CN116246808A - Nuclear facility repository and waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof - Google Patents
Nuclear facility repository and waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116246808A CN116246808A CN202310125846.7A CN202310125846A CN116246808A CN 116246808 A CN116246808 A CN 116246808A CN 202310125846 A CN202310125846 A CN 202310125846A CN 116246808 A CN116246808 A CN 116246808A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation method, which comprises the following steps: the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse to exchange heat in an inactive conveying mode, and air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode or an inactive conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode. The invention also discloses a nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation system and a nuclear facility storage warehouse of the nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation system. The invention can safely lead out the waste heat of the storage warehouse under various working conditions, and simultaneously can reduce the operation energy consumption, the equipment investment cost and the occupied area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear engineering, in particular to a nuclear facility storage warehouse and a waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof.
Background
In nuclear facilities, various product reservoirs and waste reservoirs are built, wherein the reservoirs consist of a plurality of storage units, each storage unit is provided with a plurality of storage wells, and product containers are stored in the storage wells. The product container releases a large amount of decay heat, i.e., waste heat, during storage, which must be conducted away in time to ensure that the temperature of the storage facility enclosure is not exceeded.
In a conventional storage, each storage unit is provided with a corresponding mechanical ventilation system, and the heat in the storage unit is conducted out by sending outdoor fresh air into the storage unit by means of an air conditioning unit on one side and by exhausting air outwards by means of a fan on the other side. The air conditioning units and fans in the ventilation system of each storage unit need to run continuously throughout the year, and because the number of product containers is large, heat is generated, and corresponding heat can be taken away only by extremely large air quantity, so that the problems of large electricity consumption, high energy consumption and the like of the air conditioning units, fans and the like are directly caused, and the ventilation system is often set as a safety level system, has high equipment manufacturing cost, and also has the problems of large occupied area, difficult arrangement and the like. In order to solve the problem of difficult arrangement, the area of the plant is required to be enlarged, and the problems of overlarge area of the plant, high construction cost and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a nuclear facility storage warehouse and a waste heat guiding-out ventilation method and system thereof, which can safely guide out the waste heat of the storage warehouse under various working conditions, and simultaneously can reduce the operation energy consumption, reduce the equipment investment cost and reduce the occupied area.
According to one aspect of the invention, a nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation method is provided, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a nuclear facility repository waste heat removal ventilation method, comprising: the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse to exchange heat in an inactive conveying mode, and air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode or an inactive conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode.
Preferably, fresh air is supplied to the reservoir from the lower part of the reservoir and air in the reservoir is exhausted from the top of the reservoir.
Preferably, the height of the air inlet when the outdoor fresh air is fed into the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode is smaller than the height of the air outlet when the air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nuclear facility repository waste heat export ventilation system, the technical scheme of which is as follows:
the mechanical ventilation system comprises a mechanical air inlet unit and a mechanical air exhaust unit, wherein the mechanical air inlet unit and the mechanical air exhaust unit are respectively communicated with a storage warehouse in the nuclear facility, the mechanical air inlet unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode for heat exchange, and the mechanical air exhaust unit is used for discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode; the natural ventilation system comprises a natural air inlet unit and a natural air exhaust unit, wherein the natural air inlet unit is communicated with a storage warehouse in a nuclear facility, the natural air exhaust unit is communicated with the storage warehouse, the natural ventilation unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an passive conveying mode for heat exchange, and the natural air exhaust unit is used for exhausting air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in the passive conveying mode by means of thermal buoyancy.
Preferably, the natural air inlet unit comprises a natural air inlet pipe and a natural air inlet shutter, wherein the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe is communicated with the outdoor environment, the outlet end of the natural air inlet pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, a first valve is arranged on the natural air inlet pipe, and the natural air inlet shutter is arranged at the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe; the natural exhaust unit comprises a natural exhaust pipe, the bottom end of the natural exhaust pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, the top end of the natural exhaust pipe is communicated with the atmosphere, and a second valve is arranged on the natural exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the mechanical air inlet unit comprises a mechanical air inlet pipe, a fresh air filtering air conditioning unit and a mechanical air inlet shutter, wherein the inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe is communicated with an outdoor environment, the outlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse through the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit, and a third valve is arranged on the mechanical air inlet pipe; the mechanical air inlet shutter is arranged at the inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe.
Preferably, the mechanical exhaust unit comprises a mechanical exhaust pipe, an exhaust fan and a filter, wherein the inlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe is communicated with the atmospheric environment, the exhaust fan and the filter are both arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe, and a fourth valve is arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the mechanical exhaust unit further comprises a chimney, and the chimney is arranged at the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nuclear facility repository, which has the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a nuclear facility repository, includes the storage unit, and the storage unit is equipped with air inlet duct and exhaust duct, still includes above nuclear facility repository waste heat derivation ventilation system, machinery air inlet unit natural air inlet unit all with the air inlet duct intercommunication, machinery air exhaust unit natural air exhaust unit all with the exhaust duct intercommunication.
Preferably, the number of the storage units is a plurality, the number of the mechanical air inlet units, the number of the natural air inlet units and the number of the natural air exhaust units are all a plurality of sets which are the same as the number of the storage units, each set of mechanical air inlet units, natural air inlet units and natural air exhaust units are respectively communicated with one storage unit, the number of the mechanical air exhaust units is one set, and the exhaust channels of the mechanical air exhaust units are respectively communicated with the mechanical air exhaust units.
The nuclear facility storage warehouse and the waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof can safely lead out the waste heat of stored products under various working conditions, and can flexibly select a proper ventilation mode according to different working conditions. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the operation energy consumption, reduce the equipment investment cost and reduce the occupied area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear facility repository waste heat derivation ventilation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an exhaust fan; 2-sixth valve; 3-a filter; 4-a fifth valve; 5-chimney; 6-product; 7-a storage barrel; 8-fresh air filtering air conditioning unit; 9-fourth valve;
10-a first valve; 11-an air inlet duct; 12-an exhaust duct; 13-a second valve; 14-a natural exhaust duct; 15-a natural air inlet pipe; 16-a mechanical air inlet pipe; 17-a mechanical exhaust pipe; 18-natural air inlet shutter; 19-mechanical air inlet shutter; 20-third valve.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper" and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must be provided with a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "configured," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be either fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a nuclear facility repository waste heat leading-out ventilation method, which includes:
the outdoor fresh air is sent into a storage warehouse in a nuclear facility to exchange heat in an inactive conveying mode, and air in the storage warehouse (namely fresh air after heat exchange) is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode and is marked as a ventilation mode I; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode, and recording as a ventilation mode II; and/or, sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode or an inactive conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode, and recording as a ventilation mode III.
Specifically, the passive transmission mode is to perform natural ventilation by using the density difference of the air inlet (i.e. fresh air) and the air outlet (i.e. air in the storage), the height difference of the air inlet and the air outlet of the storage and the hot pressing formed by the heat of the product stored in the storage, so as to realize heat exchange of the outdoor fresh air to the storage and the air in the storage. The active transmission mode is to transmit outdoor fresh air to the storage warehouse for heat exchange by using active equipment such as a fresh air filtering air conditioning unit and the like, and to discharge air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse through active equipment such as an exhaust fan, a filter and the like.
The height of the air inlet when the outdoor fresh air is fed into the storage warehouse in a passive conveying mode is smaller than the height of the air outlet when the air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in a passive conveying mode, so that natural ventilation can be ensured by means of the density difference between the air inlet (namely the outdoor fresh air) and the air outlet (namely the fresh air after heat exchange), the height difference of the air inlet and the air outlet (namely the height difference between the top end outlet of the natural exhaust pipe 14 and the outlet end of the natural air inlet pipe 15) and the hot pressing formed by the heat of stored products.
In some embodiments, it is preferred to send fresh air outdoors into the reservoir from a lower portion of the reservoir, and it is preferred to vent air within the reservoir from the top of the reservoir out of the reservoir.
Specifically, the storage warehouse is generally provided with a plurality of storage units, each storage unit is internally provided with a plurality of storage barrels 7, and various products 6 are stored in each storage barrel 7. According to the method, the air inlet channels 11 which are respectively communicated with the lower parts of the storage barrels 7 are arranged in the storage unit, the air outlet channels 12 which are respectively communicated with the tops of the storage barrels 7 are arranged at the top of the storage unit, so that outdoor fresh air enters into gaps between the storage barrels 7 and stored products 6 from the bottoms of the storage barrels 7 in the storage warehouse, the fresh air is directly contacted with the products 6 to exchange heat, and through natural buoyancy generated by hot pressing, air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse after entering the air outlet channels from the tops of the storage barrels, and the waste heat guiding effect can be improved.
The nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation method can safely lead out waste heat of stored products under various working conditions, prevent the temperature of a storage warehouse concrete wall from exceeding the use limit, and flexibly select a proper ventilation mode according to different working conditions: in normal operation conditions, for example, in normal outdoor weather such as outdoor no dust and the like, a first ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the extreme sand weather operation condition, a second ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the leakage accident operation condition, a third ventilation mode is preferably adopted. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the operation energy consumption, reduce the equipment investment cost and reduce the occupied area.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a nuclear facility repository waste heat leading-out ventilation system, which comprises a mechanical ventilation system and a natural ventilation system, wherein:
the mechanical ventilation system comprises a mechanical air inlet unit and a mechanical air exhaust unit, wherein the mechanical air inlet unit and the mechanical air exhaust unit are respectively communicated with a storage warehouse in a nuclear facility, the mechanical air inlet unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode for heat exchange, and the mechanical air exhaust unit is used for exhausting air in the storage warehouse (namely fresh air after heat exchange) out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode;
the natural ventilation system comprises a natural air inlet unit and a natural air exhaust unit, wherein the natural air inlet unit is communicated with the lower part of the storage warehouse in the nuclear facility, the natural air exhaust unit is communicated with the top of the storage warehouse, the natural ventilation unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode for heat exchange, and the natural air exhaust unit is used for exhausting air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode.
In some embodiments, the natural air inlet unit comprises a natural air inlet pipe 15 and a natural air inlet shutter 18, the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe 15 is communicated with the outdoor environment of the storage warehouse, the outlet end of the natural air inlet pipe 15 is communicated with the storage warehouse, the natural air inlet pipe 15 is provided with a first valve 10, and the natural air inlet shutter 18 is arranged at the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe 15; the natural exhaust unit comprises a natural exhaust pipe 14, the bottom end of the natural exhaust pipe 14 is communicated with the storage warehouse, the top end of the natural exhaust pipe 4 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the natural exhaust pipe 14 is provided with a second valve 13.
Specifically, a plurality of storage units are arranged in the storage warehouse, a plurality of storage barrels 7 are respectively arranged in each storage unit, and various products 6 are stored in each storage barrel 7. Each storage unit is provided with an air inlet duct 11 and an air outlet duct 12. The air inlet duct 11 is preferably arranged on the side wall of the storage unit, the air inlet duct 11 is vertically arranged, the outlet end of the natural air inlet duct 15 is communicated with the top inlet of the air inlet duct 11, and the bottom outlet of the air inlet duct 11 is communicated with the bottom of each storage barrel 7. The air exhaust duct 12 is arranged at the top of the storage unit and is communicated with the top of each storage barrel 7, and the natural air exhaust duct 14 is communicated with the storage barrels 7 through the air exhaust duct 12. The outdoor fresh air enters the storage barrel 7 through the air inlet channel 11 to be in direct contact with the stored product 6 for heat exchange, flows upwards from the gap between the storage barrel 7 and the stored product 6, enters the exhaust channel 12, and then is converged into the natural exhaust pipe 14 for being exhausted.
The first valve 10 and the second valve 13 are preferably electrically operated isolation valves. In normal operation conditions, for example, in normal outdoor weather such as outdoor no dust, the first valve 10 and the second valve 13 are opened, outdoor fresh air enters the storage warehouse through the natural air inlet pipe 15 and is discharged through the natural air outlet pipe 14, at the moment, no active equipment operates, electric energy is not required to be consumed, and the operation is energy-saving. In the extreme sand weather operation condition, the first valve 10 is closed, and outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse through the mechanical air inlet pipe 15 and is discharged through the natural exhaust pipe 14. And in the operation condition of the leakage accident, the second valve 13 is closed, and the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse through the natural air inlet unit or the mechanical air inlet unit and is discharged through the mechanical air exhaust unit.
In this embodiment, the height of the top outlet of the natural exhaust duct 14 is greater than the height of the inlet end of the natural air inlet duct 15, so as to ensure natural ventilation by means of the density difference between the air inlet (i.e. fresh air) and the air outlet (i.e. fresh air after heat exchange), the height difference of the air inlet and outlet (i.e. the height difference between the top outlet of the natural exhaust duct 14 and the outlet end of the natural air inlet duct 15), and the hot pressing formed by the heat of the stored product, thereby guiding out the waste heat of the storage warehouse. The outlet end of the natural exhaust pipe 14 may also be provided with a natural exhaust chimney, where the outlet height of the natural exhaust chimney is greater than the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe 15. The height of the natural exhaust chimney is preferably 30-60m, and the natural exhaust chimney can be selected after being verified by computational fluid dynamics simulation analysis according to the heat quantity, quantity and other factors of stored products.
In some embodiments, the mechanical air inlet unit includes a mechanical air inlet pipe 16, a fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8, and a mechanical air inlet shutter 19, an inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe 16 is communicated with an outdoor environment of the storage, an outlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe 16 is communicated with the storage through the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8, the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 is used for filtering and purifying sand and dust in the introduced outdoor fresh air, a third valve 20 is arranged on the mechanical air inlet pipe 16, and the mechanical air inlet shutter 19 is arranged at the inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe 16.
Specifically, the outlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe 16 is communicated with the top inlet of the air inlet duct 12 arranged on each storage unit in the storage warehouse through the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8, two third valves 20 are preferred, and the two third valves 20 are respectively positioned at the upstream and downstream of the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 so as to improve the reliability.
In this embodiment, the third valve 20 is preferably an electrically-operated sealing valve. In the normal operation condition, the third valve 20 and the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 are closed, the mechanical air inlet unit is not put into operation, and the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse only through the natural air inlet unit. In extreme dust weather operating conditions, the third valve 20 and the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 are opened, and outdoor fresh air is fed into the storage warehouse only through the mechanical air inlet unit, so that outdoor dust can be prevented from depositing in the storage warehouse compared with the natural air inlet unit. In the leakage accident working condition, the third valve 20 and the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 can be opened, the outdoor fresh air is sent to the storage warehouse through the mechanical air inlet unit, or the third valve 20 and the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 can be closed, and the outdoor fresh air is sent to the storage warehouse only through the natural air inlet unit, so that the fresh air filtering air conditioning system can be specifically selected according to actual conditions.
In some embodiments, the mechanical exhaust unit comprises a mechanical exhaust pipe 17, an exhaust fan 1 and a filter 3, wherein the inlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe 17 is communicated with the storage warehouse, the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe 17 is communicated with the atmosphere outside the storage warehouse, the exhaust fan 1 and the filter 3 are both arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe 17, and a fourth valve 9 is arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe 17.
In particular, the mechanical exhaust duct 17 communicates with an exhaust duct 12 provided on each storage unit in the reservoir, the exhaust fan 1 being preferably downstream of the filter 3, and the fourth valve 9 being preferably upstream of the filter 3. The exhaust fan 1 can accelerate exhaust and improve exhaust efficiency. The filter 3 preferably employs a high efficiency air filter to ensure filtration and purification of contaminants such as radioactive materials in the exhaust air. The fourth valve 9 is preferably an electrically operated isolation valve. And under the normal operation condition and the extreme sand weather operation condition, the fourth valve 9 and the exhaust fan 1 are closed, the mechanical exhaust unit is not put into operation, and the air in the storage warehouse is exhausted out of the storage warehouse only through the natural exhaust unit. In the case of a leakage accident, the fourth valve 9 and the exhaust fan 1 are opened, the second valve 13 is closed, and the air in the storage is exhausted out of the storage through the mechanical exhaust unit.
In some more specific embodiments, the number of the filters 3 is preferably a plurality, and the plurality of filters 3 are arranged in parallel, so that a plurality of filtering branches are formed on the mechanical exhaust pipe 17, and each filtering branch is respectively provided with a fifth valve 4, so that the filters 3 with different functions can be put into operation in turn, and the reliability of the mechanical exhaust unit can be improved.
In this embodiment, the fifth valves 4 are preferably air valves, and the filters 3 are preferably two, i.e. two filtering branches are preferably provided, and two fifth valves 4 are preferably provided on each filtering branch, and the two fifth valves 4 are respectively located upstream and downstream of the filters, so as to improve reliability.
In some more specific embodiments, the number of the exhaust fans 1 is preferably a plurality, and the plurality of exhaust fans 1 are arranged in parallel, so that a plurality of exhaust branches are formed on the mechanical exhaust pipe 17, and each exhaust branch is respectively provided with a sixth valve 2, so that the exhaust fans 1 can be put into operation in turn, and the reliability of the mechanical exhaust unit can be improved.
In this embodiment, the sixth valves 2 are preferably electric closed valves, and the exhaust fans 1 are preferably two, that is, two exhaust branches are preferably provided, and two sixth valves 2 are preferably provided on each exhaust branch, where the two sixth valves 2 are respectively located upstream and downstream of the exhaust fans 1, so as to improve reliability.
In some embodiments, the mechanical exhaust unit further comprises a chimney 5, and the chimney 5 is arranged at the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe 17, that is, the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe 17 is communicated with the atmospheric environment outside the storage through the chimney 5.
The working engineering of the nuclear facility repository waste heat leading-out ventilation system of this embodiment is described in detail below, specifically as follows:
in the normal operation condition, the first valve 10 and the second valve 13 are preferably opened, and all valves and active equipment in the mechanical ventilation system are closed, so that outdoor fresh air enters the storage warehouse only through the natural air inlet pipe 15 and is discharged through the natural air outlet pipe 14;
in the extreme dust and sand weather operation condition, the third valve 20 and the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit 8 are opened, the first valve 10 is closed, and preferably, all valves and active devices in the mechanical exhaust unit are closed, so that outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse through the mechanical air inlet unit and is discharged through the natural exhaust pipe 14.
At the operation condition of the leakage accident, fresh air can be fed into the storage warehouse through the natural air inlet unit, fresh air can be fed into the storage warehouse through the mechanical air inlet unit, fresh air can be fed into the storage warehouse through the natural air inlet unit and the mechanical air inlet unit simultaneously, meanwhile, the fourth valve 9 in the mechanical air exhaust unit, the filter 3, the exhaust fan 1 and other active devices are opened, the second valve 13 is closed, and air in the storage warehouse is exhausted through the mechanical air exhaust unit.
The nuclear facility repository waste heat leading-out ventilation system of the embodiment can be used for the nuclear facility repository waste heat leading-out ventilation method of the embodiment, waste heat of stored products can be safely led out under various working conditions, and a proper ventilation mode can be flexibly selected according to different working conditions: in normal operation conditions, for example, in normal outdoor weather such as outdoor no dust and the like, a first ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the extreme sand weather operation condition, a second ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the leakage accident operation condition, a third ventilation mode is preferably adopted. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the operation energy consumption, reduce the equipment investment cost and reduce the occupied area.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a nuclear facility storage, including a storage unit, the storage unit is provided with an air inlet duct 12 and an exhaust duct 12, further includes a nuclear facility storage waste heat derivation ventilation system described in embodiment 2, wherein:
the mechanical air inlet unit and the natural air inlet unit are communicated with the air inlet duct 11, and the mechanical air exhaust unit and the natural air exhaust unit are communicated with the air exhaust duct 12.
Specifically, a plurality of storage barrels 7 are provided in the storage unit, and various types of products 6 are stored in the respective storage barrels 7. The air inlet duct 11 is preferably arranged on the side wall of the storage unit, the air inlet duct 11 is vertically arranged, the outlet end of the mechanical air inlet duct 16 in the mechanical air inlet unit and the outlet end of the natural air inlet duct 15 in the natural air inlet unit are respectively communicated with the top inlet of the air inlet duct 11, and the bottom outlet of the air inlet duct 11 is communicated with the bottoms of the storage barrels 7. The exhaust duct 12 is arranged at the top of the storage unit and is communicated with the top of each storage barrel 7, and the mechanical air inlet pipe 16 in the mechanical air inlet unit and the natural exhaust pipe 15 in the natural air inlet unit are communicated with the storage barrels 7 through the exhaust duct 11. The mechanical exhaust pipe 17 in the mechanical exhaust unit and the natural exhaust pipe 14 in the natural exhaust unit are communicated with the exhaust duct 12.
The outdoor fresh air enters the storage barrel 7 through the air inlet duct 11 and is in direct contact with the product 6 stored in the storage barrel 7 for heat exchange, the fresh air after heat exchange (namely, the air in the storage warehouse) flows upwards through a gap between the storage barrel 7 and the stored product 6 by means of buoyancy generated by hot pressing and is converged into the exhaust duct 12, and then is exhausted through the mechanical exhaust duct 17 in the mechanical exhaust unit and/or the natural exhaust duct 14 in the natural exhaust unit.
In some embodiments, the number of storage units is a plurality. The number of the mechanical air inlet units, the natural air inlet units and the natural air exhaust units is the same as that of the storage units, and each set of mechanical air inlet units, natural air inlet units and natural air exhaust units are respectively communicated with one storage unit. The number of the mechanical exhaust units is one, and the mechanical exhaust units are respectively communicated with the exhaust channels 12 in each storage unit, namely, the plurality of storage units share one set of mechanical exhaust unit, and by controlling the opening and closing of each valve in each mechanical exhaust unit and the starting and stopping of the exhaust fan 1, a proper exhaust path can be selected for each storage unit.
In the leakage accident working condition, according to the single accident principle, only the radioactive leakage accident existing in a single storage unit is considered, namely: and closing a natural exhaust unit in the storage unit with the leakage accident, opening a fourth valve 9 corresponding to the storage unit, and simultaneously, operating the filter 3 and the exhaust fan 1 in the mechanical exhaust unit to exhaust the storage unit with the leakage accident through the mechanical exhaust unit. The other storage units without leakage accident working conditions are processed according to normal working conditions or extreme sand weather working conditions, and are not repeated here.
The nuclear facility repository of this embodiment, owing to adopted the extra nuclear facility repository waste heat to derive ventilation system in embodiment 2, can safely derive the waste heat of storage product under various operating modes to, can select suitable ventilation mode in a flexible way according to the difference of operating mode: in normal operation conditions, for example, in normal outdoor weather such as outdoor no dust and the like, a first ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the extreme sand weather operation condition, a second ventilation mode is preferably adopted; in the leakage accident operation condition, a third ventilation mode is preferably adopted. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the operation energy consumption, reduce the equipment investment cost and reduce the occupied area.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A nuclear facility repository waste heat removal ventilation method, comprising:
the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse to exchange heat in an inactive conveying mode, and air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the outdoor fresh air is sent into the storage warehouse to exchange heat in an active conveying mode, and air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in an inactive conveying mode; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
and (3) sending outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse for heat exchange in an active conveying mode or an inactive conveying mode, and discharging air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode.
2. A nuclear plant repository waste heat derivation and ventilation method according to claim 1, wherein outdoor fresh air is fed into the repository from the lower part of the repository, and air in the repository is exhausted from the top of the repository.
3. The method for exhausting and ventilating waste heat from a storage warehouse of a nuclear facility according to claim 1, wherein the height of an air inlet when the outdoor fresh air is fed into the storage warehouse in a passive transportation mode is smaller than the height of an air outlet when the air in the storage warehouse is discharged out of the storage warehouse in a passive transportation mode.
4. A nuclear facility storage warehouse waste heat leading-out ventilation system is characterized by comprising a mechanical ventilation system and a natural ventilation system,
the mechanical ventilation system comprises a mechanical air inlet unit and a mechanical air exhaust unit, wherein the mechanical air inlet unit and the mechanical air exhaust unit are respectively communicated with a storage warehouse in a nuclear facility, the mechanical air inlet unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode for heat exchange, and the mechanical air exhaust unit is used for exhausting air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in an active conveying mode;
the natural ventilation system comprises a natural air inlet unit and a natural air exhaust unit, wherein the natural air inlet unit is communicated with a storage warehouse in a nuclear facility, the natural air exhaust unit is communicated with the storage warehouse, the natural ventilation unit is used for conveying outdoor fresh air into the storage warehouse in an passive conveying mode for heat exchange, and the natural air exhaust unit is used for exhausting air in the storage warehouse out of the storage warehouse in the passive conveying mode by means of thermal buoyancy.
5. The nuclear facility repository waste heat removal and ventilation system of claim 4, wherein the natural air intake unit comprises a natural air intake duct (15) and natural air intake louvers (18),
the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe is communicated with the outdoor environment, the outlet end of the natural air inlet pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, a first valve (10) is arranged on the natural air inlet pipe, and the natural air inlet shutter is arranged at the inlet end of the natural air inlet pipe;
the natural exhaust unit comprises a natural exhaust pipe, the bottom end of the natural exhaust pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, the top end of the natural exhaust pipe is communicated with the atmosphere, and a second valve (13) is arranged on the natural exhaust pipe.
6. The nuclear facility repository waste heat removal and ventilation system of claim 5, wherein the mechanical air intake unit comprises a mechanical air intake duct (16), a fresh air filtering air conditioning unit (8), and a mechanical air intake louver (19),
the inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe is communicated with the outdoor environment, the outlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse through the fresh air filtering air conditioning unit, and a third valve (20) is arranged on the mechanical air inlet pipe;
the mechanical air inlet shutter is arranged at the inlet end of the mechanical air inlet pipe.
7. The nuclear plant repository waste heat removal and ventilation system of claim 6, wherein the mechanical exhaust unit comprises a mechanical exhaust duct (17), an exhaust fan (1), and a filter (3),
the inlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe is communicated with the storage warehouse, the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust pipe is communicated with the atmospheric environment, the exhaust fan and the filter are arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe, and a fourth valve (9) is arranged on the mechanical exhaust pipe.
8. A nuclear plant repository waste heat removal ventilation system according to claim 7, wherein the mechanical exhaust unit further comprises a chimney (5) provided at the outlet end of the mechanical exhaust duct.
9. A nuclear facility storage, comprising a storage unit provided with an air inlet duct (11) and an air outlet duct (12), characterized in that it further comprises a nuclear facility storage waste heat lead-out ventilation system according to any one of claims 4-8,
the mechanical air inlet unit and the natural air inlet unit are communicated with the air inlet duct,
the mechanical exhaust unit and the natural exhaust unit are communicated with the exhaust duct.
10. The nuclear facility repository of claim 9, wherein the number of storage units is a plurality,
the number of the mechanical air inlet units, the natural air inlet units and the natural air exhaust units is the same as that of the storage units, each set of mechanical air inlet units, natural air inlet units and natural air exhaust units are respectively communicated with one storage unit,
the number of the mechanical air exhaust units is one set, and the air exhaust channels of the mechanical air exhaust units are respectively communicated with the mechanical air exhaust units.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310125846.7A CN116246808A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Nuclear facility repository and waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310125846.7A CN116246808A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Nuclear facility repository and waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116246808A true CN116246808A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310125846.7A Pending CN116246808A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Nuclear facility repository and waste heat leading-out ventilation method and system thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116246808A (en) |
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- 2023-02-01 CN CN202310125846.7A patent/CN116246808A/en active Pending
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