the test battery. Specifically, if the charging capability of the test battery is stronger, the preset charging rate is larger, that is, the larger charging rate is adopted to charge the test battery. For example, assuming that for a test battery with an equivalent 1.2C charging capability, the following preset charging rates may be set: 0.2C, 0.5C, 0.8C, 1.2C, 1.8C, 2.4C, 3.0C. For a test battery with equivalent 2C charging capability, the following preset charging rates may be set: 0.5C, 1.0C, 1.5C, 2.0C, 2.5C, 3.5C, 4.5C.

The charging capability of the test battery can be determined according to whether the test battery supports fast charging. For example, if the test battery is capable of supporting a fast charge (e.g., 20 minutes can allow the amount of charge to reach 80% of the test battery capacity), this indicates that the test battery has a higher charge capacity, and the charge rate selected for the test will be greater.

In the embodiment of the application, since the larger the charging rate that can be supported by the test battery with higher charging capacity, the preset charging rate is determined according to the positive correlation relationship between the preset charging rate and the charging capacity of the test battery, so that the target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge can be obtained quickly and accurately in the test process, and the first mapping table can be obtained quickly and accurately.

In some embodiments, the number of the preset charging rates is 5 to 8.

In the embodiment of the present application, the more the number of preset charging rates is considered, the more accurate the obtained first mapping table is, but the more the number of preset charging rates is, the longer the required test duration is, so that the number of preset charging rates is set between 5 and 8, and the speed and accuracy of the first mapping table can be effectively balanced.

Embodiment III:

in some embodiments, the temperature value of the battery may also affect the charging rate of the battery, so the corresponding first mapping table may be determined according to different temperature values. For example, one first map is determined using the method disclosed in the second embodiment above when the battery temperature value is 25 °, another first map is determined using the method disclosed in the second embodiment above when the battery temperature value is 10 °, and so on. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the first mapping tables is greater than 1, different first mapping tables correspond to different temperature values, the recommended test temperature is-20 ℃/-10 ℃/0 ℃/10 ℃/25 ℃, and other temperatures can be obtained through fitting methods such as interpolation. At this time, before the step S12, the method further includes:

b1, acquiring a temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging.

Specifically, the BMS may detect a temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging through a temperature sensor. It should be noted that the BMS may also obtain the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging when obtaining the first state of charge of the battery to be charged, which is not limited herein.

And B2, determining a first mapping table corresponding to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging from a plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a target mapping table.

Specifically, the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is compared with the temperature value corresponding to each first mapping table, and if the temperature value which is completely equal to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is found, the first mapping table corresponding to the found temperature value is determined as the target mapping table.

It should be noted that if the temperature completely equal to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is not found, the temperature value which is smaller than the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging but closest to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is used as the found temperature value. For example, if the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is 26 °, and if the temperature value of the battery to be charged is less than 26 ° and closest to the 25 °, the 25 ° is determined as the found temperature value, and the first map corresponding to 25 ° is determined as the target map, assuming that the first map corresponding to 20 °, the first map corresponding to 25 °, and the first map corresponding to 30 ° are generated in advance. Because the lower the temperature value is, the lower the charge rate the battery can bear is, therefore, under the condition that the temperature value which is completely equal to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is not found, the temperature value which is smaller than the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging but is closest to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is selected as the found temperature value, and the safety of the subsequent charging of the battery to be charged according to the charge rate determined by the temperature value can be ensured.

Correspondingly, the step S12 specifically includes:

In the embodiment of the application, since the temperature value of the battery to be charged can influence the charging rate which can be supported by the battery to be charged, the target mapping table is determined from the plurality of first mapping tables according to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging, namely the target mapping table which is more in line with the current situation of the battery to be charged is determined, and the accuracy of the charging rate determined according to the target mapping table is improved.

In some embodiments, considering that the battery to be charged may have polarization during the charging process, a new charging rate (i.e., a third charging rate) is generally used to charge the battery to be charged after determining that the SOC of the battery to be charged changes during the same charging process. Specifically, to determine the charging rates corresponding to different SOCs, in this embodiment of the present application, the correspondence between the state of charge and the charging rate of the first mapping table may be set to include: the corresponding relationship between the state of charge before charging and the state of charge during charging and the charging rate at this time, after the step S13, further includes:

And C1, acquiring the second charge state of the battery to be charged.

The second state of charge is the state of charge after the battery to be charged is charged. In some embodiments, the second state of charge is a current state of charge of the battery to be charged.

Specifically, the second state of charge of the battery to be charged may be obtained in real time or after a preset state of charge interval duration is reached. The preset state of charge interval duration may be set to a fixed value, or may be determined according to the charging rate, that is, set to a dynamically changing value. For example, when the charging magnification is large, the state of charge interval duration is set to a small value, and when the charging magnification is small, the state of charge interval duration is set to a large value.

In this embodiment of the present application, since the second state of charge of the battery to be charged is obtained after the battery to be charged is charged, the second state of charge is the SOC of the battery to be charged corresponding to the charging process, that is, the second state of charge is necessarily greater than the SOC of the battery to be charged before charging.

And C2, determining a third charging rate according to the second charge state and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the third charging rate, wherein the third charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

In some embodiments, the first mapping table may be a target mapping table, that is, the target mapping table is a first mapping table determined from a plurality of first mapping tables according to a temperature value of the battery to be charged.

In this embodiment of the present application, the third charging rate corresponding to the obtained second state of charge of the battery to be charged may be determined from the first mapping table (or the target mapping table). Specifically, since the obtained second state of charge is necessarily greater than the SOC of the battery to be charged before charging, the third charging rate corresponding to the second state of charge is likely to be different from the first charging rate corresponding to the first state of charge of the battery to be charged, so that when the two states of charge are different, the battery to be charged is charged by adopting the third charging rate corresponding to the second state of charge, so that the battery to be charged can be ensured to be charged with more accurate charging rate. It should be noted that, because the first mapping table includes the correspondence between the voltage value and the state of charge (such as the state of charge before charging and the state of charge during charging) and the charging rate, in actual situations, the jump of the charging rate may be controlled according to the SOC or the voltage value. Specifically, if the SOC is determined to satisfy the skip condition, the charging rate is controlled to skip, and if the voltage value is determined to satisfy the skip condition, the charging rate is controlled to skip. That is, as long as any one of the SOC and the voltage value satisfies the skip condition, the charging rate skip is controlled, so that timeliness of the charging rate skip control can be improved, and safety of the battery to be charged can be ensured.

In some embodiments, after the step C2 is performed, if the charging of the battery to be charged is continued, the steps C1 and C2 may be further performed, and the charging rate may be updated in time until the charging of the battery to be charged is stopped.

In order to more clearly describe how to determine the first mapping table, a specific application example will be described below.

Assuming that the temperature value needs to be determined to be 25 °, the target state of charge (i.e., SOC before charging) is 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% of the target charging rate, and the preset charging rate is: 0.2C, 0.4C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C, 2.5C.

The process of determining the target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge of 0% with the temperature value of 25 ° is as follows:

(1) Under the condition that the temperature value of the test battery is 25 degrees, the discharge capacity of the test battery is calibrated first, and then the SOC of the test battery is adjusted to 0%.

(2) And (3) charging the test battery from 0% by adopting a preset charging rate of 0.2C, and recording an anode potential value of the anode potential in the charging process. After the charging is finished, the SOC of the test battery is readjusted to 0%, the test battery is charged from 0% by adopting a preset charging rate of 0.5C, and the anode potential value of the anode potential in the charging process is recorded. The remaining charging process of the preset charging rate and the recording process of the anode potential value are similar to the process of charging the test battery with the preset charging rate of 0.2C and the recording process of the anode potential value, respectively, and will not be described again here. The relationship between the obtained SOC and the anode potential is shown in fig. 2.

(3) According to the preset charging rate, the target state of charge and the monitored anode potential value, the anode potential change relation with the change of the SOC under different preset charging rates can be obtained, as shown in FIG. 3.

(4) And calculating the corresponding charging rate when the anode potential reaches the lithium precipitation potential according to the anode potential change relation along with the change of the SOC under different preset charging rates, as shown in figure 4.

The determination process of the target charging rates corresponding to the other target states of charge (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%) is similar to the determination process corresponding to the target state of charge being 0%, and will not be described here again. After determining the target charging rates corresponding to the respective target states of charge, charging windows under different target states of charge (i.e., different starting SOCs) are obtained, as shown in fig. 5.

According to the charging rates corresponding to different initial SOCs in fig. 5 and the voltage values monitored during the process of charging the battery to be charged according to the charging rates, the first mapping table shown in the following table 1 is determined.

As can be seen from table 1 above, when the initial SOC (i.e., the SOC of the battery to be charged before charging) is 0%, the charging rate employed is 2.75C if charging is from 0% to 10%. In the charging process, if the current SOC is detected to be 10%, a new charging rate (namely 2.12C) is adopted to charge the battery to be charged, or if the voltage is detected to be 3.743 in the charging process, a new charging rate (namely 2.12C) is adopted to charge the battery to be charged.

In some embodiments, considering that the temperature value of the battery to be charged generally increases with the increase of the charging duration during the charging process, the current temperature value of the battery to be charged needs to be monitored during the charging process of the battery to be charged, so as to determine whether the target mapping table needs to be replaced according to the current temperature value. Specifically, after the above step S13, the method further includes:

and D1, acquiring the current temperature value of the battery to be charged.

Specifically, the current temperature value of the battery to be charged can be obtained in real time or after the preset temperature value interval time is reached. The preset temperature value interval duration may be set to a fixed value, or may be determined according to the charging rate, that is, the temperature value interval duration is set to a dynamically changing value. For example, the temperature value interval duration is set to a smaller value when the charging magnification is large, and is set to a larger value when the charging magnification is small. Because the size of the charging multiplying power influences the temperature of the battery to be charged, the accuracy of the obtained temperature value interval duration can be improved by determining the temperature value interval duration according to the charging multiplying power.

In some embodiments, the obtaining of the temperature value generally needs to be obtained by interaction between different modules, but the charging time length can be obtained by self accumulation, so in this embodiment, in order to obtain the current temperature value of the battery to be charged before the temperature value will jump, so as to reduce the interaction times between different modules as much as possible, a second mapping table including the corresponding relationship between the charging time length and the temperature value can be determined first, and then the temperature value interval time length for obtaining the current temperature value of the battery to be charged in two adjacent times is determined according to the second mapping table and the SOC of the battery to be charged before charging. Wherein, the second mapping table may be determined according to the following manner:

and selecting a corresponding charging rate to charge the test battery according to the corresponding relation between the state of charge and the charging rate in the preset first mapping table, and monitoring the temperature value and the charging duration of the test battery.

And determining the corresponding charging time length when the temperature value jumps, and obtaining the temperature value interval time length.

And determining a second mapping table according to the corresponding relation between the temperature value, the temperature value interval duration and the charge state and the charging multiplying power in the first mapping table.

And after the second mapping table is obtained, charging the battery to be charged according to the corresponding relation between the charge state and the charging multiplying power in the second mapping table. In the charging process, counting the charging time length, comparing the charging time length with the temperature value interval time length in the second mapping table, and if the temperature value interval time length matched with the charging time length does not exist in the second mapping table, not obtaining the current temperature value of the battery to be charged. Otherwise, if the second mapping table has the interval duration of the temperature value matched with the charging duration, the temperature value of the battery to be charged is indicated to jump, and at this time, the current temperature value of the battery to be charged is obtained, so that the target mapping table corresponding to the current temperature value can be replaced in time. As can be seen from table 1, since the charging rates corresponding to the battery to be charged to the same SOC are generally different when the initial SOCs are different, the interval durations of the temperature values corresponding to the current temperature value of the battery to be charged when the initial SOCs are different are also generally different, so that the interval durations of the temperature values which are more matched with the actual values can be obtained.

And D2, if the current temperature value is different from the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging, searching a first mapping table corresponding to the current temperature value from a plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a new target mapping table.

For example, assuming that 25 ° corresponds to the first mapping table M1, 30 ° corresponds to the first mapping table M2, and the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging is 25 °, the target mapping table determined according to the 25 ° is the first mapping table M1, and after charging the battery to be charged, if the current temperature value of the battery to be charged is 30 °, the new target mapping table determined according to the 30 ° is the first mapping table M2.

And D3, determining a fourth charging rate according to the second state of charge and the new target mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the fourth charging rate, wherein the fourth charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

The fourth charging rate is a new charging rate determined according to the second state of charge of the battery to be charged and the new target mapping table.

In the embodiment of the application, since the current temperature value of the battery to be charged is also obtained in the process of charging the battery to be charged, and the corresponding first mapping tables are different when the temperature values are different, the first mapping tables corresponding to the current temperature value of the battery to be charged and each first mapping table are matched in the charging process according to the current temperature value of the battery to be charged, and the first mapping tables corresponding to the current temperature value can be timely matched, so that the accuracy of the charging multiplying power determined later is improved.

Embodiment four:

corresponding to the charging method described in the above respective method embodiments, fig. 6 shows a block diagram of the charging device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and for convenience of explanation, only the portions related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

Referring to fig. 6, the charging device 6 includes: the first state of charge acquisition module 61, the first charge rate determination module 62, the first charge rate charging module 63, the current voltage value acquisition module 64, the second charge rate charging module 65. Wherein:

the first state of charge obtaining module 61 is configured to obtain a first state of charge of the battery to be charged.

The first charging rate determining module 62 is configured to determine a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table, where the first mapping table is used to record a corresponding relationship between the state of charge and the charging rate.

Specifically, the corresponding relation between different SOCs and charging rates of the battery is predetermined and recorded in a first mapping table, for example, the corresponding relation between a plurality of SOCs and charging rates is recorded, or the corresponding relation between a plurality of SOC intervals and charging rates is recorded.

And a first charging rate charging module 63, configured to charge the battery to be charged according to the first charging rate.

The current voltage value obtaining module 64 is configured to obtain a current voltage value of the battery to be charged after the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate.

And a second charging rate charging module 65, configured to determine a second charging rate according to the current voltage value and the first mapping table, and charge the battery to be charged with the second charging rate, where the second charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

In the embodiment of the application, according to the first charge state of the battery to be charged and a preset first mapping table, a first charging rate corresponding to the battery to be charged is determined, and the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate. Because the first state of charge can influence the accumulated polarization of the charging process, the first charging rate is determined according to the state of charge of the battery to be charged, which is equivalent to maximally exploring the capacity of the battery to be charged and then determining the charging rate of the battery to be charged according to the capacity after the excavation, so that the battery can be charged with the charging rate as large as possible but reasonable, the charging time can be shortened, and the good experience of a user is improved. In addition, the probability of deviation of the voltage value is far smaller than that of the SOC, so that when the voltage value is adopted to control the jump of the charging multiplying power, the accuracy of the jump can be improved, and the safety of the battery to be charged can be ensured by timely controlling the jump of the charging multiplying power.

In some embodiments, the charging device 6 provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes:

and the test charging module is used for respectively charging the test battery from the target state of charge by adopting different preset charging rates for each preset target state of charge before determining the first charging rate according to the first state of charge and the preset first mapping table.

And the anode potential value monitoring module is used for respectively monitoring anode potential values corresponding to the test batteries when the test batteries are charged at different preset charging multiplying powers.

And the charging rate calculation module is used for calculating the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential reaching the lithium precipitation potential value according to the monitored anode potential value, and obtaining the target charging rate corresponding to the target state of charge.

And the first mapping table generation module is used for generating the preset first mapping table according to each target charge state and the target charging multiplying power corresponding to each target charge state.

In some embodiments, the number of the first mapping tables is greater than 1, and different first mapping tables correspond to different temperature values, and the charging device 6 provided in this embodiment of the present application further includes:

And the temperature value acquisition module before charging is used for acquiring the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging before determining the first charging multiplying power according to the first state of charge and a preset first mapping table.

And the target mapping table determining module is used for determining a first mapping table corresponding to the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging from a plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a target mapping table.

Correspondingly, the first charging rate determining module 62 is specifically configured to:

In some embodiments, the correspondence between the state of charge and the charging rate includes a correspondence between a first state of charge, a state of charge in a charging process, and the charging rate, where the charging device 6 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:

the second state of charge obtaining module is configured to obtain a second state of charge of the battery to be charged after the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate.

And the third charging rate charging module is used for determining a third charging rate according to the second charging state and the first mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the third charging rate, wherein the third charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

the current temperature value obtaining module is used for obtaining the current temperature value of the battery to be charged after the battery to be charged is charged according to the first charging rate.

And the new target mapping table determining module is used for searching a first mapping table corresponding to the current temperature value from the plurality of first mapping tables to obtain a new target mapping table if the current temperature value is different from the temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging.

And the fourth charging rate charging module is used for determining a fourth charging rate according to the second charging state and the new target mapping table, and charging the battery to be charged by adopting the fourth charging rate, wherein the fourth charging rate is different from the first charging rate.

In some embodiments, the current temperature value obtaining module is specifically configured to:

It should be noted that, because the content of information interaction and execution process between the above devices/units is based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application, specific functions and technical effects thereof may be referred to in the method embodiment section, and will not be described herein again.

Fifth embodiment:

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the battery management system 7 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 70 (only one processor is shown in fig. 7), a memory 71, and a computer program 72 stored in the memory 71 and executable on the at least one processor 70, the processor 70 implementing the steps in any of the various method embodiments described above when executing the computer program 72.

The battery management system 7 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 70, a memory 71. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that fig. 7 is merely an example of the battery management system 7 and is not meant to be limiting of the battery management system 7, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may include different components, such as input-output devices, network access devices, etc.

The processor 70 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) and the processor 70 may be any other general purpose processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 71 may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the battery management system 7, such as a hard disk or a memory of the battery management system 7. The memory 71 may also be an external storage device of the battery management system 7, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash Card (Flash Card) or the like, which are provided on the battery management system 7 in other embodiments. Further, the memory 71 may include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the battery management system 7. The memory 71 is used for storing an operating system, an application program, a boot loader (BootLoader), data, other programs, and the like, such as program codes of the computer programs. The above-described memory 71 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

Example six:

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the battery 8 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 80 (only one processor is shown in fig. 8), a memory 81, and a computer program 82 stored in the memory 81 and executable on the at least one processor 80, the steps of any of the various method embodiments described above being implemented when the processor 80 executes the computer program 82.

The battery 8 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 80, a memory 81. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that fig. 8 is merely an example of the battery 8 and is not intended to limit the battery 8, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may include different components, such as input-output devices, network access devices, etc.

The processor 80 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), the processor 80 may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 81 may be an internal storage unit of the battery 8, such as a hard disk or a memory of the battery 8, in some embodiments. The memory 81 may be an external storage device of the battery 8, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card) or the like, which are provided on the battery 8 in other embodiments. Further, the memory 81 may include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the battery 8. The memory 81 is used for storing an operating system, an application program, a boot loader (BootLoader), data, other programs, and the like, such as program codes of the computer programs. The above-described memory 81 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.

The embodiment of the application also provides a network device, which comprises: at least one processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, the processor implementing the steps in any of the various method embodiments described above when the computer program is executed by the processor.

The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement steps in each of the method embodiments described above.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product that, when run on a battery, causes the battery to perform steps that enable the implementation of the method embodiments described above.

The integrated units described above, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application implements all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiments, and may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the above computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above. The computer program comprises computer program code, and the computer program code can be in a source code form, an object code form, an executable file or some intermediate form and the like. The computer readable medium may include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographing device/terminal apparatus, recording medium, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. Such as a U-disk, removable hard disk, magnetic or optical disk, etc. In some jurisdictions, computer readable media may not be electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals in accordance with legislation and patent practice.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/network device and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus/network device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions in actual implementation, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A charging method, comprising:

acquiring a first state of charge of a battery to be charged;

acquiring the current voltage value of the battery to be charged;

2. The charging method according to claim 1, further comprising, before said determining a first charging rate according to the first state of charge and a preset first map:

3. The charging method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the first mapping tables is greater than 1, different first mapping tables correspond to different temperature values, and before the determining the first charging rate according to the first state of charge and the preset first mapping table, the method further comprises:

acquiring a temperature value of the battery to be charged before charging;

4. The charging method according to claim 1, further comprising, after said charging said battery to be charged according to said first charging magnification:

acquiring a second charge state of the battery to be charged;

5. The charging method according to claim 4, further comprising, after said charging said battery to be charged according to said first charging magnification:

acquiring a current temperature value of the battery to be charged;

6. The charging method of claim 5, wherein said obtaining a current temperature value of said battery to be charged comprises:

7. A charging device, characterized by comprising:

8. A battery management system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.

9. A battery comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed.

10. A readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.