CN116259784B - Fuel cell automobile thermal management system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell automobile thermal management system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116259784B CN116259784B CN202310313986.7A CN202310313986A CN116259784B CN 116259784 B CN116259784 B CN 116259784B CN 202310313986 A CN202310313986 A CN 202310313986A CN 116259784 B CN116259784 B CN 116259784B
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- power battery
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- pile
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 357
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 63
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell automobile thermal management system and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of auxiliary systems of vehicles; the system comprises an intercooler, a pressure sensor, a pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor, a pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor, a pile cooling liquid circulating pump, a pile cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve, a pile radiator, an electric heating device, a deionizing device, a pile cooling liquid expansion kettle, a power battery cooling liquid circulating pump, a power battery cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve, a power battery radiator, a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor, a power battery pack and a power battery heating circulating three-way electromagnetic valve; the invention effectively realizes the low-temperature rapid preheating and the accurate temperature control of the power battery and the fuel battery, reduces the cost of the thermal management system of the fuel battery automobile and improves the safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle auxiliary systems, in particular to a fuel cell automobile thermal management system and a using method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy into direct-current electric energy, and has the advantages of cleanness, high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Under the promotion of the national double-carbon policy, the hydrogen fuel cell has rapid development in the fields of new energy automobiles, distributed power generation, rail transit and the like, and has very broad application prospect.
The hydrogen fuel cell generates heat energy equivalent to output electric energy in the working process, if the heat energy of the department cannot be effectively transferred in time, the proton exchange membrane can be dried, the membrane performance is reduced, and the output characteristic and the service life of the fuel cell are further affected; at low temperatures, however, the fuel cell cannot be started directly due to icing, reduced electrochemical activity, etc., and it is necessary to heat the fuel cell to a suitable low temperature start-up temperature. For lithium ion power batteries, discharge at very low temperatures may induce cracking of the positive electrode active material particles, resulting in irreversible loss of capacity; charging at low temperature, lithium ions can directly generate metal lithium dendrites on the surface of the negative electrode, so that serious safety accidents are easy to cause; the high temperature may cause an increase in side reactions inside the lithium ion battery, forming irreversible capacity loss, and even possibly causing thermal runaway. Therefore, in the existing fuel cell automobile, a method of providing a plurality of electric heating devices for the fuel cell is generally adopted to realize that the fuel cell can realize cold start in a low-temperature environment, and a plurality of electric heating devices are also provided for the power cell to ensure that the power cell can work in the low-temperature environment; meanwhile, when the working temperatures of the fuel cell and the power cell are higher, the heat is dissipated through the radiator respectively, so that the fuel cell and the power cell are ensured to work in a proper temperature range. Obviously, a plurality of electric heating devices are required to be arranged in the system, and more high-voltage and low-voltage wire harnesses are required to be configured, so that the system cost is high, and a certain high-voltage leakage risk exists; this is a problem that needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the fuel cell automobile thermal management system is provided to realize low-temperature rapid preheating and accurate temperature control of a power cell and a fuel cell, reduce the cost of the fuel cell automobile thermal management system and improve the safety.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A fuel cell automotive thermal management system; the system comprises a power battery thermal management system and a pile thermal management system;
the electric pile heat management system comprises an intercooler, a pressure sensor, an electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor, an electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor, an electric pile cooling liquid circulating pump, an electric pile cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve, an electric pile radiator, an electric heating device, a deionizing device and an electric pile cooling liquid expansion kettle;
The power battery thermal management system comprises a power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle, a power battery cooling liquid circulating pump, a power battery cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve, a power battery radiator, a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor, a power battery pack and a power battery heating circulating three-way electromagnetic valve;
The intercooler is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of compressed air entering the fuel cell stack, and the heat exchange medium is stack cooling liquid;
the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pile inlet pressure of the pile cooling liquid;
The pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor is used for detecting pile inlet temperature of pile cooling liquid; the pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor is used for detecting pile outlet temperature of pile cooling liquid;
the electric pile is a power generation place for directly converting chemical energy into direct-current electric energy, and can output electric energy according to load requirements and simultaneously generate heat;
The pile cooling liquid circulating pump is used for controlling the flow of the fuel cell cooling liquid flowing through the pile;
the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is used for controlling electric pile cooling liquid to flow through an electric pile radiator for radiating or flow through an electric heating device for rapidly heating the electric pile;
the electric pile radiator is used for timely exchanging heat generated when the electric pile outputs electric energy with the atmosphere;
The electric heating device is used for heating the cooling liquid of the electric pile and the cooling liquid of the power battery;
the deionization device has the function of removing metal ions separated out from pipelines, bipolar plates and the like which are contacted with the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile in the cyclic use process, and reducing the conductivity of the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile;
The pile cooling liquid expansion kettle is used for storing pile cooling liquid, buffering the temperature of the cooling liquid entering a pile radiator and removing gas generated in the circulation process of the pile cooling liquid;
The power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle stores power battery cooling liquid, buffers the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the power battery radiator, and removes gas generated in the circulation process of the power battery cooling liquid;
The power battery cooling liquid circulating pump is used for controlling the flow of the power battery cooling liquid flowing through the power battery pack;
The power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve has the function that when the power battery pack needs to be heated in a low-temperature environment, the power battery cooling liquid flows into the power battery pack directly after flowing through the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve, and does not flow through a power battery radiator;
The power battery radiator is used for controlling the action of the radiator fan when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid exceeds the minimum threshold value temperature of the radiator fan when the power battery pack is started in the charging or discharging process, so as to ensure that the power battery cooling liquid enters the temperature required range of the power battery pack;
the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid entering the power battery pack;
the power battery pack is used for providing a high-voltage direct-current power supply for the whole vehicle drive and outputting electric energy when the electric heating device works in a low-temperature environment;
the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve has the function that when the power battery pack needs to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve and then enters the electric heating device and circulates through the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump, and when the power battery pack does not need to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve and then directly enters the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump to circulate.
Preferably, the controller takes the intercooler and the electric pile as management objects of the electric pile thermal management system; the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor of the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile and the temperature sensor of the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile are used as control inputs of a thermal management system of the electric pile; meanwhile, the power battery pack is used as a thermal management object of the power battery thermal management system; the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor is used as the control input of the power battery thermal management system.
In addition, the invention provides an effective use method for the operation of the system under different working conditions:
Under the charging working condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than the first highest charging temperature T char_max1 of the power battery and the highest voltage U cell_max of the power battery unit is lower than the voltage U cell_1 of the power battery unit; or when the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than the second highest charging temperature T char_max2,Tchar_max2＜Tchar_max1 of the power battery and the U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the heating circulation loop, and the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with cooling liquid to directly enter the power battery pack loop; when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +DeltaT1 and U cell_max is lower than U cell_1, or the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max2 +DeltaT2 and U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the electric power battery management system sends a closing instruction to the thermal management system controller, the heating device is closed, the three-way electromagnetic valve of the heating circulation of the power battery is closed, and the heating circulation loop is directly communicated with the cooling liquid circulation pump of the power battery. The three-way solenoid valve for power battery cooling liquid circulation is connected with the cooling liquid and directly enters the power battery pack loop, when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery cooling liquid inlet or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 + delta T3, the three-way solenoid valve for power battery cooling liquid circulation is gradually adjusted in opening degree, when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery cooling liquid inlet or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 + delta T4, the three-way solenoid valve for power battery cooling liquid circulation is fully opened and connected with the circulation loop of the power battery radiator, and cutting off a loop directly connected with the power battery pack; when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is lower than T char_max1 +DeltaT3, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator;
The delta T1 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 1-6 ℃, the delta T2 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 2-6 ℃, the delta T3 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 10-17 ℃, and the delta T4 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 15-23 ℃.
Under a discharging working condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not more than the lowest heating and discharging temperature T mindisch_on of the power battery pack, the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the heating circulation loop, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with cooling liquid to directly enter the power battery pack loop, when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not less than the lowest heating and discharging temperature T mindisch_off, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve cuts off the heating circulation loop of the power battery cooling liquid, and is connected with the circulation loop directly connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation pump, and meanwhile, if the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not less than T mindisch_off +DeltaT5, the opening degree of the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is gradually adjusted according to the detected temperature value, and when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of battery management system is not less than the lowest heating and the average discharging temperature T mindisch_off, and the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation loop is not lower than 6+DeltaT; when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is lower than T mindisch_off +DeltaT5, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator;
the delta T5 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 42-50 ℃, and the delta T6 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 48-56 ℃.
When the controller receives a starting instruction and if the ambient temperature T envir is lower than T mindisch_on, the thermal management system responds to a heating request sent by the power battery management system preferentially, and controls the electric heating device to enter a working mode, and the power battery carries out thermal management according to the discharging working condition; the three-way electromagnetic valve for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is communicated with a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is quickly raised until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile is not lower than T fc_min, the electric pile is started at low temperature, the opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is gradually regulated after the low-temperature start is successful, part of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell continuously flows through the electric heating device for heating circulation, and part of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell flows through the radiator of the electric pile; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile reaches the starting temperature threshold value of the cooling fan of the electric pile radiator, the three-way electromagnetic valve for circulating the cooling liquid of the electric pile is closed, the circulating loop directly connected with the electric heating device is started, the cooling fan is started, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile, the temperature difference value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile and the temperature difference value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile and the target control difference value.
If the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than T mindisch_off but lower than T fc_min, the fuel cell system controller sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device starts to work, meanwhile, the power cell heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve keeps a circulation loop directly connected with the power cell cooling liquid circulation pump to be connected, the power cell cooling liquid heating circulation loop is cut off, the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device, so that the temperature of the fuel cell cooling liquid is quickly increased until the temperature detected by the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor is not lower than T fc_min, the electric pile is started at low temperature, the opening of the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve is gradually adjusted after the low-temperature start is successful, part of the fuel cell cooling liquid continues to flow through the electric heating device to be heated and circulated, and part of the fuel cell cooling liquid flows through the electric pile radiator; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile reaches the starting temperature threshold value of the cooling fan of the electric pile radiator, the three-way electromagnetic valve for circulating the cooling liquid of the electric pile is closed, the circulating loop directly connected with the electric heating device is started, the cooling fan is started, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile, the temperature difference value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile and the temperature difference value detected by the temperature sensor at the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile and the target control difference value.
If the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than T fc_min, the thermal management system controls the electrical heating device to be in an off state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention has the beneficial effects that the existing fuel cell system and power cell system are modified into a system structure which only needs one electric heating device, the configuration quantity of the electric heating device and the high-low voltage wire bundles is reduced, and the system cost is reduced; meanwhile, the number of high-voltage devices is reduced, so that the number of high-voltage leakage risk points is reduced, and the safety is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle thermal management system in the present embodiment;
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-an intercooler; 2. a pressure sensor; 3. a stack coolant inlet temperature sensor; 4. a galvanic pile; 5. a stack coolant outlet temperature sensor; 6. a stack cooling liquid circulating pump; 7. a three-way electromagnetic valve for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile; 8. a stack heat sink; 9. an electric heating device; 10. a deionization device; 11. pile cooling liquid expansion pot; 12. a power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle; 13. a power battery cooling liquid circulating pump; 14. a three-way electromagnetic valve for circulating the cooling liquid of the power battery; 15. a power battery radiator; 16. a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor; 17. a power battery pack; 18. the power battery heats and circulates the three-way electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
Examples:
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell automobile thermal management system, which includes a power cell thermal management system and a stack thermal management system;
the electric pile heat management system comprises an intercooler 1, a pressure sensor 2, an electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3, an electric pile 4, an electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5, an electric pile cooling liquid circulating pump 6, an electric pile cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 7, an electric pile radiator 8, an electric heating device 9, a deionization device 10 and an electric pile cooling liquid expansion kettle 11;
The power battery thermal management system comprises a power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle 12, a power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13, a power battery cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 14, a power battery radiator 15, a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16, a power battery pack 17 and a power battery heating circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18;
The intercooler 1 is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of compressed air entering the fuel cell stack 4, and a heat exchange medium of the intercooler is stack cooling liquid;
the pressure sensor 2 is used for detecting pile inlet pressure of pile cooling liquid;
The pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 is used for detecting pile inlet temperature of pile cooling liquid; the pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 is used for detecting pile outlet temperature of pile cooling liquid; the temperature difference value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 5 and the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 and the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 are used as fan rotating speed adjusting input of the electric pile radiator 8; in general, the difference between the temperature detected by the galvanic pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 5 and the temperature detected by the galvanic pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 is controlled within 10K;
The electric pile 4 is a power generation place for directly converting chemical energy into direct-current electric energy, and can output electric energy according to load requirements and simultaneously generate heat;
The pile cooling liquid circulating pump 6 is used for controlling the flow rate of the fuel cell cooling liquid flowing through the pile 4;
The electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is used for controlling electric pile cooling liquid to flow through the electric pile radiator 8 for radiating or flow through the electric heating device 9 for rapidly heating the electric pile;
The electric pile radiator 8 is used for timely exchanging heat generated when the electric pile 4 outputs electric energy with the atmosphere;
The electric heating device 9 is used for heating the cooling liquid of the electric pile and the cooling liquid of the power battery; the structure is that double cavities are formed, the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile and the cooling liquid of the power battery are not mixed mutually, meanwhile, the fluid cavity of the heating device and the two cooling liquids are required to have good material compatibility, the conductivity of the cooling liquid is less than or equal to 10 mu S/cm after the cooling liquid is required to be placed for 48 hours at the temperature of not lower than 25 ℃ after purified water is injected, and the conductivity of the cooling liquid is preferably less than or equal to 5 mu S/cm after the cooling liquid is placed for 48 hours; in addition, the electric heating device 9 can be a constant resistance type or PTC product, preferably a constant resistance type product;
The deionization device 10 has the function of removing metal ions precipitated by pipelines, bipolar plates and the like which are contacted with the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile in the process of recycling, and reducing the conductivity of the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile;
The pile cooling liquid expansion kettle 11 is used for storing pile cooling liquid, buffering the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the pile radiator 8 and removing gas generated in the circulation process of the pile cooling liquid;
The power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle 12 stores power battery cooling liquid, buffers the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the power battery radiator 15, and removes gas generated in the circulation process of the power battery cooling liquid;
the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13 is used for controlling the flow rate of the power battery cooling liquid flowing through the power battery pack 17;
the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 has the functions that when the power battery pack 17 needs to be heated in a low-temperature environment, the power battery cooling liquid directly enters the power battery pack 17 after passing through the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14, and does not flow through the power battery radiator 15, so that the flow resistance of the power battery cooling liquid is reduced, the work load of the power battery cooling liquid circulation pump 13 is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat loss caused by the fact that the power battery cooling liquid flows through the radiating fins of the power battery radiator 15 is avoided;
the power battery radiator 15 is used for controlling the cooling fan to act when the temperature of the cooling liquid of the power battery exceeds the minimum threshold value temperature of the radiator 15 when the power battery pack 17 is charged or discharged, so as to ensure that the cooling liquid of the power battery enters the temperature required range of the power battery pack 17;
The power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid entering the power battery pack 17; providing control inputs for thermal management controllers
The power battery pack 17 is used for providing a high-voltage direct current power supply for the whole vehicle driving, providing a starting power supply for auxiliary systems (such as an air compressor, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen return pump and the like) when the fuel cell system is started, and outputting electric energy when the electric heating device 9 works in a low-temperature environment;
The power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18 has the function that when the power battery pack 17 needs to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18 and then enters the electric heating device 9 and circulates through the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13, and when the power battery pack 17 does not need to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18 and then directly enters the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13 to circulate.
The connection mode can be referred to as follows:
The outlet sides of cooling pipelines of the intercooler 1 and the electric pile 4 are respectively led into an electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 after passing through an electric pile cooling liquid circulation pump 6; a pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 2 and a pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 are respectively arranged on the inlet and outlet pipeline sides of the pile 4; the other two interfaces of the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 are respectively connected to the electric pile radiator 8 and the electric heating device 9; a branch pipe is also connected to a pipeline of the pile cooling liquid circulating pump 6 which is input to the pile cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 7, and the branch pipe is connected to the pile cooling liquid expansion kettle 11 after passing through the deionizing device 10; one outlet side of the stack radiator 8 is connected to a stack coolant expansion tank 11; the outlet ends of the pile cooling liquid expansion kettle 11, the electric heating device 9 and the pile radiator 8 are also provided with a pipeline connected to the inlet of the pile 4, and a branch pipe connected with the inlet side of the intercooler 1 is also arranged on the pipeline;
The electric heating device 9 is also provided with a pair of inlet connecting pipes which are connected with one outlet of the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18, and the outlet connecting pipes are connected to the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 18 and output to a pipeline of the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13; an inlet of the power battery heating cycle three-way electromagnetic valve 18 is connected to the power battery pack 17; the outlet pipe of the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump 13 is divided into two pipelines by a power battery cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve 14, wherein one pipeline passes through a power battery radiator 15 and then is connected with the other pipeline to be connected to the inlet of a power battery pack 17; a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 is also arranged on an inlet pipeline of the power battery pack 17; a branch pipe for connecting the power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle 12 is also arranged on a pipeline between the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 and the power battery pack 17; the outlet of the battery cooling liquid expansion kettle 12 is connected to a three-way electromagnetic valve 18 for heating and circulating the power battery and is output to a pipeline of a cooling liquid circulating pump 13 of the power battery.
Example 2:
The present embodiment provides the operation method of the whole set of system for one type of temperature difference parameter (Δt1=1 ℃, Δt2=2 ℃, Δt3=10 ℃, Δt4=15 ℃, Δt5=42 ℃, Δt6=48 ℃):
For the charging working condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than T char_max1 and U cell_max is lower than U cell_1, or the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than T char_max2Tchar_max2＜Tchar_max1 and U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device 9 starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 18 is connected with a heating circulation loop, and the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is connected with cooling liquid to directly enter the loop of the power battery pack 17; when the power battery coolant temperature detected by the power battery coolant inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +1 ℃ and U cell_max is lower than U cell_1, or when the power battery coolant temperature detected by the power battery coolant inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max2 +2 ℃ and U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the electric power battery management system sends a shutdown instruction to the thermal management system controller, the heating device 9 is closed, the three-way electromagnetic valve 18 for heating and circulating the power battery is closed, and the heating and circulating loop is directly communicated with the cooling liquid circulating pump 13 of the power battery. The three-way solenoid valve 14 for power battery cooling liquid circulation is connected with the cooling liquid and directly enters the loop of the power battery pack 17, when the temperature of the cooling liquid of the power battery detected by the temperature sensor 16 for cooling liquid of the power battery or the average temperature of the battery detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +10 ℃, the three-way solenoid valve 14 for power battery cooling liquid circulation is gradually adjusted in opening degree, when the temperature of the cooling liquid of the power battery detected by the temperature sensor 16 for cooling liquid of the power battery or the average temperature of the battery detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +15 ℃, the three-way solenoid valve 14 for power battery cooling liquid circulation is fully opened and connected with the loop connected with the radiator 15 of the power battery, and cuts off the circuit directly connected with the power battery pack 17; when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is lower than T char_max1 +10 ℃, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator 15;
For the discharging working condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not more than the lowest discharging temperature T mindisch_on of the power battery pack 17, the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device 9 starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 18 is connected with a heating circulation loop, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is connected with cooling liquid directly into the power battery pack 17 loop, when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T mindisch_off, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 18 cuts off the heating circulation loop of the power battery cooling liquid, connects the circulation loop directly connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation pump 13, and simultaneously, if the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T mindisch_off +42 ℃, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is gradually adjusted in opening according to the detected temperature value, and when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery management system is not lower than T mindisch_off, and the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is connected with the whole power battery cooling liquid circulation loop and the whole-way 17 is connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation loop and the whole-state heater and the power battery cooling system is not connected with the power battery cooling unit; when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 16 or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is lower than T mindisch_off +42 ℃, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 14 closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator 15;
When the low-temperature self-starting temperature of the electric pile 4 is T fc_min and the fuel cell system controller receives a starting instruction, if the ambient temperature T envir is lower than T mindisch_on, the thermal management system responds to a heating request sent by the power cell management system preferentially, and controls the electric heating device 9 to enter a working mode, and the power cell carries out thermal management according to the discharging working condition; the three-way electromagnetic valve 7 for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is communicated with a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device 9, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is quickly raised until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 3 at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile is not lower than T fc_min, the electric pile 4 is started at low temperature, the opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve 7 for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is gradually regulated after the low-temperature start is successful, part of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell continuously flows through the electric heating device 9 for heating circulation, and the other part of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell flows through the electric pile radiator 8; when the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 reaches a starting temperature threshold value of a cooling fan of the electric pile radiator 8, the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 closes a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device 9, the cooling fan is started at the same time, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 and the temperature difference value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 and the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 and the target control difference value;
If the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than T mindisch_off but lower than T fc_min, the fuel cell system controller sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device 9 starts to work, meanwhile, the power cell heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 18 keeps a circulation loop directly connected with the power cell cooling liquid circulation pump 13 to be connected, the power cell cooling liquid heating circulation loop is cut off, the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is connected with a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device 9 to enable the fuel cell cooling liquid to quickly rise in temperature until the temperature detected by the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 is not lower than T fc_min, the electric pile 4 is started at low temperature, the opening of the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 is gradually adjusted after the low-temperature start is successful, part of the fuel cell cooling liquid continues to flow through the electric heating device 9 to be heated, and part of the fuel cell cooling liquid continues to flow through the electric pile radiator 8; when the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 reaches a starting temperature threshold value of a cooling fan of the electric pile radiator 8, the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve 7 closes a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device 9, the cooling fan is started at the same time, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 and the temperature difference value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 5 and the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor 3 and the target control difference value;
If the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than T fc_min, the thermal management system controls the electrical heating device 9 to be in an off state.
According to actual situation, the values of DeltaT 1-DeltaT 6 can be referred to the following groups of values:
1、ΔT1=3℃，ΔT2=5℃，ΔT3=14℃，ΔT4=18℃，ΔT5=46℃，ΔT6=52℃。
2、ΔT1=6℃，ΔT2=7℃，ΔT3=17℃，ΔT4=23℃，ΔT5=50℃，ΔT6=56℃。
in specific operation, the corresponding temperature difference parameter in the embodiment 2 can be replaced.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A fuel cell automotive thermal management system, characterized by: the system comprises a power battery thermal management system and a pile thermal management system;
The electric pile heat management system comprises an intercooler (1), a pressure sensor (2), an electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (3), an electric pile (4), an electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5), an electric pile cooling liquid circulating pump (6), an electric pile cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (7), an electric pile radiator (8), an electric heating device (9), a deionizing device (10) and an electric pile cooling liquid expansion pot (11);
the power battery thermal management system comprises a power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle (12), a power battery cooling liquid circulating pump (13), a power battery cooling liquid circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (14), a power battery radiator (15), a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16), a power battery pack (17) and a power battery heating circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (18);
The intercooler (1) is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of compressed air entering the fuel cell stack (4), and a heat exchange medium of the intercooler is stack cooling liquid;
the pressure sensor (2) is used for detecting pile inlet pressure of cooling liquid of the pile;
the pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (3) is used for detecting pile inlet temperature of pile cooling liquid; the pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) is used for detecting pile outlet temperature of pile cooling liquid;
the electric pile (4) is a power generation place for directly converting chemical energy into direct-current electric energy, and can output electric energy according to load requirements and simultaneously generate heat;
the pile cooling liquid circulating pump (6) is used for controlling the flow of the fuel cell cooling liquid flowing through the pile (4);
the three-way electromagnetic valve (7) for circulating the electric pile cooling liquid is used for controlling the electric pile cooling liquid to flow through the electric pile radiator (8) for radiating or flow through the electric heating device (9) for rapidly heating the electric pile;
The electric pile radiator (8) is used for timely exchanging heat generated when the electric pile (4) outputs electric energy with the atmosphere;
the electric heating device (9) is used for heating the cooling liquid of the electric pile and the cooling liquid of the power battery;
The deionization device (10) is used for removing metal ions separated out from a pipeline and a bipolar plate which are contacted with the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile in the recycling process, so that the conductivity of the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile is reduced;
The pile cooling liquid expansion kettle (11) is used for storing pile cooling liquid, buffering the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the pile radiator (8) and removing gas generated in the circulation process of the pile cooling liquid;
the power battery cooling liquid expansion kettle (12) stores power battery cooling liquid, buffers the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the power battery radiator (15), and removes gas generated in the circulation process of the power battery cooling liquid;
the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump (13) is used for controlling the flow of the power battery cooling liquid flowing through the power battery pack (17);
the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) has the function that when the power battery pack (17) needs to be heated in a low-temperature environment, the power battery cooling liquid directly enters the power battery pack (17) after flowing through the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) and does not flow through the power battery radiator (15);
The power battery radiator (15) is used for controlling the cooling fan to act when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid of the power battery pack (17) exceeds the minimum threshold temperature of the cooling fan on the power battery radiator (15) in the process of charging or discharging the power battery pack (17), so as to ensure that the power battery cooling liquid enters the temperature required range of the power battery pack (17);
The power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid entering the power battery pack (17);
The power battery pack (17) is used for providing a high-voltage direct-current power supply for whole vehicle driving and outputting electric energy when the electric heating device (9) works in a low-temperature environment;
The power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (18) has the effects that when the power battery pack (17) needs to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows into the electric heating device (9) after passing through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (18) and circulates through the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump (13), and when the power battery pack (17) does not need to be heated, the power battery cooling liquid flows into the power battery cooling liquid circulating pump (13) directly after passing through the power battery heating and circulating three-way electromagnetic valve (18) for circulation;
The system also comprises a controller, wherein the controller takes the intercooler (1) and the electric pile (4) as management objects of the electric pile thermal management system; the pressure sensor (2), the temperature sensor (3) of the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile and the temperature sensor (5) of the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile are used as control inputs of a thermal management system of the electric pile; meanwhile, the power battery pack (17) is used as a thermal management object of the power battery thermal management system; taking a power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) as a control input of a power battery thermal management system;
the fuel cell automobile thermal management system has two working modes of a charging working condition and a discharging working condition;
Under the charging working condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than the first highest charging temperature T char_max1 of the power battery and the highest voltage U cell_max of the power battery unit is lower than the voltage U cell_1 of the power battery unit; or when the ambient temperature T envir is not higher than the second highest charging temperature T char_max2,Tchar_max2＜Tchar_max1 of the power battery and the U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device (9) starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (18) is connected with a heating circulation loop, and the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) is connected with cooling liquid to directly enter the loop of the power battery pack (17); when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +DeltaT1 and U cell_max is lower than U cell_1, or the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max2 +DeltaT2 and U cell_max is not lower than U cell_1, the electric power battery management system sends a closing instruction to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device (9) is closed, the three-way electromagnetic valve (18) for heating and circulating the power battery is closed, the heating and circulating loop is directly communicated with the cooling liquid circulating pump (13) of the power battery,
The three-way electromagnetic valve (14) for circulating the power battery cooling liquid is communicated with the cooling liquid and directly enters a loop of the power battery pack (17), when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the temperature sensor (16) for the cooling liquid inlet of the power battery or the average temperature of battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +delta T3, the three-way electromagnetic valve (14) for circulating the power battery cooling liquid is gradually adjusted in opening degree, and when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the temperature sensor (16) for the cooling liquid inlet of the power battery or the average temperature of battery cells detected by the power battery management system is not lower than T char_max1 +delta T4, the three-way electromagnetic valve (14) for circulating the power battery cooling liquid is fully opened and connected with the radiator (15) of the power battery, and cuts off the loop directly connected with the power battery pack (17); when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the average temperature of the battery cells detected by the power battery management system is lower than T char_max1 +delta T3, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator (15);
the delta T1 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 1-6 ℃, the delta T2 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 2-6 ℃, the delta T3 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 10-17 ℃, and the delta T4 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 15-23 ℃;
Under the discharging condition, when the ambient temperature T envir is not more than the lowest discharging temperature T mindisch_on of the power battery pack (17), the power battery management system sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device (9) starts to work, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (18) is connected with the heating circulation loop, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) is connected with cooling liquid directly into the power battery pack (17) loop, when the average temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not less than the lowest heating closing discharging temperature T mindisch_off, the power battery heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (18) cuts off the power battery cooling liquid heating circulation loop, the circulation loop which is directly connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation pump (13) is connected, meanwhile, if the average temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is not less than T mindisch_off +Delta5, the power battery cooling liquid circulation valve (14) is gradually adjusted according to the average temperature detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16), when the average temperature detected by the three-way electromagnetic valve (14) is not less than the lowest temperature detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16), the full-temperature sensor (14) is connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation loop which is connected with the power battery cooling liquid circulation pump (13) directly, and the power battery cooling circulation loop is connected with the power battery circulation loop is connected, and cutting off a circuit directly connected with the power battery pack (17); when the temperature of the power battery cooling liquid detected by the power battery cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (16) or the average temperature of the battery monomer detected by the power battery management system is lower than T mindisch_off plus delta T5, the power battery cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (14) closes a circulation loop connected with the power battery radiator (15);
the delta T5 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 42-50 ℃, and the delta T6 is a temperature difference parameter with the value range of 48-56 ℃.
2. The method of using a fuel cell automotive thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature self-starting temperature of the electric pile (4) is T fc_min, when the controller receives a starting instruction, if the ambient temperature T envir is lower than the lowest discharge temperature T mindisch_on of the power battery pack (17), the heat management system responds to a heating request sent by the power battery management system preferentially, and the heat management system controls the electric heating device (9) to enter a working mode, and the power battery carries out heat management according to the discharge working condition; the three-way electromagnetic valve (7) for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is communicated with a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device (9), so that the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is quickly raised until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (3) at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile is not lower than T fc_min, the electric pile (4) is started at low temperature, the opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve (7) for cooling liquid circulation of the electric pile is gradually regulated after the low-temperature start is successful, and part of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell continuously flows through the electric heating device (9) for heating circulation and part of the cooling liquid flows through the radiator (8) of the electric pile; when the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) reaches a starting temperature threshold value of a cooling fan of the electric pile radiator (8), the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (7) closes a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device (9), meanwhile, the cooling fan is started, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) and the temperature difference value and the target control difference value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) and the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (3).
3. The method of using a fuel cell automotive thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: if the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than the lowest heating closing discharge temperature T mindisch_off but is lower than the low-temperature self-starting temperature T fc_min of the electric pile (4), the fuel cell system controller sends a heating request to the thermal management system controller, the electric heating device (9) starts to work, meanwhile, the power cell heating circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (18) keeps a circulation loop directly connected with the power cell cooling liquid circulation pump (13) to be connected, the power cell cooling liquid heating circulation loop is cut off, the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is connected with the circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device (9) to enable the fuel cell cooling liquid to be quickly heated until the temperature detected by the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (3) is not lower than T fc_min, the opening of the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is gradually adjusted after the low-temperature start is successful, part of the fuel cell cooling liquid continues to flow through the electric heating device (9) to be heated and circulated, and part of the fuel cell cooling liquid continues to flow through the electric pile radiator (8); when the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) reaches a starting temperature threshold value of a cooling fan of the electric pile radiator (8), the electric pile cooling liquid circulation three-way electromagnetic valve (7) closes a circulation loop directly connected with the electric heating device (9), meanwhile, the cooling fan is started, and the cooling fan adjusts the rotating speed in real time according to the temperature value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) and the temperature difference value and the target control difference value detected by the electric pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (5) and the electric pile cooling liquid inlet temperature sensor (3).
4. The method of using a fuel cell automotive thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: if the ambient temperature T envir is not lower than the low-temperature self-starting temperature T fc_min of the electric pile (4), the thermal management system controls the electric heating device (9) to be in a closed state.
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| CN210852114U (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-06-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN111439167A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Multi-environment comprehensive heat management method for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113135081A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-20 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system, method and device for automobile |
| CN113733855A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-03 | 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 | Low-temperature quick starting system and control method for electric vehicle battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN210852114U (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-06-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN111439167A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Multi-environment comprehensive heat management method for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113135081A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-20 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system, method and device for automobile |
| CN113733855A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-03 | 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 | Low-temperature quick starting system and control method for electric vehicle battery |
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