CN116216717A - Preparation method of activated carbon and low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst and flue gas denitration method - Google Patents
Preparation method of activated carbon and low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst and flue gas denitration method Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical group [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/34—Manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/86—Chromium
- B01J23/862—Iron and chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/312—Preparation
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- C01B32/348—Metallic compounds
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- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon and flue gas denitration, discloses a preparation method of an activated carbon and low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst and a flue gas denitration method, and solves the technical problems that a carbon-based catalyst is high in cost and leather waste is difficult to dispose in the prior art. The preparation method of the activated carbon comprises the following steps: (1) Acid treatment is carried out on the waste leather powder, and then the waste leather powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain first powder; (2) Carbonizing the first powder to obtain second powder; (3) Acid treatment is carried out on the second powder, and then the second powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain third powder; (4) Performing alkali treatment on the third powder, washing to neutrality and drying to obtain fourth powder; (5) And performing heat activation treatment on the fourth powder to obtain the active carbon. The preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the following steps: obtaining a precursor; and carrying out heat treatment on the precursor to obtain the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon and flue gas denitration, in particular to a preparation method of an activated carbon and low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst and a flue gas denitration method.
Background
NOx emitted by industrial flue gas is one of the main pollution sources of the atmosphere, causes serious harm to the ecological environment and the health of residents, and NOx purification is widely concerned worldwide. With NH 3 Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration technology for reducing agents is currently the mainstream technology for flue gas NOx purification. The SCR denitration catalyst commonly used in industry at present is a vanadium-titanium catalyst, such as V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 Or V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 And the like, the operation temperature range is 350-450 ℃. Because the temperature range of the boiler exhaust gas is 120-200 ℃, and the vanadium-titanium catalyst is adopted to heat the exhaust gas, the operation cost of the exhaust gas NOx purification is greatly improved, and therefore, the development of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst capable of working below 200 ℃ has important practical significance and application value. In addition, the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst can also be used asAn important ring in the ultra-low emission technology which is greatly promoted in the current country is promoted and applied.
The activated carbon has the advantages of developed pores, large specific surface area, stable property, rich surface functional groups and the like, can be used for gas adsorption/separation, water purification, catalyst carriers, food decolorization and the like, and has been widely used in various fields of national defense, chemical industry, food and daily life. The carbon-based catalyst using activated carbon as a carrier to load an active component with SCR activity is a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst which is widely focused and studied at present. However, most of the current carbon-based catalysts adopt coal activated carbon, and the cost is high.
In recent years the leather industry has rapidly evolved, producing large quantities of leather waste. The disposal of leather waste is always an environmental problem because leather waste contains various toxic metals such as Cr and the like. The applicant of the present application has conceived that it would be of great significance to achieve both leather waste utilization and exhaust gas purification if it were possible to prepare activated carbon as well as carbon-based catalysts from leather waste as raw material and to use them for flue gas NOx purification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of activated carbon and a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst and a flue gas denitration method, so as to solve the technical problems that a carbon-based catalyst is high in cost and leather waste is difficult to dispose in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention firstly provides a method for preparing activated carbon, which comprises the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Acid treatment is carried out on the waste leather powder, and then the waste leather powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain first powder;
(2) Carbonizing the first powder to obtain second powder;
(3) Acid treatment is carried out on the second powder, and then the second powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain third powder;
(4) Performing alkali treatment on the third powder, washing to neutrality and drying to obtain fourth powder;
(5) And performing heat activation treatment on the fourth powder to obtain the active carbon.
As a further improvement of the above-mentioned method for producing activated carbon: acid washing treatment is adopted in the step (1) and the step (3), the concentration of hydrogen ions in the acid liquid is 1-3 mol/L, and the soaking time is 1-2 h; carbonizing 1-2 h at 450-600 ℃; step (4) adopts alkaline washing treatment, the concentration of hydroxide ions in the alkaline solution is 1-5 mol/L, and the soaking time is 1-3 h; and (5) carrying out thermal activation by adopting an activating agent and/or an activating gas atmosphere.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides two preparation methods of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, which have the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the first low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises a carrier, and an active component and an auxiliary agent which are loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is activated carbon, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises active carbon and metal salt; the activated carbon is prepared by the preparation method of the activated carbon; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor to convert the metal salt into an active component and an auxiliary agent, thus obtaining the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
The second preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises a carrier, and an active component and an auxiliary agent which are loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is activated carbon, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises carbonized materials and metal salts; the carbonized material is the fourth powder prepared in the step (4) in the preparation method of the active carbon; performing heat treatment on the precursor to convert the metal salt into an active component and an auxiliary agent, and activating the carbonized material into active carbon to obtain a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst; wherein the precursor further comprises an activator and/or the heat treatment is performed under an activating gas atmosphere. Preferably, the heat treatment is performed in two stages, the first stage being to raise the temperature to 400-500 ℃ and keep the temperature at 2-4 h, and the second stage being to raise the temperature to 600-1000 ℃ and keep the temperature at 2-4 h.
As a further improvement of the preparation methods of the two low-temperature SCR denitration catalysts: the active component is an oxide of any of Cr, mn, fe, co, ce, cu; the auxiliary agent is any oxide of Zr, ni, la, Y, W, mo. Preferably, the active component load is 1-4.5% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, and the auxiliary agent load is 0.25-1.5% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
As a further improvement of the preparation methods of the two low-temperature SCR denitration catalysts: the process of obtaining the precursor containing the metal salt comprises dropwise adding a solution and drying, wherein the solution is an aqueous solution of the metal salt, and the volume of the solution is equal to the saturated water absorption capacity.
As a further improvement of the preparation methods of the two low-temperature SCR denitration catalysts: the method further comprises the following steps after the precursor is obtained: uniformly mixing the precursor with water, a binder and an additive, and then kneading and extruding to form a honeycomb blank; the honeycomb body is then directly subjected to a heat treatment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention further provides a flue gas denitration method, which comprises the following technical scheme:
the flue gas denitration method adopts the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst prepared by the preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst to treat the flue gas.
The invention processes the waste leather powder by a simple and easy-to-operate process, avoids the influence of various non-essential elements in the waste leather powder on the denitration catalytic activity of the active components, and the prepared active carbon has rich pore structure and higher specific surface area, can realize high-efficiency purification with NO pollutant removal rate of more than 95% below 150 ℃ when being applied to a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, shows higher low-temperature denitration efficiency, changes waste into valuables, effectively solves the technical problems of high cost of a carbon-based catalyst and difficult treatment of leather waste in the prior art, and has extremely strong practicability.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are shown by way of illustration and not of limitation, and in which are shown by way of illustration and description of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a catalytic activity evaluation device of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the desorption of nitrogen from the honeycomb activated carbon of comparative example 1 of the present invention.
The relevant marks in the drawings are as follows:
1-gas steel cylinder, 2-pressure gauge, 3-mass flowmeter, 4-mixing tank, 5-preheating tank, 6-water injection pump, 7-reactor, 8-low temperature SCR denitration catalyst, 9-wash bottle, 10-infrared detector.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted in particular that:
the technical solutions and technical features provided in the sections including the following description in the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention referred to in the following description are typically only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Terms and units in relation to the present invention. The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the invention and in the relevant sections are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
The specific implementation mode of the preparation method of the activated carbon comprises the following steps:
(1) Impregnating the waste leather powder by adopting acid liquor, wherein the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid liquor is 1-3 mol/L, the impregnating time is 1-2 h, and the waste leather powder is washed to be neutral and dried after the impregnating is completed to obtain first powder;
some impurity metals doped in the waste leather powder can be removed through acid washing, and adverse effects of impurities on catalytic denitration activity are avoided. In specific implementation, the acid liquor is any one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid liquor is any one of 1 mol/L, 2 mol/L and 3mol/L, and the soaking duration is any one of 1 h, 1.5 h and 2 h.
(2) Carbonizing the first powder at 450-600 deg.c for 1-2 h to obtain the second powder;
the organic matters in the first powder can be converted into carbon through carbonization treatment, thereby creating preconditions for preparing the activated carbon. In specific implementation, the atmosphere is nitrogen, the carbonization temperature is any one of 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃ and 600 ℃, and the carbonization time is any one of 1 h, 1.5 h and 2 h.
(3) Carrying out impregnation treatment on the second powder by adopting acid liquor, wherein the concentration of hydrogen ions in the acid liquor is 1-3 mol/L, the impregnation time is 1-2 h, and washing to neutrality and drying after the impregnation is completed to obtain third powder;
some impurity metals contained in the second powder can be further removed through acid washing, and the catalytic activity is improved. In specific implementation, the acid liquor is any one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, the hydrogen ion concentration of the acid liquor is any one of 1 mol/L, 2 mol/L and 3mol/L, and the soaking duration is any one of 1 h, 1.5 h and 2 h.
(4) Dipping the third powder by adopting alkali liquor, wherein the concentration of hydroxyl ions in the alkali liquor is 1-5 mol/L, the dipping time is 1-3 h, and the third powder is washed to be neutral and dried after the dipping is completed to obtain fourth powder;
some silicate impurities in the third powder can be removed by alkali washing, and adverse effects of the impurities on catalytic denitration activity are avoided. Compared with the raw materials, the pores of the third powder are more developed, and the effect of removing silicate impurities is better when the third powder is subjected to alkali washing. The alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the concentration of hydrogen ions of the alkali liquor is any one of 1 mol/L, 1.5 mol/L, 2.5 mol/L, 3.5 mol/L, 4 mol/L and 5mol/L, and the dipping duration is any one of 1 h, 1.5 h, 2h, 2.5 h and 3 h.
(5) And (3) carrying out thermal activation treatment on the fourth powder by adopting an activating agent and/or an activating gas atmosphere to obtain the activated carbon.
The interaction between the activator and/or the activating gas atmosphere and the carbon at high temperatures creates a large number of pores and also allows some of the otherwise blocked pores to reopen, enriching the pore structure of the activated carbon. In particular, but not limited to, the following three activation methods may be used, the first activation method is to thermally activate the fourth powder under a nitrogen atmosphere and an activation gas atmosphere, the second activation method is to thermally activate the mixture of the fourth powder and the activator under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the third activation method is to thermally activate the mixture of the fourth powder and the activator under a nitrogen atmosphere and an activation gas atmosphere. Wherein, the activating effect can be improved by adopting the activating gas atmosphere and the activating agent at the same time, and the pores of the obtained activated carbon are more developed. The mixture of the fourth powder and the activator may be a mixture of the fourth powder and the activator powder, or may be a fourth powder having the activator adsorbed thereon.
The low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises a carrier, and an active component and an auxiliary agent which are loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is active carbon, and the specific implementation modes of the preparation method are as follows:
a first embodiment of a method for preparing a low temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the steps of: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises active carbon and metal salt; the activated carbon is prepared by the preparation method of the activated carbon; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor in nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2-4 h, so that the metal salt is converted into an active component and an auxiliary agent, and the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst is obtained.
A second embodiment of the method for preparing a low temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the steps of: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises carbonized materials and metal salts; the carbonized material is the fourth powder prepared in the step (4) in the preparation method of the active carbon; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor in nitrogen atmosphere and activating gas atmosphere to convert the metal salt into active components and auxiliary agents and activate the carbonized material into active carbon, thus obtaining the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
A third embodiment of the method for preparing a low temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the steps of: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises carbonized material, metal salt and an activating agent; the carbonized material is the fourth powder prepared in the step (4) in the preparation method of the active carbon; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor in nitrogen atmosphere to convert the metal salt into an active component and an auxiliary agent and activate the carbonized material into active carbon, thus obtaining the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
A fourth embodiment of the method for preparing a low temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the steps of: obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises carbonized material, metal salt and an activating agent; the carbonized material is the fourth powder prepared in the step (4) in the preparation method of the active carbon; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor in nitrogen atmosphere and activating gas atmosphere to convert the metal salt into active components and auxiliary agents and activate the carbonized material into active carbon, thus obtaining the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
The first embodiment uses the activated carbon finished product as a carrier, and the activated carbon obtained by other channels can be used more widely, but the metal salt can block fine pores, so that the air permeability is reduced. Compared with the first embodiment, the precursors of the second to fourth embodiments use carbonized materials as raw materials, so that the contact force between the active components and the auxiliary agent and the active carbon is stronger, closed pores caused by blockage of metal salts are reduced, the working procedure is saved, and the production efficiency is improved. In this case, it is preferable to use a relatively inert metal salt and an activating substance (i.e., an activator and an activating gas), so that the catalytic activity of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst can be controlled.
When the precursor is prepared from carbonized materials, the heat treatment is preferably carried out in two stages, wherein the first stage is to heat up to 400-500 ℃ and keep the temperature at 2-4 h, and the second stage is to heat up to 600-1000 ℃ and keep the temperature at 2-4 h, so that the metal salt can be converted more thoroughly, and the catalytic denitration activity is improved.
In the four embodiments, the active component is any oxide of Cr, mn, fe, co, ce, cu, the auxiliary agent is any oxide of Zr, ni, la, Y, W, mo, and the corresponding metal salt is any one of chloride, nitrate and sulfate. Wherein, when the loading amount of the active component is 1-4.5% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, the loading amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.25-1.5% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, the obtained catalyst has the optimal low-temperature catalytic activity.
The process of obtaining the precursor containing the metal salt comprises dropwise adding a solution and drying, wherein the solution is an aqueous solution of the metal salt, and the volume of the solution is equal to the saturated water absorption capacity. When the concentration of the solution composed of the loading amount of the metal salt and the saturated water absorption exceeds the solubility of the metal salt, in order to improve the uniformity of the loading of the metal salt, it is preferable to use a plurality of adsorbers, and it is preferable to test the saturated water absorption before each adsorber.
For industrial applications, the method further comprises the steps of, after the precursor is obtained: uniformly mixing the precursor with water, a binder and an additive, and then kneading and extruding to form a honeycomb blank; the honeycomb body is then directly subjected to a heat treatment.
The activator is preferably but not limited to any of zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. The activating gas is preferably, but not limited to, steam and/or carbon dioxide. Since a part of the activator is used usually requiring post-treatment after completion of the heat treatment to recover the activator and possibly causing environmental pollution, it is preferable to use an activating gas for the heat treatment or to use a green activator without post-treatment.
The specific implementation mode of the flue gas denitration method is to treat the flue gas by adopting the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst prepared by any one of the preparation methods of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
The invention adopts the device shown in figure 1 to evaluate the catalytic activity of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
As shown in fig. 1, NO conversion efficiency= (1-500/C) was used as an evaluation index of catalytic activity of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst NO ）*100%，C NO The acquisition process of (1) is as follows: under the control of the pressure gauge 2 and the mass flowmeter 3, the gases in the four gas cylinders 1 flow into the mixing tank 4 to be mixed evenly, and the mixed gases are formed by NH 3 、NO、O 2 And N 2 Composition, N 2 As balance gas, space velocity is 30000 h -1 The concentration of each component in the mixed gas is as follows: no=nh 3 =500ppm，O 2 =5％，H 2 O=8%; then the mixed gas flows into a preheating tank 5, water injected by a water injection pump 6 and the mixed gas in the preheating tank 5 are mixed and then enter a reactor 7 and pass through a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst 8, the temperature range in the reactor 7 is 50-250 ℃, and after the mixed gas is treated by a bottle washing 9, the concentration of NO in the gas is detected by an infrared detector 10 (expressed as C NO ）。
The advantageous effects of the present invention are described below by way of specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation process of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises the following steps:
50 g of waste leather powder screened by a 60-mesh screen is weighed and mixed with 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, the solid-liquid ratio (the mass ratio of solid powder to solution) is 1:4, and the mixture is stirred for 1:1 h, and then is sequentially filtered, washed to be neutral and dried to obtain first powder.
And carbonizing the first powder in a tube furnace at 450 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 2h to obtain second powder.
Repeating the acid washing treatment to obtain third powder.
And mixing the third powder with 2.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stirring for 1 h, and sequentially filtering, washing to neutrality and drying to obtain the fourth powder.
Mixing KOH and fourth powder in a mass ratio of 2:1, and then carrying out thermal activation treatment under nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the activation temperature is 800 ℃, and the activation time is 3h, thus obtaining the activated carbon.
And testing the saturated water absorption capacity of the activated carbon by adopting a titration method, preparing aqueous solutions of metal salts according to the ratio of 2.5%, 1% and 1% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst by corresponding volumes of water according to the loading amounts of oxides of Mn, ce and W, mixing the aqueous solutions with the activated carbon in a dropwise adding mode, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the precursor.
According to the water: silica sol: blend oil: carboxymethyl cellulose: precursor = 50:7:3:5: and preparing slurry according to the mass ratio of 55, kneading and extruding to form a honeycomb green body, and then performing heat treatment in a tube furnace at 450 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere for 2h to obtain the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
It was confirmed that the specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of example 1 was 664 m 2 The NO conversion efficiency per gram increased with increasing temperature, 97.3% at 150℃and 99.4% at 200℃indicating excellent low temperature SCR activity for the catalyst prepared by this method.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 1, this example has the following differences: according to the water: silica sol: blend oil: carboxymethyl cellulose: activated carbon = 50:7:3:5:55, kneading and extruding to form a honeycomb green body, and then carrying out heat treatment in a tube furnace at 450 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 2h to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
The honeycomb activated carbon of comparative example 1 was confirmed to have a specific surface area of 701 m 2 However, the NO conversion efficiency of the activated carbon is always maintained at 20% at 100-200 ℃, which indicates that the denitration activity of the activated carbon is poor.
Fig. 2 is a graph of nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the honeycomb activated carbon of comparative example 1. As shown in fig. 2, the honeycomb activated carbon has obvious mesoporous distribution, which is beneficial to the promotion of catalytic activity.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this example and comparative example 1 is that: and directly carrying out heat activation treatment on the third powder.
The honeycomb activated carbon of comparative example 2 has a specific surface area of 672 m 2 And/g, the NO conversion efficiency is always kept at 15% at 100-200 ℃, which shows that the pores can be enriched by alkali washing treatment, and impurities which are unfavorable for denitration can be removed.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, this example has the following differences: the aqueous solutions of metal salts are prepared according to the proportion that the loading amounts of Mn oxide and Ce oxide are respectively 2.5% and 1% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
The specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of comparative example 3 was found to be 671 and 671 m 2 And/g, the NO conversion efficiency is increased along with the increase of the temperature, and the NO conversion efficiency is 87% at the temperature of 200 ℃, which indicates that the addition of the auxiliary agent can obviously improve the activity of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this example and comparative example 3 is that: and preparing an aqueous solution of metal salt according to a ratio that the loading amount of the Mn oxide is 2.5% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
The specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of comparative example 4 was found to be 697 and 697 m 2 And/g, the NO conversion efficiency is increased along with the increase of the temperature, the NO conversion efficiency is 76% at the temperature of 180 ℃, the NO conversion efficiency is reduced to 70% at the temperature of 200 ℃, which indicates that the catalytic performance of the single active component is general, but the coexistence of multiple active components can induce the synergistic effect among the multiple active components, and the activity of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst can be obviously improved.
Example 2
Compared with example 1, this example has the following differences:
and testing the saturated water absorption of the fourth powder, preparing aqueous solutions of metal salts according to the ratio of the loading amounts of Co oxide, cu oxide and Zr oxide of corresponding volumes of water to 1.5%, 2% and 1% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, then mixing the aqueous solutions with the fourth powder in a dropwise adding mode, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the precursor.
According to the water: silica sol: blend oil: carboxymethyl cellulose: precursor = 50:7:3:5:55, and kneading and extrusion molding the slurry to obtain a honeycomb green body.
The honeycomb green body is subjected to nitrogen atmosphere and CO 2 Heat treatment is carried out under atmosphere, CO 2 The volume fraction of the catalyst is 10%, the heat treatment temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2h, so that the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst is obtained.
The specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of example 2 was found to be 689 m 2 The NO conversion efficiency per g increased with an increase in temperature, and was 95.4% at 150℃and 97.1% at 200 ℃.
Comparative example 5
Compared with example 2, this example has the following differences: the heat treatment is carried out in two stages, the first stage is to raise the temperature to 450 ℃ and keep the temperature 2h, and the second stage is to raise the temperature to 900 ℃ and keep the temperature 2 h.
The low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of comparative example 5 is proved to have low-temperature catalytic activity superior to that of example 2, the NO conversion efficiency at 150 ℃ is 96.5%, and the NO conversion efficiency at 200 ℃ is 98.6%, which indicates that the activity of active components in the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst can be remarkably improved by carrying out heat treatment between partitions.
Example 3
Compared with example 2, this example has the following differences:
testing the saturated water absorption of the fourth powder, preparing aqueous solutions of metal salts according to the ratio that the loading amount of corresponding volumes of water is 1.5%, 2% and 1% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to the oxides of Co, cu and Zr respectively, then mixing the aqueous solutions with the fourth powder in a dropwise adding mode, uniformly stirring, drying, and then carrying out KOH: and mixing the dried material with KOH according to the mass ratio of fourth powder=2:1 to obtain the precursor.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared honeycomb green body in nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2h, so that the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst is obtained.
It was confirmed that the specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of example 3 was 673 m 2 /g, NO conversion efficiencyThe rate increased with increasing temperature, the NO conversion efficiency was 95.1% at 150 ℃ and 96.5% at 200 ℃.
Example 4
Compared with example 2, this example has the following differences:
testing the saturated water absorption of the fourth powder, preparing aqueous solutions of metal salts according to the ratio that the loading amounts of corresponding volumes of water are 2%, 0.6% and 0.6% of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to the Cr oxide, the Fe oxide, the La oxide and the Y oxide, then mixing the solutions with the fourth powder in a dropwise adding mode, uniformly stirring, drying, and then carrying out KOH (potassium hydroxide) treatment: and mixing the dried material with KOH according to the mass ratio of fourth powder=1:1 to obtain the precursor.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared honeycomb green body in a nitrogen atmosphere and a steam atmosphere, wherein the volume fraction of the steam is 8%, the heat treatment temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2h, so that the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst is obtained.
The specific surface area of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst of example 4 was confirmed to be 692 m 2 The NO conversion efficiency per g increased with an increase in temperature, 96.4% at 150℃and 98.8% at 200 ℃.
The metal salts are nitrate.
The titration method comprises the following steps: taking a sample of 1 g, dropwise adding deionized water and rapidly and uniformly stirring until the sample powder is completely wetted, wherein the volume of the added water is the saturated water absorption.
The content of the present invention is described above. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. Based on the foregoing, all other embodiments that may be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Acid treatment is carried out on the waste leather powder, and then the waste leather powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain first powder;
(2) Carbonizing the first powder to obtain second powder;
(3) Acid treatment is carried out on the second powder, and then the second powder is washed to be neutral and dried to obtain third powder;
(4) Performing alkali treatment on the third powder, washing to neutrality and drying to obtain fourth powder;
(5) And performing heat activation treatment on the fourth powder to obtain the active carbon.
2. The method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein: acid washing treatment is adopted in the step (1) and the step (3), the concentration of hydrogen ions in the acid liquor is 1-3 mol/L, and the soaking time is 1-2 h; carbonizing the step (2) for 1-2 h at 450-600 ℃; step (4) adopts alkaline washing treatment, the concentration of hydroxide ions in the alkaline solution is 1-5 mol/L, and the soaking time is 1-3 h; and (5) carrying out thermal activation by adopting an activating agent and/or an activating gas atmosphere.
3. The preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises a carrier, and an active component and an auxiliary agent which are loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is activated carbon, and the preparation method is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises active carbon and metal salt; the activated carbon is prepared by the preparation method of the activated carbon in claim 1 or 2;
and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the precursor to convert the metal salt into an active component and an auxiliary agent, thus obtaining the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
4. The preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst comprises a carrier, and an active component and an auxiliary agent which are loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is activated carbon, and the preparation method is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a precursor, wherein the precursor comprises carbonized materials and metal salts; the carbonized material is the fourth powder prepared in the step (4) in the preparation method of the activated carbon in the claim 1 or 2;
performing heat treatment on the precursor to convert the metal salt into an active component and an auxiliary agent, and activating the carbonized material into active carbon to obtain a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst;
wherein the precursor further comprises an activator and/or the heat treatment is performed under an activating gas atmosphere.
5. The method for preparing the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heat treatment is carried out in two stages, wherein the first stage is to heat up to 400-500 ℃ and keep the temperature for 2-4 h, and the second stage is to heat up to 600-1000 ℃ and keep the temperature for 2-4 h.
6. The method for preparing the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the active component is an oxide of any of Cr, mn, fe, co, ce, cu; the auxiliary agent is any oxide of Zr, ni, la, Y, W, mo.
7. The method for preparing the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the loading amount of the active component is 1 to 4.5 percent of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst, and the loading amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.25 to 1.5 percent of the total mass of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst.
8. The method for preparing the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the process of obtaining the precursor containing the metal salt comprises dropwise adding a solution and drying, wherein the solution is an aqueous solution of the metal salt, and the volume of the solution is equal to the saturated water absorption capacity.
9. The method for preparing the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the method further comprises the following steps after the precursor is obtained: uniformly mixing the precursor with water, a binder and an additive, and then kneading and extruding to form a honeycomb blank; the honeycomb body is then directly subjected to a heat treatment.
10. The flue gas denitration method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst prepared by the preparation method of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst according to any one of claims 3 to 9 is used for treating flue gas.
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