CN116230260A - All-solid-state all-static micro reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-solid-state all-static micro reactor, which comprises a reactor core container, a graphite matrix arranged in the reactor core container and a control protection mechanism connected with the graphite matrix, wherein the control protection mechanism comprises a plurality of shutdown columns, the shutdown columns are arranged in the graphite matrix, and when the temperature of the graphite matrix rises to a preset temperature, the shutdown columns automatically decompose shutdown substances with negative reactive feedback to the reactor core so as to realize passive shutdown of the reactor. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor is provided with a plurality of shutdown columns, and is decomposed at high temperature by virtue of the natural characteristics of the shutdown columns, so that natural emergency shutdown is realized, and the use of movable components is avoided.

Description

All-solid-state all-static micro reactor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant system equipment and safety, in particular to an all-solid-state all-static micro reactor.

Background

The micro-reactor is particularly suitable for the implementation of a nuclear reactor which can be carried on a vehicle, can be assembled quickly and can be deployed flexibly. The micro-reactor is applied to motor forces at the earliest, and generally refers to vehicle-mounted movable special equipment with high maneuvering performance and rapid assembly. In the fifth sixty of the last century, the demand for caravans has increased dramatically, thereby promoting the rapid development of civil shelter technology.

The main advanced technical requirements of the mobile micro-reactor are as follows: the volume is small, the weight is small, and the mobile transportation is convenient; the height is small, so that the road transportation is convenient; therefore, the critical dimension of the reactor core is required to be small, the heat exchange capacity is high, and the equipment volume is small; the modularization and the integration level are high; intelligent control and high unmanned degree; operator intervention is not required in the event of an accident; the method is suitable for a drying environment, and no additional water source is needed.

From the prior art, the prior art is built on a solid integral steel chain with channels for heat pipes and fuel pellets therein, with each fuel pin of the core abutting three heat pipes in an overall ratio of 1:2. The heat pipe serves as a main heat exchanger, discharging thermal energy from the core.

The problems with this prior art are: more movable components are adopted, for example, an electromagnetic driven shutdown rod is adopted for emergency shutdown under an accident condition, and a motor driven control drum is adopted for the reactive adjustment under a normal operation condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an all-solid-state all-static micro reactor.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an all-solid-state all-static micro reactor is constructed, and comprises a reactor core container, a graphite matrix arranged in the reactor core container and a control protection mechanism connected with the graphite matrix;

the control protection mechanism comprises a plurality of shutdown columns, the shutdown columns are arranged in the graphite matrix, and when the temperature of the graphite matrix rises to a preset temperature, the shutdown columns automatically decompose shutdown substances with negative reactive feedback on a reactor core reactor so as to realize passive shutdown of the reactor.

In some embodiments, the control protection mechanism further comprises a regulating device, wherein the regulating device is filled with a first liquid metal and a second liquid metal, the first liquid metal controls the elevation of the second liquid metal through a thermal expansion and contraction principle, and the second liquid metal has negative reactivity feedback on the reactor core reaction, so that the natural regulation of the reactor core reactivity by the regulating device is realized.

In some embodiments, the first liquid metal is liquid potassium metal, the second liquid metal is high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal, the shutdown column is a column structure made of calcium hydride material, and the shutdown material is calcium hydroxide.

In some embodiments, the adjusting device comprises a box and an extension sleeve connected with the box and extending into the graphite substrate, the extension sleeve protrudes out of the bottom end of the graphite substrate, the extension sleeve comprises an extension inner tube and an extension outer tube, and the extension outer tube is arranged on the periphery of the extension inner tube.

In some embodiments, a sleeve lower end socket for communicating the inner pipe and the outer pipe is arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe, the first liquid metal is placed in the box body and flows into the inner pipe and the sleeve lower end socket, and the second liquid metal is placed at the lower part of the inner pipe;

when the temperature of the reactor core is increased, the first liquid metal gradually stretches into the outer tube after being heated and expanded, and the original space of the second liquid metal is occupied, so that the liquid level of the second liquid metal in the outer tube is increased, and then the second liquid metal enters the graphite matrix.

In some embodiments, the control and protection mechanism further comprises a safety bar and a drive device in driving connection with the safety bar;

a safety pore canal for accommodating the safety rod is formed in the graphite matrix;

when the reactor needs to be started, the safety rod is put forward; and inserting the safety rod into the safety duct when the reactor needs to be actively shut down.

In some embodiments, the safety rod has a metallic material disposed therein that is highly absorptive of neutrons.

In some embodiments, the graphite matrix is further provided with a plurality of extending channels for the extending sleeves to penetrate through and a plurality of shutdown tunnels for the shutdown columns to be accommodated;

the graphite substrate takes the safety duct as a central part, the extending channel and the shutdown duct are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the extending channel and the shutdown duct are all arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the safety duct.

In some embodiments, the reactor further comprises a gas treatment device for treating the gas after pyrolysis of the shutdown column, wherein the gas treatment device is provided with a passive gas combiner.

In some embodiments, the graphite substrate is provided with a plurality of fuel dispersion regions;

the all-solid-state all-static microreactor also includes a fuel assembly including fuel particles dispersed within the fuel dispersion region.

In some embodiments, the fuel particles are TRISO particles.

In some embodiments, a shielding body is arranged on the inner wall surface of the reactor core container, the shielding body is made of foam metal, and shielding materials are filled in the foam metal.

In some embodiments, the metal foam is aluminum foam or nickel foam; the shielding material is a polymer shielding material or a composite preparation ceramic shielding material.

In some embodiments, the reactor further comprises a thermoelectric conversion device for converting thermal energy of the reactor into electric energy, the thermoelectric conversion device comprises a plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules for converting the thermal energy of the reactor into electric energy, and the plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules are arranged on the outer wall surface of the reactor core container and are arranged at intervals along the outer wall surface of the reactor core container.

The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the all-solid-state all-static micro reactor comprises a reactor core container, a graphite matrix arranged in the reactor core container and a reactor control protection mechanism connected with the graphite matrix, wherein the reactor control protection mechanism comprises a plurality of shutdown columns, the shutdown columns are arranged in the graphite matrix, and when the temperature of the graphite matrix rises to a preset temperature, the shutdown columns automatically decompose shutdown substances with negative reactive feedback to the reactor core reactor so as to realize passive shutdown of the reactor. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor is provided with a plurality of shutdown columns, and is decomposed at high temperature by virtue of the natural characteristics of the shutdown columns, so that natural emergency shutdown is realized, and the use of movable components is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-solid-state all-static microreactor in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a structural top view of an all-solid-state all-static microreactor in some embodiments of the invention.

Detailed Description

For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", "tail", etc. are configured and operated in specific directions based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have specific directions, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

It should also be noted that unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly" or "indirectly" on the other element or one or more intervening elements may also be present. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, whereby features defining "first," "second," "third," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to some embodiments of the present invention includes a core vessel 1, a graphite matrix 2 disposed in the core vessel 1, and a control protection mechanism 3 connected to the graphite matrix 2, wherein the core vessel 1 is a cylindrical structure made of stainless steel, the stainless steel has good strength and rigidity, and is resistant to corrosion, high temperature oxidation, and simple to maintain, the cross section of the core vessel 1 may be circular or hexagonal, and in other embodiments, the cross section of the core vessel 1 may be rectangular, elliptical, or other shapes, which are not limited herein.

The control and protection mechanism 3 includes an adjusting device 31 and a plurality of shutdown columns 32, wherein the shutdown columns 32 are disposed in the graphite matrix 2, and when the temperature of the graphite matrix 2 increases to a predetermined temperature, the shutdown columns 32 automatically decompose shutdown materials with negative reactive feedback to the reactor core, so as to realize passive shutdown of the reactor. Preferably, the shutdown column 32 is a column structure made of calcium hydride material, and the shutdown material is calcium hydroxide, and the reaction formula of the decomposition of the calcium hydride and water at high temperature is:

CaH ₂ +2H ₂ O＝Ca(OH) ₂ +2H ₂ 。

it will be appreciated that the overall reactor design is extremely simplified, thus greatly reducing the initial events, and that several columns of calcium hydride material are disposed in the graphite matrix 2, relying on the natural characteristics of calcium hydride to achieve a natural emergency shutdown. The normal operating temperature of the reactor is designed to be lower than 700 ℃, hydrogen in the calcium hydride can be decomposed in a high-temperature environment of more than 800 ℃, and meanwhile, the hydrogen reacts with water to generate calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can have larger negative reactivity on the reactor core reactivity, so that emergency shutdown reactive introduction under abnormal operating conditions (namely accident conditions) is realized, reactor shutdown is caused, in emergency conditions, for example, the temperature of the reactor core is increased due to the fact that cooling capacity is lost, and the reactor is automatically shutdown according to the material characteristics of the calcium hydride.

In some embodiments, the adjusting device 31 is filled with the first liquid metal 311 and the second liquid metal 312, the first liquid metal 311 controls the elevation of the second liquid metal 312 according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, that is, the second liquid metal 312 enters or leaves the core area, and the second liquid metal 312 has negative reactive feedback on the core reaction, so that the adjusting device 31 naturally adjusts the core reaction. Preferably, the first liquid metal 311 is liquid potassium metal and the second liquid metal 312 is high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal.

Specifically, the adjusting device 31 is used for adjusting the reactivity of the reactor in normal operation, and comprises a box 313 and an extending sleeve 314 connected with the box 313 and extending into the graphite substrate 2, wherein the extending sleeve 314 protrudes out of the bottom end of the graphite substrate 2, the extending sleeve 314 comprises an extending inner tube 3141 and an extending outer tube 3142, and the extending outer tube 3142 is arranged at the periphery of the extending inner tube 3141. And the lower end of the inner pipe 3141 is provided with a sleeve lower seal head 31411 for communicating the inner pipe 3141 and the outer pipe 3142, the first liquid metal 311 is placed in the box 313 and flows into the inner pipe 3141 and the sleeve lower seal head 31411, and the second liquid metal 312 is placed in the lower part of the sleeve 314.

When the temperature of the core increases, the first liquid metal 311 gradually stretches into the outer tube 3142 after being heated and expanded, so as to occupy the original space of the second liquid metal 312, and the liquid level of the second liquid metal 312 increases after stretching into the outer tube 3142, and then the second liquid metal enters the graphite matrix 2.

Specifically, the tank 313 may be loaded with liquid potassium metal that, after expansion, flows downward through the inner tube 3141, which may squeeze the high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal into the outer tube 3142, thereby squeezing the high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal into the graphite matrix 2. The high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal can be located at the part protruding out of the bottom end of the graphite matrix 2 in the extending sleeve 314 in the initial state, after the liquid potassium metal is heated and expanded, the high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal is extruded, moves upwards after extending into the outer tube 3142, enters the position on the bottom end of the graphite matrix 2, and then enters the graphite matrix 2, as the high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal has a larger neutron absorption section, the reactor core can introduce negative reactivity, as the temperature of the reactor core is continuously increased, more and more high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal enters the graphite matrix 2, when the temperature of the reactor core is reduced, the corresponding liquid potassium metal volume is reduced, the high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal leaves the graphite matrix 2 and flows back into the extending sleeve 314, and reactor reaction introducing reactivity is realized, so that the control of the reactor core reactivity is realized, the utilization rate of the high enrichment degree 6Li liquid metal is improved, and the stable operation of the all-solid all-state micro reactor is ensured.

It can be understood that the temperature of the liquid potassium metal changes along with the temperature of the reactor core, and the elevation of the liquid metal with high enrichment degree 6Li is controlled by the expansion and contraction of the liquid potassium metal. Since the high enrichment 6Li liquid metal has a large negative reactivity feedback, it enters or leaves the core, and an adjustment of the core reactivity can be achieved. These adjustments are self-adjusting and do not require any human intervention.

Further, the all-solid-state all-static micro reactor also comprises a gas treatment device for treating the gas after pyrolysis of the shutdown column, wherein a passive gas combiner is arranged in the gas treatment device. It will be appreciated that since the calcium hydride material column decomposes hydrogen gas at high temperature, the pressure in the core vessel 1 will be increased by the decomposition of hydrogen gas, and the passive gas recombiner of hydrogen gas in the gas treatment device will perform passive treatment to avoid overpressure of the core vessel 1.

In some embodiments, the control protection mechanism 3 further comprises a safety rod 33 and a driving device in driving connection with the safety rod 33, the graphite substrate 2 is provided with a safety hole 21 for accommodating the safety rod 33, and when the reactor needs to be started, the safety rod 33 is lifted; when the reactor needs to be actively shut down, a safety rod 33 is inserted into the safety tunnel 21. It will be appreciated that the safety bar 33 may be placed in the centre of the graphite matrix 2 for critical safety assurance and reactor start-up. The safety bar 33 is driven by a driving device and can be inserted into or withdrawn from the graphite base 2. The reactor only needs to be provided with safety bars 33 at start-up, and natural control is achieved by means of the natural properties of the regulating device 31 throughout the subsequent life. Safety bars 33 are artificially inserted into the graphite matrix 2 when active shutdown of the reactor is required.

Preferably, the safety bar 33 is provided with a metal material having high absorptivity to the medium. The metal material can be hafnium, has the characteristics of plasticity, easy processing, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, is an important material in the atomic energy industry, has a large thermal neutron capture section, is an ideal neutron absorber, and can be used as a safety rod 33 of a reactor to slow down the rate of nuclear chain reaction.

In some embodiments, the graphite substrate 2 is further provided with a plurality of extending channels 22 through which the extending sleeves 314 extend and a plurality of shutdown channels 23 for accommodating the shutdown columns 32, the graphite substrate 2 uses the safety channel 21 as a central portion, and the extending channels 22 and the shutdown channels 23 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the extending channels 22 and the shutdown channels 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the safety channel 21. It will be appreciated that the shutdown columns 32 are arranged diagonally within the graphite matrix 2 and are positioned near the center of the graphite matrix 2 to timely sense temperature changes to decompose and achieve shutdown, and that in other embodiments, the specific location and dimensions of the shutdown columns 32 may be further optimized for core temperature fields.

Specifically, the graphite substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of fuel dispersion regions 24, and the all-solid-state all-static micro-reactor further comprises a fuel assembly 6, wherein the fuel assembly 6 comprises fuel particles dispersed in the fuel dispersion regions 24. Preferably, the fuel particles are TRISO particles, and the graphite matrix 2 has the advantage of high temperature resistance and good thermal conductivity, and the TRISO particles are directly dispersed in tens of fuel dispersion areas 24 in the graphite matrix 2, and the TRISO particles are small in size, safe, efficient and high-temperature resistant.

Preferably, the inner wall surface of the core vessel 1 is provided with a shielding body 4, the shielding body 4 is made of foam metal, and the foam metal is filled with shielding material. The foam metal not only has the hardness of metal, but also has the advantage of small bulk density; the small volume density also determines the light weight of the device, and the device has the characteristics of sound absorption, heat insulation, shock absorption and the like, and can absorb impact energy and electromagnetic waves in the use process. It can be understood that the shielding body 4 is made of foam metal, so that the combination of two safety functions of radioactive containment and reliable heat conduction can be realized, the foam metal is used as a structural supporting body, and is filled with shielding materials, so that the shielding efficiency of unit volume is improved, and meanwhile, the shielding body has higher heat conductivity and is beneficial to heat conduction of a reactor core. And the foam metal is used as a shielding material, so that the design of the reactor is further simplified, and the weight is reduced. Preferably, the metal foam is aluminum foam or nickel foam; the shielding material is a polymer shielding material or a composite preparation ceramic shielding material. In other embodiments, the foam or shielding material may be made of other materials, and is not specifically limited herein.

The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor further comprises a thermoelectric conversion device 5, the thermoelectric conversion device 5 comprises a plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules 51, and the plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules 51 are arranged on the outer wall surface of the reactor core container 1 and are arranged at intervals along the outer wall surface of the reactor core container 1. It is to be understood that the all-solid-state all-static micro reactor adopts the semiconductor TE static thermoelectric conversion technology, a plurality of semiconductor TE-based static thermoelectric conversion modules 51 are provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the reactor core vessel 1, and the outer wall surface of the reactor core vessel 1 and the static thermoelectric conversion modules 51 are welded or connected by using a high heat conductive material. The static thermoelectric conversion module 51 has high reliability compared with the dynamic thermoelectric conversion technology, and meanwhile, on the basis of stability and reliability, a multi-module design is adopted, and the failure of a single module does not affect the overall system function. Semiconductor thermoelectric conversion the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation device with high reliability, long service life and high efficiency is developed by the method of multi-scale composite unbalanced preparation, p-type and n-type particle cutting assembly and precise combination of particles and substrate electrodes, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

The thermoelectric conversion device 5 has the characteristics of no moving parts, simple maintenance, high reliability and the like. The thermoelectric material has a property of directly converting thermal energy into electric energy, and the thermoelectric conversion device 5 is a device for converting thermal energy into electric energy using the thermoelectric material. Since this energy conversion is achieved by utilizing the movement of the carriers within the material driven by a temperature gradient, the thermoelectric conversion device 5 has the following advantages:

1. higher reliability, such as the thermoelectric conversion device 5 being able to operate for a longer period of time without any maintenance for a longer period of time, and without degradation in performance;

2. the service life of the thermoelectric conversion device 5 can reach more than 30 a;

3. the maintenance cost is low, the thermoelectric conversion device 5 can continuously run for more than 8000 hours, and after maintenance for a few hours, small parts can be put into operation again;

4. no exhaust gas and waste liquid are discharged, and no mechanical vibration and noise are generated.

As can be appreciated, the all-solid-state all-static microreactor has the following beneficial effects:

1. a plurality of calcium hydride material columns are arranged in the graphite matrix 2, and natural emergency shutdown is realized by virtue of the natural characteristics of calcium hydride and decomposition at high temperature.

2. The whole reactor and the thermoelectric conversion device 5 realize "all solid state+all static+zero energy": the design of the high-performance graphite matrix 2/TRISO fuel integrated all-solid reactor core is provided, the whole reactor core has no flowing medium or any movable part, the coupling of the high-heat-conductivity light foam metal shielding realizes the fusion of two safety functions of radioactive containment and reliable derivation of waste heat, the shielding efficiency of unit volume is improved, the design of the reactor is further simplified, the weight is reduced, and the high-heat-conductivity light foam metal shielding has good heat-conducting characteristics.

Particularly, most of the existing micro reactors adopt a reactor core with flowing cooling working medium, and a plurality of modes for enabling the cooling working medium to flow adopt a pump driving mode, so that heat of the reactor core is carried out through the flowing of the working medium. The existing reactors mostly adopt Rankine cycle or Brayton cycle, and adopt corresponding active system equipment to realize the conversion from thermal power, kinetic energy and electric energy.

In this embodiment, the heat transfer path of the entire core is: fuel assembly 6→graphite substrate 2→shield 4→core vessel 1→thermoelectric conversion device 5→heat sink. The design of the efficient static thermoelectric conversion system is provided, no movable part is involved, the technical maturity is high, the heat conduction of the reactor can be guaranteed under any condition, and the system is safe and reliable. Therefore, in the present embodiment, neither the core nor the thermoelectric conversion system has an active component.

In general, the all-solid-state all-static micro reactor has high reliability of all-solid-state + all-static + zero-active + zero operation, the whole reactor core system and the thermoelectric conversion system have no fluid, no flow dependence, the whole system has no active parts, and no operation is needed after the whole system is started.

3. The whole reactor and the thermoelectric conversion system realize zero operation, natural control and natural safety: the reactor reactivity fluctuation is creatively regulated by adopting the regulating device 31 in the reactor core design, and the regulating device 31 utilizes the principles of thermal expansion and contraction of liquid potassium metal and the negative reaction feedback of high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal, so that the reactor reactivity is regulated, the stable power operation of the reactor is realized, and the zero operation and natural control are realized. The comprehensive intelligent electricity storage and utilization management system based on energy storage realizes intelligent autonomous control of the micro reactor under the unmanned condition of long service life, and ensures that the reactor is reliable for a long time and unattended. The design scheme of safe shutdown of the subcritical function of the reactor is realized by providing volatilization of the high-temperature calcium hydride moderator, and natural and reliable safe shutdown control is realized; the emergency waste heat removal of the normal power level of 0-100% in the full-range working condition is realized through the heat conduction of the reactor core, so that the natural safety is realized.

In general, the all-solid-state all-static micro reactor has natural characteristics, realizes natural control under normal operation conditions and natural safety under accident conditions, specifically, realizes natural regulation characteristics of temperature and power through the regulating device 31 during normal operation, realizes power matching of the reactor and a user through the thermoelectric conversion device 5 and the intelligent electricity storage and management system, realizes natural emergency shutdown through the calcium hydride shutdown column 32 under accident conditions, and realizes natural emergency waste heat removal through heat conduction of the all-solid reactor core.

4. Unattended during life: by extraction of the safety rod 33, active start of the reactor is achieved; after the start-up of the reactor, the temperature and power of the reactor are regulated by means of the regulating device 31. If active shutdown is required, a safety rod 33 is inserted. If an accident occurs and emergency shutdown is needed, the volatilization of the high-temperature calcium hydride moderator is automatically triggered, and the intrinsically safe emergency shutdown is realized based on the mechanism, so that personnel on duty and personnel operation are not needed in the whole life period.

It is to be understood that the above examples only represent preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (14)

1. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor is characterized by comprising a reactor core container (1), a graphite matrix (2) arranged in the reactor core container (1) and a control protection mechanism (3) connected with the graphite matrix (2);

the control protection mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of shutdown columns (32), the shutdown columns (32) are arranged in the graphite matrix (2), and when the temperature of the graphite matrix (2) is increased to a preset temperature, the shutdown columns (32) automatically decompose shutdown substances with negative reactive feedback on a reactor core reaction so as to realize passive shutdown of the reactor.

2. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the control protection mechanism (3) further comprises an adjusting device (31), wherein a first liquid metal (311) and a second liquid metal (312) are loaded in the adjusting device (31), the first liquid metal (311) realizes elevation control of the second liquid metal (312) through a thermal expansion and contraction principle, and the second liquid metal (312) has negative reactivity feedback on the reactor core reaction, so that natural adjustment of the reactor core reactivity by the adjusting device (31) is realized.

3. The all-solid-state all-static micro-reactor according to claim 2, wherein the first liquid metal (311) is liquid potassium metal, the second liquid metal (312) is high-enrichment 6Li liquid metal, the shutdown column (32) is a column structure made of calcium hydride material, and the shutdown material is calcium hydroxide.

4. An all-solid-state all-static microreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the regulating device (31) comprises a tank (313) and an extension sleeve (314) connected to the tank (313) and extending into the graphite substrate (2), the extension sleeve (314) protruding from the bottom end of the graphite substrate (2);

the extending sleeve (314) comprises an extending inner tube (3141) and an extending outer tube (3142), and the extending outer tube (3142) is arranged on the periphery of the extending inner tube (3141).

5. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to claim 4, wherein a lower end of the inner tube (3141) is provided with a sleeve lower end socket (31411) for communicating the inner tube (3141) with the outer tube (3142), the first liquid metal (311) is placed in the tank (313) and flows into the inner tube (3141) and the sleeve lower end socket (31411), and the second liquid metal (312) is placed in a lower part of the inner sleeve (314);

when the temperature of the reactor core is increased, the first liquid metal (311) gradually stretches into the outer tube (3142) after being heated and expanded, so as to occupy the original space of the second liquid metal (312), and the liquid level of the second liquid metal (312) in the outer tube (3142) is increased, and then the second liquid metal enters the graphite matrix (2).

6. The all-solid-state all-static microreactor according to claim 4, characterized in that the control and protection mechanism (3) further comprises a safety bar (33) and a drive device in driving connection with the safety bar (33);

a safety duct (21) for accommodating the safety rod (33) is arranged in the graphite substrate (2);

-presenting said safety bar (33) when said reactor needs to be started; the safety rod (33) is inserted into the safety tunnel (21) when the reactor requires an active shut-down.

7. The all-solid-state all-static microreactor according to claim 6, characterized in that a metallic material having high absorption for neutrons is provided in the safety rod (33).

8. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to claim 6, wherein the graphite substrate (2) is further provided with a plurality of extending channels (22) for the extending sleeves (314) to penetrate through and a plurality of shutdown tunnels (23) for the shutdown columns (32) to be accommodated;

the graphite substrate (2) takes the safety duct (21) as a central part, the extending-in channel (22) and the shutdown duct (23) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the extending-in channel (22) and the shutdown duct (23) are all arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the safety duct (21).

9. The all-solid-state all-static microreactor of claim 1, further comprising a gas treatment device for treating gas after pyrolysis by the shutdown column, wherein a passive gas combiner is provided in the gas treatment device.

10. An all-solid-state all-static microreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the graphite substrate (2) is provided with a plurality of fuel dispersion areas (24);

the all-solid-state all-static microreactor further comprises a fuel assembly (6), the fuel assembly (6) comprising fuel particles dispersed within the fuel dispersion region (24).

11. The all-solid-state all-static microreactor of claim 10, wherein the fuel particles are TRISO particles.

12. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to claim 1, wherein a shielding body (4) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the reactor core container (1), the shielding body (4) is made of foam metal, and shielding materials are filled in the foam metal.

13. The all-solid-state all-static microreactor of claim 12, wherein the metal foam is aluminum foam or nickel foam; the shielding material is a polymer shielding material or a composite preparation ceramic shielding material.

14. The all-solid-state all-static micro reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a thermoelectric conversion device (5) for converting thermal energy of the reactor into electrical energy, wherein the thermoelectric conversion device (5) comprises a plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules (51), and the plurality of static thermoelectric conversion modules (51) are arranged on the outer wall surface of the reactor core container (1) and are arranged at intervals along the outer wall surface of the reactor core container (1).

Images