CN116219735A - Flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116219735A
CN116219735A CN202310441846.8A CN202310441846A CN116219735A CN 116219735 A CN116219735 A CN 116219735A CN 202310441846 A CN202310441846 A CN 202310441846A CN 116219735 A CN116219735 A CN 116219735A
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plant fiber
flame
retardant
friendly material
fiber
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CN202310441846.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
崔大祥
陈义军
林琳
陈超
吴晓燕
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Shanghai National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Co Ltd
Guona Star Shanghai Nanotechnology Development Co Ltd
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Shanghai National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Co Ltd
Guona Star Shanghai Nanotechnology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310441846.8A priority Critical patent/CN116219735A/en
Publication of CN116219735A publication Critical patent/CN116219735A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/72—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with metaphosphoric acids or their salts; with polyphosphoric acids or their salts; with perphosphoric acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material is prepared from the following components: plant fiber, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution, low melting point wax emulsion, nanometer aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion and high melting point wax emulsion. The coarsened plant fiber is compounded with organic phosphorus flame retardant, low melting point wax, inorganic nanometer aluminum hydroxide powder and high melting point wax in sequence, so that the obtained plant fiber has excellent flame retardant property. In addition, due to the combination of the low-melting-point paraffin and the high-melting-point paraffin, the heat storage effect of the wax particles can be fully exerted, and the heat preservation effect is good.

Description

Flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant fiber modification, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plant fiber is derived from natural plants, and has the advantages of low cost, low density, reproducibility, degradability and the like. Plant fibers are introduced into the polymerization degree matrix to prepare the high-performance green composite material, and the high-performance green composite material has wide application scenes in the engineering fields of aerospace, automobiles, sports, packaging, medical treatment, construction and the like. Plant fiber is a flammable substance, and has safety problems in the application scene. Flame retardancy studies on plant fibers have become a hotspot in the field of materials. The prior means for improving the flame retardant property of the plant fiber is usually to add a flame retardant. Flame retardants are classified into organic flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants. The organic flame retardant mainly comprises two main types of organic halogen and organic phosphorus. The organic halogen flame retardant has high efficiency and moderate price, but has environmental protection problem due to toxic and corrosive gas released by combustion. The organic phosphorus flame retardant has high efficiency, moderate price, low toxicity, little smoke and low corrosion, but has poor universality, and different materials need different products. The inorganic system is mainly magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide powder, has high environmental protection property and lower price, but needs large addition amount to play a good role in flame retardance, and the large addition amount can damage the self performance of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material, which is filled with a composite flame-retardant material by utilizing the gaps of plant fibers, so that the flame retardance and heat preservation performance of the material are improved.
Still another object of the present invention is: the preparation method of the flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material is provided.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme: an environment-friendly flame-retardant heat-insulating plant fiber material is prepared from the following components: the plant fiber is treated by 1 to 5 weight percent of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 1 to 5 weight percent of ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution, low melting point wax emulsion, nanometer aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion and high melting point wax emulsion in sequence to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material.
The plant fiber is one or more of ramie fiber, flax fiber, sisal fiber, jute fiber and industrial hemp fiber.
The polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate in the ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution is 1000-5000.
The softening point of wax in the low-melting-point wax emulsion is 35-50 ℃, and the granularity D90 of the emulsion is 30-50 nm.
The granularity D90 of the nano aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion liquid is 100-150 nm.
The softening point of wax in the high-melting-point wax emulsion is 100-160 ℃, and the granularity D90 of the emulsion is 150-200 nm.
The invention provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the plant fiber into the NaOH aqueous solution with the weight percent of 1-5% to soak 1-2 h so as to coarsen the surface, taking out the plant fiber, squeezing the plant fiber to dry the surface liquid, and placing the plant fiber into an oven with the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to dry the plant fiber in the oven with the temperature of 1-2 h.
And (3) placing the dried plant fiber into the 1-5 wt% ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution to soak 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and placing into a 50-70 ℃ oven to dry 1-2 h.
And (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in the low-melting-point wax emulsion for 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a baking oven at 30 ℃ for 8-12 h.
And (3) placing the dried plant fiber into the nano aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion liquid to soak 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and placing into a 50-70 ℃ oven to dry 1-2 h.
And (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in the high-melting-point wax emulsion for 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a 50-70 ℃ oven for 1-2 h to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material.
Compared with the prior art, the flame-retardant heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material has the advantages that the inside and the surface of the roughened plant fiber are sequentially compounded with the organic phosphorus flame retardant, the low-melting-point wax, the inorganic nanometer aluminum hydroxide powder and the high-melting-point wax, and the obtained plant fiber has excellent flame retardant performance and can meet the A-level standard requirements specified in the combustion characteristics of GB 8410-2006 automotive interior material. In addition, due to the combination of the low-melting-point paraffin and the high-melting-point paraffin, the heat storage effect of the wax particles can be fully exerted, and the heat preservation effect is good.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below according to specific embodiments. The scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples, which are given for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
The flame-retardant heat-preservation ramie fiber environment-friendly material is prepared by the following steps:
the ramie fibers are soaked in 1wt% NaOH aqueous solution for 2h to coarsen the surface, the surface liquid is squeezed out after the ramie fibers are fished out, and the ramie fibers are placed in a 50 ℃ oven for 2h drying.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in 1wt% ammonium polyphosphate water solution with polymerization degree of 5000 for 1 h, taking out, squeezing to dry the surface liquid, and drying in a 50 deg.c oven for 2 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in low melting point wax emulsion (wax softening point 35 deg.C, granularity D90 30 nm of emulsion) 1 h, taking out, squeezing to obtain surface liquid, and oven drying in 30deg.C oven for 8 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in nanometer aluminum hydroxide water dispersion (granularity D90 100 nm) for 1 h, taking out, squeezing to remove surface liquid, and drying in oven at 50deg.C for 2 h.
And (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in a high-melting-point wax emulsion (the wax softening point is 110 ℃, the granularity D90 of the emulsion is 160 and nm) for 1 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 2h to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation ramie fiber environment-friendly material.
Example 2
The flame-retardant heat-preservation flax fiber environment-friendly material is prepared by the following steps:
flax fiber is soaked in 2.5wt% NaOH water solution for 1.5. 1.5 h to coarsen the surface, taken out, squeezed to dry the surface liquid, and dried in a 60 ℃ oven for 1.5. 1.5 h.
The dried plant fiber is placed in 2.5wt% of ammonium polyphosphate (polymerization degree 3000) water solution to be soaked for 1.5 h, taken out and squeezed to dry surface liquid, and placed in a 60 ℃ oven to be dried for 1.5 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in low melting point wax emulsion (wax softening point 40 deg.C, granularity D90 40 nm) for 1.5. 1.5 h, taking out, squeezing to obtain surface liquid, and oven drying at 30deg.C for 10 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in nanometer aluminum hydroxide water dispersion (granularity D90 130 nm) for 1.5 h, taking out, squeezing to dry the surface liquid, and drying in oven at 60deg.C for 1.5 h.
And (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in a high-melting-point wax emulsion (the wax softening point is 125 ℃, the granularity D90 180 and nm of the emulsion) for 1.5 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven for 1.5 h to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation flax fiber environment-friendly material.
Example 3
The environment-friendly flame-retardant heat-preservation jute fiber material is prepared by the following steps:
the jute fiber is soaked in 5wt% NaOH water solution for 1 h to coarsen the surface, the jute fiber is taken out and squeezed to dry the surface liquid, and the jute fiber is placed in a 70 ℃ oven for 1 h drying.
The dried plant fiber is placed in 5wt% ammonium polyphosphate (polymerization degree 1000) water solution for soaking 2h, taken out and squeezed to dry surface liquid, and placed in a 70 ℃ oven for drying 1 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in low melting point wax emulsion (wax softening point 50 deg.C, granularity D90 50 nm of emulsion) for 2h, taking out, squeezing to obtain surface liquid, and oven drying in 30deg.C oven for 12 h.
Soaking the dried plant fiber in nanometer aluminum hydroxide water dispersion (granularity D90 150 nm) for 2h, taking out, squeezing to remove surface liquid, and drying in oven at 70deg.C for 1 h.
And (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in a high-melting-point wax emulsion (the wax softening point is 150 ℃, the granularity D90 and the granularity D200 and nm of the emulsion) for 1 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a 70 ℃ oven for 1 h to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation jute fiber environment-friendly material.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and that various other alternatives, modifications and improvements may be made within the scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but only by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material is characterized in that the plant fiber is treated by a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 1-5 wt%, an ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 1-5 wt%, a low-melting-point wax emulsion, a nano aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion and a high-melting-point wax emulsion in sequence.
2. The flame retardant and thermal insulation plant fiber environment-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the plant fiber is one or more of ramie fiber, flax fiber, sisal fiber, jute fiber and industrial hemp fiber.
3. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate in the ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution is 1000-5000.
4. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the softening point of wax in the low-melting-point wax emulsion is 35-50 ℃, and the granularity D90 of the emulsion is 30-50 nm.
5. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the granularity D90 of the nano aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion is 100-150 nm.
6. The flame-retardant and heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the softening point of wax in the high-melting-point wax emulsion is 100-160 ℃, and the granularity D90 of the emulsion is 150-200 nm.
7. The method for preparing the flame-retardant and heat-insulating plant fiber environment-friendly material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing plant fibers into the NaOH aqueous solution with the concentration of 1-5 wt% to soak 1-2 h so as to coarsen the surfaces, fishing out the plant fibers, squeezing the plant fibers to dry the surface liquid, and placing the plant fibers into an oven with the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to dry the plant fibers in the oven with the temperature of 1-2 h;
soaking the dried plant fiber in 1-5 wt% concentration ammonium polyphosphate aqua for 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing to dry the surface liquid, and stoving in a 50-70 deg.c oven for 1-2 h;
soaking the dried plant fiber in the low-melting-point wax emulsion for 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a baking oven at 30 ℃ for 8-12 h;
soaking the dried plant fiber in the nano aluminum hydroxide aqueous dispersion for 1-2 h, taking out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a drying oven at 50-70 ℃ for 1-2 h;
and (3) soaking the dried plant fiber in the high-melting-point wax emulsion for 1-2 hours, fishing out, squeezing out surface liquid, and drying in a 50-70 ℃ oven for 1-2 h to obtain the flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material.
CN202310441846.8A 2023-04-23 2023-04-23 Flame-retardant heat-preservation plant fiber environment-friendly material and preparation method thereof Pending CN116219735A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104403197A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-11 苏州银禧科技有限公司 Reinforced flame-retardant heat insulation composite material
CN110592932A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-20 浙江辰鸿纺织品科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant coated fabric
CN111793338A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-10-20 郑州大学 Compound halogen-free flame-retardant plant fiber reinforced polylactic acid material and preparation method thereof
CN113502059A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-10-15 中建安装集团有限公司 Flame-retardant shape-stabilized phase change material for building exterior wall and preparation method thereof
CN114933871A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-23 南京林业大学 Environment-friendly waterproof flame-retardant additive, preparation method and application process thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104403197A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-11 苏州银禧科技有限公司 Reinforced flame-retardant heat insulation composite material
CN110592932A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-20 浙江辰鸿纺织品科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant coated fabric
CN111793338A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-10-20 郑州大学 Compound halogen-free flame-retardant plant fiber reinforced polylactic acid material and preparation method thereof
CN113502059A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-10-15 中建安装集团有限公司 Flame-retardant shape-stabilized phase change material for building exterior wall and preparation method thereof
CN114933871A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-23 南京林业大学 Environment-friendly waterproof flame-retardant additive, preparation method and application process thereof

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