CN116251966A

CN116251966A - Dust removal assembly, forming cylinder assembly matched with same and metal 3D printing device

Info

Publication number: CN116251966A
Application number: CN202310078163.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑建明; 朱训明; 刘旦; 段军鹏; 王志方
Original assignee: Weihai Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Weihai Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-30
Filing date: 2023-01-30
Publication date: 2023-06-13

Abstract

The invention provides a dust removal assembly, a forming cylinder assembly matched with the dust removal assembly and a metal 3D printing device, which solve the technical problems of poor smoke removal and dust removal effects of the existing metal 3D printer; the dust removal assembly is longitudinally provided with a through hole for the laser beam to pass through, and the top of the through hole is connected with a focusing lens; the dust removal assembly is also provided with an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity respectively, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air blowing port, and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air sucking port; the molding cylinder assembly is provided with a molding cylinder and a second motor, the molding cylinder is provided with a molding cavity, a molding substrate is arranged in the molding cavity, the molding substrate is in sliding connection with the side wall of the molding cavity, the bottom of the molding substrate is connected with a pull rod, and the second motor drives the pull rod to drive the molding substrate to move up and down through a second screw rod; the top end of the second screw rod is connected with a chuck, and the bottom end of the pull rod is detachably connected with the chuck; the invention also discloses a metal 3D printing device; the method can be widely applied to the technical field of 3D printing additive manufacturing.

Description

Dust removal assembly, forming cylinder assembly matched with same and metal 3D printing device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of 3D printing and additive manufacturing, in particular to a dust removal assembly, a forming cylinder assembly matched with the dust removal assembly and a metal 3D printing device.

Background

The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) devices are controlled by a computer control system, powder materials are paved on a substrate through a 3D printing powder conveying and paving system, then an energy source (usually a laser vibrating mirror or an electron beam) moves along the X axis and the Y axis, the energy source sinters and shapes the metal powder materials paved on the substrate in the moving process, after a layer of thickness is sintered, the substrate descends by a layer of thickness distance, then a layer of powder is paved, then sintering is carried out, and finally a solid is obtained through layer-by-layer lamination of consumable materials on the substrate.

In the sintering and forming process of metal powder materials, smoke and dust are generated, and in order to avoid interference of the smoke and the dust on energy and ensure that the metal powder is not oxidized, the prior solution is to inject inert gas into the equipment and blow the smoke and the dust away through the inert gas. However, as the size of the printed entity is continuously increased, the demand of the large-sized metal 3D printer is continuously increased, and as the printing breadth is continuously increased, the distance between the air blowing port and the air suction port in the traditional design is far, and the smoke and dust removing effects are poor. The technical problem needs to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the technology, and provides a dust removal assembly, a forming cylinder assembly matched with the dust removal assembly and a metal 3D printing device, so that the smoke removal and dust removal effects of a metal 3D printer are improved.

Therefore, the invention provides a dust removing assembly, wherein a through hole for a laser beam to pass through is longitudinally formed in the dust removing assembly, and a focusing lens is connected to the top of the through hole; the dust removal assembly is also respectively provided with an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air blowing port, and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air sucking port.

Preferably, the dust removal assembly is further provided with a left powder bin and a right powder bin respectively, the left powder bin and the right powder bin are arranged on the left side and the right side of the through hole at intervals respectively, and the discharge hole of the left powder bin and the discharge hole of the right powder bin are arranged at the bottom of the dust removal assembly.

Preferably, the dust removing assembly is also provided with a left scraper motor and a right scraper motor respectively; the left scraper motor drives the left scraper to move up and down through a left scraper screw rod, and the right scraper motor drives the right scraper to move up and down through a right scraper screw rod; the left scraper and the right scraper are arranged at the bottom of the dust removal assembly, and the left scraper is arranged between the discharge hole and the through hole of the left powder bin; the right scraper is arranged between the discharge hole and the through hole of the right powder bin.

Preferably, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the air inlet pipe; the air outlet cavity is communicated with the exhaust pipe.

Preferably, the air blowing opening is a circular through hole; the air suction port is of a horn-shaped structure, the horn mouth of the position of the air suction port close to the through hole is large, and the horn mouth of the position of the air suction port close to the air outlet cavity is small; the air blowing port and the air suction port are arranged opposite to each other.

A forming cylinder assembly, the dust removal assembly of any one of the above being used in combination with a forming cylinder assembly; the forming cylinder assembly is provided with a forming cylinder and a second motor, the forming cylinder is provided with a forming cavity, a forming substrate is arranged in the forming cavity, the forming substrate is in sliding connection with the side wall of the forming cavity, the bottom of the forming substrate is connected with a pull rod, and the second motor drives the pull rod to drive the forming substrate to move up and down through a second screw rod; the top of the second screw rod is connected with a chuck, and the bottom of the pull rod is detachably connected with the chuck.

Preferably, the forming cylinder is also provided with a left powder return cavity and a right powder return cavity with upward openings respectively, and the left powder return cavity and the right powder return cavity are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the forming cavity at intervals.

Preferably, the forming cylinder assembly is further provided with a sliding table and a first motor, and the first motor drives the sliding table to move left and right along the guide rail through a first screw rod; the forming cylinder is placed on the sliding table.

A metal 3D printing apparatus provided with the forming cylinder assembly and the dust removal assembly; the metal 3D printing device is provided with a box body, and a first sealing door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the upper part of the right side of the box body; the upper part of the left side of the box body is provided with a second sealing door which can be opened and closed; the middle upper part of the box body is provided with a dust removing assembly, and a scanning vibrating mirror is arranged right above the focusing lens; the bottom of the box body is provided with a guide rail, and the guide rail is connected with a forming cylinder assembly in a sliding way.

Preferably, the upper portion of second sealing door is equipped with the transfer room, and the indoor connection of transfer is equipped with the promotion cylinder, and the upper portion of transfer room sets up the third sealing door of openable and closable.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a dust removing assembly, a forming cylinder assembly matched with the dust removing assembly and a metal 3D printing device, wherein the dust removing assembly is longitudinally provided with a through hole for a laser beam to pass through, the top of the through hole is connected with a focusing lens, the dust removing assembly is also respectively provided with an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air blowing port, and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the through hole through an air sucking port. During the use, inert gas is blown into the through-hole from the air inlet chamber through the air blowing mouth, is sucked away by the inlet scoop and gets into the air outlet chamber and discharges, and in this process, the smoke and dust that the sintering produced is sucked away by the synchronization after getting into the through-hole to promote the smoke abatement, the dust removal effect of metal 3D printer. In addition, the forming cylinder assembly is matched with the dedusting assembly for use and is arranged in the metal 3D printing device, the metal 3D printing device is provided with a box body, a guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the box body, the forming cylinder assembly is connected to the guide rail in a sliding mode, the dedusting assembly is arranged at the middle upper part of the box body, the box body is provided with a first sealing door, a second sealing door and other parts capable of being opened and closed, and when metal 3D printing is finished in the box body, mass, automatic and flow production of products is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the dust removing assembly of the present invention and a forming cylinder assembly associated therewith;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working principle of the dust removing assembly shown in FIG. 1 and a forming cylinder assembly matched with the dust removing assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a metal 3D printing device according to the present invention;

fig. 4 to 9 are schematic structural views illustrating an operating principle of the metal 3D printing device shown in fig. 3.

The marks in the figure: 1. a case; 2. a guide rail; 3. a left powder bin; 4. a left scraper motor; 5. a left scraper screw rod; 6. a left scraper; 7. a through hole; 8. a first screw rod; 9. a sliding table; 10. a chuck; 11. a second motor; 12. a second screw rod; 13. a first motor; 14. a first sealing door; 15. a forming cylinder; 16. a right powder return cavity; 17. forming a substrate; 18. a forming cavity; 19. a left powder return cavity; 20. an air inlet cavity; 21. blowing an air port; 22. an air inlet pipe; 23. scanning a vibrating mirror; 24. a focusing lens; 25. an exhaust pipe; 26. an air suction port; 27. an air outlet cavity; 28. a second sealing door; 29. lifting the cylinder; 30. a third sealing door; 31. a right scraper motor; 32. a right scraper; 33. a right scraper screw rod; 34. a right powder bin; 35. a pull rod; 36. a transfer chamber; 37. a dust removal assembly; 38. and a forming cylinder assembly.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application. The method used in the invention is a conventional method unless specified otherwise; the raw materials and devices used, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional commercial products.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a dust removing assembly 37, wherein a through hole 7 for a laser beam to pass through is longitudinally formed in the dust removing assembly 37, and a focusing lens 24 is connected to the top of the through hole 7; the dust removal assembly 37 is also provided with an air inlet cavity 20 and an air outlet cavity 27 respectively, the air inlet cavity 20 is communicated with the through hole 7 through the air blowing port 21, and the air outlet cavity 27 is communicated with the through hole 7 through the air suction port 26. When in use, inert gas is blown into the through hole 7 from the air inlet cavity 20 through the air blowing opening 21, sucked by the air suction opening 26, enters the air outlet cavity 27 and is discharged, and in the process, dust and dust generated by sintering enter the through hole 7 and are synchronously sucked.

As a preferable technical scheme, the dust removing assembly 37 is also provided with a left powder bin 3 and a right powder bin 34 respectively, and the left powder bin 3 and the right powder bin 34 are used for storing metal powder; the left powder bin 3 and the right powder bin 34 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the through hole 7 at intervals, and the discharge hole of the left powder bin 3 and the discharge hole of the right powder bin 34 are arranged at the bottom of the dust removing assembly 37.

As a preferable technical scheme, the dust removing assembly 37 is also provided with a left scraper motor 4 and a right scraper motor 31 respectively; the left scraper motor 4 drives the left scraper 6 to move up and down through the left scraper screw rod 5, and the right scraper motor 31 drives the right scraper 32 to move up and down through the right scraper screw rod 33; the left scraper 6 and the right scraper 32 are arranged at the bottom of the dust removal assembly 37, and the left scraper 6 is arranged between the discharge hole of the left powder bin 3 and the through hole 7; the right scraper 32 is arranged between the discharge hole of the right powder bin 34 and the through hole 7.

As a preferable technical scheme, the air inlet cavity 20 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 22; the air outlet cavity 27 is communicated with an exhaust pipe 25, and the exhaust pipe 25 is communicated with external exhaust equipment.

As a preferable technical scheme, the air blowing port 21 is a circular through hole; the air suction inlet 26 is of a horn-shaped structure, the horn mouth of the position of the air suction inlet 26 close to the through hole 7 is large, and the horn mouth of the position of the air suction inlet 26 close to the air outlet cavity 27 is small; the air blowing port 21 is arranged opposite to the air suction port 26. This structure makes the through-hole 7 in gas and the air-out chamber 27 in gas between produce negative pressure, accelerates the gas velocity of flow, further increases dust removal ability.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention further provides a forming cylinder assembly 38, where the dust removing assembly 37 is matched with the forming cylinder assembly 38, and when in use, the dust removing assembly 37 is disposed above the forming cylinder assembly 38, and the two assemblies are matched. The forming cylinder assembly 38 is provided with a forming cylinder 15 and a second motor 11, the forming cylinder 15 is provided with a forming cavity 18, a forming base plate 17 is arranged in the forming cavity 18, the forming base plate 17 is in sliding connection with the side wall of the forming cavity 18, the bottom of the forming base plate 17 is connected with a pull rod 35, and the second motor 11 drives the pull rod 35 to drive the forming base plate 17 to move up and down through a second screw rod 12; the top end of the second screw rod 12 is connected with a chuck 10, and the bottom end of the pull rod 35 is detachably connected with the chuck 10.

As a preferable technical scheme, the forming cylinder 15 is also respectively provided with a left powder return cavity 19 and a right powder return cavity 16 with upward openings, and the left powder return cavity 19 and the right powder return cavity 16 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the forming cavity 18 at intervals; during the left-right movement of the forming cylinder 15, the excessive powder in the forming cavity 18 is scraped back into the left powder return cavity 19 or the right powder return cavity 16 by the scraper.

As a preferable technical scheme, each air suction port 26 is opposite to the air blowing port 21, the distance between the air suction port and the air blowing port is smaller than the width of the forming cavity 18, the aperture of the through hole 7 is smaller than the width of the forming cavity 18, and negative pressure is generated between the air in the forming cavity 18 and the air in the through hole 7 by the structure, so that the air flow speed is accelerated, and the dust removing capability is further improved.

As a preferable technical scheme, the forming cylinder assembly 38 is also provided with a sliding table 9 and a first motor 13, and the first motor 13 drives the sliding table 9 to move left and right along the guide rail 2 through a first screw rod 8; the forming cylinder 15 is placed on the slide 9 so that the left-right movement of the forming cylinder 15 is achieved.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a metal 3D printing apparatus provided with the forming cylinder assembly 38 and the dust removing assembly 37 described in embodiment 1; the metal 3D printing device is provided with a box body 1, and a first sealing door 14 capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the upper part of the right side of the box body 1; the upper left side of the box body 1 is provided with a second sealing door 28 which can be opened and closed; the middle upper part of the box body 1 is provided with a dust removing assembly 37, and a scanning galvanometer 23 is arranged right above the focusing lens 24; the bottom of the box 1 is provided with a guide rail 2, and a forming cylinder assembly 38 is connected to the guide rail 2 in a sliding manner.

As a preferred embodiment, a transfer chamber 36 is provided at the upper part of the second sealing door 28, a lift cylinder 29 is connected to the transfer chamber 36, and a third sealing door 30 which can be opened and closed is provided at the upper part of the transfer chamber 36.

The working principle of the metal 3D printing device of the present invention is as follows (the content includes the working principle of the dust removing assembly 37 shown in fig. 2 and the forming cylinder assembly 38 matched with the dust removing assembly):

4-9, and combining with FIG. 2, the first sealing door 14 is opened, the forming cylinder 15 is sent into the box body 1 and placed on the sliding table 9, the clamping head 10 clamps the pull rod 35, the right scraper 32 moves downwards, the left scraper 6 moves upwards, the first motor 13 drives the sliding table 9 to move leftwards through the first screw rod 8, when the forming cylinder 15 moves to the right powder bin 34, the right powder bin 34 releases a certain amount of metal powder to fall into the forming cavity 18 of the forming cylinder 15, at the moment, the forming cylinder 15 continues to move leftwards, the right scraper 32 stricks the metal powder in the forming cavity 18, when the forming cavity 18 moves to the right below the through hole 7, the laser is shot downwards through the scanning vibrating mirror 23, sequentially passes through the focusing lens 24 and the through hole 7, and performs selective scanning sintering on the metal powder in the forming cavity 18, at the moment, inert gas is blown in through the air inlet pipe 22, blown out from the air blowing opening 21, is sucked away by the air suction opening 26, and dust generated by sintering is synchronously sucked away; the forming cylinder 15 continues to move leftwards, excessive powder is scraped back to the right powder returning cavity 16, then when the forming cylinder 15 moves leftwards to the left powder supplying position, the second motor 11 drives the forming substrate 17 to descend by one powder layer thickness, the left scraper 6 moves downwards, the right scraper 32 moves upwards, the left powder bin 3 releases a certain amount of metal powder to fall into the forming cavity 18 of the forming cylinder 15, at the moment, the forming cylinder 15 continues to move rightwards, the left scraper 6 scrapes the metal powder in the forming cavity 18, and when the forming cavity 18 moves right below the through hole 7, laser is injected through the scanning vibrating mirror 23, passes downwards through the focusing lens 24 and the through hole 7 in sequence, and selectively scans and sinters the metal powder in the forming cavity 18. And the steps are repeated until the sintering of the rectifying three-dimensional entity is completed. After the sintering is finished, the forming cylinder 15 moves to the leftmost end inside the box body 1, the clamping head 10 is loosened, the third sealing door 30 is opened, the lifting cylinder 29 lifts the forming cylinder 15 into the transfer chamber 36, then the third sealing door 30 is closed, the lifting cylinder 29 is loosened, the forming cylinder 15 is placed on the lifting cylinder for cooling, then the first sealing door 14 is opened, and the finished forming cylinder 15 is taken out. The first sealing door 14 is opened, and the other forming cylinder 15 is sent into the box body 1 to perform the operation of the steps, so that the production requirements of mass, automation and flow are met, and the problem that most of the existing metal 3D printing systems are of single-cylinder design and cannot meet the mass, automation and flow production is solved.

The invention provides a dust removing assembly 37, a forming cylinder assembly 38 and a metal 3D printing device matched with the dust removing assembly 37, wherein a through hole 7 for a laser beam to pass through is longitudinally formed in the dust removing assembly 37, a focusing lens 24 is connected to the top of the through hole 7, an air inlet cavity 20 and an air outlet cavity 27 are respectively formed in the dust removing assembly 37, the air inlet cavity 20 is communicated with the through hole 7 through an air blowing port 21, and the air outlet cavity 27 is communicated with the through hole 7 through an air sucking port 26. When the metal 3D printer is used, inert gas is blown into the through hole 7 from the air inlet cavity 20 through the air blowing opening 21 and is sucked away by the air suction opening 26 to enter the air outlet cavity 27 for discharge, and in the process, smoke dust and dust generated by sintering enter the through hole 7 and are synchronously sucked away, so that the smoke removal and dust removal effects of the metal 3D printer are improved. In addition, forming cylinder assembly 38 is used with dust removal assembly 37 in a matched manner, and is arranged in metal 3D printing device, metal 3D printing device is provided with box 1, the bottom of box 1 is provided with guide rail 2, forming cylinder assembly 38 is connected to guide rail 2 in a sliding manner, dust removal assembly 37 is arranged at the middle upper part of box 1, first sealing door 14 and second sealing door 28 which can be opened and closed are arranged on box 1, and mass, automatic and flow production of products is satisfied while metal 3D printing is completed in box 1.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "back", "middle", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must be provided with specific orientations, be configured and operated in specific orientations, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, the "first", "second" and "third" do not represent an absolute distinction between structures and/or functions, and do not represent a sequential order of execution, but are merely for convenience of description.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application.

Claims

1. The dust removing assembly is characterized in that a through hole (7) for a laser beam to pass through is longitudinally formed in the dust removing assembly (37), and a focusing lens (24) is connected to the top of the through hole (7); the dust removal assembly (37) is further provided with an air inlet cavity (20) and an air outlet cavity (27) respectively, the air inlet cavity (20) is communicated with the through hole (7) through an air blowing port (21), and the air outlet cavity (27) is communicated with the through hole (7) through an air suction port (26).

2. The dust removal assembly according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal assembly (37) is further provided with a left powder bin (3) and a right powder bin (34) respectively, the left powder bin (3) and the right powder bin (34) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the through hole (7) at intervals, and the discharge hole of the left powder bin (3) and the discharge hole of the right powder bin (34) are both arranged at the bottom of the dust removal assembly (37).

3. A dust removal assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the dust removal assembly (37) is further provided with a left scraper motor (4) and a right scraper motor (31), respectively; the left scraper motor (4) drives the left scraper (6) to move up and down through the left scraper screw rod (5), and the right scraper motor (31) drives the right scraper (32) to move up and down through the right scraper screw rod (33); the left scraper (6) and the right scraper (32) are arranged at the bottom of the dust removal assembly (37), and the left scraper (6) is arranged between the discharge hole of the left powder bin (3) and the through hole (7); the right scraper (32) is arranged between the discharge hole of the right powder bin (34) and the through hole (7).

4. A dust removal assembly according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet chamber (20) is in communication with an air inlet duct (22); the air outlet cavity (27) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (25).

5. A dust removal assembly according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet (21) is a circular through hole; the air suction inlet (26) is of a horn-shaped structure, the horn mouth of the position of the air suction inlet (26) close to the through hole (7) is large, and the horn mouth of the position of the air suction inlet (26) close to the air outlet cavity (27) is small; the air blowing opening (21) is opposite to the air suction opening (26).

6. A forming cylinder assembly, characterized in that a dust removal assembly (37) according to any one of claims 3-5 is used in combination with the forming cylinder assembly (38); the forming cylinder assembly (38) is provided with a forming cylinder (15) and a second motor (11), the forming cylinder (15) is provided with a forming cavity (18), a forming substrate (17) is arranged in the forming cavity (18), the forming substrate (17) is in sliding connection with the side wall of the forming cavity (18), the bottom of the forming substrate (17) is connected with a pull rod (35), and the second motor (11) drives the pull rod (35) to drive the forming substrate (17) to move up and down through a second screw rod (12); the top end of the second screw rod (12) is connected with a chuck (10), and the bottom end of the pull rod (35) is detachably connected with the chuck (10).

7. Forming cylinder assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the forming cylinder (15) is further provided with a left and a right powder return cavities (19, 16) with upward openings, respectively, which left and right powder return cavities (19, 16) are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the forming cavity (18), respectively.

8. A forming cylinder assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the forming cylinder assembly (38) is further provided with a sliding table (9), a first motor (13), the first motor (13) driving the sliding table (9) to move left and right along the guide rail (2) through a first screw (8); the forming cylinder (15) is placed on the sliding table (9).

9. A metal 3D printing device, characterized in that it is provided with a forming cylinder assembly according to claim 7; the metal 3D printing device is provided with a box body (1), and a first sealing door (14) capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the upper part of the right side of the box body (1); a second sealing door (28) which can be opened and closed is arranged at the upper part of the left side of the box body (1); the upper middle part of the box body (1) is provided with the dust removing assembly (37), and a scanning vibrating mirror (23) is arranged right above the focusing lens (24); the bottom of the box body (1) is provided with the guide rail (2), and the guide rail (2) is connected with the forming cylinder assembly (38) in a sliding way.

10. A metal 3D printing device according to claim 9, characterized in that a transfer chamber (36) is arranged at the upper part of the second sealing door (28), a lifting cylinder (29) is connected in the transfer chamber (36), and a third sealing door (30) capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the upper part of the transfer chamber (36).