CN116254387A - Smelting method for producing steel for cord from pure scrap steel of electric furnace - Google Patents
Smelting method for producing steel for cord from pure scrap steel of electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN116254387A CN116254387A CN202310236775.8A CN202310236775A CN116254387A CN 116254387 A CN116254387 A CN 116254387A CN 202310236775 A CN202310236775 A CN 202310236775A CN 116254387 A CN116254387 A CN 116254387A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009842 primary steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 aluminum-silicon iron Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
Compared with the traditional blast furnace-converter (or electric furnace) -LF refining-continuous casting process, the smelting method for producing the steel for the cord by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel adopts an aluminum-free deoxidizing process and a low-alkalinity slag desulfurizing process, combines a specific deoxidizing agent and the like, effectively controls the residual elements, nonmetallic inclusions and center segregation on materials in the steel, has economy, can realize batch production and can meet the use requirements of downstream industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a smelting method of steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel of an electric furnace.
Background
The cord steel is a quality hard wire steel, and is the steel with highest strength in commercial steel. The requirements of the steel cord on chemical components, nonmetallic inclusion content, morphology, metallographic structure and the like are extremely strict due to the requirements on the working conditions and safety performance of the steel cord, the steel wire with the diameter of 0.15-0.38 mm can be drawn, and the number of wire breakage times of the steel wire with the diameter of 2000km can not exceed 1. Therefore, the cord steel has very strict standards, the cord steel is required to have uniform chemical composition, small fluctuation of C, si and Mn, strict limitation on P, S and other residual elements, and plasticity of nonmetallic inclusion, al 2 O 3 And brittle inclusions such as calcium aluminate are strictly limited, and the surface of the steel cast for a cord is not allowed to have pores, scabs, inclusions and cracks with a depth of more than 0.30mm, and the inside is not allowed to have shrinkage cavities of 1.0 or more and cracks with a length of more than 10 mm.
The steel for domestic cords is basically dependent on import from the 20 th century, the reputation of 'bright bead on crown' of the steel industry exists at the moment, but with the rapid development of the domestic smelting technology, the continuous development of the baby steel, the green steel and the like is successful in the beginning of the century, the localization is gradually realized, the technology is mature day by day, and at present, the main enterprises of the production of the steel for domestic cords comprise Baozhen, green steel, xingjingji steel, middle-day and sand steel, and the smelting process flow is as follows: blast furnace- & gt converter (or electric furnace- & gt LF refining- & gt continuous casting.
The biggest problem of producing steel for the cord wire from the short-flow pure scrap steel of the electric furnace is that the control difficulty of residual elements such as Cr, ni, cu, as, sn and the like is high due to the complex raw material history. Secondly, the steel is usually 20-30 ppm in N content by adopting a blast furnace, a converter (or an electric furnace), LF refining and continuous casting process, and the high N content in the steel can seriously influence wire drawing and stranding performance and even cause fracture due to arc nitrogen absorption during the production of the pure scrap steel by the electric furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description summary and in the title of the application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the description summary and the title of the invention, which should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or problems existing in the production of steel for cords from pure scrap steel.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a smelting method for producing steel for a cord by using pure scrap steel of an electric furnace, which adopts an aluminum-free deoxidizing process and a low-alkalinity slag desulfurizing process, combines a specific deoxidizing agent and the like, effectively controls the center segregation of residual elements, nonmetallic inclusions and materials in the steel, has economy, can realize batch production, and can meet the use requirements of downstream industries.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
a smelting method of steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel of an electric furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1, sorting scrap steel
Sorting the scrap steel, classifying the scrap steel into high-quality scrap steel and common scrap steel, and stacking the scrap steel and the common scrap steel respectively;
s2, primary refining in an electric furnace
Smelting 60-70% of high-quality scrap steel, 15-25% of common scrap steel and 10-20% of blast furnace pig iron which are sorted in the step S1 in an electric arc furnace for 44-48 min at 1550-1650 ℃ according to mass percent, adding 35-40 kg/t of active lime, adopting a bottom argon blowing process, controlling the flow of bottom argon blowing to be 10-50NL/min, and placing steel after primary smelting;
s3, deoxidizing and alloying
During steel placement, adding 0.20-0.25 kg/t of 85% SiC into the steel ladle; adding 2-3 Kg/t of active lime and 5Kg/t of ferrosilicon; 1Kg/t of low aluminum ferrosilicon; adding 5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant, and blowing argon while placing steel in the ladle;
s4, LF refining
Transporting the primary steelmaking water obtained in the step S3 into an LF refining furnace, adding 4-5 kg/t of active lime and 0.5-0.8 kg/t of refining slag; adding 0.8-1.0 Kg/t of 85% SiC, and adding 0.2-0.8 Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant; adding 1.3-1.6 Kg/t of ferrosilicon and 0.8-1.0 Kg/t of low-aluminum ferrosilicon, wherein LF refining time is 40-50 min, ar gas flow is larger in the earlier stage of smelting, and the later stage of smelting is reduced;
s5, argon blowing
Hoisting refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to an argon blowing station, wherein the soft blowing flow is controlled to be 25-40 Nl/min, and the soft blowing time is 15-20 min;
s6, continuous casting
And (3) sedating the molten steel treated in the step (S5), and casting at the casting temperature of 1490-1510 ℃ to obtain the casting blank.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing the steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, in the step S1, the contents of Cr, ni and Cu in the high-quality scrap steel are less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the contents of As and Sn are less than or equal to 0.004 percent.
As a preferable mode of the smelting method for producing steel for a cord wire from pure scrap steel of an electric furnace, in the step S2, the contents of Cr, ni and Cu in the pig iron of the blast furnace are less than or equal to 0.02%, and the contents of As and Sn are less than or equal to 0.002%.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, the invention is characterized in that ferrosilicon is FeMn62Si17, and the content is as follows: 62% manganese, 17% silicon, less than 5% other impurities and balance iron.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, the invention is characterized in that the low-aluminum ferrosilicon is FeSi75, and the content is as follows: 75% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, less than 5% other impurities, and balance iron.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method of the steel for the electric furnace pure scrap steel production cord, in the step S6, the obtained molten steel is hung on a continuous casting rotary table to be calked for 8-12min, wherein the calking time is a period from LF refining to pouring.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, in the step S6, the normal drawing speed of the casting blank with the section of 150 multiplied by 150mm is 2.3-2.5 m/min.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing the steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, in the step S6, the whole casting process is protected, the large ladle long nozzle adopts an argon seal, and a crystallizer and the tail end are adopted for electromagnetic stirring.
As a preferable scheme of the smelting method for producing the steel for the cord wire by using the electric furnace pure scrap steel, in the step S4, ar gas flow in the early stage of smelting is 450-550L/min, and Ar gas flow in the middle and later stages is 150-200L/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the content of Cr, ni, cu, as, sn residual elements and N in steel is controlled by the technical means of scrap steel sorting, reasonably configuring scrap steel proportion, electric furnace bottom argon blowing and the like; meanwhile, an aluminum-free deoxidizing process and a low-alkalinity slag desulfurizing process are adopted, and the size, the number, the distribution and the like of inclusions in steel are strictly controlled by combining a specific deoxidizing agent and the like, so that the inclusions are distributed in a fine and dispersed state, and the drawing, stranding and the like in the subsequent processing of customers are facilitated; the method has the advantages that the type of lime for the electric furnace is reasonably selected, the alkalinity of slag is controlled, the operation process of steel and slag remaining is utilized, the defect that slag is easy to fall off when steel is smelted and tapped by a converter is overcome, the P content in steel can be controlled below 0.010%, and the quality requirement of downstream steel cord manufacturing industry can be completely met.
2. The method has the advantages that the type of lime for the electric furnace is reasonably selected, the alkalinity of slag is controlled, the operation processes of steel retention and slag retention are utilized, slag discharging in the tapping process is avoided, the defect that slag is easy to discharge in the tapping process of converter smelting is overcome, the P content in steel can be controlled below 0.010%, and the plasticity and toughness of wire rods for the cord are improved, so that the process requirements of customers are better met.
3. Al and Ti contents in steel are controlled by adopting an aluminum-free deoxidizing process, so that Al in molten steel is reduced 2 O 3 The sources of refractory impurities difficult to float upwards can obtain low-melting-point plastic impurities, so that brittle harmful impurities are prevented from being formed in wire rods for cords, the sizes, the numbers, the distribution and the like of the impurities in steel are strictly controlled, the impurities are distributed in a fine and dispersed state, and the shapes of the impurities are beneficial to drawing, stranding and the like in the subsequent processing of customers; meanwhile, the size of the inclusions can be basically controlled below 5 mu m, and the wiredrawing performance of the cord steel can be greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a smelting method of producing steel for a cord from pure scrap steel in an electric furnace.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to general scale for the convenience of description, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a smelting method for producing steel for a cord wire by using pure scrap steel of an electric furnace, which adopts an aluminum-free deoxidizing process and a desulfurization process of low-alkalinity furnace slag, combines a specific deoxidizer and the like, effectively controls the center segregation of residual elements, nonmetallic inclusions and materials in the steel, has economy, can realize batch production, and can meet the use requirements of downstream industries.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for smelting steel for producing cords from pure scrap in an electric furnace according to the present invention, and the method for smelting steel for producing cords from pure scrap in an electric furnace is described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.
Example 1
S1, sorting scrap steel
Sorting when the steel scraps enter a factory, if necessary, carrying out component analysis, classifying into two types of high-quality steel scraps and common steel scraps, and stacking the steel scraps respectively, wherein the content of Cr, ni and Cu in the high-quality steel scraps is less than or equal to 0.04%, and the content of As and Sn is less than or equal to 0.004%.
S2, primary refining in an electric furnace
Smelting 65% of high-quality scrap steel, 25% of common scrap steel and 10% of blast furnace pig iron which are sorted in the step S1 by mass percent for 85t in total at 1550-1650 ℃ in an electric arc furnace for 45min, adding 39kg/t of active lime at the same time, adopting a bottom argon blowing process, controlling the flow of the bottom argon blowing to be 10-50NL/min, placing steel after primary smelting, placing steel at 1602 ℃, and controlling the carbon content of an endpoint to be 0.12% and P to be 0.003%, wherein the Cr, ni and Cu content in the blast furnace pig iron is less than or equal to 0.02% and the As and Sn content is less than or equal to 0.002%;
s3, deoxidizing and alloying
During steel placement, adding 0.20kg/t of 85% SiC into a ladle; adding 3Kg/t of active lime, and adding 5Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, containing 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron); low aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, 75% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, less than 5% other impurities and balance iron) 1Kg/t; adding 5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant to obtain 79t of primary steelmaking water, and blowing argon while placing steel in the ladle;
s4, LF refining
Transporting the primary steelmaking water obtained in the step S3 into an LF refining furnace, adding 4kg/t of active lime and 0.6kg/t of refining slag; adding 0.9Kg/t of 85% SiC, and adding 0.8Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant; 1.6Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, including 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron) and 1.0Kg/t of low-aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, including 75% of silicon, less than 0.5% of aluminum, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron) are added, LF refining time is 42min, ar gas flow in the earlier smelting stage is 450/min, and Ar gas flow in the middle and later stages is 150L/min;
s5, argon blowing
Hoisting refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to an argon blowing station, controlling the soft blowing flow to be 40Nl/min, and controlling the soft blowing time to be 18min, wherein the argon blowing ending temperature is 1541 ℃;
s6, continuous casting
And (3) hanging the molten steel obtained in the step (S5) on a continuous casting rotary table for tranquillization, wherein the tranquillization time (the time from LF refining to casting) is 10min, casting is carried out at the casting temperature of 1495 ℃, the section of a continuous casting billet is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the fixed length is 12m, the billet drawing speed is 2.4m/min, the casting billet is obtained, the whole casting process is protected, the long ladle nozzle is sealed by argon, and the crystallizer and the tail end are adopted for electromagnetic stirring.
Example 2
S1, sorting scrap steel
Sorting when the steel scraps enter a factory, if necessary, carrying out component analysis, classifying into two types of high-quality steel scraps and common steel scraps, and stacking the steel scraps respectively, wherein the content of Cr, ni and Cu in the high-quality steel scraps is less than or equal to 0.04%, and the content of As and Sn is less than or equal to 0.004%.
S2, primary refining in an electric furnace
Smelting 64% high-quality scrap steel, 24% common scrap steel and 12% blast furnace pig iron which are sorted in the step S1 for 83t in total at 1550-1650 ℃ in an electric arc furnace, adding 37kg/t of active lime at the same time, adopting a bottom argon blowing process, controlling the flow of the bottom argon blowing to be 10-50NL/min, placing steel after primary smelting, placing steel at 1611 ℃, and controlling the final carbon content to be 0.15% and P0.006%, wherein the Cr, ni and Cu content in the blast furnace pig iron is less than or equal to 0.02% and the As and Sn content is less than or equal to 0.002%;
s3, deoxidizing and alloying
During steel placement, adding 0.3kg/t of 85% SiC into a ladle; adding 3Kg/t of active lime, and adding 5Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, containing 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron); low aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, 75% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, less than 5% other impurities and balance iron) 1Kg/t; adding 5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant to obtain 78t of primary steelmaking water, and blowing argon while placing steel in the ladle;
s4, LF refining
Transporting the primary steelmaking water obtained in the step S3 into an LF refining furnace, adding 4.5kg/t of active lime and 0.7kg/t of refining slag; adding 0.9Kg/t of 85% SiC, and adding 0.5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant; then adding 1.5Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, including 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron) and 0.8Kg/t of low-aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, including 75% of silicon, less than 0.5% of aluminum, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron), wherein LF refining time is 45min, ar gas flow in the earlier smelting stage is 500/min, and Ar gas flow in the middle and later stages is 180L/min;
s5, argon blowing
Hoisting refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to an argon blowing station, controlling the soft blowing flow to be 35Nl/min, controlling the soft blowing time to be 17min, and controlling the argon blowing ending temperature to be 1540 ℃;
s6, continuous casting
And (3) hanging the molten steel obtained in the step (S5) on a continuous casting rotary table for tranquillization, wherein the tranquillization time (the time from LF refining to casting) is 8min, casting is carried out at the casting temperature of 1493 ℃, the section of a continuous casting billet is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the fixed length is 12m, the billet drawing speed is 2.4m/min, the casting billet is obtained, the whole casting process is protected, the long ladle nozzle is sealed by argon, and the crystallizer and the tail end are adopted for electromagnetic stirring.
Example 3
S1, sorting scrap steel
Sorting when the steel scraps enter a factory, if necessary, carrying out component analysis, classifying into two types of high-quality steel scraps and common steel scraps, and stacking the steel scraps respectively, wherein the content of Cr, ni and Cu in the high-quality steel scraps is less than or equal to 0.04%, and the content of As and Sn is less than or equal to 0.004%.
S2, primary refining in an electric furnace
Smelting 64% of high-quality scrap steel, 26% of common scrap steel and 10% of blast furnace pig iron which are sorted in the step S1 for 82t in total at 1550-1650 ℃ in an electric arc furnace, adding 35kg/t of active lime at the same time, adopting a bottom argon blowing process, controlling the flow of the bottom argon blowing to be 10-50NL/min, placing steel after primary smelting, placing steel at 1622 ℃, and keeping the end point carbon at 0.19% and P at 0.005%, wherein the contents of Cr, ni and Cu in the blast furnace pig iron are less than or equal to 0.02%, and the contents of As and Sn are less than or equal to 0.002%;
s3, deoxidizing and alloying
During steel placement, adding 0.2kg/t of 85% SiC into a ladle; adding 3Kg/t of active lime, and adding 5Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, containing 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron); low aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, 75% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, less than 5% other impurities and balance iron) 1Kg/t; adding 5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant to obtain 76t of primary steelmaking water, and blowing argon while placing steel in the ladle;
s4, LF refining
Transporting the primary steelmaking water obtained in the step S3 into an LF refining furnace, adding 4kg/t of active lime and 0.6kg/t of refining slag; adding 0.8Kg/t of 85% SiC, and adding 0.2Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant; 1.3Kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeMn 62Si17, including 62% of manganese, 17% of silicon, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron) and 0.9Kg/t of low-aluminum ferrosilicon (FeSi 75, including 75% of silicon, less than 0.5% of aluminum, less than 5% of other impurities and the balance of iron) are added, LF refining time is 43min, ar gas flow in the earlier smelting stage is 550/min, and Ar gas flow in the middle and later stages is 200L/min;
s5, argon blowing
Hoisting refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to an argon blowing station, controlling the soft blowing flow to 25Nl/min, and controlling the soft blowing time to 20min and the argon blowing ending temperature to 1543 ℃;
s6, continuous casting
And (3) hanging the molten steel obtained in the step (S5) on a continuous casting rotary table for tranquillization, wherein the tranquillization time (the time from LF refining to casting) is 8min, casting is carried out at the casting temperature of 1493 ℃, the section of a continuous casting billet is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the fixed length is 12m, the billet drawing speed is 2.4m/min, the casting billet is obtained, the whole casting process is protected, the long ladle nozzle is sealed by argon, and the crystallizer and the tail end are adopted for electromagnetic stirring.
The casting blanks of the example 1, the example 2 and the example 3 are rolled into phi 5.5mm wire rods by a Morgan high-speed torsion-free controlled-cooling wire rod rolling machine, and the content of each element is detected by a direct-reading spectrometer and an oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen combined instrument, and the results are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
The mechanical property index of the wire rod is detected by a universal tester, and specifically comprises the tensile strength Rm and the reduction of area Z values shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
And the metallographic microscope was used to conduct the grading of nonmetallic inclusion and center segregation and to measure the maximum size of nonmetallic inclusion of titanium nitride in the longitudinal, transverse and directions, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
The results show that the wire rods produced in examples 1, 2 and 3 all have the chemical composition, mechanical properties, nonmetallic inclusions and center segregation reaching the technical requirements of steel for cords.
The wire rods produced in examples 1, 2 and 3 are tested by cord manufacturers, and the physicochemical properties, technological properties, fatigue properties, adhesion and wire breakage rate of the finished cord meet the requirements of industry standards, and part of indexes are superior to those of similar products produced by the processes of blast furnace, converter (or electric furnace), LF refining and continuous casting.
Although the invention has been described hereinabove with reference to embodiments, various modifications thereof may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict, and the exhaustive description of these combinations is not given in this specification merely for the sake of omitting the descriptions and saving resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A smelting method of steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel of an electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, sorting scrap steel
Sorting the scrap steel, classifying the scrap steel into high-quality scrap steel and common scrap steel, and stacking the scrap steel and the common scrap steel respectively;
s2, primary refining in an electric furnace
Smelting 60-70% of high-quality scrap steel, 15-25% of common scrap steel and 10-20% of blast furnace pig iron which are sorted in the step S1 in an electric arc furnace for 44-48 min at 1550-1650 ℃ according to mass percent, adding 35-40 kg/t of active lime, adopting a bottom argon blowing process, controlling the flow of bottom argon blowing to be 10-50NL/min, and placing steel after primary smelting;
s3, deoxidizing and alloying
During steel placement, adding 0.20-0.25 kg/t of 85% SiC into the steel ladle; adding 2-3 Kg/t of active lime and 5Kg/t of ferrosilicon; 1Kg/t of low aluminum ferrosilicon; adding 5Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant, and blowing argon while placing steel in the ladle;
s4, LF refining
Transporting the primary steelmaking water obtained in the step S3 into an LF refining furnace, adding 4-5 kg/t of active lime and 0.5-0.8 kg/t of refining slag; adding 0.8-1.0 Kg/t of 85% SiC, and adding 0.2-0.8 Kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant; adding 1.3-1.6 Kg/t of ferrosilicon and 0.8-1.0 Kg/t of low-aluminum ferrosilicon, wherein LF refining time is 40-50 min, ar gas flow is larger in the earlier stage of smelting, and the later stage of smelting is reduced;
s5, argon blowing
Hoisting refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to an argon blowing station, wherein the soft blowing flow is controlled to be 25-40 Nl/min, and the soft blowing time is 15-20 min;
s6, continuous casting
And (3) sedating the molten steel treated in the step (S5), and casting at the casting temperature of 1490-1510 ℃ to obtain the casting blank.
2. The method for producing steel for a cord by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein the content of Cr, ni, cu in the high-quality scrap steel is less than or equal to 0.04%, and the content of As, sn is less than or equal to 0.004% in the step S1.
3. The method for producing steel for a cord from pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in said step S2, the contents of Cr, ni, cu in the pig iron of the blast furnace are 0.02% or less and the contents of As, sn are 0.002% or less.
4. The method for smelting steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein the ferrosilicon is FeMn62Si17 and has the following content: 62% manganese, 17% silicon, less than 5% other impurities and balance iron.
5. The method for smelting steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein the low aluminum-silicon iron is FeSi75 and has the following content: 75% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, less than 5% other impurities, and balance iron.
6. The method for producing steel for a cord by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the obtained molten steel is suspended on a continuous casting turret to be calked for 8-12min, wherein the calking time is a period from after LF refining to the start of casting.
7. The method for producing steel for a cord by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, a normal drawing speed of a cast slab having a cross section of 150 x 150mm is 2.3 to 2.5m/min.
8. The method for smelting steel for producing cords by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the whole casting process is protected, the long ladle nozzle is sealed by argon, and a crystallizer and a terminal electromagnetic stirrer are adopted.
9. The method for producing steel for a cord by using pure scrap steel in an electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the flow rate of Ar gas in the early stage of the smelting is 450 to 550L/min, and the flow rate of Ar gas in the middle and later stages is 150 to 200L/min.
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