CN116220413A - House-changing masonry construction process - Google Patents
House-changing masonry construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116220413A CN116220413A CN202310012241.7A CN202310012241A CN116220413A CN 116220413 A CN116220413 A CN 116220413A CN 202310012241 A CN202310012241 A CN 202310012241A CN 116220413 A CN116220413 A CN 116220413A
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2/64—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/06—Solidifying concrete, e.g. by application of vacuum before hardening
- E04G21/08—Internal vibrators, e.g. needle vibrators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
- E04G21/1808—Holders for bricklayers' lines, bricklayers' bars; Sloping braces
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a house-changing masonry construction process, and relates to the technical field of building construction. In order to solve the problem of insufficient wall firmness, the method specifically comprises the following steps: dismantling and reinforcing the original building based on design requirements; leveling an original building surface, and then determining the position of a door and window opening by using a spring wire: building the building position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation by marking each floor elevation on a brick foundation dampproof course or floor; the leather number rod for controlling the vertical dimension and verticality of the masonry is fixed at the four corners of the building, the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, the stairwell and the position with more holes; pre-checking after a guide wall is made; binding pre-buried tie bars and constructional column bars: the tie bars are arranged along the constructional column, the constructional column line is drilled up and down to be planted with stirrups, and the stirrups are bound; the row blocks are placed at the bottom. The invention improves the overall firmness of the wall structure, avoids the situation of cracks or overall collapse caused by local impact of the wall, and ensures uniform stress and normal use in later period of the wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a house-changing masonry construction process.
Background
With the continuous development of social economy, the demand of the building engineering in China is greatly increased, the building construction process is increasingly perfect, and the building shapes are various and various. The masonry engineering is also called masonry engineering, and refers to the construction engineering in which common clay bricks, bearing clay hollow bricks, autoclaved sand-lime bricks, fly ash bricks, various small and medium-sized building blocks, stones and other materials are used for masonry. Because the masonry has good fire resistance, durability, heat preservation and insulation, improved masonry efficiency, material saving and other excellent properties, the masonry process has long become an important component of the construction engineering.
Through searching, the patent with the Chinese patent application number of CN201810939274.5 discloses a construction process of a building block, which comprises the following construction steps: s1, preparation of operation: measuring and paying off, standing a leather counting rod, and stirring an adhesive; s2, paving a foundation surface: pouring and paving concrete; s3, punching holes and planting ribs: punching holes on the paved concrete by using an electric hammer, placing reinforcing steel bars into the holes, and then pouring C fine stone concrete ridge walls for fixing; s4, building a wall: building the block body from bottom to top to form a wall; s5: and (5) obliquely building and capping the wall body building top bricks. The construction process of the building block in the patent has the following defects: the stress between the building blocks is dispersed, the firmness is insufficient, and when the building blocks are subjected to earthquake or external impact, the wall body is most likely to be damaged, so that cracks are generated, and the normal use of the wall body in the later period is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a house-changing masonry construction process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a house-changing masonry construction process comprises the following steps:
s1: dismantling and reinforcing the original building based on design requirements;
s2: leveling an original building surface, and then determining the position of a door and window opening by using a spring wire: building the building position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation by marking each floor elevation on a brick foundation dampproof course or floor;
s3: the leather number rod for controlling the vertical dimension and verticality of the masonry is fixed at the four corners of the building, the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, the stairwell and the position with more holes;
s4: pre-checking after a guide wall is made;
s5: binding pre-buried tie bars and constructional column bars: the tie bars are arranged along the constructional column, the constructional column line is drilled up and down to be planted with stirrups, and the stirrups are bound;
s6: bottom placing of row blocks: checking whether the released ink line meets the module requirement of the brick at the door and window opening;
s7: preparing masonry mortar and building a block wall;
s8: pouring the ring beam and the lintel constructional column of the original building:
s9: masonry wall: arranging and building the wall bodies on the ring beams according to the size of the wall sections, and filling the gaps with mortar;
s10: cleaning and pointing the wall after the construction is finished;
s11: casting the lintel constructional column: inserting a small vibrating rod for vibrating pouring, and reserving a height of 30mm at the top of the constructional column without pouring;
s12: after 7d of construction, the anti-corrosion wooden wedges are plugged at the two sides of each block at the top of the wall for fastening, foaming agent or rock filling cotton is used for plugging Gorgon fruit, and C20 fine stone concrete is used for filling gaps among the blocks at the top of the wall;
s13: quality verification;
dismantling and reinforcing the original building, including dismantling or reinforcing a reconstructed wall, dismantling or constructing an original electromechanical pipeline, dismantling or constructing an original curtain wall, and dismantling or constructing an escalator;
the leveling mode is cement mortar or fine stone concrete;
the brick foundation moisture-proof layer adopts cement waterproof mortar;
the leather counter bars are wooden or aluminum marker bars, and all the used leather counter bars are vertical, firm and consistent in elevation;
the both sides face of masonry wall all is the equidistant stay and is equipped with multiunit longitudinal arrangement's stay groove, and every group stays the inslot wall and is provided with same reinforcement strip.
Preferably: the door and window opening position determining mode comprises the following steps:
a1: directly ejecting the axis and the edge of the wall on the door plank below the second floor;
a2: the axis of the wall above the second floor is led up by adopting a theodolite or a vertical ball, and the width line of each wall is popped up.
Preferably: the embedded depth of the tie bars is more than or equal to 1/5 of the wall length;
the binding mode of the constructional column steel bars is one of inverse cross buckles or sleeve buckles.
Preferably: the block arrangement mode is to test the block arrangement according to the selected group building mode on the base surface of the paying-off line.
Preferably: the wall is built by one or a mixture of a full brick method, a two-flat one-side brick method, a full brick method, a one-straight one-T brick method, a plum blossom/cross T brick method and a three-straight one-T brick method.
Preferably: the connection part between the wall body and the constructional column is connected by the horse tooth rubbing structure.
Preferably: the cleaning frequency of the wall surface is that 6-10 leather bricks are cleaned once per masonry.
Preferably: the pointing method comprises a primary slurry pointing method for carrying out the following-up and following-up pointing on the inner wall surface by adopting masonry mortar, a mortar adding pointing method for marking a mortar slot at a mortar joint after each 2-layer brick is built and pointing the outer wall surface by using mixed mortar after the whole wall body is built;
the mixed slurry is prepared from fine sand and cement with the mass ratio of 1:1.5;
the mortar joints comprise horizontal mortar joints and vertical mortar joints.
Preferably: the leather number rod is fixed by two direction diagonal braces or anchor nails.
Preferably: the masonry materials of the wall body comprise an outer wall material, an inner wall material, a shear wall, bulk cement, premixed concrete and premixed mortar;
the operation method of the block wall is one of a three-one masonry method or a pulp extrusion/paving method.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, through binding the embedded tie bars and constructional column bars, the connection part between the wall body and the constructional column is jointed by the horse tooth rubbing structure, a plurality of groups of longitudinal retaining grooves are reserved on the whole wall during the wall body construction, then the same reinforcing strip is added in each group of longitudinal retaining grooves for operation, the two sides of the wall body are reinforced by the intermittently placed reinforcing strips, the integral firmness of the wall body structure is improved, the situation of cracks or integral collapse caused by the local impact of the wall body is avoided, and the uniform stress of the wall body and the normal use in the later period are ensured.
2. The invention adopts the means of dismantling and reinforcing on the basis of the original building to carry out construction, firstly, the original building surface is leveled, each floor elevation is marked on a brick foundation dampproof course or floor to determine the masonry position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation, then the door and window opening position is determined by a spring line, and then the rubber rods for controlling the vertical dimension and the perpendicularity of the masonry are fixed at four corners, the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, the stairwell, the position with more openings and the like, and the rubber rods for controlling the vertical dimension and the perpendicularity of the masonry are pre-inspected after the guide wall is made, so that the guide wall meets the requirements, the locking and the guiding are carried out, the implementation of the masonry is ensured, the stable construction of the wall is realized, the stable wall is formed, the reinforced connection between the constructional column and the wall is realized by binding reinforcing steel bars, and the pouring strength is enhanced.
3. According to the invention, whether the discharged ink lines meet the module requirements of bricks at the door and window openings and the like is checked, so that the bricks are cut down as much as possible; when the wall is used, masonry mortar is prepared again, the masonry wall is built, the original building ring beam and the lintel constructional column are poured and then the masonry wall is built on the ring beam by using the same dry density and strength grade masonry wall, mortar filling is carried out on gaps, the masonry walls with different dry densities and strength grades cannot be built in a mixed manner, no through seams are ensured, the wall surface after being built for 60-150min is cleaned and is subjected to joint pointing, the wall surface is clean and tidy, the wall surface is protected, and the wall surface attractiveness is improved.
4. According to the invention, a small vibrating rod is inserted into a vibrating pouring mode, the height of 30mm is reserved at the top of a constructional column, the constructional column is not poured, after 7 days of masonry, the two sides of the top of a wall body are respectively and alternately plugged by using anti-corrosion wooden wedges, then a foaming agent or rock filling cotton is injected for plugging, and finally the two sides of the wall body are filled with C20 fine stone concrete for compacting wall joints, so that the plugging compactness of the wall top is ensured.
5. According to the invention, different wall widths are built by adopting different building methods, so that the condition that the complete wall is formed by arranging swing blocks of the complete building blocks is met, the damage to the building blocks is reduced, and the strength and stability of the built wall are further enhanced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and to provide a further understanding of the application with regard to the other features, objects and advantages of the application. The drawings of the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are for the purpose of illustrating the present application and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a house-changing masonry construction process according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the reinforcement strip and the wall body according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 reinforcing strips, 101 retention grooves.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application solution better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will be made in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the present application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element or component to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two as well as more than two.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Example 1:
a house-changing masonry construction process, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
s1: dismantling and reinforcing the original building based on design requirements;
s2: leveling an original building surface, and then determining the position of a door and window opening by using a spring wire: and (3) marking the elevation of each floor on the moisture-proof layer or the floor of the brick foundation so as to determine the masonry position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation.
S3: the leather number rod for controlling the vertical dimension and verticality of the masonry is fixed at four corners of the building, at the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, at the position with more stairwells and holes, and the like;
s4: pre-checking after wall guiding: the height of the guide wall is more than or equal to 20cm; and locking and guiding are carried out, so that the implementation of the masonry is ensured.
S5: binding pre-buried tie bars and constructional column bars: the tie bars are arranged along the constructional column, the constructional column line is drilled up and down to be planted with stirrups, and the stirrups are bound; preferably, the implantation depth of the stirrups is 100-150mm, and the distance between the stirrups is 100-150mm.
S6: bottom placing of row blocks: checking whether the released ink lines meet the module requirements of bricks at door and window openings and the like so as to reduce brick cutting as much as possible;
s7: preparing masonry mortar and building a block wall;
s8: pouring the ring beam and the lintel constructional column of the original building:
s9: masonry wall: arranging the assembled wall bodies on the ring beams according to the size of the wall sections, and filling the gaps with mortar to ensure no through seams;
preferably, the points of attention of the modular wall include: 1) Using the block wall with the same dry density and strength grade; 2) The block walls of different dry densities and strength grades cannot be built in a mixed manner.
S10: cleaning and pointing the wall surface after being built for 60-150 min; the wall surface protection device is used for guaranteeing the neatness of the wall surface and protecting the wall surface, and improving the beautiful degree of the wall surface.
S11: casting the lintel constructional column: and a small vibrating rod is inserted into the structure to perform vibration casting, and the height of 30mm is reserved at the top of the constructional column.
S12: after 7d of construction, the anti-corrosion wooden wedges are plugged at the two sides of each block at the top of the wall for fastening, foaming agent or rock filling cotton is used for plugging Gorgon fruit, and C20 fine stone concrete is used for filling gaps among the blocks at the top of the wall; after 7 days of masonry, the two sides of the top of the wall body are respectively plugged by the anti-corrosion wooden wedges in a staggered way, then are filled with foaming agent or rock filling cotton for plugging, and finally, the two sides of the wall body are filled with C20 fine stone concrete for compacting wall joints.
S13: and (5) quality verification.
The method comprises the steps of dismantling and reinforcing an original building, including dismantling or reinforcing a reconstructed wall, dismantling or constructing an original electromechanical pipeline, dismantling or constructing an original curtain wall, dismantling or constructing an escalator, and the like.
The leveling method is cement mortar, fine stone concrete or the like, and cement mortar is preferable in this embodiment.
Further, the determination mode of the door and window opening position comprises the following contents:
a1: the axis and the side line of the wall are directly popped up on the door plank below the second floor and used for defining the position of the door and window opening;
a2: the axis of the wall above the second floor is led up by adopting a theodolite or a vertical ball, and the axis is popped up to the width line of each wall to be used for drawing the position line of the door and window opening.
Preferably, the door and window opening adopts a reinforced concrete lintel, and when the top of the opening is smaller than the height of the reinforced concrete lintel from the bottom of the structure, the door and window opening can be directly hung on the lower hanging plate of the structure beam, and the door and window opening is cast into a whole during construction.
Furthermore, the moisture-proof layer of the brick foundation adopts cement waterproof mortar with the thickness of 0.5-0.1 m.
The surface of the leather number rod is marked with the thickness of each leather (layer) brick and mortar joint, and the elevation positions of door and window openings, lintels, floors, beam bottoms, embedded parts and the like. Preferably, all the leather poles are vertical, firm and uniform in elevation.
Preferably, the leather pole is a wooden or aluminum pole; the standing distance of the leather number poles is 10-15m, and the leather number poles are matched with a building.
Preferably, the fixing method of the leather number rod is to fix the leather number rod by diagonal bracing in two directions or by adopting anchors so as to ensure the firmness and the verticality, and the firmness degree of at least one piece of leather number rod is checked before bricking is started each time.
Further preferred, the slits include horizontal slits having a length of 8-12mm and vertical slits having a length of 10mm.
The spacing of the constructional columns is less than or equal to 4 meters and is not greater than the layer height; the binding mode of the constructional column steel bars is one of inverse cross buckles or sleeve buckles, and the constructional column steel bars are connected with the ring beams of each layer.
Preferably, the spacing of the tie bars is 600mm, the embedded depth of the tie bars is more than or equal to 1/5 of the wall length, preferably, the tie bars are planted bars, the planted bars depth is 60mm, the exposed length is 1000mm, and the tie bar hooks are 90 degrees.
The block arrangement mode is to test the block arrangement on the base surface of the line according to the selected block arrangement mode so as to determine the block arrangement mode of the block wall, ensure proper block arrangement and ensure even mortar joints.
Preferably, the water content of the brick is 10-15%, and water is uniformly sprayed before masonry to keep moist.
The dry density of the masonry mortar is less than or equal to 1800kg/M < 3 >, the layering degree of the masonry mortar is less than or equal to 20mm, and the strength of the masonry mortar is M5.0.
The operation method of the block wall is one of a three-one masonry method, a pulp squeezing/spreading method and the like, and a tool is used according to actual needs; the paste squeezing/spreading method is to spread a layer of mortar on the top surface of the wall, and then squeeze the bricks into the mortar.
Preferably, the three-one masonry method is implemented by a shoveling, a brick, a squeezing and kneading process, and the squeezed mortar is scraped off by hand, which is the prior art.
Preferably, the length of bricks laid by adopting a pulp squeezing/spreading method is less than or equal to 750mm, and when the air temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the spreading length is less than or equal to 500mm.
The masonry modes of the wall body comprise a full brick method, a two-flat one-side brick method, a full brick method, a one-straight one-T brick method, a plum blossom/cross T brick method, a three-straight one-T brick method and the like.
Preferably, the uppermost leather brick, the beam or the brick below the beam pad of each layer of bearing wall is built by adopting a full-T brick method.
Furthermore, the connection part of the wall body and the constructional column is connected by the horse tooth rubbing structure, so that the firmness of the wall body masonry is effectively improved. Preferably, the retaining width of the toothed comb structure is 60mm and the height is 30mm.
Preferably, the wall body should follow three-skin one and hang one, five-skin one lean on, and the tight control masonry error in the operation process is in order to guarantee that the wall is perpendicular smooth.
Preferably, the brick wall with more than half thickness of bricks is built by double-sided hanging wires.
Further, a rub is required to be reserved between the adjacent walls, the rub comprises an oblique rub and a straight rub, and the reserved length of the oblique rub is more than or equal to 2/3 of the height; when the direct rubbing is left, the male rubbing can be left except for the corner, and the wall tie bars are added.
Furthermore, when the height of the wall body exceeds 4m during the masonry of the wall body, a horizontal tie beam which is tied with the shear wall and the constructional column and is penetrated along the whole length of the wall is required to be arranged in the middle of the height of the wall body.
Still further, the daily masonry height of the wall body is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.8m in sunny days, and the daily masonry height of the wall body is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.2m in rainy days, and the height difference of adjacent construction sections of the wall body is less than or equal to 4m.
The cleaning frequency of the wall surface is that 6-10 bricks are cleaned once every building, and floor ash is cleaned after the building of the floor wall body is completed, so that the wall surface is kept clean.
Further, the pointing mode comprises a primary pulp pointing method for carrying out the following-up pointing on the inner wall surface by adopting masonry mortar, a mortar adding pointing method for marking a mortar slot at a mortar joint after each 1-3 bricks are built, and pointing the outer wall surface by using mixed mortar after the whole wall body is built.
Preferably, the depth of the ash chute is 10mm.
Further preferably, the mixed slurry is prepared from fine sand and cement in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.
Quality assays include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) the wall body has the full degree of horizontal and vertical mortar joints more than or equal to 80 percent; (2) the peak staggering overlap joint length of the upper and lower skin building blocks is more than or equal to 1/3 of the length of the building blocks; (3) the deviation of the axial line position deviation is less than or equal to 10mm; (4) the deviation of elevation of the top surface or the floor surface of the foundation is controlled to be +/-15 mm; (5) the perpendicularity deviation of each layer of wall body is less than or equal to 5mm, the perpendicularity deviation of the front wall body below 10m is less than or equal to 10mm, and the perpendicularity deviation of the front wall body above 10m is less than or equal to 20mm; (6) the flatness deviation of the wall surface is less than or equal to 8mm; (7) the offset deviation of the upper window and the lower window of the outer wall is less than or equal to 18mm; (8) the height and width deviation of the door and window opening are controlled to be +/-5 mm.
When the house is reformed, the building is constructed by adopting a means of dismantling and reinforcing on the basis of an original building, leveling is firstly carried out on the surface of the original building, each floor elevation is marked on a brick foundation dampproof course or a floor so as to determine the masonry position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation, then the door and window hole positions are determined by a spring wire, and then the rubber number rods for controlling the vertical dimension and the accuracy of the perpendicularity of the masonry are fixed at the four corners of the building, the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, the stairwell, the positions with more holes and the like, and the guide wall is pre-inspected after being manufactured, so that the guide wall meets the requirements, the locking and the guiding are conveniently carried out, and the implementation of the masonry is ensured. Setting tie bars along the constructional column; checking whether the released ink lines meet the module requirements of bricks at door and window openings and the like so as to reduce brick cutting as much as possible; when the wall is used, masonry mortar is prepared again, the masonry wall is built, the original building ring beam and the lintel constructional column are poured and then the masonry wall is built on the ring beam by using the same dry density and strength grade masonry wall, mortar filling is carried out on gaps, the masonry walls with different dry densities and strength grades cannot be built in a mixed manner, no through seams are ensured, the wall surface after being built for 60-150min is cleaned and is subjected to joint pointing, the wall surface is clean and tidy, the wall surface is protected, and the wall surface attractiveness is improved. The method comprises the steps of inserting a small vibrating rod into a vibrating pouring structure, reserving a height of 30mm at the top of a constructional column, not pouring, respectively and staggering and plugging two sides of the top of a wall body by using anti-corrosion wooden wedges after 7 days of masonry, then pumping a foaming agent or filling rock wool for plugging, finally filling wall joints at two sides of the wall body by using C20 fine stone concrete, and finally carrying out quality verification.
Example 2:
a house-changing masonry construction process, as shown in figure 1; this example complements the following on the basis of example 1: the masonry material of the wall body comprises an outer wall material, an inner wall material, a shear wall, bulk cement, ready-mixed concrete and ready-mixed mortar, wherein the outer wall material comprises building blocks, the specifications of the building blocks are 600 x 200mm, the strength grade is not lower than A5.0, and the natural volume weight is not more than 700 kg/m; the inner wall material comprises autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks and autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, wherein the autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks are usually wall bodies of rooms such as stairs, elevator shafts, toilets and equipment rooms, and the thickness of the autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks is 200mm;
further, the autoclaved aerated concrete block is generally used for other parts of the inner wall, the specification of the autoclaved aerated concrete block is 600 x 100 x 250mm or 600 x 200mm, and the strength grade is not lower than A3.5.
And C20 concrete pouring is adopted when the length of the wall limbs of the later-built wall body is less than 200mm and the later-built wall body cannot be built.
When the embodiment is used, different masonry surfaces adopt corresponding masonry materials so as to correct the masonry construction quality.
Example 3:
a house-changing masonry construction process, as shown in fig. 2; this example complements the following on the basis of example 1: when the masonry wall is constructed, a plurality of groups of longitudinally arranged retaining grooves 101 are reserved on two side surfaces of the wall in an equidistant mode, and the inner wall of each group of retaining grooves 101 positioned in the same vertical line is plugged with the same reinforcing strip 1 matched with the same retaining groove;
preferably, the reinforcing strip 1 is made of steel bars or steel plates; when the wall body is built, a plurality of groups of longitudinal retaining grooves 101 are reserved on the whole wall, then the same reinforcing strip 1 is plugged in each group of longitudinal retaining grooves 101, the reinforcing strips 1 which are placed intermittently are used for reinforcing two sides of the wall body, the overall firmness of the wall body structure is improved, and the overall collapse condition caused by the fact that the wall body is impacted locally is avoided.
When the wall body is built, a plurality of groups of longitudinal retaining grooves 101 are reserved on the whole wall body, and then the same reinforcing strip 1 is plugged in each group of longitudinal retaining grooves 101, as shown in fig. 2, the reinforcing strips 1 which are intermittently arranged are used for reinforcing two sides of the wall body, so that the overall firmness of the wall body structure is improved, and the overall collapse condition caused by the local impact of the wall body is avoided; after the construction is finished, the wall body and the like comprising the reinforcing strips 1 are subjected to compact casting, so that the surface is flat.
Note that: the method for preparing the ready mixed mortar is implemented according to the specification of the ready mixed mortar GB/T25181-2010 and the ready mixed mortar application technical specification JCJ/T223-2010;
the quality inspection and acceptance method of the masonry is implemented according to the masonry engineering quality inspection and acceptance Specification GB 50203.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The house-changing masonry construction process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: dismantling and reinforcing the original building based on design requirements;
s2: leveling an original building surface, and then determining the position of a door and window opening by using a spring wire: building the building position of each section of brick wall at the same elevation by marking each floor elevation on a brick foundation dampproof course or floor;
s3: the leather number rod for controlling the vertical dimension and verticality of the masonry is fixed at the four corners of the building, the junction of the inner wall and the outer wall, the stairwell and the position with more holes;
s4: pre-checking after a guide wall is made;
s5: binding pre-buried tie bars and constructional column bars: the tie bars are arranged along the constructional column, the constructional column line is drilled up and down to be planted with stirrups, and the stirrups are bound;
s6: bottom placing of row blocks: checking whether the released ink line meets the module requirement of the brick at the door and window opening;
s7: preparing masonry mortar and building a block wall;
s8: pouring the ring beam and the lintel constructional column of the original building:
s9: masonry wall: arranging and building the wall bodies on the ring beams according to the size of the wall sections, and filling the gaps with mortar;
s10: cleaning and pointing the wall after the construction is finished;
s11: casting the lintel constructional column: inserting a small vibrating rod for vibrating pouring, and reserving a height of 30mm at the top of the constructional column without pouring;
s12: after 7d of construction, the anti-corrosion wooden wedges are plugged at the two sides of each block at the top of the wall for fastening, foaming agent or rock filling cotton is used for plugging Gorgon fruit, and C20 fine stone concrete is used for filling gaps among the blocks at the top of the wall;
s13: quality verification;
the method comprises the steps of dismantling and reinforcing an original building, wherein the dismantling or reinforcing of a reconstructed wall body, the dismantling or construction of an original electromechanical pipeline, the dismantling or construction of an original curtain wall and the dismantling or construction of an escalator are included;
the leveling mode is cement mortar or fine stone concrete;
the brick foundation moisture-proof layer adopts cement waterproof mortar;
the leather number pole is a wooden or aluminum marker pole, and the verticality, firmness and elevation of all the leather number poles are consistent;
the two side surfaces of the masonry wall body are all equidistantly provided with a plurality of groups of retaining grooves (101) which are longitudinally arranged, and the inner wall of each group of retaining grooves (101) is provided with the same reinforcing strip (1).
2. The building construction process according to claim 1, wherein the determining manner of the door and window opening position comprises the following steps:
a1: directly ejecting the axis and the edge of the wall on the door plank below the second floor;
a2: the axis of the wall above the second floor is led up by adopting a theodolite or a vertical ball, and the width line of each wall is popped up.
3. The building construction process for a house change according to claim 1, wherein the embedded depth of the tie bars is more than or equal to 1/5 of the wall length;
the binding mode of the constructional column steel bars is one of inverse cross buckles or sleeve buckles.
4. A room improvement masonry construction process according to claim 1 wherein said block arrangement is performed by trial arranging blocks in selected groups on the surface of the line.
5. The building construction process according to claim 1, wherein the wall is built by one or a mixture of a full brick method, a two-flat-side brick method, a full brick method, a one-straight brick method, a quincuncial/cross-shaped brick method and a three-straight brick method.
6. The building construction process according to claim 5, wherein the connection between the wall and the constructional column is connected by a horse tooth rubbing structure.
7. The building construction process according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning frequency of the wall surface is that the cleaning is performed once for every 6-10 bricks.
8. The building construction process according to claim 7, wherein the pointing method comprises a primary slurry pointing method for pointing an inner wall surface along with masonry mortar, a slurry adding pointing method for pointing an outer wall surface with mixed slurry after each 2-layer brick is built, and a mortar slot is formed at a mortar joint;
the mixed slurry is prepared from fine sand and cement in a mass ratio of 1:1.5;
the mortar joints comprise horizontal mortar joints and vertical mortar joints.
9. A room improvement masonry construction process according to claim 3, wherein said fur boom is secured by two direction diagonal braces or by anchors.
10. The room-changing masonry construction process according to claim 6, wherein the masonry material of the wall comprises exterior wall material, interior wall material, shear wall and bulk cement, ready-mixed concrete and ready-mixed mortar;
the operation method of the block wall is one of a three-one masonry method or a pulp extrusion/pulp laying method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310012241.7A CN116220413A (en) | 2023-01-05 | 2023-01-05 | House-changing masonry construction process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310012241.7A CN116220413A (en) | 2023-01-05 | 2023-01-05 | House-changing masonry construction process |
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