CN116237769B - Deep hole boring tool - Google Patents
Deep hole boring tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116237769B CN116237769B CN202211707766.4A CN202211707766A CN116237769B CN 116237769 B CN116237769 B CN 116237769B CN 202211707766 A CN202211707766 A CN 202211707766A CN 116237769 B CN116237769 B CN 116237769B
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- tool
- cutter
- tool bit
- injection
- groove
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B41/02—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for boring deep holes; Trepanning, e.g. of gun or rifle barrels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a deep hole boring cutter, and belongs to the technical field of cylinder barrel processing equipment. The deep hole boring cutter comprises a boring part and a rolling part which are distributed front and back along the axial direction, wherein the boring part comprises a cutter head, a rough turning cutter and a finish turning cutter which are detachably arranged on the cutter head, and the rolling part comprises rolling columns which are distributed on the circumferential surface of the cutter head at equal intervals, wherein the rolling columns are formed by the following steps: the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are distributed in the front-back direction of the axial direction of the tool bit, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are arranged on the tool bit in a radial displaceable mode, and a tool adjusting structure for adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool on the tool bit is arranged on the tool bit. The invention can finish three working procedures of rough turning, finish turning and rolling of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel at one time, and can greatly save the processing time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cylinder barrel processing equipment, in particular to a deep hole boring cutter.
Background
And (3) processing an inner cylinder of the large-scale oil cylinder, and boring a deep hole. The processing procedure of the inner cylinder (inner wall) of the cylinder barrel is rough turning, finish turning and rolling, the cutter head is removed after the rough turning is finished, the boring cutter shaft is retracted, the boring cutter head of the finish turning is replaced, and the rolled boring cutter head is replaced after the finish turning is finished. When the tool bit is dismounted, the position of the tool bit is narrower due to the limitation of the boring machine structure, and the operation is not very convenient. The processing of a cylinder barrel needs to be completed with three times of knife assembly and knife disassembly, and a knife head is tens of jin, so that the processing efficiency is low, and the physical strength of workers is also very consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the deep hole boring cutter which can finish three working procedures of rough turning, finish turning and rolling by one-time clamping, improve the machining efficiency and reduce the physical consumption of workers.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a deep hole boring cutter, includes boring part and the roll extrusion part that is the fore-and-aft distribution along the axial, boring part includes tool bit and detachable rough turning cutter and finish turning cutter of installing on the tool bit, the roll extrusion part includes the roll extrusion post of equidistant distribution on the periphery of tool bit, wherein:
the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are arranged on the tool bit in a front-back mode in the axial direction of the tool bit in a displaceable mode, and a tool adjusting structure for adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool is arranged on the tool bit;
the cutter head is internally provided with a flushing liquid cavity, a first injection channel and a first injection pipe, wherein the flushing liquid cavity is arranged at the center of the cutter head and is of a hemispherical structure, the first injection channel and the first injection pipe are respectively arranged corresponding to the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter, the two first injection channels are respectively arranged to be parallel to the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter, the inner ends of the first injection channels are communicated with the flushing liquid cavity, the outer ends of the first injection channels penetrate through the circumferential surface of the cutter head, the inner ends of the two first injection pipes are respectively inserted into the two first injection channels, the outer ends of the two first injection pipes are positioned at the outer sides of the cutter head and are respectively bent to the cutter tips of the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter to form a first bent pipe, and the injection port is positioned at the top end of the first bent pipe;
the first injection channel sequentially comprises a first part, a second part, a third part and a fourth part from inside to outside in the radial direction of the tool bit, wherein the inner diameter of the first part is smaller than that of the second part, the inner diameter of the first part is the same as that of the third part, and the inner diameter of the second part is the same as that of the fourth part;
the first injection pipe is arranged to sequentially comprise a first pipe body part and a second pipe body part from inside to outside, the first pipe body part is arranged to be matched with the second part and the fourth part in outer diameter and inner diameter respectively, and the second pipe body part is arranged to be matched with the first part and the third part in outer diameter;
the first pipe body part is positioned in the second part, the length of the first pipe body part is smaller than that of the second part, the second pipe body part sequentially passes through the third part and the fourth part outwards from the outer side end of the first pipe body part and extends to the outside of the cutter head, and the two second pipe body parts are respectively arranged to be relatively fixed with the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter;
the cutter head is provided with two cutter grooves, a cutter seat is arranged in the cutter grooves in a sliding manner, the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter are respectively and detachably fixed on the two cutter seats, a pipe sleeve is fixedly sleeved outside the second pipe body, the side wall of the cutter groove is communicated with a fourth part corresponding to the second pipe body through a through groove, and one end of the pipe sleeve penetrates through the through groove to be fixedly matched with the cutter seat;
the cutter adjusting structure comprises two driving plates which are arranged on a cutter head in a sliding manner and are fixedly connected with the inner side ends of the two cutter holders respectively, driving racks are arranged on the driving plates, driving gears are meshed with one sides of the two opposite driving racks jointly, driving sleeves for driving the driving gears to rotate are coaxially fixed on the driving gears, spiral grooves are formed in the driving sleeves, driving rods for driving the driving sleeves to rotate during axial displacement of the driving sleeves are arranged in the spiral grooves, screw sleeves capable of axially displacing the cutter head are fixedly connected with the inner ends of the driving rods, and driving screw rods connected to the cutter head in a rotating manner are connected to the inner ends of the screw sleeves in a threaded manner.
Further, the tool apron comprises a bottom plate part and side plate parts fixed on two sides of the bottom plate part, a sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the bottom plate part, a sliding part which is in sliding fit with the sliding groove is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the tool groove, and lateral grooves which are in sliding fit with the side plate parts are formed in two side walls of the tool groove.
Further, the driving rack slides on the driving plate in the direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool apron, and the bottom of the driving rack is provided with a bar groove, a bar block which can be inserted into the bar groove and fix the driving rack and the driving plate in the direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool apron is arranged in the driving plate, an armature is arranged at the bottom of the bar block, an electromagnet which is positioned below the armature and is wound with a coil is arranged in the driving plate, a supporting spring is arranged at the bottom of the bar block, a reset spring is arranged at the lateral direction of the driving rack, a pull-back spring is arranged at the inner end of the driving plate, and the coil is connected with an electric control switch.
Further, the holding groove has been seted up inwards to one side of drive plate, and the drive rack slides and sets up in the holding groove, and the drive rack corresponds the holding groove and outwards extends at the one side of tool bit axial notch and form the extension, and the inner terminal surface of drive rack has seted up the recess, is provided with the ejector pad that can displace in perpendicular to tool holder displacement direction on the tool bit, and the inner of ejector pad extends to in the extension scope, and when the tool holder is located the most inboard position of tool bit groove, the inner of ejector pad is located the recess.
Further, the surface of tool bit is provided with the wall brush that wholly is spiral, the wall brush is from the tail end of tool bit along axial in proper order including first spiral portion, second spiral portion and third spiral portion, and wherein, the front end of first spiral portion and the tail end of second spiral portion are located the both sides of finish turning cutter respectively and are interval distribution with the finish turning cutter, and the tail end of third spiral portion and the front end of second spiral portion are located the both sides of rough turning cutter respectively and are interval distribution with the rough turning cutter, and two first return bend portions are located between the front end of first spiral portion and the finish turning cutter respectively and between the front end of second spiral portion and the rough turning cutter.
Further, two second injection channels with included angles of degrees are arranged in the cutter head, the two second injection channels are respectively located between the first spiral part and the second spiral part and between the second spiral part and the third spiral part in the axial direction of the cutter head, a second injection pipe is arranged in the second injection channels, the inner end of the second injection channel is communicated with the flushing liquid cavity, the second injection pipe is fixedly arranged in the second injection channels, the outer end of the second injection pipe is provided with a second bent pipe part, and the two second bent pipe parts are arranged in such a way that injection ports are respectively inclined towards the front end surfaces of the first spiral part and the second spiral part.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are arranged on one tool bit, the rough turning tool is arranged in front, the finish turning tool is arranged behind, scrap iron generated by turning is flushed out forwards through flushing fluid, the rolling column is used for rolling the inner wall behind, three working procedures can be completed by one-time machining, and the time is saved; originally, a cylinder barrel is machined, the three cutters are required to be assembled and disassembled, all working procedures can be finished by clamping once, and the working difficulty and the physical consumption of workers are greatly reduced.
2. After the processing is finished, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool can be retracted. Compared with the prior art, the tool bit is removed after rough turning, the finish turning tool bit is retracted, and after finish turning, the finish turning tool bit is removed, and the rolling tool bit is replaced. The rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are arranged to be capable of shrinking inwards, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are not required to be disassembled after being finished, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool are returned to the original positions after being shrunk, and the next cylinder barrel can be machined after measurement, inspection and adjustment. Meanwhile, the rough turning tool and the finish turning tool cannot contact the inner wall of the cylinder barrel in the retreating process, the inner wall of the cylinder barrel cannot be scratched, and the machining effect is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a rear end of the bit of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front end schematic view of the head of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention at A in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is another view of the tool head of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the seat of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is another partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention at B in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the tool adjustment structure of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 13 of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention at C in FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the drive plate of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention;
fig. 17 is an enlarged view of the deep hole boring tool of the present invention at D in fig. 16.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the deep hole boring tool provided by the invention comprises a main body part for connecting a main shaft of a machine tool, and a boring part and a rolling part which are sequentially distributed from front to back in the axial direction of the main body part.
The boring part comprises a cutter head 1, and a rough turning cutter 2 and a finish turning cutter 3 which are detachably arranged on the cutter head 1, wherein the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 are distributed in the front-back direction in the axial direction of the cutter head 1. The tool bit 1 is detachably arranged at the forefront end of the main body part, and when the main body part is operated by a machine tool spindle, the tool bit 1 is driven to rotate so that the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 are distributed to perform rough turning and finish turning on the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel. At this time, the process of sequentially performing rough turning and then finish turning on the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel is realized by matching with the feeding of the machine tool spindle.
The rolling part comprises rolling columns 4 which are distributed on the circumferential surface of the tool bit 1 at equal intervals. In particular, the rolling post 4 may be mounted directly on the cutter head 1 and axially behind the finish turning tool 3 in the cutter head 1. In this embodiment the roll pins 4 are mounted on roll shafts which are detachably mounted on the body part behind the cutter head 1.
At the moment, the rolling part is matched with the boring part, and the rough turning, finish turning and rolling procedures of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel are finished at one time in the feeding process of the main shaft of the machine tool, so that the processing efficiency of the cylinder barrel is greatly improved, and the inconvenience and the defect that the cutter needs to be frequently replaced in the prior art are directly avoided.
The rough turning tool 2 and the fine turning tool 3 are arranged on the tool bit 1 in a radial displaceable mode, and a tool adjusting structure 5 for adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool 2 and the fine turning tool 3 on the tool bit 1 is arranged on the tool bit 1.
At this time, by adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 on the cutter head 1 by the tool adjustment structure 5, the protruding distances of the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 in the radial direction of the cutter head 1 can be controlled. The tool bit is not only used for adjusting after the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 are worn, but also used for accommodating the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 to the innermost radial position of the tool bit 1 in the process of returning a machine tool spindle, so that the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 are in an accommodating state, the inner wall surface of a cylinder barrel which is finished after the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 are scraped in the process of returning the machine tool spindle can be prevented, and the machining effect is improved.
Further, the deep hole boring cutter provided by the invention further comprises a flushing liquid cavity 6, a first spraying channel 7 and a first spraying pipe 8 which are arranged in the cutter head 1. The flushing fluid can adopt high-pressure oil, and is mainly used for flushing the inner wall of the cylinder barrel in the boring process, and flushing scraps generated by boring forwards, so that the advantages of removing scraps in real time and improving the processing effect are achieved.
The flushing fluid cavity 6 is arranged at the center of the cutter head 1, and the flushing fluid cavity 6 is of a hemispherical structure. Specifically, the opening of the flushing liquid chamber 6 is provided axially toward the trailing end of the shaving head 1. The tail end of the tool bit 1 is provided with a cylindrical hole connected with the opening of the flushing fluid cavity 6, the front end of the main body part is provided with a cylindrical part inserted into the cylindrical hole, the center of the main body part is provided with a liquid inlet channel, and the outlet of the liquid inlet channel is positioned in the cylindrical part. At this time, the liquid inlet passage is used to supply the rinse liquid into the rinse liquid chamber 6.
The first injection passage 7 and the first injection pipe 8 are each provided to be one corresponding to the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3, the first injection passage 7 and the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the rough turning tool 2 are provided to be parallel to the state distribution of the rough turning tool 2, and the first injection passage 7 and the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the finish turning tool 3 are provided to be parallel to the state distribution of the finish turning tool 3. The inner end of the first spray channel 7 communicates with the rinse liquid chamber 6, and the communication of the first spray channel 7 with the rinse liquid chamber 6 is located laterally of the rinse liquid chamber 6. The outer end of the first injection channel 7 extends through the circumferential surface of the cutter head 1.
The inner ends of the first injection pipes 8 are respectively inserted into the two first injection channels 7, the outer ends of the two first injection pipes 8 are positioned at the outer sides of the cutter head 1, first bent pipe parts 9 are respectively bent towards the cutter point parts of the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3, and the injection ports of the first injection pipes 8 are positioned at the top ends of the first bent pipe parts 9. The arrangement is such that the flushing liquid sprayed from the two first spray pipes 8 passes through the first bent pipe part 9 and then respectively faces the knife tip parts of the rough turning knife 2 and the finish turning knife 3, namely the contact positions of the knife tips of the rough turning knife 2 and the finish turning knife 3 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel, so as to improve the flushing effect on boring scraps.
The first injection channel 7 comprises a first part 7.1, a second part 7.2, a third part 7.3 and a fourth part 7.4 from inside to outside in the radial direction of the tool bit 1, and the first part 7.1, the second part 7.2, the third part 7.3 and the fourth part 7.4 integrally form the first injection channel 7. The inner diameter of the first part 7.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second part 7.2, and the inner diameter of the first part 7.1 is the same as the inner diameter of the third part 7.3, and the inner diameter of the second part 7.2 is the same as the inner diameter of the fourth part 7.4.
Meanwhile, the first injection pipe 8 is arranged to sequentially comprise a first pipe body 8.1 and a second pipe body 8.2 from inside to outside, the first pipe body 8.1 is arranged to have an outer diameter and an inner diameter respectively matched with the second part 7.2 and the fourth part 7.4, and the second pipe body 8.2 is arranged to have an outer diameter and an inner diameter respectively matched with the first part 7.1 and the third part 7.3.
Furthermore, the first tube body 8.1 is located in the second portion 7.2 and the length of the first tube body 8.1 is smaller than the second portion 7.2, such that the first tube body 8.1 is displaceable in the second portion 7.2, the second tube body 8.2 passing from the outer end of the first tube body 8.1 outwards through the third portion 7.3 and the fourth portion 7.4 in sequence and extending out of the cutter head 1. At this time, a dynamic seal is formed between the second pipe body 8.2 and the third portion 7.3, and a dynamic seal state is formed between the first pipe body 8.1 and the second portion 7.2. With this arrangement, the flushing liquid can be prevented from leaking.
In addition, two second pipe portions 8.2 are provided, respectively, fixed relative to the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3. That is, the second pipe body 8.2 of the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the rough turning tool 2 is in a relatively fixed state with respect to the rough turning tool 2, and the second pipe body 8.2 of the first injection pipe 8 corresponding to the finish turning tool 3 is in a relatively fixed state with respect to the finish turning tool 3. After the above arrangement is made, when the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 displace in the radial direction of the cutter head 1, the first injection pipes 8 corresponding to the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 displace synchronously with the rough turning cutter and the finish turning cutter, so that the injection ports of the two first injection pipes 8 are always aligned with the cutter tip states of the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 respectively.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, two cutter grooves 10 are provided on the cutter head 1, the cutter grooves 10 are provided on the front end surface of the cutter head 1, and the outer ends of the cutter grooves 10 penetrate through the circumferential surface of the cutter head 1 to form openings for the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 to displace radially in the cutter head 1 and extend out of the cutter head 1.
The cutter holder 11 is arranged in the cutter groove 10 in a sliding manner, and the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 are respectively and detachably fixedly arranged on the two cutter holders 11. The outer parts of the two second pipe body parts 8.2 are fixedly sleeved with sleeves, the outer diameters of the sleeves are matched with the fourth part 7.4, and the lengths of the sleeves are smaller than the fourth part 7.4. The side wall of the knife slot 10 corresponding to the first spraying channel 7 at one side thereof is provided with a through slot, the through slot enables the guide slot to be communicated with the fourth part 7.4 of the corresponding first spraying channel 7, and one end of the pipe sleeve 12 penetrates through the through slot and is fixedly connected with one side wall of the knife holder 11. At this time, when the tool apron 11 is displaced in the tool slot 10 to adjust the radial positions of the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 on the tool bit 1, the tool apron 11 drives the first injection pipe 8 to synchronously displace through the pipe sleeve 12.
Still further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder 11 is configured to include a bottom plate portion 11.1 and side plate portions 11.2 fixed to both sides of the bottom plate portion 11.1, and the sleeve 12 is fixed to one of the side plate portions 11.2. The bottom of the bottom plate part 11.1 is provided with a chute 11.3, the inner side end of the chute 11.3 penetrates through the bottom plate part 11.1, and the inner bottom wall of the knife slot 10 is provided with a sliding part 10.1 which protrudes forwards and stretches into the chute 11.3 to be in sliding fit with the chute 11.3. The side plate portion 11.2 is arranged such that the length in the axial direction of the cutter head 1 is smaller than the length of the cutter groove 10, and both side walls of the cutter groove 10 are provided with lateral grooves 10.2 which are in sliding fit with the side plate portion 11.2. After the arrangement is made, the stability of the tool holder 11 during displacement in the tool slot 10 can be greatly improved, and the tool holder 11 has good guiding effect.
The tool adjusting structure 5 comprises two driving plates 5.1 which are arranged on the tool bit 1 in a sliding manner and are fixedly connected with the inner side ends of the two tool holders 11 respectively. At this time, a displacement groove for displacing the driving plate 5.1 is provided in the cutter head 1 from the inner end face of the cutter groove 10, and the driving plate 5.1 displaces the driving tool holder 11 in the radial direction of the cutter head 1 by displacing in the displacement groove.
The driving plate 5.1 is provided with driving racks 5.8, and the opposite sides of the two driving racks 5.8 are meshed with the driving gears 5.2. At this time, the driving gear 5.2 is disposed at the center of the cutter head 1, and the two driving plates 5.1 can be synchronously driven to displace radially outwards or inwards along the cutter head 1 by the rotation of the driving gear 5.2, so as to achieve the effect of synchronously adjusting the positions of the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 in the radial direction of the cutter head 1.
A drive sleeve 5.3 for driving the drive gear 5.2 to rotate is coaxially fixed on the drive gear 5.2. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the inner end of the driving sleeve 5.3 penetrates through the center of the driving gear 5.2 and is rotatably connected to the cutter head 1. At this time, the front end face center of the tool bit 1 is provided with a mounting groove matched with the outer diameter of the driving sleeve 5.3, the inner side of the mounting groove is provided with a gear groove which is used for accommodating the driving gear 5.2 and two sides of which are respectively communicated with the two displacement grooves, the inner end of the driving sleeve 5.3 is rotationally mounted on the axial inner side wall of the mounting groove, of course, a rotating ring can be sleeved outside the driving sleeve 5.3, and the side wall of the mounting groove is provided with a ring groove which is used for accommodating the rotation of the rotating ring, so that the driving sleeve 5.3 is rotationally mounted in the mounting groove.
The driving sleeve 5.3 is provided with a spiral groove 5.4, and a driving rod 5.5 which drives the driving sleeve 5.3 to rotate when the driving sleeve 5.3 axially displaces is arranged in the spiral groove 5.4. Specifically, in this embodiment, the spiral groove 5.4 is formed on the inner surface of the driving sleeve 5.3, the driving rod 5.5 includes a rod-shaped portion and a spherical portion disposed at the outer end of the rod-shaped portion, the spherical portion is located in the driving groove, and the driving rod 5.5 is used for supporting the axial displacement of the spherical portion in the driving sleeve 5.3.
The inner end of the driving rod 5.5 is fixedly connected with a thread bush 5.6 which can axially displace on the tool bit 1, and the inner thread of the thread bush 5.6 is connected with a driving screw rod 5.7 of which the inner end is rotationally connected on the tool bit 1. Specifically, the mounting groove is annular structure, and the guide way has been seted up to the center that lies in the inner chamber of mounting groove of terminal surface before the tool bit 1, and the spacing groove along axial extension has been seted up to one side of guide way, and actuating lever 5.5 runs through the spacing groove and with spacing groove sliding fit. The axial groove is offered to the lateral wall of guide way, and thread bush 5.6 is located the guide way, and the surface of thread bush 5.6 is provided with stretches into the axial inslot and with axial groove sliding fit's guide block. The inner end of the driving screw rod 5.7 is rotatably connected to the axial inner end wall of the guide groove.
At this time, when the driving screw rod 5.7 is rotated, the axial groove is matched with the guide block, and the driving rod 5.5 is matched with the limit groove, so that the thread bush 5.6 is axially displaced in the guide groove along the cutter head 1. When the threaded sleeve 5.6 is displaced, the driving rod 5.5 is driven to displace, the driving rod 5.5 enables the driving sleeve 5.3 to rotate through the spiral groove 5.4, and then the driving gear 5.2 is enabled to rotate. The driving gear 5.2 drives the rack 5.8 to enable the driving plate 5.1 to translate, so that the purpose of adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning cutter 2 and the fine turning cutter 3 on the cutter head 1 is achieved.
Wherein the drive rack 5.8 is arranged on the drive plate 5.1 in a sliding manner perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder 11. At this time, the driving rack 5.8 is displaced on the driving plate 5.1 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder 11 away from the driving gear 5.2, so that the driving rack 5.8 is disengaged from the driving gear 5.2. In this state, the tool bit 1 can be used for the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 to be accommodated in the pocket 10 while being displaced inward.
The bottom of the driving rack 5.8 is provided with a bar-shaped groove 5.9, and a bar-shaped block 5.10 which can be inserted into the bar-shaped groove 5.9 and fix the driving rack 5.8 and the driving plate 5.1 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool apron 11 is arranged in the driving plate 5.1. Specifically, after the tip of the bar block 5.10 is inserted into the bar groove 5.9 from the bottom, the drive rack 5.8 is locked with the drive plate 5.1, and the drive rack 5.8 is brought into engagement with the drive gear 5.2. After the bar block 5.10 is downwardly displaced from the bar groove 5.9 to be separated from the bar groove 5.9, the driving rack 5.8 can be displaced on the driving plate 5.1 in a direction away from the driving gear 5.2 under the action of external force, so that the driving rack 5.8 can be separated from the driving gear 5.2 and separated from the engaged state, and at the moment, the rough turning tool 2 and the finish turning tool 3 can be accommodated in the tool groove 10 under the action of external force for the process of retreating the main shaft of the machine tool after the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel is processed.
The bottom of the bar-shaped block 5.10 is provided with an armature 5.11, an electromagnet 5.12 which is positioned below the armature 5.11 and is wound with a coil is arranged in the driving plate 5.1, the coil is connected with an electric control switch, and the bottom of the bar-shaped block 5.10 is provided with a supporting spring 5.13. At this time, in the boring and rolling state, the electric control switch is in an off state, and the elasticity of the supporting spring 5.13 keeps the bar block 5.10 inserted into the bar groove 5.9. Before the main shaft of the machine tool retreats after boring and rolling, the electric control switch is closed to enable the coil to be electrified, the coil enables the electromagnet 5.12 to generate magnetic attraction effect on the armature 5.11, and at the moment, under the magnetic attraction effect, the armature 5.11 compresses the supporting spring 5.13 and drives the bar block 5.10 to downwards displace to be separated from the bar groove 5.9.
The driving rack 5.8 is laterally provided with a return spring 5.14, and the return spring 5.14 is used for driving the driving rack 5.8 to displace on the driving plate 5.1 by elastic force to separate from the driving gear 5.2 after the bar block 5.10 is separated from the bar groove 5.9.
The inner end of the driving plate 5.1 is provided with a pull-back spring 5.15, the pull-back spring 5.15 is stretched when the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 are radially outwards displaced along the cutter head 1, and the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 are automatically driven to be stored in the guide groove when the driving rack 5.8 is separated from the driving gear 5.2.
Specifically, a receiving groove 5.16 is formed in one side surface of the driving plate 5.1, the driving rack 5.8 is slidably arranged in the receiving groove 5.16, the driving rack 5.8 extends outwards to form an extending part 5.17 corresponding to the receiving groove 5.16 on one side surface of an axial notch of the tool bit 1, a groove 5.18 is formed in an inner end surface of the driving rack 5.8, a pushing block 5.19 capable of being displaced in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder 11 is arranged on the tool bit 1, the inner end of the pushing block 5.19 extends to the range of the extending part 5.17, and when the tool holder 11 is located at the innermost position of the tool slot 10, the inner end of the pushing block 5.19 is located in the groove 5.18.
At this time, after the drive rack 5.8 is separated from the drive gear 5.2, the drive rack 5.8 is received in the receiving groove 5.16 and is kept in a state of being separated from the drive gear 5.2 by the return spring 5.14. And the drive plate 5.1 is displaced inwards to the innermost position under the action of the pullback spring 5.15, the drive rack 5.8 is still in a state of being separated from the drive gear 5.2. At this point, the inner end of the push block 5.19 is located just within the recess 5.18 on the inner end of the drive rack 5.8.
After the electrically controlled switch is turned off, the coil is de-energized, and the electromagnet 5.12 loses the magnetic attraction to the armature 5.11. When the push block 5.19 is pushed toward the center of the inner cutter head 1, the push block 5.19 pushes the driving rack 5.8 to displace inward and switch to a state of meshing with the driving gear 5.2, at this time, the bar block 5.10 is reinserted into the bar hole under the action of the supporting spring 5.13, and the driving rack 5.8 is fixed with the driving plate 5.1 in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the cutter holder 11.
After each withdrawal of the machine spindle, the drive rack 5.8 can be reengaged to the drive gear 5.2 by means of the push block 5.19, manually when detecting the condition of the side turning tool and the finish turning tool 3.
Further, the surface of the tool bit 1 is provided with a wall brush 13 which is spiral integrally, the wall brush 13 sequentially comprises a first spiral part 13.1, a second spiral part 13.2 and a third spiral part 13.3 along the axial direction from the tail end of the tool bit 1, and the wall brush 13 can be provided as a wire brush or a brush. The front end of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the tail end of the second spiral portion 13.2 are respectively located at two sides of the finish turning tool 3 and are distributed at intervals with the finish turning tool 3, the tail end of the third spiral portion 13.3 and the front end of the second spiral portion 13.2 are respectively located at two sides of the rough turning tool 2 and are distributed at intervals with the rough turning tool 2, and the two first bent pipe portions 9 are respectively displaced between the front end of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the finish turning tool 3 and between the front end of the second spiral portion 13.2 and the rough turning tool 2.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first spiral portion 13.1, the second spiral portion 13.2, and the third spiral portion 13.3 are formed by cutting and breaking at the rough turning cutter 2 and the finish turning cutter 3 by one complete spiral structure. During boring and rolling, the first screw portion 13.1 is located behind the finish turning tool 3, pushing forward the chips formed by boring the finish turning tool 3. The second and third screw portions 13.2, 13.3 push forward the chips formed by boring the rough turning cutter 2. Meanwhile, by utilizing gaps between the front end of the first spiral part 13.1 and the tail end of the second spiral part 13.2 and the finish turning cutter 3, when the first spiral part 13.1 pushes forward the scraps generated by finish turning, part of scraps can move forward to the front of the second spiral part 13.2 through the gaps, and similarly, under the action of the gaps between the front end of the second spiral part 13.2 and the tail end of the third spiral part 13.3 and the rough turning cutter 2, scraps formed by rough turning and finish turning are finally concentrated to the front of the cutter head 1.
Further, two second injection channels 14 with an included angle of 180 ° are arranged in the cutter head 1, the two second injection channels 14 are respectively located between the first spiral portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2 and between the second spiral portion 13.2 and the third spiral portion 13.3 in the axial direction of the cutter head 1, and the inner ends of the second injection channels 14 are communicated with the flushing liquid cavity 6. A second injection pipe 15 is arranged in the second injection channel 14, the second injection pipe 15 is fixedly arranged in the second injection channel 14, a second bent pipe portion 16 is arranged at the outer end of the second injection pipe 15, and two second bent pipe portions 16 are arranged in a mode that injection ports face the front end faces of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2 in an inclined mode respectively.
Specifically, the spiral directions of the first spiral portion 13.1, the second spiral portion 13.2, and the third spiral portion 13.3 are opposite to the rotation direction of the tool bit 1 at the time of boring, and the injection port of the second bent pipe portion 16 is in a state of being inclined forward with reference to the spiral directions of the first spiral portion 13.1 and the second spiral portion 13.2. At this time, during boring, the flushing liquid ejected from the ejection port of the second bent pipe portion 16 during rotation of the first and second spiral portions 13.1 and 13.2 causes the chips to converge in the opposite spiral direction on the first and second spiral portions 13.1 and 13.2 against the direction of the first and second spiral portions 13.1 and 13.2, improving the effect of pushing the chips forward.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a deep hole boring cutter, its characterized in that includes boring part and the roll extrusion part that is the front and back distribution along the axial, boring part includes tool bit (1) and detachable rough turning cutter (2) and finish turning cutter (3) of installing on tool bit (1), the roll extrusion part includes on the periphery of tool bit (1) equidistant pressure post (4) that roll extrusion, wherein:
the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3) are distributed in the axial direction of the tool bit (1) in the front-back mode, the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3) are arranged on the tool bit (1) in the radial direction of the tool bit (1) in a displaceable mode, and a tool adjusting structure (5) used for adjusting the radial positions of the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3) in the tool bit (1) is arranged on the tool bit (1);
the tool bit (1) is internally provided with a flushing fluid cavity (6), a first injection channel (7) and a first injection pipe (8), the flushing fluid cavity (6) is arranged at the center of the tool bit (1) and is of a hemispherical structure, the first injection channel (7) and the first injection pipe (8) are respectively arranged corresponding to the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3), the two first injection channels (7) are respectively arranged to be parallel to the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3) and are respectively distributed, the inner ends of the first injection channels (7) are communicated with the flushing fluid cavity (6), the outer ends of the first injection pipes (8) penetrate through the circumferential surface of the tool bit (1), the inner ends of the two first injection pipes (8) are respectively inserted into the two first injection channels (7), the outer ends of the two first injection pipes (8) are positioned at the outer sides of the tool bit (1) and are respectively bent to the tool tips of the rough turning tool (2) and the finish turning tool (3), and the injection ports are respectively provided with first bent pipe parts (9), and the injection ports are positioned at the top ends of the first bent pipe parts (9);
the first injection channel (7) comprises a first part (7.1), a second part (7.2), a third part (7.3) and a fourth part (7.4) from inside to outside in the radial direction of the tool bit (1), the inner diameter of the first part (7.1) is smaller than that of the second part (7.2), the inner diameter of the first part (7.1) is the same as that of the third part (7.3), and the inner diameter of the second part (7.2) is the same as that of the fourth part (7.4);
the first jet pipe (8) comprises a first pipe body part (8.1) and a second pipe body part (8.2) from inside to outside in sequence, the first pipe body part (8.1) is provided with an outer diameter and an inner diameter which are respectively matched with the second part (7.2) and the fourth part (7.4), and the second pipe body part (8.2) is provided with an outer diameter which is matched with the first part (7.1) and the third part (7.3);
the first pipe body part (8.1) is positioned in the second part (7.2), the length of the first pipe body part (8.1) is smaller than that of the second part (7.2), the second pipe body part (8.2) sequentially passes through the third part (7.3) and the fourth part (7.4) from the outer side end of the first pipe body part (8.1) outwards and extends to the outside of the cutter head (1), and the two second pipe body parts (8.2) are respectively arranged to be relatively fixed with the rough turning cutter (2) and the finish turning cutter (3);
the cutter head (1) is provided with two cutter grooves (10), the cutter grooves (10) are internally provided with cutter holders (11) in a sliding manner, the rough turning cutter (2) and the finish turning cutter (3) are respectively and detachably fixed on the two cutter holders (11), the outer fixing sleeve of the second pipe body part (8.2) is provided with a pipe sleeve (12), the side wall of the cutter groove (10) is communicated with a fourth part (7.4) corresponding to the pipe sleeve through a through groove, and one end of the pipe sleeve (12) penetrates through the through groove to be fixedly matched with the cutter holders (11);
the utility model provides a cutter adjusting structure (5), including sliding setting on tool bit (1) and respectively with two inboard end fixed connection's of two blade holders (11) two drive plates (5.1), be provided with drive rack (5.8) on drive plate (5.1), the relative one side of two drive racks (5.8) is meshed jointly and is had drive gear (5.2), and is fixed with on drive gear (5.2) coaxial drive cover (5.3) that are used for driving gear (5.2) pivoted is provided with helicla flute (5.4) on drive cover (5.3), is provided with in helicla flute (5.4) and follows drive cover (5.3) axial displacement time drive cover (5.3) pivoted actuating lever (5.5), the inner fixedly connected with of actuating lever (5.5) can be at tool bit (1) axial displacement's thread bush (5.6), thread connection has inner drive lead screw (5.7) on tool bit (1) in thread bush (5.6).
2. Deep hole boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder (11) comprises a bottom plate part (11.1) and side plate parts (11.2) fixed to two sides of the bottom plate part (11.1), a sliding groove (11.3) is formed in the bottom of the bottom plate part (11.1), a sliding part (10.1) which is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (11.3) is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the tool groove (10), and lateral grooves (10.2) which are in sliding fit with the side plate parts (11.2) are formed in two side walls of the tool groove (10).
3. Deep hole boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving rack (5.8) is arranged on the driving plate (5.1) in a sliding manner in a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder (11), a bar-shaped groove (5.9) is arranged at the bottom of the driving rack (5.8), a bar-shaped block (5.10) which can be inserted into the bar-shaped groove (5.9) and fix the driving rack (5.8) and the driving plate (5.1) in the direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool holder (11) is arranged in the driving plate (5.1), an armature (5.11) is arranged at the bottom of the bar-shaped block (5.10), an electromagnet (5.12) which is arranged below the armature (5.11) and is wound with a coil is arranged in the driving plate (5.1), a supporting spring (5.13) is arranged at the bottom of the bar-shaped block (5.10), a reset spring (5.14) is arranged at the side direction of the driving rack (5.8), and a pullback spring (5.15) is arranged at the inner end of the driving plate (5.1), and the coil is connected with an electric control switch.
4. A deep hole boring tool according to claim 3, characterized in that a receiving groove (5.16) is provided in one side face of the driving plate (5.1), the driving rack (5.8) is slidably arranged in the receiving groove (5.16), the driving rack (5.8) extends outwards to form an extension (5.17) on one side face of the axial notch of the tool bit (1) corresponding to the receiving groove (5.16), a groove (5.18) is provided in the inner end face of the driving rack (5.8), a pushing block (5.19) capable of displacing in the direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the tool bit (11) is arranged on the tool bit (1), the inner end of the pushing block (5.19) extends to the range of the extension (5.17), and when the tool bit (11) is located at the innermost position of the tool bit (10), the inner end of the pushing block (5.19) is located in the groove (5.18).
5. Deep hole boring tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the surface of the tool bit (1) is provided with a wall brush (13) which is in a spiral shape as a whole, the wall brush (13) comprises a first spiral part (13.1), a second spiral part (13.2) and a third spiral part (13.3) in sequence from the tail end of the tool bit (1) forward along the axial direction, wherein the front end of the first spiral part (13.1) and the tail end of the second spiral part (13.2) are respectively positioned at two sides of the finish turning tool (3) and are distributed at intervals with the finish turning tool (3), the tail end of the third spiral part (13.3) and the front end of the second spiral part (13.2) are respectively positioned at two sides of the rough turning tool (2) and are distributed at intervals with the rough turning tool (2), and two first bent pipe parts (9) are respectively positioned between the front end of the first spiral part (13.1) and the finish turning tool (3) and between the front end of the second spiral part (13.2) and the rough turning tool (2).
6. Deep hole boring tool according to claim 5, characterized in that two second injection channels (14) with an included angle of 180 degrees are arranged in the tool bit (1), the two second injection channels (14) are respectively arranged between the first spiral part (13.1) and the second spiral part (13.2) and between the second spiral part (13.2) and the third spiral part (13.3) in the axial direction of the tool bit (1), a second injection pipe (15) is arranged in the second injection channels (14), the inner end of the second injection channels (14) is communicated with the flushing liquid cavity (6), the second injection pipe (15) is fixedly arranged in the second injection channels (14), the outer end of the second injection pipe (15) is provided with a second bent pipe part (16), and the two second bent pipe parts (16) are respectively arranged in an inclined state towards the front end faces of the first spiral part (13.1) and the second spiral part (13.2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211707766.4A CN116237769B (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2022-12-29 | Deep hole boring tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211707766.4A CN116237769B (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2022-12-29 | Deep hole boring tool |
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| CN116237769A CN116237769A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN116237769B true CN116237769B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| CN216461793U (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-05-10 | 宁波川景誉机械科技发展有限公司 | Differential mechanism casing near-end inner plane lathe tool |
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| JP2009208160A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Diameter variable tool serving both for boring and horning |
| JP2014124756A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-07 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Boring head |
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| CN116237769A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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