CN116241861A - Thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation - Google Patents

Thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116241861A
CN116241861A CN202310254117.1A CN202310254117A CN116241861A CN 116241861 A CN116241861 A CN 116241861A CN 202310254117 A CN202310254117 A CN 202310254117A CN 116241861 A CN116241861 A CN 116241861A
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China
Prior art keywords
low
outlet end
side passage
pressure
steam
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CN202310254117.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王东晔
马汀山
居文平
常东锋
王伟
雒青
张建元
耿如意
祁文玉
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310254117.1A priority Critical patent/CN116241861A/en
Publication of CN116241861A publication Critical patent/CN116241861A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
    • F22G1/02—Steam superheating characterised by heating method with heat supply by hot flue gases from the furnace of the steam boiler
    • F22G1/04—Steam superheating characterised by heating method with heat supply by hot flue gases from the furnace of the steam boiler by diverting flow or hot flue gases to separate superheaters operating in reheating cycle, e.g. for reheating steam between a high-pressure turbine stage and an intermediate turbine stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes a thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation, comprising: a boiler; the steam inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler, and the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of reheat steam of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the pressure reducing device is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device; the steam inlet end of the switch device is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device; and the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the switch device. In the thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation, the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system is reduced, the whole energy consumption is reduced, the thermodynamic system can stably operate in a low-load state, and the deep peak shaving requirement is met.

Description

Thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of thermodynamic systems, and more particularly to a thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation.
Background
The thermodynamic system of the thermal power plant is an integral body formed by connecting thermodynamic equipment such as a boiler, a steam turbine and the like in a certain sequence through a steam pipeline, and generally comprises a steam intermediate reheating system, a water supply and heat recovery system, an external heat supply system, a bypass system and other subsystems which have different functions and interact and coordinate to ensure the safety, economy and flexibility of the operation of the thermodynamic system.
Along with the power generation application of clean energy sources such as wind power, solar energy and the like, the power generation capacity of the clean energy sources is also larger and larger, so that the deep peak regulation capacity of the thermodynamic system is required to be improved to match with the high power generation capacity of the clean energy sources, wherein when the thermodynamic system deeply regulates the peak, the steam flow of a low-pressure cylinder is smaller due to a low-load state, so that the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system is larger, the whole energy consumption is higher, the deep peak regulation capacity of the thermodynamic system is insufficient, and the deep peak regulation capacity of the thermodynamic system is difficult to adapt to the large power generation capacity of the clean energy sources.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
To this end, it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation.
To achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation, comprising: a boiler; the steam inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler, and the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of reheat steam of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the pressure reducing device is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device; the steam inlet end of the switch device is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device; the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the switching device; and the power input end of the generator is connected with the power output ends of the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder, the first low-pressure cylinder and the second low-pressure cylinder.
Optionally, the pressure reducing device includes: the steam inlet end of the pressure reducer is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler; the steam inlet end of the first regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducer, and the steam outlet end of the first regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam inlet end of the switching device.
Optionally, the switching device includes: the steam inlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, and the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder; the steam inlet end of the third regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, and the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder; wherein the second regulating valve is connected in parallel with the third regulating valve.
Optionally, the thermodynamic system further comprises: the hot side passage steam inlet end of the condenser is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage of the condenser is used for introducing cooling water; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder, the hot side passage water outlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the hot side passage water inlet end of the condenser, and the cold side passage water inlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the hot side passage water outlet end of the condenser; the steam inlet end of the deaerator is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium pressure cylinder, and the water inlet end of the deaerator is connected with the water outlet end of the cold side passage of the low pressure heating component; the high-pressure heating assembly is characterized in that a hot side passage steam inlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder and a steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, a hot side passage water outlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a water inlet end of the deaerator, a cold side passage water inlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a water outlet end of the deaerator, and a cold side passage water outlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a main steam water inlet end of the boiler.
Optionally, the low pressure heating assembly includes: the hot side passage steam inlet end of the first low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the first low-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet end of the deaerator; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the second low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the first low-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the second low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the first low-pressure heater; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the third low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the second low-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the third low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the second low-pressure heater; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the third low-pressure heater, the hot side passage water outlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the hot side passage water inlet end of the condenser, the cold side passage water inlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the hot side passage water outlet end of the condenser, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the third low-pressure heater.
Optionally, the low pressure heating assembly further comprises: the liquid inlet end of the buffer tank is connected with the water outlet end of the hot side passage of the first low-pressure heater and the water outlet end of the hot side passage of the second low-pressure heater; the water inlet end of the first pump body is connected with the water outlet end of the buffer tank, and the water outlet end of the first pump body is connected with the water inlet end of the cold side passage of the first low-pressure heater.
Optionally, the high pressure heating assembly includes: the hot side passage steam inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater is connected with the main steam inlet end of the boiler; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater; the hot side passage steam inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the middle pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater, the hot side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet end of the deaerator, the cold side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the water outlet end of the deaerator.
Optionally, the hot side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the hot side passage water inlet end of the first low-pressure heater.
Optionally, the thermodynamic system further comprises: a low temperature tank; the electric energy input end of the electric heater is connected with the electric energy output end of the generator, and the liquid inlet end of the electric heater is connected with the liquid outlet end of the low-temperature tank; the liquid outlet end of the high-temperature tank is connected with the liquid inlet end of the low-temperature tank.
Optionally, the thermodynamic system further comprises: the hot side passage liquid inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid outlet end of the high temperature tank, the hot side passage liquid outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid inlet end of the low temperature tank, the cold side passage water inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the main steam water inlet end of the boiler, and the cold side passage steam outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler.
The technical scheme provided by the disclosure can comprise the following beneficial effects:
the steam released by the pressure reducing device is used for supplying steam to the first low-pressure cylinder and the second low-pressure cylinder, so that the steam flow in the first low-pressure cylinder and the second low-pressure cylinder is improved, the through-flow efficiency of the first low-pressure cylinder and the second low-pressure cylinder is greatly improved, when the thermodynamic system is in a low-load state, the switching device is closed, the second low-pressure cylinder stops running, and the steam output by the middle-pressure cylinder and the pressure reducing device is concentrated in the first low-pressure cylinder, so that the through-flow efficiency of the first low-pressure cylinder is greatly improved. Therefore, the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system is reduced, the whole energy consumption is reduced, the thermodynamic system can stably operate in a low-load state, and the deep peak shaving requirement is met.
Additional aspects and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
as shown in the figure: 1. the boiler, 2, the high pressure cylinder, 3, the medium pressure cylinder, 4, the first low pressure cylinder, 5, the second low pressure cylinder, 6, the generator, 7, the pressure reducer, 8, the first governing valve, 9, the second governing valve, 10, the third governing valve, 11, the condenser, 12, the deaerator, 13, the first low pressure heater, 14, the second low pressure heater, 15, the third low pressure heater, 16, the fourth low pressure heater, 17, the buffer tank, 18, the first pump body, 19, the fifth high pressure heater, 20, the sixth high pressure heater, 21, the seventh high pressure heater, 22, the low temperature tank, 23, the electric heater, 24, the high temperature tank, 25, the heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure. On the contrary, the embodiments of the disclosure include all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the disclosure proposes a thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation, including a boiler 1, a high-pressure cylinder 2, a middle-pressure cylinder 3, a pressure reducing device, a first low-pressure cylinder 4, a switching device, a second low-pressure cylinder 5 and a generator 6, wherein the inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler 1, the outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler 1, the inlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3 is connected with the reheat steam outlet end of the boiler 1, the inlet end of the pressure reducing device is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler 1, the inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 is connected with the outlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3 and the outlet end of the pressure reducing device, the inlet end of the switching device is connected with the outlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3, the inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder 5 is connected with the outlet end of the switching device, and the power input end of the generator 6 is connected with the power output ends of the high-pressure cylinder 2, the middle-pressure cylinder 3, the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5.
It can be understood that the boiler 1 heats water into main steam through fuel combustion, the main steam enters the high-pressure cylinder 2 to do work, the steam after the work in the high-pressure cylinder 2 enters the boiler 1 to heat into reheat steam, the reheat steam enters the middle-pressure cylinder 3 to do work, the steam after the work in the middle-pressure cylinder 3 enters the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 to do work, and therefore, the steam drives the generator 6 to generate electricity after the work is sequentially done in the high-pressure cylinder 2, the middle-pressure cylinder 3 and the low-pressure cylinder to convey electric energy outwards.
The pressure reducing device is used for reducing temperature and pressure of main steam of the boiler 1 and then releasing the main steam so as to coordinate balance between steam output of the boiler 1 and steam consumption of the high-pressure cylinder 2, thereby guaranteeing the integral stable operation of the thermodynamic system, and simultaneously, utilizing the steam released by the pressure reducing device to supply steam for the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 so as to improve steam flow in the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5, greatly improve the through-flow efficiency of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5, further reduce the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system, reduce the integral energy consumption, enable the thermodynamic system to stably operate in a low-load state and meet the deep peak regulation requirement.
The switch device is used for controlling the on-off of the second low pressure cylinder 5, the middle pressure cylinder 3 and the pressure reducing device, when the thermodynamic system is in normal operation, the switch device is turned on, so that the pressure reducing device and the middle pressure cylinder 3 supply steam for the first low pressure cylinder 4 and the second low pressure cylinder 5 at the same time, the requirements of power generation and the like are met, when the thermodynamic system is in a low load state, the switch device is turned off, so that the second low pressure cylinder 5 stops operating, and steam output by the middle pressure cylinder 3 and the pressure reducing device is concentrated in the first low pressure cylinder 4, so that the through-flow efficiency of the first low pressure cylinder 4 is greatly improved, further the loss of last stages of the thermodynamic system is reduced, the whole energy consumption is reduced, the thermodynamic system can stably operate in the low load state, and the deep peak regulation requirement is met.
It should be noted that, the thermodynamic system power generation can be used in combination with the clean energy power generation, when the clean energy power generation is larger, the power generation requirement on the thermodynamic system is smaller, and the thermodynamic system is limited by the low-load stable combustion of the boiler 1, so that the thermodynamic system is required to enter a low-load state, namely deep peak shaving, at the moment, the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system can be caused due to the problems of bypass heat loss and low-pressure cylinder flow reduction, and the exhaust steam of the pressure reducing device is discharged into the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 for utilization, so that the loss of bypass heat is reduced, the flow of the low-pressure cylinder is improved, the overall energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the deep peak shaving requirement of the thermodynamic system is met.
Wherein, low load refers to the thermodynamic system being under 20% load.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the pressure reducing device includes a pressure reducer 7 and a first regulating valve 8, wherein the steam inlet end of the pressure reducer 7 is connected to the main steam outlet end of the boiler 1, the steam inlet end of the first regulating valve 8 is connected to the steam outlet end of the pressure reducer 7, and the steam outlet end of the first regulating valve 8 is connected to the steam inlet end of the first low pressure cylinder 4 and the steam inlet end of the switching device.
It can be understood that when the main steam output by the boiler 1 is not in coordination with the main steam required by the high-pressure cylinder 2, the pressure reducer 7 discharges redundant main steam into the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 after reducing the temperature and the pressure, so that the stable operation of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is ensured, the steam flow in the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 is improved, the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system is further reduced, the whole energy consumption is reduced, the thermodynamic system can stably operate in a low-load state, and the deep peak regulation requirement is met.
The steam flow from the pressure reducer 7 to the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 can be controlled through the arrangement of the first regulating valve 8, so that the steam flow in the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 can meet the deep peak regulation requirement of the thermodynamic system, and the thermodynamic system can be enabled to have higher flexibility while stable operation of the thermodynamic system is ensured.
It should be noted that, the pressure reducer 7 includes two steam outlet ends, one steam outlet end is connected to the steam inlet end of the first regulating valve 8, and the other steam outlet end is connected to the steam using device or the external space, where the specific type of the pressure reducer 7 may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited.
The specific type of the first regulating valve 8 can be set according to actual needs, and the first regulating valve 8 can be an electric regulating valve by way of example; the first regulating valve 8 may be a manual regulating valve.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the switching device includes a second regulating valve 9 and a third regulating valve 10, where the steam inlet end of the second regulating valve 9 is connected to the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve 9 is connected to the steam inlet end of the second low pressure cylinder 5, the steam inlet end of the third regulating valve 10 is connected to the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, and the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve 9 is connected to the steam inlet end of the second low pressure cylinder 5, where the second regulating valve 9 is connected in parallel with the third regulating valve 10.
It can be understood that through the cooperation of the second regulating valve 9 and the third regulating valve 10, not only can the on-off between the pressure reducing device and the second low pressure cylinder 5 be controlled, the second low pressure cylinder 5 stops running, and the steam output by the middle pressure cylinder 3 and the pressure reducing device is concentrated in the first low pressure cylinder 4, so that the loss of the last stages of the thermodynamic system is reduced, the whole energy consumption is reduced, the thermodynamic system can stably run in a low-load state, the deep peak regulation requirement is met, but also the steam flow between the pressure reducing device and the second low pressure cylinder 5 can be regulated, and the thermodynamic system can be ensured to stably run and simultaneously has higher flexibility.
It should be noted that the specific types of the second regulating valve 9 and the third regulating valve 10 may be set according to actual needs, and the second regulating valve 9 and the third regulating valve 10 may be electric regulating valves by way of example; the second and third regulating valves 9, 10 may be manual regulating valves.
Wherein the second regulating valve 9 can be used for fine adjustment of the steam flow between the pressure reducing device and the second low pressure cylinder 5, and the third regulating valve 10 can be used for coarse adjustment of the steam flow between the pressure reducing device and the second low pressure cylinder 5.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the thermodynamic system further includes a condenser 11, a low-pressure heating component, a deaerator 12, and a high-pressure heating component, the hot-side passage inlet end of the condenser 11 is connected to the outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder 5, the cold-side passage inlet end of the condenser 11 is connected to the outlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3, the outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder 5, the hot-side passage outlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected to the hot-side passage inlet end of the condenser 11, the cold-side passage inlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected to the hot-side passage outlet end of the condenser 11, the inlet end of the deaerator 12 is connected to the outlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3, the inlet end of the deaerator 12 is connected to the cold-side passage outlet end of the low-pressure heating component, the hot-side passage inlet end of the high-pressure heating component is connected to the outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 3, the hot-side passage inlet end of the deaerator 12 is connected to the hot-side passage inlet end of the high-pressure heating component 1, and the hot-side passage inlet end of the high-pressure heating component is connected to the hot-pressure side passage inlet end of the high-pressure component 12.
It can be understood that the steam after working in the first low pressure cylinder 4 and the second low pressure cylinder 5 enters into the hot side passage of the condenser 11, and the cooling water is led into the cold side passage of the condenser 11, so that the steam in the hot side passage of the condenser 11 is condensed into the condensed water, and the condensed water sequentially passes through the cold side passage of the low pressure heating component, the deaerator 12 and the cold side passage of the high pressure heating component and then enters into the boiler 1 for reuse, thereby effectively reducing the operation cost of a thermodynamic system and avoiding the waste of water resources.
The deaerator 12 is used for removing gases such as dissolved oxygen in the steam and condensed water discharged from the medium pressure cylinder 3, so that corrosion to various devices and pipelines in the thermodynamic system is reduced, and the service life of the thermodynamic system is effectively prolonged.
When the condensate passes through the cold side passage of the low pressure heating assembly, the hot side passage of the low pressure heating assembly guides the steam discharged from the middle pressure cylinder 3, the steam discharged from the first low pressure cylinder 4 and the steam discharged from the second low pressure cylinder 5, so that the condensate can be preheated, and when the condensate after deoxidation passes through the cold side passage of the high pressure heating assembly, the hot side passage of the high pressure heating assembly guides the steam discharged from the high pressure cylinder 2 and the steam discharged from the middle pressure cylinder 3, so that the condensate after deoxidation is heated again. Therefore, the water temperature of the main steam water inlet end of the boiler 1 is effectively improved through the heating of the low-pressure heating component and the high-pressure heating component, so that the energy consumption of the boiler 1 is reduced, and the operation cost of a thermodynamic system is reduced.
The condenser 11 includes a hot side passage and a cold side passage, which exchange heat, where a heat exchange manner may be set according to actual needs, and the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat indirectly through a medium; the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat directly by contact.
The specific type of the condenser 11 may be set according to actual needs, and is not limited thereto.
The deaerator 12 is also called a rotary film deaerator 12 and a thermal deaerator 12, and the specific type of the deaerator 12 can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the low pressure heating assembly includes a first low pressure heater 13, a second low pressure heater 14, a third low pressure heater 15, and a fourth low pressure heater 16, the hot side passage intake end of the first low pressure heater 13 is connected to the intake end of the deaerator 12, the hot side passage intake end of the second low pressure heater 14 is connected to the intake end of the first low pressure cylinder 4, the hot side passage intake end of the second low pressure cylinder 5 is connected to the hot side passage intake end of the first low pressure heater 13, the cold side passage intake end of the second low pressure heater 15 is connected to the intake end of the first low pressure cylinder 4, the hot side passage intake end of the second low pressure cylinder 5 is connected to the intake end of the second low pressure heater 12, the cold side passage intake end of the second low pressure heater 15 is connected to the hot side passage intake end of the fourth low pressure heater 11, the cold side passage intake end of the second low pressure heater 15 is connected to the hot side passage intake end of the fourth low pressure heater 15, and the cold side passage intake end of the fourth low pressure heater 15 is connected to the hot side passage intake end of the fourth low pressure heater 15.
It can be understood that the condensate water discharged from the hot side passage of the condenser 11 sequentially passes through the cold side passage of the fourth low pressure heater 16, the cold side passage of the third low pressure heater 15, the cold side passage of the second low pressure heater 14 and the cold side passage of the first low pressure heater 13, and the first low pressure heater 13 heats the condensate water by using the steam discharged from the medium pressure cylinder 3, and the second low pressure heater 14, the third low pressure heater 15 and the fourth low pressure heater 16 heats the condensate water by using the steam discharged from the first low pressure cylinder 4 and the second low pressure cylinder 5, so as to ensure that the temperature of the condensate water can meet the requirement and reduce the energy consumption of the boiler 1.
The hot side passages of the first low-pressure heater 13, the second low-pressure heater 14, the third low-pressure heater 15 and the fourth low-pressure heater 16 are sequentially connected in series, so that the steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3, the steam outlet of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the steam outlet of the second low-pressure cylinder 5 can fully heat condensation water, heat loss is effectively reduced, heating efficiency of the condensation water is improved, and meanwhile, the steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3, the steam outlet of the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the steam outlet of the second low-pressure cylinder 5 enter the hot side passage of the condenser 11 after heat release and condensation and are recycled along with the condensation water in the boiler 1, and operation cost of a thermodynamic system is further reduced.
The first low-pressure heater 13, the second low-pressure heater 14, the third low-pressure heater 15 and the fourth low-pressure heater 16 each include a hot side passage and a cold side passage, and the hot side passage and the cold side passage exchange heat, wherein the hot side passage includes a steam inlet end, a water inlet end and a water outlet end; the heat exchange mode can be set according to actual needs, and the hot side passage and the cold side passage can indirectly exchange heat through a medium by way of example; the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat directly by contact.
The specific types of the first low pressure heater 13, the second low pressure heater 14, the third low pressure heater 15 and the fourth low pressure heater 16 may be set according to actual needs, without limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the low pressure heating assembly further includes a buffer tank 17 and a first pump body 18, wherein the liquid inlet end of the buffer tank 17 is connected to the hot side passage water outlet end of the first low pressure heater 13 and the hot side passage water outlet end of the second low pressure heater 14, the water inlet end of the first pump body 18 is connected to the water outlet end of the buffer tank 17, and the water outlet end of the first pump body 18 is connected to the cold side passage water inlet end of the first low pressure heater 13.
It can be understood that by the arrangement of the first pump body 18, the steam-water mixture after the heat release of the hot side passage of the first low-pressure heater 13 and the steam-water mixture after the heat release of the hot side passage of the second low-pressure heater 14 are pressurized and conveyed into the cold side passage of the first low-pressure heater 13, so that the heat of steam discharged by the medium-pressure cylinder 3, the first low-pressure cylinder 4 and the second low-pressure cylinder 5 is effectively utilized, the high energy consumption influence caused by the problem of weakening the inter-stage pressure difference under low load is reduced, the stable operation of the thermodynamic system under the low load state is ensured, and the deep peak regulation requirement is met.
Through the arrangement of the buffer tank 17, the steam-water mixture after heat release of the hot side passage of the first low-pressure heater 13 and the steam-water mixture after heat release of the hot side passage of the second low-pressure heater 14 can be fully and uniformly mixed in the buffer tank 17, and stable conveying of the first pump body 18 is ensured.
It should be noted that the specific type of the buffer tank 17 may be set according to actual needs, and this is not a limitation.
The specific type of the first pump body 18 may be set according to actual needs, and is not limited thereto.
A second pump body may be further disposed between the hot side passage water outlet end of the condenser 11 and the cold side passage water inlet end of the fourth low pressure heater 16, so as to ensure stable circulation of the condensed water.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the high-pressure heating assembly includes a fifth high-pressure heater 19, a sixth high-pressure heater 20, and a seventh high-pressure heater 21, the hot-side passage steam inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater 19 is connected to the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 2, the cold-side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater 19 is connected to the main steam inlet end of the boiler 1, the hot-side passage steam inlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater 20 is connected to the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the hot-side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater 19, the cold-side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater 20 is connected to the cold-side passage water inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater 19, the hot-side passage steam inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater 21 is connected to the steam outlet end of the middle-pressure cylinder 3 and the hot-side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater 20, the hot-side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater 21 is connected to the water inlet end of the deaerator 12, and the cold-side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater 21 is connected to the cold-side passage water inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater 21.
It can be understood that the condensate water discharged from the deaerator 12 sequentially passes through the cold side passage of the seventh high pressure heater 21, the cold side passage of the sixth high pressure heater 20 and the cold side passage of the fifth high pressure heater 19, and the fifth high pressure heater 19 and the sixth high pressure heater 20 heat the deaerated condensate water by using the exhaust gas of the high pressure cylinder 2, and the seventh high pressure heater 21 heats the deaerated condensate water by using the exhaust gas of the medium pressure cylinder 3, so as to ensure that the temperature of the condensate water can meet the requirement, and reduce the energy consumption of the boiler 1.
The fifth low-pressure heater, the sixth low-pressure heater and the seventh low-pressure heater are sequentially connected in series in the hot side passage, so that the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 can fully heat the deoxidized condensate, heat loss is effectively reduced, heating efficiency of the condensate is improved, and meanwhile, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 enter the deoxidizer 12 for deoxidization and enter the boiler 1 for recycling after exothermic condensation, and operation cost of a thermodynamic system is further reduced.
The fifth high-pressure heater 19, the sixth high-pressure heater 20, and the seventh high-pressure heater 21 each include a hot-side passage and a cold-side passage, and the hot-side passage and the cold-side passage exchange heat, wherein the hot-side passage includes a steam inlet end, a water inlet end, and a water outlet end; the heat exchange mode can be set according to actual needs, and the hot side passage and the cold side passage can indirectly exchange heat through a medium by way of example; the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat directly by contact.
The specific types of the fifth high-pressure heater 19, the sixth high-pressure heater 20, and the seventh high-pressure heater 21 may be set according to actual needs, without limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the hot side passage water outlet end of the seventh high pressure heater 21 is connected to the hot side passage water inlet end of the first low pressure heater 13.
It will be appreciated that the effluent from the hot side passage of the seventh high pressure heater 21 enters the hot side passage of the first low pressure heater 13 so as to be deoxygenated with the condensate entering the deoxygenator 12, thereby avoiding that the drain water from the hot side passage of the high pressure heating assembly cannot flow into the deoxygenator 12 under low load, ensuring stable operation of the thermodynamic system under low load condition, and meeting the deep peak shaving requirement.
It should be noted that a third pump body may be further disposed between the water outlet end of the deaerator 12 and the water inlet end of the cold-side passage of the seventh high-pressure heater 21, so as to ensure stable circulation of the condensed water.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the thermodynamic system further includes a low temperature tank 22, an electric heater 23, and a high temperature tank 24, wherein the electric power input end of the electric heater 23 is connected to the electric power output end of the generator 6, the liquid inlet end of the electric heater 23 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the low temperature tank 22, the liquid inlet end of the high temperature tank 24 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the electric heater 23, and the liquid outlet end of the high temperature tank 24 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the low temperature tank 22.
It can be appreciated that the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature tank 22 is heated to high-temperature molten salt and stored in the high-temperature tank 24 when passing through the electric heater 23, and the electric heater 23 is powered by the generator 6, so that when the thermodynamic system can not reduce the generated energy any more in a low-load state, the redundant electric energy can be converted into heat energy to be stored in the molten salt, and the deep peak regulation capability of the thermodynamic system is effectively improved.
It should be noted that, the electric heater 23 includes a heating pipe and a heating tank, the heating pipe is disposed in the heating tank, the liquid inlet end of the heating tank is connected to the liquid outlet end of the low temperature tank 22, the liquid outlet end of the heating tank is connected to the liquid inlet end of the high temperature tank 24, and the electric energy input end of the heating pipe is connected to the electric energy output end of the generator 6. The specific type of the electric heater 23 may be set according to actual needs, and is not limited thereto.
A fourth pump body can be arranged between the liquid inlet end of the electric heater 23 and the liquid outlet end of the low-temperature tank 22, and a fifth pump body can be arranged between the liquid outlet end of the high-temperature tank 24 and the liquid inlet end of the low-temperature tank 22, so as to ensure stable circulation of molten salt.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the thermodynamic system further includes a heat exchanger 25, the hot side passage liquid inlet end of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the high temperature tank 24, the hot side passage liquid outlet end of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the low temperature tank 22, the cold side passage liquid inlet end of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the main steam inlet end of the boiler 1, and the cold side passage vapor outlet end of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler 1.
It can be understood that when the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature tank 24 passes through the hot side passage of the heat exchanger 25 and the deoxidized condensate passes through the cold side passage of the heat exchanger 25, the high-temperature molten salt heats the condensate into steam, and the heated steam enters the boiler 1 to be reheated for the medium-pressure cylinder 3, so that when the thermodynamic system is in a low-load state, the redundant electric energy of the thermodynamic system is converted into heat energy to be stored in the molten salt, and when the thermodynamic system is in a low-load state, the heat in the molten salt is released into the condensate to increase the steam flow in the medium-pressure cylinder 3, thereby effectively solving the problem of low load rising rate of the thermodynamic system in the low-load state.
The heat exchanger 25 includes a hot side passage and a cold side passage, which exchange heat, where a heat exchange manner may be set according to actual needs, and the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat indirectly through a medium; the hot side passage and the cold side passage may exchange heat directly by contact.
The calculation of the ramp rate for the thermodynamic system is as follows:
under the low load state, the climbing speed of the thermodynamic system is connectedNear 0, so the climbing rate S of the thermodynamic system reaches the power change value P when the maximum depth peak regulation is achieved by the thermodynamic system tf The heat exchanger 25 outputs the work P which is done by the steam after entering the thermodynamic system q And the climbing time t of the thermodynamic system p Decision, namely:
Figure BDA0004128948610000101
wherein the power change value P when the thermodynamic system reaches the maximum depth peak regulation tf The method comprises the following steps:
P tf ＝P；
where P is the power of the electric heater 23.
The heat exchanger 25 outputs the work P which is done by the steam after entering the thermodynamic system q The method comprises the following steps:
P q ＝a×Q q ；
wherein Q is q Is the amount of steam output by the heat exchanger 25, and a is the amount of work done per ton of steam entering the thermodynamic system.
It should be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation, comprising:
a boiler;
the steam inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler, and the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler;
the steam inlet end of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of reheat steam of the boiler;
the steam inlet end of the pressure reducing device is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler;
the steam inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device;
the steam inlet end of the switch device is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device;
the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam outlet end of the switching device;
and the power input end of the generator is connected with the power output ends of the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder, the first low-pressure cylinder and the second low-pressure cylinder.
2. Thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure relief device comprises:
the steam inlet end of the pressure reducer is connected with the main steam outlet end of the boiler;
the steam inlet end of the first regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducer, and the steam outlet end of the first regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam inlet end of the switching device.
3. Thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device comprises:
the steam inlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, and the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder;
the steam inlet end of the third regulating valve is connected with the steam outlet end of the pressure reducing device, and the steam outlet end of the second regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder;
wherein the second regulating valve is connected in parallel with the third regulating valve.
4. A thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation according to claim 1, wherein the thermodynamic system further comprises:
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the condenser is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage of the condenser is used for introducing cooling water;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder and the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder, the hot side passage water outlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the hot side passage water inlet end of the condenser, and the cold side passage water inlet end of the low-pressure heating component is connected with the hot side passage water outlet end of the condenser;
the steam inlet end of the deaerator is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium pressure cylinder, and the water inlet end of the deaerator is connected with the water outlet end of the cold side passage of the low pressure heating component;
the high-pressure heating assembly is characterized in that a hot side passage steam inlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder and a steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, a hot side passage water outlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a water inlet end of the deaerator, a cold side passage water inlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a water outlet end of the deaerator, and a cold side passage water outlet end of the high-pressure heating assembly is connected with a main steam water inlet end of the boiler.
5. A thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation according to claim 4, wherein the low pressure heating assembly comprises:
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the first low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the medium-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the first low-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet end of the deaerator;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the second low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the first low-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the second low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the first low-pressure heater;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the third low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the second low-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the third low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the second low-pressure heater;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the first low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet end of the second low-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the third low-pressure heater, the hot side passage water outlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the hot side passage water inlet end of the condenser, the cold side passage water inlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the hot side passage water outlet end of the condenser, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the fourth low-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the third low-pressure heater.
6. A thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation according to claim 5, wherein the low pressure heating assembly further comprises:
the liquid inlet end of the buffer tank is connected with the water outlet end of the hot side passage of the first low-pressure heater and the water outlet end of the hot side passage of the second low-pressure heater;
the water inlet end of the first pump body is connected with the water outlet end of the buffer tank, and the water outlet end of the first pump body is connected with the water inlet end of the cold side passage of the first low-pressure heater.
7. A thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation according to claim 5, wherein the high pressure heating assembly comprises:
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater is connected with the main steam inlet end of the boiler;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the high-pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the fifth high-pressure heater;
the hot side passage steam inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the steam outlet end of the middle pressure cylinder and the hot side passage water outlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater, the hot side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the water inlet end of the deaerator, the cold side passage water outlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the cold side passage water inlet end of the sixth high-pressure heater, and the cold side passage water inlet end of the seventh high-pressure heater is connected with the water outlet end of the deaerator.
8. A thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the hot side passage outlet end of the seventh high pressure heater is connected to the hot side passage inlet end of the first low pressure heater.
9. Thermodynamic system suitable for low load operation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the thermodynamic system further comprises:
a low temperature tank;
the electric energy input end of the electric heater is connected with the electric energy output end of the generator, and the liquid inlet end of the electric heater is connected with the liquid outlet end of the low-temperature tank;
the liquid outlet end of the high-temperature tank is connected with the liquid inlet end of the low-temperature tank.
10. A thermodynamic system adapted for low load operation according to claim 9, wherein the thermodynamic system further comprises:
the hot side passage liquid inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid outlet end of the high temperature tank, the hot side passage liquid outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid inlet end of the low temperature tank, the cold side passage water inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the main steam water inlet end of the boiler, and the cold side passage steam outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with the reheat steam inlet end of the boiler.
CN202310254117.1A 2023-03-15 2023-03-15 Thermodynamic system suitable for low-load operation Pending CN116241861A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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