CN116242719A

CN116242719A - Impact test method and system for aluminum alloy material

Info

Publication number: CN116242719A
Application number: CN202310368689.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 车永华; 李章建
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-04-10
Filing date: 2023-04-10
Publication date: 2023-06-09

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy material processing, and provides an aluminum alloy material impact test method and system. According to the invention, different aluminum alloy bodies to be tested are clamped and fixed, so that the impact test operation can be sequentially performed on the different aluminum alloy bodies through the same impact force, and the detection operation can be performed under different impact forces, so that the whole test equipment can meet the impact test under different conditions.

Description

Impact test method and system for aluminum alloy material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy material processing, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy material impact resistance test method and system.

Background

Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the crust, aluminum alloy manufactured by adding other metals into aluminum serving as a main material has various excellent performances such as light weight, environmental protection, corrosion resistance and the like, provides various convenience for us, and has good recycling characteristics. In the development and utilization of new energy, aluminum is an indispensable product which is widely used by aluminum and aluminum alloy manufactured through casting, forging, extrusion, calendaring and other processes, the specific gravity of aluminum is only one third that of steel, and industrial aluminum extrusion materials and aluminum calendaring materials are gradually replacing steel to become basic materials in the fields of transportation and construction.

Because aluminum alloy has advantages such as corrosion resistance, easy processing, high strength, density are little, from automobile engine, wheel hub, automobile body, high-speed railway automobile body, mechanical equipment and power equipment etc. to daily necessities, aluminum alloy's use is increasing constantly. When the aluminum alloy product is produced, impact test treatment is needed to detect whether the quality of the aluminum alloy reaches the standard or not.

To be searched, an impact test apparatus of patent publication No. CN115371930a, comprising: test frame, hoisting mechanism, impact mechanism and measuring mechanism. The test machine frame is provided with a lifting mechanism, the impact mechanism is detachably connected with the lifting mechanism, the measuring mechanism is provided with a supporting surface, the supporting surface is positioned right below the impact mechanism and used for supporting a test sample, and the measuring mechanism is used for collecting test data when the impact mechanism impacts the test sample. The locking mechanism is arranged on the test stand and is switchable between a locking state and a releasing state, and in the locking state, the locking mechanism is connected with the impact mechanism, or at least part of the locking mechanism is positioned on the lower side of the impact mechanism and used for limiting the downward displacement of the impact mechanism; in the released state, the locking mechanism does not interfere with the impact mechanism. The following disadvantages exist: when the impact test is performed on the aluminum alloy material, detection operation is required to be performed under different impact forces, but the impact forces cannot be well adjusted in the prior art, so that the impact efficiency is low, the detection effect is poor, and therefore, the design of the impact test method and the impact test system for the aluminum alloy material is needed to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an aluminum alloy material impact resistance test system, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.

The invention is realized in such a way, an aluminum alloy material impact resistance test system comprises a supporting frame, wherein the top of the supporting frame is in an inclined plane shape, a limiting plate is fixed at the bottom end of the inclined plane of the supporting frame, a first supporting component is arranged at the inner wall of one end of the supporting frame, which is close to the limiting plate, an aluminum alloy body is placed at the top of the first supporting component and one side of the limiting plate, mounting holes are formed in two sides of the top end of the inclined plane of the supporting frame, the inner wall of the mounting holes is connected with a mounting shaft through a bearing, a swinging frame is fixed in the middle of the outer wall of the mounting shaft, a swinging mechanism is arranged at the top of the swinging frame and the outer wall of the other end of the supporting frame, a mounting groove is formed in one end of the bottom of the swinging frame, an impact cylinder is fixedly arranged at the inner wall of the mounting groove, a socket is formed in the top of the impact cylinder, a pull rod is inserted in the inner wall of the socket, a piston disc is fixed at the bottom end of the pull rod, a sealing piston sleeve is fixedly attached to the circumferential inner wall of the impact cylinder, a water injection pipe is fixedly provided with a valve, one side of the impact cylinder is provided with a liquid level detection port, and a liquid level detection port is fixedly provided with a scale mark on the inner wall of the impact cylinder;

the inclined plane department of carriage is provided with the second supporting component that is used for the aluminum alloy body.

Still further, first supporting component includes the mount pad of fixed mounting in carriage bottom inner wall one end, and the equipment mouth has been seted up at the top of mount pad, and the inner wall fixed mounting of equipment mouth has pressure detector, and pressure detector's top fixed mounting has the backup pad of laminating at carriage one end inner wall, and the backup pad sets up to the slope form, and the inclination of backup pad is the same with the inclination of carriage inclined plane department, the top at the backup pad is placed to the aluminum alloy body.

Still further, the second supporting component is including seting up the guide way at carriage both sides top, and the guide way sets up to the slope form, and the inclination of guide way is the same with the inclination of carriage inclined plane department, two the equal sliding connection of inner wall of guide way has the movable rod, and the opposite side both ends of two movable rods all are fixed with the support column, the perforation has all been seted up at the top both ends of two support columns, L type guide bar has all been pegged graft to the inner wall of four jacks, the opposite end of two adjacent L type guide bars has same compression roller through the round pin hub connection, the aluminum alloy body is in between compression roller and the support column, one of them be provided with position control subassembly between the opposite side of movable rod and the one side outer wall of carriage.

Still further, the bottom of L type guide bar all is fixed with the spacing dish, and is fixed with the spring between the bottom of the top of spacing dish and support column.

Furthermore, a connecting rod is fixed between the opposite sides of the two opposite L-shaped guide rods, and a handle frame is fixed at the middle position of the top of the connecting rod.

Still further, the position control subassembly includes the U type sloping of fixed mounting at supporting frame one side outer wall, and the gradient of U type sloping is the same with the gradient of guide way, and the inner wall rotation of U type sloping is connected with the threaded rod, and the top fixed mounting of U type sloping has the positive and negative rotation motor that is used for driving the threaded rod rotation, the outer wall spiro union of threaded rod has the removal cover piece, and is fixed with L type connecting block between the top of removal cover piece and one side of one of them movable rod.

Still further, swing mechanism includes the hoist engine of fixed mounting in the outer wall bottom of the supporting frame other end, and the inside of hoist engine and the top of swing frame are provided with the haulage rope, the top both ends of supporting frame all are fixed with the curb plate, and are fixed with the connecting axle between the opposite sides of curb plate, and the outer wall intermediate position rotation of connecting axle is connected with the leading wheel, and the haulage rope is laid at the top of leading wheel.

Furthermore, a scale ring is fixed at the top of one side of the supporting frame, the circle center position of the scale ring coincides with the circle center position of the mounting hole, and a guide needle corresponding to the scale ring is fixed at one end of the mounting shaft.

Furthermore, a controller is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one side of the supporting frame, the controller is electrically connected with the forward and reverse rotating motor, the winch and the pressure detector, and braking universal wheels are fixedly arranged at four corners of the bottom of the supporting frame.

An aluminum alloy material impact test method adopts an aluminum alloy material impact test system, and comprises the following steps:

s1, placing an aluminum alloy body on a supporting plate on a first supporting component, driving a threaded rod to rotate by utilizing a controller and a forward and backward rotating motor in a position adjusting component, adjusting the position of a movable sleeve block on the threaded rod, adjusting the position of a movable rod in a guide groove, and adjusting the positions of a supporting column, an L-shaped guide rod, a pressing roller, a connecting rod and a handle frame, so that the two supporting columns are attached to two ends of the bottom of the aluminum alloy body, and adjusting the tightness of the pressing roller and a spring through the handle frame, so that the pressing roller is pressed on the top of the aluminum alloy body under the telescopic action of the spring, thereby clamping and fixing different aluminum alloy bodies to be tested;

s2, during detection, a winch in the swing mechanism is utilized to loosen a traction rope, the swing frame and the impact cylinder are driven to fall under the influence of gravity of the swing frame and the impact cylinder, so that the impact cylinder can strike the top of the aluminum alloy body, impact test operation can be sequentially carried out on different aluminum alloy bodies through the same impact force, and the impact force is detected through the pressure detector;

s3, adjusting the heights of the pull rod, the piston disc and the sealing piston sleeve, increasing the volume inside the impact cylinder, injecting water into the impact cylinder through the water injection pipe, increasing the gravity of the whole impact cylinder, changing the impact force of striking the aluminum alloy body, and performing detection operation under different impact forces when performing impact test on the aluminum alloy material;

s4, adjusting the traction rope, the mounting shaft and the guide pin to rotate through the winch, adjusting the inclination angle of the swing frame and the impact cylinder, changing the swing amplitude of the impact assembly during impact test, and accurately adjusting the swing amplitude through the guide pin and the scale ring, so that the whole test equipment meets the impact test under different conditions.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the positions of the support columns, the L-shaped guide rods, the press rollers, the connecting rods and the handle frames are adjusted, so that the two support columns are attached to two ends of the bottom of the aluminum alloy body, the tightness of the press rollers and the springs is adjusted through the handle frames, the press rollers are pressed at the top of the aluminum alloy body under the telescopic action of the springs, so that different aluminum alloy bodies to be tested are clamped and fixed, the impact cylinder and the swing frame are driven to fall under the influence of gravity of the swing frame and the impact cylinder, the impact cylinder can be made to strike the top of the aluminum alloy body, and then impact test operation can be sequentially carried out on different aluminum alloy bodies through the same impact force, and the impact force is detected through the pressure detector; moreover, accessible pull rod adjusts the height of piston disc and sealed piston sleeve, increase the inside volume of impact section of thick bamboo, carry out the water injection through the inside of water injection pipe to impact section of thick bamboo, increase the gravity of whole impact section of thick bamboo, change the impact force of striking aluminum alloy body, when carrying out impact test to aluminum alloy material, accessible hoist engine adjusts haulage rope and installation axle and guide pin rotation, adjust the inclination of swing frame and impact section of thick bamboo, impact assembly's swing range when changing impact test, and accurately adjust swing range through guide pin and scale circle, make whole test equipment satisfy the impact test under different conditions.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure detector and the guide groove of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the threaded rod and the movable sleeve block of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the L-shaped guide rod and the spring of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting shaft and guide pin structure of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an impact cylinder of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure detector and the support plate of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a support frame; 2. a U-shaped inclined frame; 3. a limiting plate; 4. an aluminum alloy body; 5. a press roller; 6. an impact cylinder; 7. a swing frame; 8. a traction rope; 9. a connecting shaft; 10. a guide wheel; 11. a side plate; 12. a scale ring; 13. a forward and reverse rotation motor; 14. a controller; 15. a mounting base; 16. a support column; 17. a hoist; 18. a pressure detector; 19. a support plate; 20. a guide groove; 21. a mounting hole; 22. a threaded rod; 23. moving the sleeve block; 24. a movable rod; 25. a handle frame; 26. a connecting rod; 27. an L-shaped guide rod; 28. a limiting disc; 29. a spring; 30. a mounting groove; 31. a mounting shaft; 32. a guide pin; 33. a piston disc; 34. sealing the piston sleeve; 35. a pull rod; 36. a scale bar; 37. and a water injection pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In order to effectively explain the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present application are explained in detail below with reference to the figures.

Referring to fig. 1-8, an aluminum alloy material impact test system comprises a supporting frame 1, wherein the top of the supporting frame 1 is provided with an inclined plane, a limiting plate 3 is fixed at the bottom end of the inclined plane of the supporting frame 1, a first supporting component is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the supporting frame 1, which is close to the limiting plate 3, an aluminum alloy body 4 is arranged on one side of the top of the first supporting component and the limiting plate 3, mounting holes 21 are formed on two sides of the top end of the inclined plane of the supporting frame 1, the inner wall of the mounting holes 21 is connected with a mounting shaft 31 through bearings, a swinging frame 7 is fixed in the middle position of the outer wall of the mounting shaft 31, a swinging mechanism is arranged on the top of the swinging frame 7 and the outer wall of the other end of the supporting frame 1, a mounting groove 30 is formed at one end of the bottom of the swinging frame 7, an impact cylinder 6 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the mounting groove 30, a socket is formed on the top of the impact cylinder 6, the inner wall of the socket is inserted with a pull rod 35, the bottom end of the pull rod 35 is fixed with a piston disc 33, the surface of the piston disc 33 is fixed with a sealing piston sleeve 34 attached to the circumferential inner wall of the impact cylinder 6, the bottom of one end of the impact cylinder 6 is fixed with a water injection pipe 37, the water injection pipe 37 is provided with a valve, one side of the impact cylinder 6 is provided with a liquid level detection port, the inner wall of the liquid level detection port is fixed with a scale bar 36, different aluminum alloy bodies 4 can be subjected to impact test operation sequentially by the same impact force, the gravity of the whole impact cylinder 6 can be increased, the impact force of the impact aluminum alloy body 4 can be changed, the detection operation can be performed under different impact forces when the impact test is performed on the aluminum alloy materials, the swing amplitude of an impact assembly during the impact test can be changed, the swing amplitude can be accurately regulated by the guide needle 32 and the scale ring 12, so that the whole test equipment meets the impact resistance test under different conditions;

the inclined plane of the support frame 1 is provided with a second support component for the aluminum alloy body 4.

Further, first supporting component is including mount pad 15 of fixed mounting in 1 bottom inner wall one end of braced frame, and equipment mouth has been seted up at the top of mount pad 15, the inner wall fixed mounting of equipment mouth has pressure detector 18, the top fixed mounting of pressure detector 18 has the backup pad 19 of laminating at 1 one end inner wall of braced frame, backup pad 19 sets up to the slope form, the inclination of backup pad 19 is the same with the inclination of braced frame 1 inclined plane department, aluminum alloy body 4 is placed at the top of backup pad 19, support processing is carried out aluminum alloy body 4 through first supporting component, and detect the operation through pressure detector 18 to this impact force.

Further, the second supporting component is including seting up the guide way 20 at the 1 both sides top of carriage, and the guide way 20 sets up to the slope form, the inclination of guide way 20 is the same with the inclination of 1 inclined plane department of carriage, the equal sliding connection of inner wall of two guide ways 20 has movable rod 24, and the opposite side both ends of two movable rods 24 all are fixed with support column 16, the perforation has all been seted up at the top both ends of two support columns 16, L type guide bar 27 has all been pegged graft to the inner wall of four jacks, the opposite end of two adjacent L type guide bars 27 has same compression roller 5 through the round pin hub connection, aluminum alloy body 4 is in between compression roller 5 and the support column 16, be provided with position adjustment subassembly between the opposite side of one of the movable rod 24 and the one side outer wall of carriage 1.

Further, a limiting disc 28 is fixed at the bottom of the L-shaped guide rod 27, and a spring 29 is fixed between the top of the limiting disc 28 and the bottom of the support column 16.

Further, a connecting rod 26 is fixed between opposite sides of the two opposite L-shaped guide rods 27, a handle frame 25 is fixed in the middle of the top of the connecting rod 26, the heights of the connecting rod 26, the L-shaped guide rods 27 and the compression roller 5 are adjusted through the handle frame 25, the springs 29 are contracted, the aluminum alloy body 4 is convenient to move to the bottom of the compression roller 5, and accordingly the aluminum alloy body 4 can be compressed under the tensioning action of the springs 29, and the stability of the aluminum alloy material in an impact test is maintained.

Further, position adjustment subassembly includes fixed mounting at U type sloping frame 2 of supporting frame 1 one side outer wall, and the gradient of U type sloping frame 2 is the same with the gradient of guide way 20, the inner wall rotation of U type sloping frame 2 is connected with threaded rod 22, the top fixed mounting of U type sloping frame 2 has the positive and negative rotation motor 13 that is used for driving threaded rod 22 rotatory, the outer wall spiro union of threaded rod 22 has movable sleeve piece 23, and be fixed with L type connecting block between the top of movable sleeve piece 23 and one side of one of them movable rod 24, adjust the position of second supporting component through position adjustment subassembly, can make the second supporting component remove the bottom of aluminum alloy body 4, be convenient for carry out support treatment to aluminum alloy body 4.

Further, the swing mechanism comprises a winch 17 fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the other end of the supporting frame 1, a traction rope 8 is arranged between the inside of the winch 17 and the top of the swing frame 7, side plates 11 are fixed at two ends of the top of the supporting frame 1, a connecting shaft 9 is fixed between opposite sides of the side plates 11, a guide wheel 10 is rotatably connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the connecting shaft 9, and the traction rope 8 is paved at the top of the guide wheel 10.

Further, a scale ring 12 is fixed at the top of one side of the supporting frame 1, the circle center position of the scale ring 12 coincides with the circle center position of the mounting hole 21, a guide needle 32 corresponding to the scale ring 12 is fixed at one end of the mounting shaft 31, and the swing amplitude is accurately adjusted through the guide needle 32 and the scale ring 12, so that the whole test equipment meets the impact resistance test under different conditions.

Further, a controller 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the supporting frame 1, the controller 14 is electrically connected with the forward and reverse rotation motor 13, the winch 17 and the pressure detector 18, and braking universal wheels are fixedly installed at four corners of the bottom of the supporting frame 1.

s1, placing an aluminum alloy body 4 on a supporting plate 19 on a first supporting component, driving a threaded rod 22 to rotate by utilizing a controller 14 and a forward and backward rotation motor 13 in a position adjusting component, adjusting the position of a movable sleeve block 23 on the threaded rod 22, adjusting the position of a movable rod 24 in a guide groove 20, adjusting the positions of a supporting column 16, an L-shaped guide rod 27, a pressing roller 5, a connecting rod 26 and a handle frame 25, enabling the two supporting columns 16 to be attached to two ends of the bottom of the aluminum alloy body 4, adjusting the tightness of the pressing roller 5 and a spring 29 through the handle frame 25, enabling the pressing roller 5 to be pressed on the top of the aluminum alloy body 4 under the telescopic action of the spring 29, and accordingly clamping and fixing different aluminum alloy bodies 4 to be tested;

s2, during detection, a winch 17 in the swinging mechanism is utilized to loosen a traction rope 8, the swinging frame 7 and the impact cylinder 6 are driven to fall under the influence of gravity of the swinging frame 6, so that the impact cylinder 6 can strike the top of the aluminum alloy body 4, and impact test operation can be sequentially carried out on different aluminum alloy bodies 4 through the same impact force, and the impact force is detected through a pressure detector 18;

s3, adjusting the height of the piston disc 33 and the sealing piston sleeve 34 by adjusting the pull rod 35, increasing the volume inside the impact cylinder 6, injecting water into the impact cylinder 6 through the water injection pipe 37, increasing the gravity of the whole impact cylinder 6, changing the impact force of striking the aluminum alloy body 4, and performing detection operation under different impact forces when performing impact test on the aluminum alloy material;

s4, the traction rope 8, the mounting shaft 31 and the guide pin 32 can be adjusted through the winch 17 to rotate, the inclination angles of the swinging frame 7 and the impact cylinder 6 are adjusted, the swinging amplitude of the impact assembly during impact test is changed, and the swinging amplitude is accurately adjusted through the guide pin 32 and the scale ring 12, so that the whole test equipment meets the impact test under different conditions.

The last points to be described are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be mechanical or electrical, or may be a direct connection between two elements, and "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc. are merely used to indicate relative positional relationships, which may be changed when the absolute position of the object being described is changed;

secondly: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are referred to, and other structures can refer to the common design, so that the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict;

finally: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an aluminum alloy material impact test system, includes braced frame (1), its characterized in that, the top of braced frame (1) sets up to the inclined plane form, and the inclined plane department bottom mounting of braced frame (1) has limiting plate (3), and the one end inner wall that braced frame (1) is close to limiting plate (3) is provided with first supporting component, and aluminum alloy body (4) have been placed with one side of limiting plate (3) in the top of first supporting component; the inclined plane of the supporting frame (1) is provided with a second supporting component for the aluminum alloy body (4).

2. The aluminum alloy material impact test system according to claim 1, wherein mounting holes (21) are formed in two sides of the top end of the inclined plane of the supporting frame (1), and the inner wall of the mounting holes (21) is connected with a mounting shaft (31) through a bearing.

3. The aluminum alloy material impact test system according to claim 2, wherein a swinging frame (7) is fixed in the middle of the outer wall of the mounting shaft (31), a swinging mechanism is arranged on the top of the swinging frame (7) and the outer wall of the other end of the supporting frame (1), a mounting groove (30) is formed in one end of the bottom of the swinging frame (7), and an impact cylinder (6) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting groove (30).

4. An aluminum alloy material impact test system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a socket is formed in the top of the impact cylinder (6), a pull rod (35) is inserted into the inner wall of the socket, a piston disc (33) is fixed at the bottom end of the pull rod (35), a sealing piston sleeve (34) attached to the circumferential inner wall of the impact cylinder (6) is fixed on the surface of the piston disc (33), a water injection pipe (37) is fixed at the bottom of one end of the impact cylinder (6), a valve is arranged on the water injection pipe (37), a liquid level detection port is formed in one side of the impact cylinder (6), and a scale bar (36) is fixed on the inner wall of the liquid level detection port; the first support component comprises a mounting seat (15) fixedly mounted at one end of the inner wall of the bottom of the support frame (1), an equipment opening is formed in the top of the mounting seat (15), a pressure detector (18) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the equipment opening, a support plate (19) attached to the inner wall of one end of the support frame (1) is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure detector (18), the support plate (19) is inclined, the inclination angle of the support plate (19) is the same as that of the inclined surface of the support frame (1), and the aluminum alloy body (4) is placed on the top of the support plate (19); the second support component comprises guide grooves (20) formed in the tops of two sides of the support frame (1), the guide grooves (20) are inclined, the inclination angles of the guide grooves (20) are identical to those of the inclined surfaces of the support frame (1), movable rods (24) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two guide grooves (20), support columns (16) are fixedly arranged at two opposite ends of the two movable rods (24), through holes are formed in the two ends of the tops of the two support columns (16), L-shaped guide rods (27) are inserted into the inner walls of the four insertion holes, the same press roller (5) is connected to the opposite ends of the two adjacent L-shaped guide rods (27) through pin shafts, an aluminum alloy body (4) is located between the press roller (5) and the support column (16), and a position adjusting component is arranged between the other side of one movable rod (24) and one outer wall of the support frame (1); the bottom of L type guide bar (27) all is fixed with spacing dish (28), and is fixed with spring (29) between the bottom of the top of spacing dish (28) and support column (16).

5. An aluminium alloy material impact test system according to claim 4, wherein a connecting rod (26) is fixed between opposite sides of the two L-shaped guide rods (27), and a handle frame (25) is fixed at a top intermediate position of the connecting rod (26).

6. The aluminum alloy material impact test system according to claim 5, wherein the position adjusting assembly comprises a U-shaped inclined frame (2) fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the supporting frame (1), the inclination of the U-shaped inclined frame (2) is the same as that of the guide groove (20), a threaded rod (22) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped inclined frame (2), a forward and reverse rotating motor (13) for driving the threaded rod (22) to rotate is fixedly installed at the top end of the U-shaped inclined frame (2), a movable sleeve block (23) is screwed to the outer wall of the threaded rod (22), and an L-shaped connecting block is fixed between the top of the movable sleeve block (23) and one side of one movable rod (24); the swing mechanism comprises a winch (17) fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the other end of the supporting frame (1), a traction rope (8) is arranged between the inside of the winch (17) and the top of the swing frame (7), side plates (11) are fixed at two ends of the top of the supporting frame (1), connecting shafts (9) are fixed between opposite sides of the side plates (11), guide wheels (10) are rotatably connected to the middle positions of the outer walls of the connecting shafts (9), and the traction rope (8) is paved at the tops of the guide wheels (10).

7. An aluminum alloy material impact resistance test system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a scale ring (12) is fixed at the top of one side of the supporting frame (1), the circle center position of the scale ring (12) coincides with the circle center position of the mounting hole (21), and a guide needle (32) corresponding to the position of the scale ring (12) is fixed at one end of the mounting shaft (31).

8. The aluminum alloy material impact test system according to claim 7, wherein a controller (14) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one side of the supporting frame (1), the controller (14) is electrically connected with a forward and reverse rotation motor (13), a winch (17) and a pressure detector (18), and brake universal wheels are fixedly arranged at four corners of the bottom of the supporting frame (1).

9. An impact test method for an aluminum alloy material, which adopts the impact test system for an aluminum alloy material according to claim 8, comprising the following steps:

s1, placing an aluminum alloy body (4) on a supporting plate (19) on a first supporting component, driving a threaded rod (22) to rotate by utilizing a controller (14) and a positive and negative rotation motor (13) in a position adjusting component, adjusting the position of a movable sleeve block (23) on the threaded rod (22), adjusting the position of a movable rod (24) in a guide groove (20), adjusting the positions of a supporting column (16), an L-shaped guide rod (27), a pressing roller (5), a connecting rod (26) and a handle frame (25), enabling the two supporting columns (16) to be attached to two ends of the bottom of the aluminum alloy body (4), and adjusting the tightness of the pressing roller (5) and a spring (29) through the handle frame (25), so that the pressing roller (5) is pressed on the top of the aluminum alloy body (4) under the telescopic action of the spring (29), and accordingly clamping and fixing different aluminum alloy bodies (4) to be tested;

s2, during detection, a winch (17) in the swinging mechanism is utilized to loosen a traction rope (8), the swinging frame (7) and the impact cylinder (6) are driven to fall under the influence of gravity of the swinging frame (6) and the swinging frame (7), so that the impact cylinder (6) can strike the top of the aluminum alloy body (4), impact test operation can be sequentially carried out on different aluminum alloy bodies (4) through the same impact force, and the impact force is detected through a pressure detector (18);

s3, adjusting the height of a piston disc (33) and a sealing piston sleeve (34) by adjusting a pull rod (35), increasing the volume inside the impact cylinder (6), injecting water into the impact cylinder (6) through a water injection pipe (37), increasing the gravity of the whole impact cylinder (6), changing the impact force of striking the aluminum alloy body (4), and performing detection operation under different impact forces when performing impact test on the aluminum alloy material;

s4, the traction rope (8) and the mounting shaft (31) can be adjusted through the winch (17) and the guide needle (32) can rotate, the inclination angles of the swinging frame (7) and the impact cylinder (6) can be adjusted, the swinging amplitude of the impact assembly during impact test can be changed, and the swinging amplitude can be accurately adjusted through the guide needle (32) and the scale ring (12), so that the whole test equipment can meet the impact test under different conditions.