CN116231288B - Low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116231288B CN116231288B CN202310512849.6A CN202310512849A CN116231288B CN 116231288 B CN116231288 B CN 116231288B CN 202310512849 A CN202310512849 A CN 202310512849A CN 116231288 B CN116231288 B CN 116231288B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
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Abstract
The utility model provides a low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna, which comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a low-frequency radiation patch, a high-frequency radiation patch, a resonance metal patch, a metal floor, a coaxial line, a class A metal short-circuit column, a class B metal short-circuit column and a class C metal short-circuit column; the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixedly connected through the support columns; the low-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and omnidirectional radiation in a low frequency range is realized through working in TM01 and TM02 modes; the high-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate so as to generate a resonance point at high frequency; the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate; the resonant metal patch is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate. The utility model realizes omnidirectional radiation with multi-band coverage and has the advantages of good impedance matching, compact structure and low profile.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to a low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication systems, omni-directional antennas are widely used in indoor antennas and base stations with 360 ° coverage. In addition, with the rapid development of 5G technology, the frequency of the communication system is evolving towards high frequency, but at the same time, the 2G/3G/4G frequency band is still in use. However, most of the omni-directional antennas in the prior art generally only work in one frequency band, cannot meet the latest application scene, and cannot meet the requirements of technical innovation. However, if a plurality of omni-directional antennas with different frequency bands are used in the base station at the same time, mutual interference between the antennas is easy to occur, and meanwhile, the problems of large occupied area, complex system and the like exist.
Compared with the method, the multi-band omni-directional antenna capable of simultaneously covering a plurality of frequency bands can effectively reduce the number of the antennas used in the base station, and has the advantages of saving space resources, reducing cost and the like. With the iterative upgrade of technology, the multi-frequency omni-directional antenna has more and more market demands, and has important significance for the development and application of communication technology.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN209016267U proposes a high-gain dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna, and dual-frequency coverage of 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz is realized. The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN111092297B provides a low-profile multi-frequency omnidirectional vertical polarized antenna, and the multi-frequency coverage of 87MHz, 340MHz and 1440MHz is realized. These antennas have the characteristics of multi-band coverage, but all have the problems of narrow impedance bandwidth, large antenna size and high profile.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna which has the advantages of good impedance matching, compact structure and low profile while realizing omnidirectional radiation with multi-band coverage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a low-frequency radiation patch, a high-frequency radiation patch, a resonance metal patch, a metal floor, a coaxial line, a class A metal short-circuit column, a class B metal short-circuit column and a class C metal short-circuit column;
the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixedly connected through the support columns; the low-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and omnidirectional radiation in a low frequency range is realized through working in TM01 and TM02 modes; the high-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate so as to generate a resonance point at high frequency; the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate; the resonant metal patch is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate;
the low-frequency radiation patch is circular as a whole, and two annular grooves and four fan-shaped annular grooves are etched on the low-frequency radiation patch and are used for improving impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency; the two annular grooves comprise a first annular groove and a second annular groove which are concentrically arranged, wherein the diameter of the first annular groove is smaller than that of the second annular groove, the first annular groove is arranged near the center of the low-frequency radiation patch, and the second annular groove is arranged near the edge of the low-frequency radiation patch; the four fan-shaped annular grooves are radially arranged between the first annular groove and the second annular groove, are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle of the central axes of two adjacent fan-shaped annular grooves is 90 degrees, the radian of each fan-shaped annular groove is smaller than 90 degrees, a fan-shaped annular patch is respectively arranged in each fan-shaped annular groove, and a certain capacity gap exists between the outer edge of each fan-shaped annular patch and the inner edge of each fan-shaped annular groove;
the metal floor is circular, and a third annular groove is arranged near the center of the metal floor and is used for improving the impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency;
the coaxial line is led in from the lower part of the third dielectric plate, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line sequentially passes through the third dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch;
the A-type metal short-circuit column sequentially penetrates through the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate to connect the low-frequency radiation patch with the metal floor in a short circuit manner; the B-type metal short-circuit column sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, and the resonant metal patch is in short-circuit connection with the metal floor through the B-type metal short-circuit column so as to generate another resonant point at high frequency; the four fan-shaped annular patches are respectively connected with the metal floor in a short circuit manner through a B-type metal short-circuit column, so that four opening annular resonators are respectively formed in the capacitive gaps between the four fan-shaped annular patches and the four fan-shaped annular grooves, and a resonance point is generated at low frequency; the C-type metal short-circuit column sequentially penetrates through the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and is used for connecting the low-frequency radiation patch with the high-frequency radiation patch in a short-circuit mode and improving impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency.
Further, the high-frequency radiation patch is obtained by etching four annular gaps at the edge of a circular metal patch, the four annular gaps are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction in sequence, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent annular gaps is 90 degrees, and the radian of each annular gap is smaller than 90 degrees; the four fan ring-shaped notches are respectively and correspondingly arranged below the four fan ring-shaped grooves of the low-frequency radiation patch.
Further, the four resonant metal patches are respectively and correspondingly arranged below the four fan annular grooves of the low-frequency radiation patch; the four resonant metal patches are all in a sector ring shape and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent resonant metal patches is 90 degrees, and the radian of each resonant metal patch is smaller than 90 degrees.
Further, four class A metallized through holes are formed in the first dielectric plate, and one class A metallized through hole is formed in the low-frequency radiation patch between every two adjacent fan annular grooves; four class A metallized through holes are also arranged at corresponding positions on the third dielectric plate;
the upper ends of the four A-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch through four A-type metallized through holes on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the four A-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the metal floor through four A-type metal through holes on the third dielectric plate.
Further, four B-type metallized through holes are formed in the first dielectric plate, and one B-type metallized through hole is formed in the center of each fan-shaped annular patch; four B-type metallized through holes are formed in the third dielectric plate, and one B-type metallized through hole is formed in the central axis of each resonant metal patch;
the upper ends of the four B-type metal short-circuit columns are respectively and electrically connected with the four fan-shaped annular patches through four B-type metal through holes on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the four B-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the four resonant metal patches and the metal floor through four B-type metallized through holes on the third dielectric plate.
Further, four C-type metallized through holes are formed in the first dielectric plate, and one C-type metallized through hole is formed in the low-frequency radiation patch between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular grooves; four C-type metallized through holes are formed in the second dielectric plate, and one C-type metallized through hole is formed in the high-frequency radiation patch between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular gaps;
the upper ends of the four C-type metal short-circuit columns are electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch through four C-type metal through holes on the first dielectric plate respectively: the lower ends of the four C-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch through four C-type metal through holes on the second dielectric plate.
Further, the intersection points of the A-type metal short-circuit column and the B-type metal short-circuit column and the second dielectric plate are located outside the coverage area of the high-frequency radiation patch.
Further, each resonant metal patch is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped grooves are arranged near the B-type metallized via holes.
Further, coaxial line through holes are formed in the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, the coaxial line through holes in the first dielectric plate are arranged at the center of the low-frequency radiation patch, and the coaxial line through holes in the second dielectric plate are arranged at the center of the high-frequency radiation patch;
the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed at the center of the metal floor, the inner conductor of the coaxial line passes through the third dielectric plate from the center of the metal floor and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch sequentially through coaxial line through holes on the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate.
According to the low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the low-frequency omnidirectional radiation is realized by utilizing the low-frequency radiation patch to work in the TM01 mode and the TM02 mode, and simultaneously, a resonance point is generated at low frequency by utilizing the four split ring resonators, so that the coverage of the frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz is realized. Further, four resonant metal patches are connected with the metal floor in a short circuit mode to generate one resonant point at high frequency, and then the high-frequency radiation patches are utilized to generate another resonant point at high frequency, so that omnidirectional radiation in the 3.3-4.2GHz frequency band is achieved. Finally, a third annular groove is also provided on the metal floor to improve the effect of the high frequency radiating patch on low frequency impedance matching. The utility model realizes omnidirectional radiation with multi-band coverage and has the advantages of good impedance matching, compact structure and low profile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-profile dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a low profile dual frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the top surface structure of a first dielectric plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the upper surface structure of a second dielectric plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the top surface structure of a third dielectric plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the lower surface structure of the third dielectric plate in the embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is an S-parameter diagram obtained by antenna simulation in an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model at the center frequencies of two operating bands.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the low-profile dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a first dielectric plate 11, a second dielectric plate 12, a third dielectric plate 13, a low-frequency radiation patch 2, a high-frequency radiation patch 3, a resonant metal patch 4, a metal floor 5, a coaxial line, a type-a metal short-circuiting column 61, a type-B metal short-circuiting column 62 and a type-C metal short-circuiting column 63.
The first dielectric plate 11, the second dielectric plate 12 and the third dielectric plate 13 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixedly connected through four support columns 10. Wherein the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12 are square, and the third dielectric plate 13 is circular.
The low-frequency radiation patch 2 is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 11, and omnidirectional radiation in a low frequency band is realized by working in TM01 and TM02 modes; the high-frequency radiation patch 3 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 12 to generate a resonance point at high frequency; the metal floor 5 is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 13; the resonant metal patch 4 is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate 13.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the low-frequency radiation patch 2 is circular overall, and two annular grooves and four fan-shaped annular grooves 23 are etched on the low-frequency radiation patch 2 for improving impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency; the two annular grooves comprise a first annular groove 21 and a second annular groove 22 which are concentrically arranged, wherein the diameter of the first annular groove 21 is smaller than that of the second annular groove 22, the first annular groove 21 is arranged near the center of the low-frequency radiation patch 2, and the second annular groove 22 is arranged near the edge of the low-frequency radiation patch 2; the four annular grooves 23 are radially arranged between the first annular groove 21 and the second annular groove 22 and are circumferentially and sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent annular grooves 23 is 90 degrees, the radian of each annular groove 23 is smaller than 90 degrees, an annular patch 24 is respectively arranged in each annular groove 23, and a certain capacity gap exists between the outer edge of the annular patch 24 and the inner edge of the annular groove 23.
As shown in fig. 4, the high-frequency radiation patch 3 is obtained by etching four fan-shaped annular gaps 30 at the edge of a circular metal patch, the four fan-shaped annular gaps 30 are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent fan-shaped annular gaps 30 is 90 degrees, and the radian of each fan-shaped annular gap 30 is smaller than 90 degrees; the four fan-shaped annular gaps 30 are respectively and correspondingly arranged below the four fan-shaped annular grooves 23 of the low-frequency radiation patch 2.
As shown in fig. 5, four resonant metal patches 4 are respectively and correspondingly arranged below four fan-shaped annular grooves 23 of the low-frequency radiation patch 2; the four resonant metal patches 4 are all in a sector ring shape and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent resonant metal patches 4 is 90 degrees, and the radian of each resonant metal patch 4 is smaller than 90 degrees.
As shown in fig. 6, the metal floor 5 is circular, and a third annular groove 50 is provided near the center of the metal floor 5 to improve the impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency.
The coaxial line is led in from the lower part of the third dielectric plate 13, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor 5, and the inner conductor 60 of the coaxial line sequentially passes through the third dielectric plate 13, the second dielectric plate 12 and the first dielectric plate 11 and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch 3 and the low-frequency radiation patch 2.
Specifically, coaxial via holes 70 are formed on the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12, the coaxial via hole 70 on the first dielectric plate 11 is arranged at the center of the low-frequency radiation patch 2, and the coaxial via hole 70 on the second dielectric plate 12 is arranged at the center of the high-frequency radiation patch 3; the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed at the center of the metal floor 5, and the inner conductor 60 of the coaxial line passes through the third dielectric plate 13 from the center of the metal floor 5 and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch 3 and the low-frequency radiation patch 2 sequentially through the coaxial line via holes 70 on the second dielectric plate 12 and the first dielectric plate 11.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the a-type metal shorting post 61 sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate 11, the second dielectric plate 12 and the third dielectric plate 13 to short-circuit the low-frequency radiation patch 2 and the metal floor 5; the B-type metal short-circuit column 62 sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate 11, the second dielectric plate 12 and the third dielectric plate 13, and the resonant metal patch 4 is in short-circuit connection with the metal floor 5 through the B-type metal short-circuit column 62 so as to generate another resonant point at high frequency; the four fan-shaped annular patches 24 are respectively connected with the metal floor 5 in a short circuit way through a B-type metal short-circuit column 62, so that the capacitive gaps between the four fan-shaped annular patches 24 and the four fan-shaped annular grooves 23 respectively form four open annular resonators to generate a resonance point at low frequency; the C-type metal shorting post 63 sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12, and connects the low-frequency radiation patch 2 and the high-frequency radiation patch 3 in a short-circuit manner, so as to improve impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency.
Specifically, four a-type metallized through holes 71 are formed in the first dielectric plate 11, and one a-type metallized through hole 71 is formed in the low-frequency radiation patch 2 between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular grooves 23; four class a metallized vias 71 are also disposed at corresponding locations on the third dielectric plate 13;
four A-type metal short-circuit columns 61 are arranged, and the upper ends of the four A-type metal short-circuit columns 61 are electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch 2 through four A-type metal through holes 71 on the first dielectric plate 11 respectively; the lower ends of the four class a metal shorting posts 61 are electrically connected to the metal floor 5 through four class a metallized vias 71 on the third dielectric plate 13, respectively.
Four B-type metallized through holes 72 are formed in the first dielectric plate 11, and one B-type metallized through hole 72 is formed in the center of each sector ring-shaped patch 24; four B-type metallized through holes 72 are formed in the third dielectric plate 13, and one B-type metallized through hole 72 is formed in the central axis of each resonant metal patch 4;
the number of the B-type metal short-circuit columns 62 is four, and the upper ends of the four B-type metal short-circuit columns 62 are respectively and electrically connected with the four fan-shaped annular patches 24 through four B-type metallized through holes 72 on the first dielectric plate 11; the lower ends of the four B-type metal shorting posts 62 are electrically connected to the four resonant metal patches 4 and the metal floor 5 through four B-type metallized vias 72 on the third dielectric plate 13, respectively.
Four C-type metallized through holes 73 are formed in the first dielectric plate 11, and one C-type metallized through hole 73 is formed in the low-frequency radiation patch 2 between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular grooves 23; four C-type metallized through holes 73 are formed in the second dielectric plate 12, and one C-type metallized through hole 73 is formed in the high-frequency radiation patch 3 between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular gaps 30;
the number of the C-type metal shorting posts 63 is four, and the upper ends of the four C-type metal shorting posts 63 are electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch 2 through four C-type metallized vias 73 on the first dielectric plate 11 respectively: the lower ends of the four C-type metal shorting posts 63 are electrically connected to the high frequency radiating patch 3 through four C-type metallized vias 73 on the second dielectric plate 12, respectively.
Further, the intersection points of the class a metal shorting posts 61 and the class B metal shorting posts 62 and the second dielectric plate 12 are located outside the coverage area of the high frequency radiation patch 3, that is, the class a metal shorting posts 61 and the class B metal shorting posts 62 are not in contact with or connected to the high frequency radiation patch 3.
Further, each of the resonant metal patches 4 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 40, and the arc-shaped groove 40 is arranged near the B-type metallized via 72.
The diameters of the first annular groove 21, the second annular groove 22 and the third annular groove 50 can influence the impedance matching of the antenna. In the embodiment of the present utility model, taking the example of implementing the dual-band coverage of 1.7-2.7GHz and 3.3-4.2GHz, preferably, the diameter of the first annular groove 21 is 5.2mm, the diameter of the second annular groove 22 is 73.4mm, and the diameter of the third annular groove 50 is 15.5mm.
In addition, the curvature and width of the sector annular groove 23, sector annular patch 24, sector annular notch 30, resonating metal patch 4 can also affect the impedance matching of the antenna. Likewise, in the embodiment of the present utility model, to achieve dual band coverage of 1.7-2.7GHz and 3.3-4.2GHz, the following parameters are preferably used:
the radian of the fan-shaped annular groove 23 is 65.5deg, the inner side diameter of the fan-shaped annular groove 23 is 6mm, the outer side diameter is 26mm, and the radial width is 10mm;
the radian of the fan-shaped annular patch 24 is 24.6deg, the inner side diameter of the fan-shaped annular patch 24 is 15mm, the outer side diameter is 16.8mm, and the radial width is 1.8mm;
the radian of the fan-shaped annular gap 30 is 49.6deg, the inner side diameter of the fan-shaped annular gap 30 is 5.6mm, the outer side diameter is 11.6mm, and the radial width is 6mm;
the radian of the resonant metal patch 4 is 75.7mm, the inner diameter of the resonant metal patch 4 is 5.4mm, the outer diameter is 18.6mm, and the radial width is 13.2m.
According to the low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the low-frequency radiation patch is used for realizing the vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation of a low frequency band in a TM01 mode and a TM02 mode, and simultaneously, two annular grooves and four fan-shaped grooves are arranged on the low-frequency radiation patch so as to improve the impedance matching of the antenna at the low frequency. On the basis, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected with the low-frequency radiation patch, and the fan-shaped annular patch in the low-frequency radiation patch is in short circuit connection with the metal floor through the B-type metal short-circuit column, so that four open annular resonators are formed in the capacitive gaps between the fan-shaped annular patch and the fan-shaped annular groove, and another resonance point is generated at low frequency, and therefore coverage of a low frequency band (1.7-2.7 GHz) is achieved.
Further, the four resonant metal patches are shorted to the metal floor through the class B metal shorting posts and the metallized vias, which causes the antenna to create a resonant point at high frequencies. Meanwhile, another resonance point can be generated at a high frequency by using the high-frequency radiation patch, and vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation of a high frequency band can be realized. And the high-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch are connected together through the C-type metal short-circuit column to improve impedance matching of high frequency, so that high frequency band (3.3-4.2 GHz) coverage is realized.
Finally, because the introduction of the high-frequency radiation patch can cause the deterioration of low-frequency impedance matching, the utility model can improve the low-frequency impedance matching by arranging the third annular groove on the metal floor, thereby realizing the 1.7-2.7GHz and 3.3-4.2GHz dual-band stable coverage on the whole.
Fig. 7 is an S parameter diagram obtained by antenna simulation in an embodiment of the present utility model, and it can be seen from the diagram that the working frequency bands of the embodiment of the present utility model are 1.7-2.7GHz and 3.3-4.2GHz, covering the middle-high frequency band of LTE and the 5G mobile communication system.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the XOZ plane and the XOY plane at the center frequencies of the two operating frequency bands according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and it can be seen from the figure that, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the antenna can maintain a relatively good omnidirectional radiation pattern in the frequency band covered by the antenna.
According to the low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the low-frequency omnidirectional radiation is realized by utilizing the low-frequency radiation patch to work in the TM01 mode and the TM02 mode, and simultaneously, a resonance point is generated at low frequency by utilizing the four split ring resonators, so that the coverage of the frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz is realized. Further, four resonant metal patches are connected with the metal floor in a short circuit mode to generate one resonant point at high frequency, and then the high-frequency radiation patches are utilized to generate another resonant point at high frequency, so that omnidirectional radiation in the 3.3-4.2GHz frequency band is achieved. Finally, a third annular groove is also provided on the metal floor to improve the effect of the high frequency radiating patch on low frequency impedance matching.
The utility model improves the impedance matching of each frequency band while realizing the omnidirectional radiation covered by multiple frequency bands; meanwhile, the utility model adopts a structure of laminated arrangement to arrange the low-frequency radiation patch, the high-frequency radiation patch, the resonant metal patch and the metal floor, and adopts the metal short-circuit column to realize connection, so that the structure design is compact and ingenious, and the section of the antenna is greatly reduced while the function of the antenna is improved.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which are all within the scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present utility model is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The low-profile dual-frequency vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna is characterized by comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a low-frequency radiation patch, a high-frequency radiation patch, a resonant metal patch, a metal floor, a coaxial line, a class A metal short-circuit column, a class B metal short-circuit column and a class C metal short-circuit column;
the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixedly connected through the support columns; the low-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and omnidirectional radiation in a low frequency range is realized through working in TM01 and TM02 modes; the high-frequency radiation patch is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate so as to generate a resonance point at high frequency; the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate; the resonant metal patch is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate;
the low-frequency radiation patch is circular as a whole, and two annular grooves and four fan-shaped annular grooves are etched on the low-frequency radiation patch and are used for improving impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency; the two annular grooves comprise a first annular groove and a second annular groove which are concentrically arranged, wherein the diameter of the first annular groove is smaller than that of the second annular groove, the first annular groove is arranged near the center of the low-frequency radiation patch, and the second annular groove is arranged near the edge of the low-frequency radiation patch; the four fan-shaped annular grooves are radially arranged between the first annular groove and the second annular groove, are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle of the central axes of two adjacent fan-shaped annular grooves is 90 degrees, the radian of each fan-shaped annular groove is smaller than 90 degrees, a fan-shaped annular patch is respectively arranged in each fan-shaped annular groove, and a certain capacity gap exists between the outer edge of each fan-shaped annular patch and the inner edge of each fan-shaped annular groove;
the metal floor is circular, and a third annular groove is arranged near the center of the metal floor and is used for improving the impedance matching of the antenna at low frequency;
the coaxial line is led in from the lower part of the third dielectric plate, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed with the metal floor, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line sequentially passes through the third dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch;
the A-type metal short-circuit column sequentially penetrates through the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate to connect the low-frequency radiation patch with the metal floor in a short circuit manner; the B-type metal short-circuit column sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, and the resonant metal patch is in short-circuit connection with the metal floor through the B-type metal short-circuit column so as to generate another resonant point at high frequency; the four fan-shaped annular patches are respectively connected with the metal floor in a short circuit manner through a B-type metal short-circuit column, so that four opening annular resonators are respectively formed in the capacitive gaps between the four fan-shaped annular patches and the four fan-shaped annular grooves, and a resonance point is generated at low frequency; the C-type metal short-circuit column sequentially penetrates through the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and is used for connecting the low-frequency radiation patch with the high-frequency radiation patch in a short-circuit mode and improving impedance matching of the antenna at high frequency.
2. The low-profile dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein the high-frequency radiating patch is obtained by etching four sector ring-shaped notches at the edge of a circular metal patch, the four sector ring-shaped notches are sequentially and uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent sector ring-shaped notches is 90 degrees, and the radian of each sector ring-shaped notch is less than 90 degrees; the four fan ring-shaped notches are respectively and correspondingly arranged below the four fan ring-shaped grooves of the low-frequency radiation patch.
3. The low-profile dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 2, wherein four of the resonant metallic patches are respectively disposed beneath four sector annular grooves of the low-frequency radiating patch; the four resonant metal patches are all in a sector ring shape and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the included angle between the central axes of two adjacent resonant metal patches is 90 degrees, and the radian of each resonant metal patch is smaller than 90 degrees.
4. The low profile dual-band vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 3, wherein the first dielectric plate has four class a metallized vias, one class a metallized via being disposed on the low frequency radiating patch between each adjacent two sector annular grooves; four class A metallized through holes are also arranged at corresponding positions on the third dielectric plate;
the upper ends of the four A-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch through four A-type metallized through holes on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the four A-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the metal floor through four A-type metal through holes on the third dielectric plate.
5. The low profile dual-band vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 4, wherein the first dielectric plate has four class B metallized vias, one class B metallized via being disposed at the center of each sector ring patch; four B-type metallized through holes are formed in the third dielectric plate, and one B-type metallized through hole is formed in the central axis of each resonant metal patch;
the upper ends of the four B-type metal short-circuit columns are respectively and electrically connected with the four fan-shaped annular patches through four B-type metal through holes on the first dielectric plate; the lower ends of the four B-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the four resonant metal patches and the metal floor through four B-type metallized through holes on the third dielectric plate.
6. The low profile dual frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 5, wherein the first dielectric plate has four C-shaped metallized vias, one C-shaped metallized via being disposed on the low frequency radiating patch between each adjacent two sector annular grooves; four C-type metallized through holes are formed in the second dielectric plate, and one C-type metallized through hole is formed in the high-frequency radiation patch between every two adjacent fan-shaped annular gaps;
the upper ends of the four C-type metal short-circuit columns are electrically connected with the low-frequency radiation patch through four C-type metal through holes on the first dielectric plate respectively: the lower ends of the four C-type metal short-circuit posts are respectively and electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch through four C-type metal through holes on the second dielectric plate.
7. The low profile dual frequency, vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 6, wherein the intersection of the class a and class B metal shorting posts with the second dielectric plate is outside the coverage area of the high frequency radiating patch.
8. The low profile dual frequency, vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 5, wherein each resonating metal patch has an arcuate slot disposed adjacent to a class B metallized via.
9. The low-profile dual-frequency vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are provided with coaxial line vias, the coaxial line via on the first dielectric plate is disposed at the center of the low-frequency radiation patch, and the coaxial line via on the second dielectric plate is disposed at the center of the high-frequency radiation patch;
the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded and fixed at the center of the metal floor, the inner conductor of the coaxial line passes through the third dielectric plate from the center of the metal floor and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation patch and the low-frequency radiation patch sequentially through coaxial line through holes on the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate.
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