CN116237769B - A deep hole boring tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a deep hole boring tool, which belongs to the technical field of cylinder processing equipment. The deep hole boring tool includes a boring part and a rolling part distributed front and back along the axial direction. The boring part includes a tool head and a rough turning tool and a finishing tool that are detachably installed on the tool head. The rolling part includes rolling columns distributed at equal intervals on the circumferential surface of the tool head, wherein: the rough turning tools and the finishing tools are distributed front and back in the axial direction of the tool head, and the rough turning tools and the finishing tools The cutter head is displaceably arranged in the radial direction, and the cutter head is provided with a tool adjustment structure for adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool and the finishing tool. The invention can complete the three processes of rough turning, fine turning and rolling of the inner wall of the cylinder at one time, which can greatly save processing time.

Description

A deep hole boring tool

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cylinder processing equipment, and in particular to a deep hole boring tool.

Background technique

The processing of the inner barrel of large oil cylinders requires the use of deep hole boring. The processing process of the inner barrel (inner wall) of the cylinder barrel is rough turning-finishing-rolling. It is a three-step process. After rough turning, remove the tool head, return the boring tool spindle, and replace it with the boring tool head for fine turning. Finish turning is completed. Then replace the rolling boring head. When disassembling the cutter head, due to the structural limitations of the boring machine, the disassembly position of the cutter head is narrow and the operation is not very convenient. The processing of a cylinder requires three times of tool installation and removal. Each tool head weighs dozens of kilograms. Not only is the processing efficiency not high, it also consumes a lot of workers' physical strength.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a deep hole boring tool that can complete the three processes of rough turning, finishing turning and rolling in one clamping, improve the processing efficiency and reduce the physical consumption of workers.

The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

A deep hole boring tool includes a boring part and a rolling part distributed front and back along the axial direction. The boring part includes a cutter head and a rough turning tool and a finishing tool detachably installed on the cutter head. The rolling part includes rolling columns equally spaced on the circumferential surface of the cutter head, where:

The rough turning tool and the finishing tool are distributed front and back in the axial direction of the tool head. The rough turning tool and the finishing tool are displaceably arranged on the tool head in the radial direction of the tool head, and the tool head is provided with a tool for The tool adjustment structure adjusts the radial position of the rough turning tool and the finishing tool in the tool head;

A flushing liquid chamber, a first injection channel and a first injection pipe are provided in the cutter head. The flushing liquid cavity is arranged in the center of the cutter head and has a hemispherical structure. The first injection channel and the first injection pipe correspond to There is one rough turning tool and one finishing turning tool. The two first injection channels are respectively arranged parallel to the rough turning tool and the finishing tool. The inner end of the first injection channel is connected to the flushing liquid chamber, and its outer end runs through the tool. On the circumferential surface of the head, the inner ends of the two first injection pipes are inserted into the two first injection channels respectively, and the outer ends of the two first injection pipes are located outside the tool head and are directed toward the rough turning tool and the finishing tool respectively. The sharp bend has a first elbow part, and the injection port is located at the top of the first elbow part;

The first injection channel includes a first part, a second part, a third part and a fourth part in order from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of the cutter head. The inner diameter of the first part is smaller than the inner diameter of the second part, and the inner diameter of the first part is the same as that of the third part. The inner diameter of the second part is the same as the inner diameter of the fourth part;

The first injection pipe is configured to include a first pipe body part and a second pipe body part in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first pipe body part is configured to have an outer diameter and an inner diameter that match the second part and the fourth part respectively. The second pipe body part The body is configured to have an outer diameter matching the first and third portions;

The first tube body part is located in the second part and the length of the first tube body part is shorter than the second part. The second tube body part passes through the third part and the fourth part in sequence from the outer end of the first tube body part outward. Extending to the outside of the cutter head, the two second tube body parts are respectively arranged to be relatively fixed to the rough turning tool and the finishing tool;

The cutter head is provided with two tool slots, and a tool holder is slidably provided in the tool slot, and a rough turning tool and a finishing tool are detachably fixed on the two tool holders. The outer part of the second tube body is The fixed sleeve is provided with a pipe sleeve, and the side wall of the knife groove is connected with its corresponding fourth part through the through groove, and one end of the pipe sleeve penetrates the through groove and is fixedly matched with the knife seat;

The tool adjustment structure includes two drive plates slidably disposed on the cutter head and fixedly connected to the inner ends of the two tool holders respectively. The drive plate is provided with a drive rack, and the two drive racks are on opposite sides. There are drive gears meshing together, and a drive sleeve for driving the rotation of the drive gear is coaxially fixed on the drive gear. The drive sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and a spiral groove is provided in the spiral groove to drive the drive sleeve when the drive sleeve is axially displaced. Rotating drive rod, the inner end of the drive rod is fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve that can be displaced in the axial direction of the cutter head, and the inner end of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected with a driving screw rod that is rotatably connected to the cutter head.

Further, the knife holder includes a bottom plate part and side plate parts fixed to both sides of the bottom plate part. A chute is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate part. The inner bottom wall of the knife groove is provided with a sliding groove that slides with the chute. The sliding part and both side walls of the slot are provided with lateral grooves that slide and fit with the side plate part.

Further, the driving rack is slidably arranged on the driving plate in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the tool seat, and a strip groove is provided at the bottom of the driving rack. The driving plate is provided with an insertable strip groove that is perpendicular to the knife seat. A bar-shaped block that fixes the driving rack and the driving plate in the seat movement direction. The bottom of the bar-shaped block is provided with an armature. The driving plate is provided with an electromagnet wound with a coil located below the armature, and the bar-shaped The bottom of the block is provided with a support spring, the side of the driving rack is provided with a return spring, the inner end of the driving plate is provided with a pull-back spring, and the coil is connected with an electronic control switch.

Further, an accommodating groove is opened inward on one side of the driving plate, the driving rack is slidably disposed in the accommodating groove, and the driving rack extends outwards corresponding to the accommodating groove on one side of the axial notch of the cutter head to form an extension. part, and the inner end surface of the driving rack is provided with a groove, and the cutter head is provided with a push block that can be displaced in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the cutter seat, and the inner end of the push block extends to the range of the extension part, and when When the tool holder is located at the innermost position of the tool groove, the inner end of the push block is located in the groove.

Further, the surface of the cutter head is provided with an overall spiral wall brush, and the wall brush includes a first spiral part, a second spiral part and a third spiral part in the axial direction from the tail end of the cutter head to the front edge, Wherein, the front end of the first spiral part and the tail end of the second spiral part are respectively located on both sides of the finishing tool and are spaced apart from the finishing tool, and the tail end of the third spiral part and the front end of the second spiral part are respectively located on the rough turning tool. Both sides of the turning tool are spaced apart from the rough turning tool, and the two first bent pipe parts are respectively located between the front end of the first spiral part and the finishing tool and between the front end of the second spiral part and the rough turning tool.

Further, two second injection channels with an included angle of ° are provided in the cutter head. The two second injection channels are respectively located between the first spiral part and the second spiral part and the second spiral part in the axial direction of the cutter head. Between the first part and the third spiral part, a second injection pipe is provided in the second injection channel, the inner end of the second injection channel is connected with the flushing liquid chamber, the second injection pipe is fixedly arranged in the second injection channel, and the second injection pipe is fixedly arranged in the second injection channel. A second elbow portion is provided at the outer end of the pipe, and the two second elbow portions are arranged such that the injection ports are respectively inclined toward the front end surfaces of the first spiral portion and the second spiral portion.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, the rough turning tool and the finishing tool are mounted on one tool head. The rough turning tool is in the front and the finishing tool is in the back. The iron chips generated by turning are flushed forward through the flushing fluid, and the rolling column is in the back. The inner wall is rolled, and three processes can be completed in one process, saving time; originally, processing a cylinder required three times of loading and unloading of tools, but now all processes can be completed in one clamping, and the difficulty and physical exertion of workers are also greatly reduced. .

2. In the present invention, after processing is completed, the rough turning tool and the finishing tool can be retracted. Compared with the prior art, the cutter head is removed after rough turning, and the fine turning cutter head is returned and installed. After finishing turning, the fine turning cutter head is removed and replaced with a rolling cutter head. In the present invention, the rough turning tool and the finishing tool are configured to be retractable and do not need to be dismantled after processing. They can be retracted and then returned to the original position. After measurement, inspection and adjustment, the next cylinder barrel can be processed. At the same time, during the return process, the rough turning tool and the finishing tool will not contact the inner wall of the cylinder and will not scratch the inner wall of the cylinder, ensuring the processing effect.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a partial schematic diagram of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a side view of Figure 2 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 4 is the rear end of the cutter head of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the front end of the tool head of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of position A in Figure 5 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 7 is another perspective view of the tool head of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the tool holder of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 9 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 11 is another partial cross-sectional view of Figure 9 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 12 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 11 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the tool adjustment structure of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a partial schematic diagram of Figure 13 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 15 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 14 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the drive plate of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged view of D in Fig. 16 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 17 , the deep hole boring tool provided by the present invention includes a main body part for connecting the machine tool spindle, and a boring part and a rolling part distributed sequentially from front to back in the axial direction of the main body part.

The boring part includes a tool head 1 and a rough turning tool 2 and a finishing tool 3 that are detachably installed on the tool head 1. The rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are distributed front and back in the axial direction of the tool head 1. The tool head 1 is detachably installed at the front end of the main part. When the main part is run by the machine tool spindle, it drives the tool head 1 to rotate so that the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are distributed to perform rough turning on the inner wall of the cylinder. Fine car. At this time, in conjunction with the feed of the machine tool spindle, the inner wall of the cylinder is sequentially rough turned and then finished.

The rolling part includes rolling columns 4 equally spaced on the circumferential surface of the cutter head 1 . Specifically, the rolling column 4 can be directly installed on the tool head 1 and located behind the finishing tool 3 in the axial direction of the tool head 1 . In this embodiment, the rolling column 4 is installed on the rolling shaft, and the rolling shaft is detachably installed on the main body and is located behind the cutter head 1 .

At this time, the rolling part cooperates with the boring part. During the feeding process of the machine tool spindle, the rough turning, fine turning and rolling processes of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel are completed in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency of the cylinder barrel. , directly avoiding the inconvenience and disadvantages of frequent tool replacement in the prior art.

Among them, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are displaceably arranged on the tool head 1 in the radial direction of the tool head 1, and the tool head 1 is provided with a tool for adjusting the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 on the tool head 1. Radial position tool adjustment structure 5.

At this time, by using the tool adjustment structure 5 to adjust the radial positions of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 on the tool head 1, the protruding distance of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 in the radial direction of the tool head 1 can be controlled. . Not only can it be used for adjustment after the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are worn, but also during the return process of the machine tool spindle, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 can be stored to the innermost position in the radial direction of the tool head 1, The rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are placed in a stowed state, which can prevent the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 from scratching the processed inner wall surface of the cylinder during the return process of the machine tool spindle, thereby improving the processing effect.

Furthermore, the deep hole boring tool provided by the present invention also includes a flushing liquid chamber 6 , a first injection channel 7 and a first injection pipe 8 provided in the tool head 1 . The flushing fluid can use high-pressure oil, which is mainly used to flush the inner wall of the cylinder during the boring process, and flush the waste chips generated by boring forward, achieving the advantages of real-time chip removal and improving the processing effect.

The flushing liquid chamber 6 is arranged at the center of the cutter head 1, and the flushing liquid chamber 6 has a hemispherical structure. Specifically, the opening of the flushing liquid chamber 6 is disposed toward the rear end of the cutter head 1 in the axial direction. The tail end of the cutter head 1 is provided with a cylindrical hole connected to the opening of the flushing liquid chamber 6, the front end of the main part is provided with a cylindrical part inserted into the cylindrical hole, the center of the main part is provided with a liquid inlet channel, and the outlet of the liquid inlet channel is located at Inside the cylindrical part. At this time, the liquid inlet channel is used to supply the rinse liquid into the rinse liquid chamber 6 .

The first injection channel 7 and the first injection pipe 8 are each provided one corresponding to the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3, and the first injection channel 7 and the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the rough turning tool 2 are arranged in parallel. Based on the state distribution of the rough turning tool 2 , the first injection channel 7 and the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the finishing tool 3 are arranged parallel to the state distribution of the finishing tool 3 . The inner end of the first injection channel 7 is connected with the flushing liquid chamber 6 , and the communication point between the first injection channel 7 and the flushing liquid chamber 6 is located on the side of the flushing liquid chamber 6 . The outer end of the first injection channel 7 penetrates the circumferential surface of the cutter head 1 .

The inner ends of the first injection pipes 8 are inserted into the two first injection channels 7 respectively, and the outer ends of the two first injection pipes 8 are located outside the tool head 1 and are directed toward the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 respectively. A first elbow portion 9 is bent at the tip of the blade, and the injection port of the first injection pipe 8 is located at the top of the first elbow portion 9 . This arrangement makes the flushing liquid sprayed from the two first injection pipes 8 pass through the first elbow part 9 and then move towards the tool tips of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 respectively, that is, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 The contact position between the tool tip of the finishing tool 3 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel is to improve the scouring effect of boring waste chips.

Among them, the first injection channel 7 sequentially includes a first part 7.1, a second part 7.2, a third part 7.3 and a fourth part 7.4 in the radial direction of the cutter head 1. At this time, the first part 7.1, the second part 7.2, The third part 7.3 and the fourth part 7.4 integrally form the first injection channel 7. The inner diameter of the first part 7.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second part 7.2, and the inner diameter of the first part 7.1 is the same as the inner diameter of the third part 7.3, and the inner diameter of the second part 7.2 is the same as the inner diameter of the fourth part 7.4.

At the same time, the first injection pipe 8 is arranged to include a first tube body part 8.1 and a second tube body part 8.2 from the inside to the outside. The first tube body part 8.1 is arranged to have an outer diameter and an inner diameter corresponding to the second part 7.2 and the fourth part respectively. 7.4, the second pipe body part 8.2 is configured with an outer diameter and an inner diameter adapted to the first part 7.1 and the third part 7.3 respectively.

In addition, the first tube body part 8.1 is located in the second part 7.2 and the length of the first tube body part 8.1 is shorter than the second part 7.2, so that the first tube body part 8.1 can be displaced within the second part 7.2, and the second tube body part 8.2 extends from the outer end of the first tube body 8.1 outward through the third part 7.3 and the fourth part 7.4 and extends to the outside of the cutter head 1. At this time, a dynamic seal is formed between the second pipe body part 8.2 and the third part 7.3, and a dynamic sealing state is formed between the first pipe body part 8.1 and the second part 7.2. This setting prevents flushing fluid from leaking.

In addition, the two second tube body parts 8.2 are respectively arranged to be relatively fixed to the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3. That is to say, the second tube body portion 8.2 corresponding to the first injection pipe 8 of the rough turning tool 2 is relatively fixed to the rough turning tool 2, and the second tube portion 8.2 of the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the finishing tool 3 is in a relatively fixed state. The body 8.2 points and the finishing tool 3 are in a relatively fixed state. After making the above settings, when the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are displaced in the radial direction of the tool head 1, the first injection pipes 8 corresponding to them follow the two synchronous displacements, so that the two first injection pipes 8 The injection port always remains aligned with the tool tips of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 respectively.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head 1 is provided with two slots 10 , the slots 10 are opened on the front end surface of the cutter head 1 , and the outer ends of the slots 10 penetrate the circumferential surface of the cutter head 1 An opening is formed for the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 to displace in the radial direction of the tool head 1 and extend out of the tool head 1 .

A tool holder 11 is slidably provided in the tool slot 10, and the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are detachably fixed on the two tool holders 11 respectively. The outer parts of the two second pipe body parts 8.2 are fixedly covered with sleeves. The outer diameter of the sleeves matches the fourth part 7.4, and its length is smaller than the fourth part 7.4. A through groove is provided on the side wall of the knife groove 10 corresponding to the first injection channel 7 on one side thereof. The through groove allows the guide groove to communicate with the corresponding fourth part 7.4 of the first injection channel 7, and one end of the pipe sleeve 12 passes through it. After the slot is passed, it is fixedly connected to one side wall of the tool holder 11 . At this time, when the tool holder 11 is displaced in the tool groove 10 to adjust the radial positions of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 in the tool head 1, the tool holder 11 drives the first injection pipe 8 to move synchronously through the pipe sleeve 12.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder 11 is configured to include a bottom plate portion 11.1 and side plate portions 11.2 fixed to both sides of the bottom plate portion 11.1, and the pipe sleeve 12 is fixed to one of the side plate portions 11.2. A chute 11.3 is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate part 11.1. The inner end of the chute 11.3 penetrates the bottom plate part 11.1. The inner bottom wall of the knife groove 10 is provided with a forward protruding and extending into the chute 11.3 to slidely cooperate with the chute 11.3. The sliding part 10.1. The side plate portion 11.2 is configured such that the length in the axial direction of the cutter head 1 is smaller than the length of the slot 10, and both side walls of the slot 10 are provided with lateral grooves 10.2 that slide with the side plate portion 11.2. After the above settings are made, the stability of the tool holder 11 when it is displaced in the tool groove 10 can be greatly improved, and it has a good guiding effect on the tool holder 11 .

The tool adjustment structure 5 includes two drive plates 5.1 slidably disposed on the tool head 1 and fixedly connected to the inner ends of the two tool holders 11 respectively. At this time, a displacement groove for the displacement of the driving plate 5.1 is opened in the tool head 1 from the inner end surface of the tool groove 10. The driving plate 5.1 drives the radial displacement of the tool base 11 in the tool head 1 by displacing in the displacement groove.

The driving plate 5.1 is provided with a driving rack 5.8, and the opposite sides of the two driving racks 5.8 are jointly engaged with a driving gear 5.2. At this time, the drive gear 5.2 is set at the center of the cutter head 1. Through the rotation of the drive gear 5.2, the two drive plates 5.1 can be synchronously driven to move radially outward or inward along the cutter head 1 to achieve synchronous adjustment of rough turning. The effect of the position of tool 2 and finishing tool 3 in the radial direction of tool head 1.

A drive sleeve 5.3 for driving the rotation of the drive gear 5.2 is fixed coaxially on the drive gear 5.2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner end of the drive sleeve 5.3 penetrates the center position of the drive gear 5.2 and is then rotationally connected to the cutter head 1. At this time, the center of the front end surface of the cutter head 1 is provided with an installation groove that matches the outer diameter of the drive sleeve 5.3. The inside of the installation groove is provided with a gear groove for accommodating the drive gear 5.2 and connected to two displacement grooves on both sides. , the inner end of the drive sleeve 5.3 is rotatably installed on the axial inner wall of the installation groove. Of course, a swivel ring can also be set on the outside of the drive sleeve 5.3, and a ring groove is provided on the side wall of the installation groove to accommodate the rotation of the swivel ring. , in order to realize the rotational installation of the drive sleeve 5.3 in the installation groove.

The driving sleeve 5.3 is provided with a spiral groove 5.4, and a driving rod 5.5 is provided in the spiral groove 5.4 to drive the driving sleeve 5.3 to rotate when the driving sleeve 5.3 is axially displaced. Specifically, in this embodiment, the spiral groove 5.4 is opened on the inner surface of the driving sleeve 5.3. The driving rod 5.5 includes a rod-shaped part and a spherical part provided at the outer end of the rod-shaped part. The spherical part is located in the driving groove. The rod 5.5 is used to support the axial displacement of the spherical part in the drive sleeve 5.3.

The inner end of the driving rod 5.5 is fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve 5.6 that can be axially displaced in the cutter head 1. The threaded sleeve 5.6 is internally threaded and connected to a driving screw 5.7 whose inner end is rotatably connected to the cutter head 1. Specifically, the installation groove has an annular structure. The center of the front end surface of the cutter head 1 is located in the inner cavity of the installation groove. A guide groove is provided. One side of the guide groove is provided with a limit groove extending in the axial direction. The driving rod 5.5 penetrates the limit groove. groove and slidingly matched with the limit groove. The side wall of the guide groove is provided with an axial groove, the threaded sleeve 5.6 is located in the guide groove, and the surface of the threaded sleeve 5.6 is provided with a guide block that extends into the axial groove and slides with the axial groove. The inner end of the driving screw 5.7 is rotatably connected to the axial inner end wall of the guide groove.

At this time, when the driving screw 5.7 is rotated, the cooperation between the axial groove and the guide block and the cooperation between the driving rod 5.5 and the limiting groove cause the threaded sleeve 5.6 to displace in the guide groove along the axial direction of the cutter head 1. When the threaded sleeve 5.6 is displaced, it drives the driving rod 5.5 to be displaced, and the driving rod 5.5 causes the driving sleeve 5.3 to rotate through the spiral groove 5.4, thereby causing the driving gear 5.2 to rotate. The driving gear 5.2 causes the driving plate 5.1 to translate through the driving rack 5.8 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the radial position of the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 in the tool head 1.

Among them, the driving rack 5.8 is slidably disposed on the driving plate 5.1 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder 11. At this time, the driving rack 5.8 is displaced on the driving plate 5.1 to a side away from the driving gear 5.2 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement of the tool holder 11, so that the driving rack 5.8 can be disengaged from the meshing state with the driving gear 5.2. In this state, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 can be moved inward on the tool head 1 and stored in the tool groove 10 .

The bottom of the driving rack 5.8 is provided with a bar-shaped groove 5.9, and the driving plate 5.1 is provided with a bar-shaped block 5.10 that can be inserted into the bar-shaped groove 5.9 to fix the driving rack 5.8 and the driving plate 5.1 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool base 11. Specifically, when the top end of the bar block 5.10 is inserted into the bar groove 5.9 from the bottom, the driving rack 5.8 and the driving plate 5.1 are locked, and the driving rack 5.8 and the driving gear 5.2 are in meshing state. When the bar block 5.10 is displaced downward from the bar groove 5.9 and separated from the bar groove 5.9, the driving rack 5.8 can be displaced on the driving plate 5.1 in the direction away from the driving gear 5.2 under the action of external force, so that the driving rack 5.8 can be connected with the driving gear 5.2. The driving gear 5.2 is separated and disengaged. At this time, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 can be stored in the tool groove 10 under the action of external force, which is used for the process of the machine tool spindle retracting after the cylinder inner wall surface is processed.

Among them, the bottom of the bar block 5.10 is provided with an armature 5.11, and the driving plate 5.1 is provided with an electromagnet 5.12 wound with a coil located below the armature 5.11. The coil is connected to an electronic control switch, and the bottom of the bar block 5.10 is provided with a support. Spring 5.13. At this time, in the boring and rolling state, the electronic control switch is in the off state, and the elasticity of the support spring 5.13 keeps the bar block 5.10 inserted in the bar groove 5.9. After boring and rolling are completed and before the machine tool spindle returns, the electronic control switch is closed to energize the coil, which causes the electromagnet 5.12 to exert a magnetic attraction on the armature 5.11. At this time, under the magnetic attraction, the armature 5.11 compresses the support spring 5.13. And drive the bar block 5.10 to move downward and away from the bar groove 5.9.

A return spring 5.14 is provided on the side of the driving rack 5.8. The return spring 5.14 is used to use elastic force to drive the driving rack 5.8 to displace on the driving plate 5.1 to disengage the driving gear 5.2 after the bar block 5.10 is separated from the bar groove 5.9.

The inner end of the drive plate 5.1 is provided with a pullback spring 5.15. The pullback spring 5.15 is stretched when the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are displaced radially outward along the tool head 1, and between the driving rack 5.8 and the driving gear. 5.2 When separated, the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3 are automatically driven to be stored in the guide groove.

Specifically, a receiving groove 5.16 is provided on one side of the driving plate 5.1, the driving rack 5.8 is slidably disposed in the receiving groove 5.16, and the driving rack 5.8 faces one side of the axial notch of the cutter head 1 corresponding to the receiving groove 5.16. The outer extension forms an extension part 5.17. The inner end surface of the driving rack 5.8 is provided with a groove 5.18. The cutter head 1 is provided with a push block 5.19 that can be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the cutter seat 11, and the inner end of the push block 5.19 Extending to the range of the extension 5.17, when the tool holder 11 is located at the innermost position of the tool slot 10, the inner end of the push block 5.19 is located in the groove 5.18.

At this time, after the driving rack 5.8 is separated from the driving gear 5.2, the driving rack 5.8 will be received into the receiving groove 5.16 and remain separated from the driving gear 5.2 under the action of the return spring 5.14. After the driving plate 5.1 is displaced inward to the innermost position under the action of the pullback spring 5.15, the driving rack 5.8 is still in a state of separation from the driving gear 5.2. At this time, the inner end of the push block 5.19 is just within the scope of the groove 5.18 on the inner end of the drive rack 5.8.

Afterwards, after the electronic control switch is turned off, the coil loses power and the electromagnet 5.12 loses its magnetic attraction to the armature 5.11. When the push block 5.19 is pushed toward the center of the inward cutter head 1, the push block 5.19 pushes the driving rack 5.8 to move inward and switch to the state of meshing with the driving gear 5.2. At this time, the bar block 5.10 is re-inserted under the action of the support spring 5.13 In the strip hole, the driving rack 5.8 and the driving plate 5.1 are fixed in the displacement direction perpendicular to the tool base 11.

After each machine tool spindle is retracted, when manually detecting the conditions of the side turning tool and the finishing tool 3, the push block 5.19 can be used to re-engage the driving rack 5.8 to the driving gear 5.2.

Furthermore, the surface of the cutter head 1 is provided with an overall spiral wall brush 13. The wall brush 13 axially includes a first spiral part 13.1, a second spiral part 13.2 and a third spiral part 13.2 from the rear end of the cutter head 1 to the front. The spiral part 13.3 and the wall brush 13 can be configured as a wire brush or a hair brush. Among them, the front end of the first spiral part 13.1 and the tail end of the second spiral part 13.2 are respectively located on both sides of the finishing tool 3 and are spaced apart from the finishing tool 3. The tail end of the third spiral part 13.3 and the second spiral part The front ends of 13.2 are respectively located on both sides of the rough turning tool 2 and are spaced apart from the rough turning tool 2, and the two first elbow parts 9 are respectively displaced between the front end of the first spiral part 13.1 and the finishing tool 3 and between the second Between the front end of the spiral part 13.2 and the rough turning tool 2.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first spiral part 13.1, the second spiral part 13.2 and the third spiral part 13.3 are formed by cutting and breaking a complete spiral structure at the rough turning tool 2 and the finishing tool 3. During the boring and rolling process, the first spiral part 13.1 is located behind the finishing tool 3 and pushes the chips formed by boring of the finishing tool 3 forward. The second spiral part 13.2 and the third spiral part 13.3 push forward the chips formed by boring of the rough turning tool 2. At the same time, by utilizing the gap between the front end of the first spiral part 13.1 and the rear end of the second spiral part 13.2 and the finishing tool 3, when the first spiral part 13.1 pushes forward the debris generated by the finishing turning, part of the debris can pass through the The gap moves forward to before the second spiral part 13.2. In the same way, under the action of the gap between the front end of the second spiral part 13.2 and the tail end of the third spiral part 13.3 and the rough turning tool 2, the rough turning and finishing turning are finally formed. The debris is concentrated toward the front of the cutter head 1.

Furthermore, two second injection channels 14 with an included angle of 180° are provided in the cutter head 1. The two second injection channels 14 are respectively located in the first spiral part 13.1 and the second spiral part in the axial direction of the cutter head 1. 13.2 and between the second spiral part 13.2 and the third spiral part 13.3, the inner end of the second injection channel 14 is connected with the flushing liquid chamber 6. A second injection pipe 15 is provided in the second injection channel 14. The second injection pipe 15 is fixedly arranged in the second injection channel 14. A second elbow part 16 is provided at the outer end of the second injection pipe 15, and two The two elbow portions 16 are arranged such that the injection ports are respectively inclined toward the front end surfaces of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2.

Specifically, the spiral direction of the first spiral part 13.1, the second spiral part 13.2 and the third spiral part 13.3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool head 1 during boring, and the injection port of the second elbow part 16 is in the shape of the first spiral The spiral directions of the first portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2 are tilted forward as a reference. At this time, during the boring process, when the first spiral part 13.1 and the second spiral part 13.2 are rotating, the flushing liquid sprayed from the injection port of the second elbow part 16 causes the chips to move in the opposite direction to the first spiral part. The directions of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2 converge in opposite spiral directions to improve the effect of pushing debris forward.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (6)

1. A deep hole boring tool, characterized in that it includes a boring part and a rolling part distributed front and back along the axial direction. The boring part includes a cutter head (1) and a detachable tool mounted on the cutter head (1). ), the rolling part includes rolling columns (4) equally spaced on the circumferential surface of the tool head (1), where: The rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3) are distributed front and back in the axial direction of the tool head (1). The tool head (1) is displaceably arranged in the radial direction, and the tool head (1) is provided with a tool adjustment for adjusting the radial position of the rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3) of the tool head (1). structure(5); The cutter head (1) is provided with a flushing liquid chamber (6), a first injection channel (7) and a first injection pipe (8). The flushing liquid chamber (6) is arranged in the center of the cutter head (1). It has a hemispherical structure. One first injection channel (7) and one first injection pipe (8) are provided corresponding to the rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3). Two first injection channels (7) They are respectively arranged to be distributed parallel to the rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3), and the inner end of the first injection channel (7) is connected to the flushing liquid chamber (6), and its outer end penetrates the tool head (1). On the circumferential surface, the inner ends of the two first injection pipes (8) are inserted into the two first injection channels (7) respectively, and the outer ends of the two first injection pipes (8) are located outside the cutter head (1) and respectively A first elbow part (9) is bent toward the tool tips of the rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3), and the injection port is located at the top of the first elbow part (9); The first injection channel (7) includes a first part (7.1), a second part (7.2), a third part (7.3) and a fourth part (7.4) from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of the cutter head (1). The inner diameter of one part (7.1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second part (7.2), and the inner diameter of the first part (7.1) is the same as the inner diameter of the third part (7.3), and the inner diameter of the second part (7.2) is the same as the inner diameter of the fourth part (7.4) have the same inner diameter; The first injection pipe (8) is arranged to include a first tube body part (8.1) and a second tube body part (8.2) in order from the inside to the outside. The first tube body part (8.1) is arranged so that the outer diameter and the inner diameter are respectively the same as those of the second tube body part (8.2). The part (7.2) is adapted to the fourth part (7.4), and the second pipe body part (8.2) is arranged to have an outer diameter adapted to the first part (7.1) and the third part (7.3); The first tube body part (8.1) is located in the second part (7.2) and the length of the first tube body part (8.1) is smaller than the second part (7.2). The second tube body part (8.2) is separated from the first tube body part (7.2). The outer end of 8.1) passes outward in sequence through the third part (7.3) and the fourth part (7.4) and extends to the outside of the cutter head (1), and the two second tube body parts (8.2) are respectively arranged to be connected with the rough turning The tool (2) and the finishing tool (3) are relatively fixed; The tool head (1) is provided with two tool grooves (10), and a tool holder (11) is slidably provided in the tool groove (10), and the rough turning tool (2) and the finishing tool (3) are respectively detachable. The fixation is arranged on the two tool holders (11). The second tube body part (8.2) is externally fixed with a pipe sleeve (12), and the side walls of the tool groove (10) are connected to its corresponding parts through through slots. The fourth part (7.4), and one end of the pipe sleeve (12) penetrates the slot and is fixedly matched with the tool holder (11); The tool adjustment structure (5) includes two drive plates (5.1) slidably disposed on the tool head (1) and fixedly connected to the inner ends of the two tool holders (11) respectively. A driving rack (5.8) is provided, a driving gear (5.2) is engaged with the opposite sides of the two driving racks (5.8), and a driving gear (5.2) is coaxially fixed on the driving gear (5.2). The rotating drive sleeve (5.3) is provided with a spiral groove (5.4), and a spiral groove (5.4) is provided in the spiral groove (5.4) to drive the drive sleeve (5.3) to rotate when the drive sleeve (5.3) is displaced axially. Driving rod (5.5), the inner end of the driving rod (5.5) is fixedly connected with a threaded sleeve (5.6) that can be axially displaced on the cutter head (1), and the threaded sleeve (5.6) is internally threaded and has an inner end that is rotatably connected to the cutter head. The drive screw (5.7) on (1). 2. The deep hole boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder (11) includes a bottom plate part (11.1) and side plate parts (11.2) fixed to both sides of the bottom plate part (11.1), so A chute (11.3) is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate part (11.1), and a sliding part (10.1) that slides with the chute (11.3) is provided on the inner bottom wall of the knife groove (10). Both side walls of the device are provided with lateral grooves (10.2) that slide with the side plate portions (11.2). 3. The deep hole boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving rack (5.8) is slidably arranged on the driving plate (5.1) in a direction perpendicular to the displacement of the tool holder (11), and the driving rack The bottom of the bar (5.8) is provided with a bar-shaped groove (5.9), and the drive plate (5.1) is provided with a bar-shaped groove (5.9) that can be inserted into the drive rack (5.8) and the drive rack (5.8) in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder (11). The drive plate (5.1) is fixed with a bar block (5.10). The bottom of the bar block (5.10) is provided with an armature (5.11). The drive plate (5.1) is provided with a winding ring located below the armature (5.11). There is an electromagnet (5.12) with a coil, a support spring (5.13) is provided at the bottom of the bar block (5.10), a return spring (5.14) is provided laterally on the driving rack (5.8), and a return spring (5.14) is provided on the inner side of the driving plate (5.1). The end is provided with a pullback spring (5.15), and the coil is connected with an electronically controlled switch. 4. The deep hole boring tool according to claim 3, characterized in that a receiving groove (5.16) is opened inward on one side of the driving plate (5.1), and the driving rack (5.8) is slidably arranged in the receiving groove (5.16). 5.16), and the driving rack (5.8) extends outward corresponding to the receiving groove (5.16) on one side of the axial notch of the cutter head (1) to form an extension (5.17), and the driving rack (5.8) A groove (5.18) is provided on the end face, and the cutter head (1) is provided with a push block (5.19) that can be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the displacement of the cutter seat (11), and the inner end of the push block (5.19) extends to the Within the range of the extension (5.17), and when the tool seat (11) is located at the innermost position of the tool groove (10), the inner end of the push block (5.19) is located in the groove (5.18). 5. The deep hole boring tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface of the tool head (1) is provided with an overall spiral wall brush (13), and the wall brush (13) 13) The cutter head (1) includes a first spiral part (13.1), a second spiral part (13.2) and a third spiral part (13.3) in sequence from the rear end to the front axial direction, wherein the first spiral part (13.1) The front end and the tail end of the second spiral part (13.2) are respectively located on both sides of the finishing tool (3) and are spaced apart from the finishing tool (3). The tail end of the third spiral part (13.3) and the second spiral part The front ends of the part (13.2) are respectively located on both sides of the rough turning tool (2) and are spaced apart from the rough turning tool (2), and the two first elbow parts (9) are respectively located on the first spiral part (13.1) Between the front end and the finishing tool (3) and between the front end of the second spiral part (13.2) and the rough turning tool (2). 6. The deep hole boring tool according to claim 5, wherein the tool head (1) is provided with two second injection channels (14) with an included angle of 180°, and the two second injection channels are (14) In the axial direction of the cutter head (1), it is respectively located between the first spiral part (13.1) and the second spiral part (13.2) and between the second spiral part (13.2) and the third spiral part (13.3). A second injection pipe (15) is provided in the two injection channels (14). The inner end of the second injection channel (14) is connected with the flushing liquid chamber (6). The second injection pipe (15) is fixedly arranged in the second injection channel. (14), a second elbow portion (16) is provided at the outer end of the second injection pipe (15), and the two second elbow portions (16) are arranged so that the injection ports are respectively inclined toward the first The front end surface of the first spiral part (13.1) and the second spiral part (13.2).