CN116254038A - Bionic super-slip coating with double-layer structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bionic super-slip coating with double-layer structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof, relating to the field of functional surface manufacturing, and comprising the following steps: pretreating the base material to remove oil stains on the surface; mixing silicon dioxide powder, ethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol and a solution for ball milling, and sequentially adding resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating A; rolling the coating A on the pretreated substrate to obtain a three-dimensional porous oil reservoir; mixing alpha-cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder and a solvent for ball milling, and sequentially adding a low-surface-energy modifier, resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating B; spraying the coating B on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer to obtain a lamellar super-slip layer; brushing dimethyl silicone oil on the surface of the lamellar super-slip layer to obtain a bionic super-slip coating; by adopting the scheme, the durability of the ultra-smooth coating is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of functional surface manufacturing, in particular to a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the fields of machinery, marine equipment, aerospace and the like, a series of problems of corrosion, bioadhesion, icing and the like of parts seriously affect the service quality of the parts, and cause energy waste and resource loss. For example, in strong windy and sandy, hazy weather, high voltage insulators are prone to strong discharge due to accumulation of stains; organisms such as barnacles, mussels and the like adhere to the surface of the ship, so that the sailing resistance can be increased; in high altitude environments, icing on the surface of the wing will cause changes in the shape of the wing, insufficient lift, increased drag, and even increased risk of crashing. Therefore, the functions of corrosion resistance, bioadhesion resistance, icing resistance and the like of the surface of the part are endowed, and the method has important significance for improving the service quality of equipment, saving energy and reducing emission.
The liquid injection porous super-smooth surface inspired by nepenthes has excellent functions of corrosion resistance, self cleaning, adhesion resistance and the like due to good liquid repellency, and provides a good solution for the problems. However, the ultra-smooth surface has some drawbacks, such as a drastic drop in liquid repellency performance due to the loss of injected liquid in the face of high-speed shearing, water impact, severely limiting its practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof so as to improve the durability of the super-slip coating.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure comprises a three-dimensional porous oil storage layer as a bottom layer and a lamellar super-slip layer as a top layer;
a plurality of three-dimensional micron through holes are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, and a plurality of nanometer small holes are distributed on the side wall of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer;
the lamellar super-slip layer has a compact lamellar structure and contains an oleophilic component.
Compared with the prior art, the ultra-smooth surface has some defects, for example, when the ultra-smooth surface is subjected to high-speed shearing and water flow impact, the liquid repellency of the ultra-smooth surface is rapidly reduced due to the loss of injected liquid, and the practical application of the ultra-smooth surface is seriously limited.
In the specific scheme, the super-slip coating takes a three-dimensional porous oil storage layer as a bottom layer and a lamellar super-slip layer as a top layer; wherein, three-dimensional micron through holes are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous oil reservoir, nanometer small holes are distributed on the wall of the hole, and the three-dimensional porous oil reservoir has strong oil storage and weak oil holding capacity; the lamellar super-smooth layer has compact structure and oleophilic chemical components and has strong oil-retaining capacity. Due to the strong oil holding capacity of the flaky super-smooth layer, the flaky super-smooth layer has good stability when being subjected to high-speed shearing and water flow impact; even if the silicone oil of the flaky super-slip layer is lost, the silicone oil can be supplemented through the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, so that the super-slip performance of the coating is ensured, and the durability of the super-slip coating is improved; in the scheme, the coating is expected to solve the problems of pollution flashover, ship biological adhesion, high altitude icing of an aircraft and the like of the high-voltage insulator, and has the advantages of economy, practicality, safety, environmental protection, long service life and the like.
Further preferably, the three-dimensional porous reservoir comprises the following components: silica powder, ethylcellulose, resin, curing agent, polyvinyl alcohol, solvent and dimethyl silicone oil; the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide powder to the ethylcellulose to the polyethylene glycol to the resin to the curing agent to the solvent is 1.2-1.5: 1-2: 2 to 4:1:0.6 to 1: 32-40.
Further preferably, the lamellar super-slip layer comprises the following components: alpha-cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder, ethylcellulose, resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier, solvent and simethicone; the mass ratio of the alpha-cellulose to the hydrophobic fumed silica powder to the ethyl cellulose to the resin to the curing agent to the low surface energy modifier to the solvent is 1.5-1.7: 0.3 to 0.5:0 to 1:0.8 to 1:0.5 to 0.6:0.72 to 1.35: 24-28.
The preparation method of the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreating the base material to remove oil stains on the surface;
s2: mixing silicon dioxide powder, ethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol and a solution for ball milling, and sequentially adding resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating A;
s3: rolling the coating A on the pretreated substrate to obtain a three-dimensional porous oil reservoir;
s4: mixing alpha-cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder and a solvent for ball milling, and sequentially adding a low-surface-energy modifier, resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating B;
s5: spraying the coating B on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer to obtain a lamellar super-slip layer;
s6: and brushing dimethyl silicone oil on the surface of the lamellar super-slip layer to obtain the bionic super-slip coating.
Further preferably, the step S1 includes the following specific steps:
and (3) ultrasonically cleaning the substrate by using absolute ethyl alcohol so as to remove oil stains on the surface, and drying the substrate in an air environment for later use.
Further preferably, the step S2 includes the following specific steps:
s21: according to the mass ratio of 1.2-1.5: 1-2: 2 to 4:1:0.6 to 1: weighing silicon dioxide powder, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, resin, curing agent and solvent 32-40;
s22: and (3) putting the weighed silicon dioxide powder, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol and solvent into a stainless steel ball grinding tank for ball milling, adding resin after ball milling for a certain time, continuing ball milling for a certain time, adding a curing agent, and ball milling again for a certain time to obtain the coating A.
Further preferably, the step S3 includes the following specific steps:
s31: according to the mass ratio of 1.5-1.7: 0.3 to 0.5:0 to 1:0.8 to 1:0.5 to 0.6:0.72 to 1.35: 24-28, weighing alpha-cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder, ethyl cellulose, resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier and solvent;
s32: and (3) putting the weighed alpha-cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder and a solvent into a stainless steel ball milling tank for ball milling, adding a low surface energy modifier after ball milling for a certain time, adding resin after continuing ball milling for a certain time, adding a curing agent after ball milling for a certain time again, and finally ball milling for a certain time to obtain the coating B.
In a further optimization step, before the paint B is sprayed on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, sand paper is used for polishing the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer.
Further optimizing, the particle size of the hydrophobic fumed silica powder is 3-7 nm, and the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil is 50-500 cst.
Further preferably, the resin is epoxy resin, and the solution is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure and the preparation method thereof, when ethyl cellulose is not added, the flaky super-slip coating has a relatively large oil storage space, and still has good super-slip performance (sliding angle is less than 10 degrees) after being placed for more than 180 days in an air environment in cooperation with the oil storage effect of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer.
2. According to the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure and the preparation method thereof, after ethyl cellulose is added into the super-slip coating, the super-slip coating has strong oil holding capacity, and still has good super-slip performance (slip angle is less than 15 degrees) under a high shear environment (8000 r/min) in cooperation with the oil storage effect of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer.
3. According to the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure and the preparation method thereof, after ethyl cellulose is added into the super-slip coating, the super-slip coating has strong oil holding capacity, is matched with the oil storage effect of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, and still has good super-slip performance (sliding angle is less than 15 degrees) after being washed by high-pressure water flow for 24 hours.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the examples will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for manufacturing a bionic super-slip coating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the surface structure of a biomimetic ultra-slip coating according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an SEM image of a cross-sectional structure of a biomimetic ultra-slip coating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 provides a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure, which comprises a three-dimensional porous oil storage layer as a bottom layer and a lamellar super-slip layer as a top layer;
a plurality of three-dimensional micron through holes are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, and a plurality of nanometer small holes are distributed on the side wall of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer;
the lamellar super-slip layer has a compact lamellar structure and contains an oleophilic component.
Compared with the prior art, the ultra-smooth surface has some defects, for example, when the ultra-smooth surface is subjected to high-speed shearing and water flow impact, the liquid repellency of the ultra-smooth surface is rapidly reduced due to the loss of injected liquid, and the practical application of the ultra-smooth surface is seriously limited.
In the specific scheme, the super-slip coating takes a three-dimensional porous oil storage layer as a bottom layer and a lamellar super-slip layer as a top layer; wherein, three-dimensional micron through holes are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous oil reservoir, nanometer small holes are distributed on the wall of the hole, and the three-dimensional porous oil reservoir has strong oil storage and weak oil holding capacity; the lamellar super-smooth layer has compact structure and oleophilic chemical components and has strong oil-retaining capacity. Due to the strong oil holding capacity of the flaky super-smooth layer, the flaky super-smooth layer has good stability when being subjected to high-speed shearing and water flow impact; even if the silicone oil of the flaky super-slip layer is lost, the silicone oil can be supplemented through the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, so that the super-slip performance of the coating is ensured, and the durability of the super-slip coating is improved; in the scheme, the coating is expected to solve the problems of pollution flashover, ship biological adhesion, high altitude icing of an aircraft and the like of the high-voltage insulator, and has the advantages of economy, practicality, safety, environmental protection, long service life and the like.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 provides a bionic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Pretreatment of a matrix: ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on base materials such as steel/aluminum alloy/copper/ceramic and the like by using absolute ethyl alcohol so as to remove oil stains on the surface, and the base materials are placed in an air environment for drying for standby;
2) Preparation of a three-dimensional porous oil reservoir:
a. according to the mass ratio of 1.2-1.5: 1-2: 2 to 4:1:0.6 to 1: weighing silicon dioxide powder with the particle size of 200nm, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol 6000 particles, resin, curing agent and solvent by 32-40; the resin is epoxy resin, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol;
b. c, putting the silicon dioxide powder, the ethyl cellulose, the polyethylene glycol 6000 particles and the solvent in the step a into a stainless steel ball milling tank for ball milling, adding resin after ball milling for 4-8 h, continuing ball milling for 1h, adding a curing agent, and continuing ball milling for 1h to obtain a coating A;
c. c, rolling the coating A obtained in the step b on the pretreated substrate, and standing at normal temperature until the coating A is completely solidified;
3) Preparing a sheet-shaped super-slip layer:
a. according to the mass ratio of 1.5-1.7: 0.3 to 0.5:0 to 1:0.8 to 1:0.5 to 0.6:0.72 to 1.35: 24-28, weighing alpha-cellulose with the length of 25 mu m, hydrophobic fumed silica powder with the particle size of 3-7 nm, ethylcellulose, resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier and solvent; the resin is epoxy resin, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol;
b. c, putting the alpha-cellulose, the ethyl cellulose, the hydrophobic fumed silica powder and the solvent which are weighed in the step a into a stainless steel ball milling tank for ball milling for 30min, adding a low surface energy modifier, continuing ball milling for 3-6 h, adding resin, continuing ball milling for 1h, adding a curing agent, and continuing ball milling for 1h to obtain a coating B;
c. c, polishing the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer by using sand paper, uniformly spraying the coating B obtained in the step B on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer by using a spray gun, and standing at normal temperature until the coating B is completely solidified; the diameter of the nozzle of the spray gun is 1.1-1.5 mm, the spraying air pressure is 0.3-0.6 mpa, and the spraying distance is 10-30 cm;
4) And brushing the dimethyl silicone oil with the viscosity of 50-500 cst on the surface of the coating after the coating is completely cured, and brushing for the second time after standing for 2 hours to obtain the bionic super-smooth coating with a double-layer structure.
Example 3:
the embodiment 3 is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment 2, and the construction of the ceramic surface bionic super-slip coating is provided;
as shown in FIG. 1, the construction of the biomimetic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure is performed according to the following steps.
1) Pretreatment of a matrix: ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the ceramic substrate by using absolute ethyl alcohol to remove oil stains on the surface, and the ceramic substrate is placed in an air environment for drying for standby;
2) Preparation of a three-dimensional porous oil reservoir:
a. according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1:4:1:0.6:32 weighing silicon dioxide powder with the particle size of 200nm, ethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol 6000 particles, epoxy resin, curing agent and absolute ethyl alcohol;
b. c, putting the silicon dioxide powder, the ethyl cellulose, the polyethylene glycol 6000 particles and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step a into a stainless steel ball grinding tank for ball milling, adding resin after ball milling for 4-8 h, continuing ball milling for 1h, adding a curing agent, and continuing ball milling for 1h;
c. c, rolling the coating obtained in the step b on the pretreated substrate, and standing at normal temperature until the coating is completely solidified;
3) Preparing a sheet-shaped super-slip layer:
a. according to the mass ratio of 1.7:0.3:0:0.8:0.5:0.72:24, weighing alpha-cellulose with the length of 25 mu m, hydrophobic fumed silica powder with the particle size of 3-7 nm, ethylcellulose, epoxy resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier and absolute ethyl alcohol;
b. c, putting the alpha-cellulose, the hydrophobic fumed silica powder, the ethyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol which are weighed in the step a into a stainless steel ball grinding tank for ball milling for 30min, adding a low surface energy modifier, continuously ball milling for 3-6 h, adding resin, continuously ball milling for 1h, adding a curing agent, and continuously ball milling for 1h;
c. c, polishing the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer by using sand paper, uniformly spraying the coating obtained in the step b on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer by using a spray gun, and standing at normal temperature until the coating is completely solidified; the diameter of the nozzle of the spray gun is 1.5mm, the spraying air pressure is 0.3mpa, and the spraying distance is 20cm;
4) And after the coating is completely cured, brushing the dimethyl silicone oil with the viscosity of 50cst on the surface of the coating, and brushing for the second time after standing for 2 hours to obtain the bionic super-smooth coating with a double-layer structure. The sliding angle of the coating prepared by the steps is smaller than 2 degrees in the initial state; placing in the air for more than 180 days, wherein the sliding angle is still smaller than 10 degrees; after 30min of high-speed shearing (4000 r/min), the oil loss rate is 16%, and the sliding angle is still smaller than 10 degrees.
Example 4:
in the embodiment 4, the construction of the bionic super-slip coating on the steel surface is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment 2;
this example differs from example 3 in that the substrate in step (1) was changed from ceramic to DH32/DH36/EH36/AH36 steel sheet. The polyethylene glycol 6000 in the step (2) is changed to have a duty ratio of 2. The ratio of alpha-cellulose in the step (3) is changed to 1.5, the ratio of hydrophobic fumed silica powder is changed to 0.5, the ratio of ethyl cellulose is changed to 0.5, the ratio of the low surface energy modifier is changed to 1.35, the diameter of a nozzle of a spray gun is changed to 1.1cm, and the spraying air pressure is changed to 0.6mpa. In the step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil was changed to 500cst, and the other steps were the same as in example 3. The adjustment of the steps enables the flaky super-slip layer in the embodiment 4 to have denser micropores and stronger oil holding capacity, and the super-slip layer is matched with the oil storage effect of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, so that the oil loss rate of the super-slip coating is 6% after shearing for 30min at the rotating speed of 8000r/min, the sliding angle is smaller than 15 degrees, and the sliding angle is smaller than 15 degrees after washing for 24 hours by high-pressure water flow.
Example 5:
in the embodiment 5, the construction of the bionic super-smooth coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment 2;
this example 5 is different from example 3 in that the substrate in step (1) is changed from ceramic to aluminum alloy. The polyethylene glycol 6000 duty ratio in the step (2) is changed to 2. In the step (3), the ratio of ethyl cellulose is changed to 1, and the ratio of the low surface energy modifier is changed to 1. In the step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil was changed to 200cst, and the other steps were the same as in example 3. The adjustment of the above steps also makes the sheet-like ultra-smooth layer of this example 5 have denser micropores and stronger oil holding capacity, so that the sliding angle is still less than 8 ° after the coating is left in air for 100 days, the oil loss rate after 30min shearing at 8000r/min is 10%, the sliding angle is less than 15 °, and the sliding angle is less than 15 ° after 60 freeze-thaw cycles.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure is characterized by comprising a three-dimensional porous oil storage layer serving as a bottom layer and a lamellar super-slip layer serving as a top layer;
a plurality of three-dimensional micron through holes are uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, and a plurality of nanometer small holes are distributed on the side wall of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer;
the lamellar super-slip layer has a compact lamellar structure and contains an oleophilic component.
2. The biomimetic ultra-slip coating with bilayer structure according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional porous reservoir comprises the following components: silica powder, ethylcellulose, resin, curing agent, polyvinyl alcohol, solvent and dimethyl silicone oil; the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide powder to the ethylcellulose to the polyethylene glycol to the resin to the curing agent to the solvent is 1.2-1.5: 1-2: 2 to 4:1:0.6 to 1: 32-40.
3. The biomimetic ultra-slip coating with a bilayer structure according to claim 1, wherein the lamellar ultra-slip layer comprises the following components: alpha-cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder, ethylcellulose, resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier, solvent and simethicone; the mass ratio of the alpha-cellulose to the hydrophobic fumed silica powder to the ethyl cellulose to the resin to the curing agent to the low surface energy modifier to the solvent is 1.5-1.7: 0.3 to 0.5:0 to 1:0.8 to 1:0.5 to 0.6:0.72 to 1.35: 24-28.
4. A method for preparing a biomimetic super-slip coating with a bilayer structure according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1: pretreating the base material to remove oil stains on the surface;
s2: mixing silicon dioxide powder, ethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol and a solution for ball milling, and sequentially adding resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating A;
s3: rolling the coating A on the pretreated substrate to obtain a three-dimensional porous oil reservoir;
s4: mixing alpha-cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder and a solvent for ball milling, and sequentially adding a low-surface-energy modifier, resin and a curing agent in the ball milling process to obtain a coating B;
s5: spraying the coating B on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer to obtain a lamellar super-slip layer;
s6: and brushing dimethyl silicone oil on the surface of the lamellar super-slip layer to obtain the bionic super-slip coating.
5. The method for preparing the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein the step S1 comprises the following specific steps:
and (3) ultrasonically cleaning the substrate by using absolute ethyl alcohol so as to remove oil stains on the surface, and drying the substrate in an air environment for later use.
6. The method for preparing the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein the step S2 comprises the following specific steps:
s21: according to the mass ratio of 1.2-1.5: 1-2: 2 to 4:1:0.6 to 1: weighing silicon dioxide powder, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, resin, curing agent and solvent 32-40;
s22: and (3) putting the weighed silicon dioxide powder, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol and solvent into a stainless steel ball grinding tank for ball milling, adding resin after ball milling for a certain time, continuing ball milling for a certain time, adding a curing agent, and ball milling again for a certain time to obtain the coating A.
7. The method for preparing the bionic super-slip coating with the double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein the step S3 comprises the following specific steps:
s31: according to the mass ratio of 1.5-1.7: 0.3 to 0.5:0 to 1:0.8 to 1:0.5 to 0.6:0.72 to 1.35: 24-28, weighing alpha-cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder, ethyl cellulose, resin, curing agent, low surface energy modifier and solvent;
s32: and (3) putting the weighed alpha-cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydrophobic fumed silica powder and a solvent into a stainless steel ball milling tank for ball milling, adding a low surface energy modifier after ball milling for a certain time, adding resin after continuing ball milling for a certain time, adding a curing agent after ball milling for a certain time again, and finally ball milling for a certain time to obtain the coating B.
8. The method for preparing a biomimetic super-slip coating with a double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein in the fifth step, before the coating B is sprayed on the surface of the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer, sand paper is used for polishing the three-dimensional porous oil storage layer.
9. The method for preparing the bionic super-smooth coating with the double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the hydrophobic fumed silica powder is 3-7 nm, and the viscosity of the simethicone is 50-500 cst.
10. The method for preparing the bionic super-smooth coating with the double-layer structure according to claim 4, wherein the resin is epoxy resin and the solution is absolute ethyl alcohol.
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