CN116220620A - Pressure relief and permeability improvement device and method for coal seam drilling - Google Patents

Pressure relief and permeability improvement device and method for coal seam drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116220620A
CN116220620A CN202211433645.5A CN202211433645A CN116220620A CN 116220620 A CN116220620 A CN 116220620A CN 202211433645 A CN202211433645 A CN 202211433645A CN 116220620 A CN116220620 A CN 116220620A
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China
Prior art keywords
drilling
coal seam
pressure relief
drill rod
hollow drill
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Pending
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CN202211433645.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄中伟
杨睿月
李根生
李敬彬
王斌
史怀忠
王海柱
盛茂
温海涛
陈健翔
秦小舟
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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Priority to CN202211433645.5A priority Critical patent/CN116220620A/en
Publication of CN116220620A publication Critical patent/CN116220620A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device and a method thereof, wherein the coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device comprises a tunnel drilling machine, a steering gear and a continuous oil pipe, the tunnel drilling machine is used for drilling in a coal seam and forming a main drilling hole, and the tunnel drilling machine is provided with a hollow drill rod; the steering device is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and one end of the steering device, which is positioned at the inlet, is connected with the hollow drill rod so as to enable the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod to be communicated with the steering channel; the front end of the coiled tubing is provided with a tool string which can drill on the inner wall of the main drilling hole to form branch drilling holes, the tool string sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity, the inlet, the steering channel and the outlet of the hollow drill rod, and the azimuth of the hollow drill rod is adjusted, so that the outlet of the steering device corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole, and a plurality of branch drilling holes are formed by drilling on different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole. The invention solves the technical problem that the high-efficiency pressure relief of the hard coal seam cannot be realized.

Description

Pressure relief and permeability improvement device and method for coal seam drilling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine construction, in particular to a pressure relief and reflection prevention device for coal seam drilling and a method thereof, and particularly relates to a pressure relief and reflection prevention device for coal mine roadway continuous feeding abrasive jet drilling and a method thereof.
Background
Coal is an important guarantee of energy safety, and gas is used as an associated product of coal mine production, so that the coal mine efficient and safe production is seriously threatened. Meanwhile, gas is also a greenhouse gas, and the greenhouse effect of the gas is 30 times that of carbon dioxide. Accelerating the gas extraction and utilization of the coal mine, being beneficial to guaranteeing the safe production of the coal mine, reducing the gas explosion accident and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.
Because the coal bed has the characteristics of poor permeability and low reservoir pressure, the coal mine gas enhanced extraction faces the problems of small influence range, high extraction difficulty, high gas flow attenuation speed and the like. The hydraulic permeability increasing technology is a key technology for efficiently extracting coal mine gas and mainly comprises a hydraulic fracturing technology, a hydraulic punching technology and a hydraulic slotting technology. Wherein:
the hydraulic fracturing technology is derived from compact oil gas development and mainly comprises underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and ground coal bed methane well fracturing development. The underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing technology is characterized in that fracturing equipment is arranged in a roadway to perform fracturing, and the underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing technology, roof hydraulic fracturing technology, directional long-drilling hydraulic fracturing technology and the like are mainly developed, so that the underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing technology has the characteristics of low cost and short period. However, the fracturing construction cost of the coal bed methane ground well is high, and the extraction coverage is uneven. For broken soft coal beds, hydraulic fracturing is easy to generate fracturing fluid channeling, so that the fracture is short in extension, the transformation range is small, and the problems of stress concentration, gas extraction barrier and the like are caused.
The hydraulic punching technology is to crush the coal body through high-pressure water jet impact to form large-diameter holes, so that the coal body is expanded and deformed, and the coal body around the drill hole is expanded towards the free surface under the action of stress, so that the hole periphery stress field is changed, a pressure relief and permeability increasing area is formed in a certain range, and the air permeability of the coal bed is improved. However, hydraulic punching is mainly applicable to soft and breakable coal seams. When the firmness coefficient of the coal seam is higher, the determination that the punching difficulty is increased and the operation efficiency is reduced exists, and the radius of the corresponding pressure relief extraction influence is reduced.
The hydraulic slotting technology is to cut coal and rock around the drill hole by high-pressure water jet to form slots which are communicated with the original cracks and pores, so that the gas flowing condition is improved. However, due to the difference of the application effects of different types of coal and rock, the whole equipment is in a high pressure-bearing state, and the problems of high accident risk, slow pressure regulation and high later operation and maintenance cost exist, so that the application range is small.
Therefore, in order to effectively reduce jet pressure and solve the problems of limited slotting capability, insufficient water power energy, high pumping pressure (more than 100 MPa) and the like of pure water jet in a hard coal seam, an abrasive jet technology is introduced into coal mining. By adding solid particles into the working medium, high-speed abrasive jet flow is formed, so that the high-efficiency cutting and crushing of the hard coal seam are realized. Compared with pure water jet, the abrasive jet slotting speed is improved by 40%, the slotting depth is improved by about 60%, and the abrasive jet slotting technology has stronger cutting and anti-reflection capabilities, so that the problem of high difficulty in cutting hard coal by pure water can be effectively solved. However, the existing abrasive jet slotting and punching technology and technology are not perfect, and the hydraulic punching technology mostly adopts an underground drill, in the operation process, the single-joint operation needs 2-3 people for auxiliary operation, and the defects of complex disassembly operation, lower drilling efficiency, long construction period, high operation cost and the like exist.
Aiming at the problem that the high-efficiency pressure relief of the hard coal seam cannot be realized in the related technology, no effective solution is provided at present.
Therefore, the inventor provides a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device and a method thereof by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device and a method thereof, which utilize the advantage of efficient rock breaking of abrasive jet flow and integrate hydraulic jet radial horizontal well technology of petroleum engineering, and abrasive jet flow drilling operation is carried out in a main drilling hole of a through-layer drilling hole, so that multiple groups of radial branch drilling holes are generated in a hard coal seam, the purpose of communicating natural cracks in the coal seam is achieved, and the pressure relief and reflection increasing efficiency of the hard coal seam is improved.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following scheme:
the invention provides a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection prevention device, which comprises:
the system comprises a roadway drilling machine, a drilling machine and a drilling machine, wherein the roadway drilling machine is used for drilling in a coal seam and forming a main drilling hole, and is provided with a hollow drill rod;
the steering device is provided with an inlet and an outlet which are respectively communicated with two ends of the steering channel, and one end of the steering device, which is positioned at the inlet, is connected with the hollow drill rod so as to enable the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod to be communicated with the steering channel;
the front end of the coiled tubing is provided with a tool string which can drill on the inner wall of the main drilling hole to form branch drilling holes, the tool string sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod, the inlet, the steering channel and the outlet, the azimuth of the hollow drill rod is regulated, and the outlet of the steering device corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole so as to drill on different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole to form a plurality of branch drilling holes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diverter has a columnar structure, the inlet is located at one end of the diverter, and the outlet is located on a side wall of the diverter, so that the extending direction of the diverting passage is changed from the inlet to the outlet.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tool string comprises a jet nozzle connected to the front end of the coiled tubing and the rear end of the coiled tubing is connected to an abrasive tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a driving pump is provided on the coiled tubing to pump the abrasive in the abrasive tank to the jet nozzle along the coiled tubing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a trajectory detecting element is provided on the jet nozzle or at a position of the front end of the coiled tubing near the jet nozzle to detect a movement trajectory of the jet nozzle during drilling.
The invention provides a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increase method, which adopts the coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increase device and comprises the following steps:
step S1: a diverter is put into a pre-drilled main drilling hole through a hollow drill rod of a roadway drilling machine until the diverter reaches a target interval in a coal bed;
step S2: a tool string is put into the main drilling hole through a coiled tubing, and branch drilling holes are formed in the inner wall of the main drilling hole in a drilling mode;
step S3: adjusting the azimuth of the hollow drill rod in the main drilling hole, enabling the outlet of the diverter to correspond to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole or enabling the outlet of the diverter to be positioned at different intervals of a coal seam, and enabling the tool string to drill the next branch drilling hole;
step S4: and (3) circulating the step S1 to the step S3 to finish the drilling operation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main bore hole is formed by pre-drilling in the coal seam by the tunnel boring machine before the step S1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, after the diverter reaches a target interval in the coal seam, the orientation of the outlet of the diverter is set, and the hollow drill pipe and the diverter are locked.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, a trajectory of the tool string drilling the branch drill hole is detected.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, after unlocking the hollow drill rod and the diverter, the orientation of the hollow drill rod in the main bore is adjusted.
From the above, the coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device and the method thereof have the characteristics and advantages that: the main drilling hole is formed by drilling in the coal seam through the roadway drilling machine, the steering device is connected with the hollow drill rod on the roadway drilling machine, the steering device is lowered into the main drilling hole through the hollow drill rod, the front end of the continuous oil pipe is provided with a tool string, the tool string sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod, the inlet of the steering device, the steering channel and the outlet of the steering device to enter the main drilling hole, the positions of the hollow drill rod are adjusted repeatedly through circulation, the outlet of the steering device corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole, a plurality of branch drilling holes can be formed by drilling at different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole, natural cracks in the coal seam are communicated through the branch drilling holes, and then the cracks can be induced to be generated, so that a three-dimensional pressure relief space is formed, and the problem of low pressure relief efficiency of the hard coal seam is overcome. In addition, the continuous oil pipe feeding mode adopted by the construction operation in the invention omits the procedures of connecting a single oil pipe and disassembling tools of the traditional underground directional drilling machine, effectively reduces the labor intensity, shortens the operation time and improves the drilling efficiency.
Drawings
The following drawings are only for purposes of illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Wherein:
fig. 1: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection prevention device.
Fig. 2: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a jet nozzle in a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device.
Fig. 3: the invention discloses a flow chart of a coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability improvement method.
Fig. 4: the drilling schematic diagram of the main drilling hole in the coal seam drilling hole pressure relief and reflection increase method is provided.
Fig. 5: the method is one of drilling schematic diagrams of the branch drilling holes in the coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability improvement method.
Fig. 6: the method is a second drilling schematic diagram of the branch drilling hole in the coal seam drilling hole pressure relief and permeability improvement method.
The reference numerals in the invention are:
1. a roadway drilling machine; 101. A hollow drill rod;
102. a locking member; 2. A diverter;
201. a diversion channel; 202. An inlet;
203. an outlet; 3. A coiled tubing;
4. an oil pipe roller; 5. Grinding material tanks;
6. driving a pump; 7. An injection head;
8. a tool string; 801. A jet nozzle;
802. a trajectory detection element; 9. A coal seam;
10. a main bore; 11. And (5) branch drilling.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4-6, the invention provides a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection preventing device, which comprises a roadway drilling machine 1, a steering gear 2 and a continuous oil pipe 3, wherein the roadway drilling machine 1 is used for drilling in a coal seam and forming a main drilling hole 10, and the roadway drilling machine 1 is provided with a hollow drill rod 101; a steering channel 201 is formed in the steering device 2, the steering device 2 is provided with an inlet 202 and an outlet 203, the inlet 202 is communicated with one end of the steering channel 201, the outlet 203 is communicated with the other end of the steering channel 201, and one end of the steering device 2, which is positioned at the inlet 202, is connected with the hollow drill rod 101 so that the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 101 is communicated with the steering channel 201; the front end of the coiled tubing 3 is provided with a tool string 8 capable of drilling on the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 to form branch drilling holes 11, the tool string 8 sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity of the hollow drilling rod 101, the inlet 202, the steering channel 201 and the outlet 203 to extend into the main drilling hole 10, the orientation of the hollow drilling rod 101 in the main drilling hole 10 (the change of the axial position of the hollow drilling rod 101 in the main drilling hole 10 or the change of the circumferential position of the hollow drilling rod 101 in the main drilling hole 10) can be adjusted through the roadway drilling machine 1, so that the outlet 203 of the steering gear 2 corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 to drill on different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 to form a plurality of branch drilling holes 11 (the plurality of branch drilling holes 11 are radially distributed on the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10).
According to the invention, a main drilling hole 10 is formed by drilling in a coal seam 9 through a roadway drilling machine 1, a steering gear 2 is connected with a hollow drill rod 101 on the roadway drilling machine 1, the steering gear 2 is lowered into the main drilling hole 10 through the hollow drill rod 101, a tool string 8 is arranged at the front end of a continuous oil pipe 3, the tool string 8 sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 101, an inlet 202 of the steering gear 2, a steering channel 201 and an outlet 203 of the steering gear 2 to enter the main drilling hole 10, the positions of the hollow drill rod 101 are regulated repeatedly in a circulating manner, the outlet 203 of the steering gear 2 can be corresponding to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10, a plurality of branch drilling holes 11 can be formed in different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10, natural cracks in the coal seam 9 are communicated through the branch drilling holes 11, and then three-dimensional pressure relief spaces are formed in the coal seam 9, so that the problem of low pressure relief efficiency of the hard coal seam is overcome. In addition, the continuous oil pipe feeding mode adopted by the construction operation in the invention omits the procedures of connecting a single oil pipe and disassembling tools of the traditional underground directional drilling machine, effectively reduces the labor intensity, shortens the operation time, improves the drilling efficiency, and further effectively improves the gas release efficiency in the coal seam 9.
The main drilling hole 10 is formed by drilling in advance through the roadway drilling machine 1 at a preset position in the coal seam 9, and after the drilling of the main drilling hole 10 is completed, the hollow drill rod 101 is replaced, so that the purpose of lowering the coiled tubing 3 is achieved.
Further, the outside diameter of the coiled tubing 3 may be, but is not limited to, 2.54cm to 5.08cm (i.e., 1 inch to 2 inches).
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the diverter 2 has a cylindrical structure, the inlet 202 is located at one end of the diverter 2, and the outlet 203 is located on a side wall of the diverter 2, so that the extending direction of the diverting passage 201 is changed from the inlet 202 to the outlet 203, so that the extending direction of the coiled tubing 3 between the inlet 202 and the outlet 203 is changed, and thus the branch drilling hole 11 can be drilled on the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 through the tool string 8, and the extending direction of the main drilling hole 10 is not in the same direction as the extending direction of the branch drilling hole 11.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, an included angle is formed between the central axis of the inlet 202 and the central axis of the outlet 203, so that the extending direction of the coiled tubing 3 between the inlet 202 and the outlet 203 is changed after the coiled tubing 3 passes through the diversion channel 201.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tool string 8 includes a jet nozzle 801, the jet nozzle 801 is connected to the front end of the coiled tubing 3, the rear end of the coiled tubing 3 is connected to the abrasive tank 5, the coiled tubing 3 is provided with a driving pump 6, the abrasive tank 5 is used for supplying abrasive to the jet nozzle 801, and clean water is pumped by the driving pump 6, so that the abrasive in the abrasive tank 5 is pumped to the jet nozzle 801 along with the clean water along the coiled tubing 3, and a high abrasive jet is formed at the jet nozzle 801, thereby achieving the purpose of drilling the branch drilling 11. Wherein the drive pump 6 is preferably a high pressure pump. The abrasive in the abrasive bowl 5 may be, but is not limited to, 20 mesh to 40 mesh quartz sand.
Further, the tool string 8 further includes a high-pressure hose, one end of which is connected to the front end of the coiled tubing 3, and the other end of which is connected to the jet nozzle 801.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a track detecting element 802 is disposed on the jet nozzle 801 or at a position of the front end of the coiled tubing 3 near the jet nozzle 801, so as to detect a movement track of the jet nozzle 801 during drilling, thereby knowing a forming track of the branch drilling hole 11, ensuring that an axial length of the branch drilling hole 11 reaches a preset requirement, and avoiding a situation that the branch drilling hole 11 is repeatedly drilled at the same position. Wherein the bore diameter of the branch drilling 11 is 50mm to 60mm, and the axial length of the branch drilling 11 is more than 10cm.
Further, the track detection element 802 may be, but is not limited to, a track recognition sensor and/or a gyroscope. Of course, other elements capable of recognizing and detecting the trajectory of the jet nozzle 801 may be used, and are not limited thereto.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability increasing device further comprises a tubing drum 4, and the coiled tubing 3 is wound on the tubing drum 4.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability increasing device further comprises an injection head 7, and the injection head 7 is arranged on the coiled tubing 3. The tunnel drilling machine 1, the oil pipe roller 4, the grinding material tank 5 and the driving pump are all arranged in an existing tunnel, and a main drilling hole 10 and a branch drilling hole 11 are formed by drilling into a coal seam 9 in the existing tunnel.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a locking member 102 is disposed between the roadway drilling machine 1 and the hollow drill rod 101, and when the hollow drill rod 101 is adjusted to reach a preset orientation, the hollow drill rod 101 can be locked on the roadway drilling machine 1 by the locking member 102, so as to ensure that the position of the hollow drill rod 101 is not changed; when the position of hollow drill rod 101 needs to be adjusted, the lock of hollow drill rod 101 may be released, enabling the position of hollow drill rod 101 to be adjusted. The locking member 102 is a self-carrying structural member of the roadway drilling machine 1, and can lock and unlock the hollow drill rod 101, and the specific structure of the locking member 102 is not limited herein.
The coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device has the characteristics and advantages that:
1. the coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection prevention device can drill into different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 to form a plurality of branch drilling holes 11, natural cracks in the coal seam 9 are communicated through the branch drilling holes 11, so that cracks can be induced to be generated, a three-dimensional pressure relief space is formed in the coal seam 9, and the problem of low pressure relief efficiency of a hard coal seam is solved.
2. In the coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability increasing device, a continuous oil pipe feeding mode is adopted in construction operation, the procedures of connecting a single oil pipe with a traditional underground directional drilling machine, disassembling tools and the like are omitted, labor intensity is effectively reduced, operation time is shortened, drilling efficiency is improved, and then gas release efficiency in a coal seam is effectively improved.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the invention provides a coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection prevention method, which adopts the coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection prevention device, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: lowering the diverter 2 into the pre-drilled main borehole 10 through the hollow drill pipe 101 of the roadway drilling machine 1 until the diverter 2 reaches a target interval in the coal seam 9;
further, in step S1, after the diverter 2 reaches the target interval in the coal seam 9, the orientation of the outlet 203 of the diverter 2 is set, and the hollow drill pipe 101 and the diverter 2 are locked.
Step S2: the tool string 8 is lowered into the main borehole 10 through the coiled tubing 3, a branch borehole 11 is drilled into the inner wall of the main borehole 10, and the trajectory of the branch borehole 11 drilled by the tool string 8 is detected by the trajectory detection element 802.
Step S3: after the locking of the hollow drill rod 101 and the steering gear 2 is released, the position of the hollow drill rod 101 in the main drilling hole 10 is adjusted, so that the outlet 203 of the steering gear 2 corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10 or the outlet 203 of the steering gear 2 is positioned at different layers of coal seams, and the tool string 8 drills the next branch drilling hole 11;
step S4: and (3) circulating the steps S1 to S3 to finish the drilling operation.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the main bore 10 is pre-drilled into the coal seam 9 by the tunnel boring machine 1 prior to step S1.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method for pressure relief and permeability improvement of the coal seam drilling comprises the following steps:
firstly, as shown in fig. 4, a main drilling hole 10 is formed by drilling in a coal seam 9 by adopting a roadway drilling machine 1, a steering gear 2 is lowered into the main drilling hole 10 by utilizing a hollow drill rod 101 arranged on the roadway drilling machine 1, after the steering gear 2 reaches a preset position of a target interval, the azimuth of the steering gear 2 is set, and then the steering gear 2 is locked, so that the azimuth setting of the steering gear 2 and the fixing of the hollow drill rod 101 are completed;
then, as shown in fig. 5, the coiled tubing 3 is lowered, the coiled tubing 3 carries the tool string 8 to sequentially pass through the injection head 7, the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 101 and the steering channel 201 of the steering gear 2, then enters the main drilling hole 10, the driving pump 6 is started to pump clean water into the coiled tubing 3, the clean water passes through the grinding material tank 5 to form high-speed abrasive jet, the high-speed abrasive jet reaches the jet nozzle 801 through the coiled tubing 3, and the high-speed abrasive jet is sprayed onto the inner wall of the main drilling hole 10, so that a branch drilling hole 11 is formed by drilling, and meanwhile, the drilling track of the branch drilling hole 11 is detected through the track detection element 802;
after the drilling of one branch drill 11 is completed, as shown in fig. 6, the locking of the hollow drill rod 101 is released, the steering gear 2 is locked again after the steering gear 2 is adjusted to the next preset position by the tunnel boring machine 1, and the drilling of the branch drill 11 in different orientations is performed in the above-described manner. Of course, the hollow drill rod 101 may be lifted up, so that the hollow drill rod 101 carries the tool string 8 to move to different positions of the coal seam 9, and drilling operations of branch drilling holes 11 at the different positions are completed.
And (5) circulating the operation steps to finish all drilling operations.
The coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increase method has the characteristics and advantages that:
the method for pressure relief and permeability improvement of the coal seam drilling omits the procedures of connecting a single oil pipe with a traditional underground directional drilling machine, disassembling tools and the like, greatly improves the construction efficiency, can form a pressure relief and permeability improvement system with multiple layers and multiple branches of holes in the coal seam, effectively communicates natural cracks, fully relieves pressure, increases air permeability and improves the gas release efficiency.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and are intended to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a coal seam drilling release anti-reflection device which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a roadway drilling machine, a drilling machine and a drilling machine, wherein the roadway drilling machine is used for drilling in a coal seam and forming a main drilling hole, and is provided with a hollow drill rod;
the steering device is provided with an inlet and an outlet which are respectively communicated with two ends of the steering channel, and one end of the steering device, which is positioned at the inlet, is connected with the hollow drill rod so as to enable the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod to be communicated with the steering channel;
the front end of the coiled tubing is provided with a tool string which can drill on the inner wall of the main drilling hole to form branch drilling holes, the tool string sequentially penetrates through the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod, the inlet, the steering channel and the outlet, the azimuth of the hollow drill rod is regulated, and the outlet of the steering device corresponds to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole so as to drill on different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole to form a plurality of branch drilling holes.
2. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing device as in claim 1, wherein said diverter is of a cylindrical configuration, said inlet is located at one end of said diverter, and said outlet is located on a side wall of said diverter such that the direction of extension of said diverter passageway is changed from said inlet to said outlet.
3. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and anti-reflection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool string includes a jet nozzle connected to a forward end of the coiled tubing and a rearward end of the coiled tubing connected to an abrasive tank.
4. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and anti-reflection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a drive pump is provided on the coiled tubing to pump the abrasive in the abrasive tank along the coiled tubing to the jet nozzle.
5. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and anti-reflection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a trajectory detection element is provided on the jet nozzle or at a location on the front end of the coiled tubing proximate to the jet nozzle to detect the trajectory of movement of the jet nozzle during drilling.
6. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability increasing method using the coal seam drilling pressure relief and permeability increasing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step S1: a diverter is put into a pre-drilled main drilling hole through a hollow drill rod of a roadway drilling machine until the diverter reaches a target interval in a coal bed;
step S2: a tool string is put into the main drilling hole through a coiled tubing, and branch drilling holes are formed in the inner wall of the main drilling hole in a drilling mode;
step S3: adjusting the azimuth of the hollow drill rod in the main drilling hole, enabling the outlet of the diverter to correspond to different positions of the inner wall of the main drilling hole or enabling the outlet of the diverter to be positioned at different intervals of a coal seam, and enabling the tool string to drill the next branch drilling hole;
step S4: and (3) circulating the step S1 to the step S3 to finish the drilling operation.
7. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection increasing method as claimed in claim 6, wherein prior to step S1, the main borehole is pre-drilled in the coal seam by the tunnel boring machine.
8. A method of pressure relief and permeability improvement in coal seam drilling as in claim 6 wherein in step S1, after the diverter reaches a target interval in the coal seam, the orientation of the diverter outlet is set and the hollow drill pipe and diverter are locked.
9. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection enhancement method as in claim 6, wherein in step S2, the trajectory of the tool string drilling the branch borehole is detected.
10. A coal seam drilling pressure relief and reflection enhancement method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S3, the orientation of the hollow drill rod within the main bore is adjusted after the locking of the hollow drill rod and the diverter is released.
CN202211433645.5A 2022-11-16 2022-11-16 Pressure relief and permeability improvement device and method for coal seam drilling Pending CN116220620A (en)

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