CN110605108A - Method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste active carbon - Google Patents
Method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste active carbon Download PDFInfo
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3416—Regenerating or reactivating of sorbents or filter aids comprising free carbon, e.g. activated carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/345—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture
- B01J20/3475—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture in the liquid phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste active carbon, which comprises the following steps of (1) screening the waste active carbon to remove powdery waste active carbon with the granularity less than 3 mm; (2) adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, stirring for 1-4 hours at 60-100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; (3) adding the waste activated carbon obtained in the step 2) into an activating agent, fully stirring for 2-4 hours at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; (4) the regenerated active carbon obtained by filtering can be loaded into an adsorption system for use after being washed and dried. The method for regenerating the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon, which is provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple formula, good effect, low cost and simple use method, can obviously shorten the activation time and recover the adsorption performance of the activated carbon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sintering flue gas purification treatment, and particularly relates to a method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon.
Background
Sintering is a complex physical and chemical process, and the discharged flue gas has the characteristics of low temperature, complex components, large discharge amount and the like, wherein SO2The discharge amount accounts for more than 60 percent of the total discharge amount of iron and steel enterprises, and in addition, the discharge amount also contains NOxAnd heavy metals, and the like. Therefore, sintering is one of the more serious pollution processes in the steel production process. The activated carbon is a carbon material with a porous structure, has excellent adsorption performance due to large specific surface area and developed internal pore structure, and is widely applied to the fields of catalysis, adsorption, energy storage, medicine and the like.
With the increasing use of activated carbon, the production of waste activated carbon is also increasing. The waste activated carbon generated in large quantity is not recycled, thereby not only polluting the environment, but also wasting resources. At present, the method for regenerating the waste activated carbon is mainly a thermal regeneration method. However, the problems of high energy consumption of the thermal regeneration equipment, high carbon loss rate, low mechanical strength of the regenerated activated carbon and the like still need to be further solved. The solvent regeneration method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, no influence on the structure of the activated carbon and high regeneration efficiency, and is considered to be an effective way for the regeneration of the activated carbon. Chinese patent document CN106345440A provides a method for regenerating activated carbon, washing an activator with deionized water and holding the temperature for several hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, but it has the following problems: the regenerated active carbon has poor adsorption effect, reduced mechanical strength and the like, and is not beneficial to the reutilization of the waste active carbon. Chinese patent document CN108906138A provides a regeneration method of activated carbon or carbon-based catalyst, ozone is introduced to regenerate waste activated carbon after alkali liquor soaking, the method is complex to operate, the regeneration process is not easy to control, and introduced O is difficult to control3The gas still needs further treatment after reaction, so the method is difficult to realize in large-scale industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon, which aims to solve the defects of poor performance and complicated regeneration process of the regenerated activated carbon in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
s1, adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent for reaction, and performing solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, wherein the desorption agent is prepared by mixing an alkaline compound, an organic solvent and water;
s2, adding the solid obtained by solid-liquid separation of S1 into a regenerant for reaction, and carrying out solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, wherein the regenerant is prepared by mixing an activating agent, an oxidizing agent and an acid solution;
and S3, washing and drying the solid obtained by the solid-liquid separation of S2 to obtain the regenerated activated carbon.
In the desorption agent, the content of the alkaline compound is 2-15 percent, the content of the organic solvent is 1-10 percent, and the balance is water.
The alkaline compound is NaOH, KOH or Na2CO3And K2CO3A mixture of one or more of them.
The organic solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol and acetone.
In the regenerant, the content of an activating agent is 2-8 percent, the content of an oxidizing agent is 5-12 percent and the balance is acid liquor in percentage by mass.
The activating agent is FeSO4、Mg(NO3)2And Ba (NO)3)2One or more mixtures of (a).
The oxidant is H2O2。
The acid liquor is H2SO4The solute weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution is 3 to 10 percent.
The volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon is (2-3): 1; the volume ratio of the regenerant to the waste activated carbon is (1-3): 1.
in S1, stirring and reacting the waste activated carbon and the desorption agent for 1-4 hours at the temperature of 60-100 ℃; in S2, the solid obtained by solid-liquid separation of S1 and the regenerant are fully stirred for 2 to 4 hours at a temperature of between 80 and 100 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adds the waste activated carbon into the desorption agent for reaction, and the alkaline compound and the organic solvent in the desorption agent have good removal or decomposition effects on main products (such as sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate and dioxin) generated by the adsorption and reaction of the activated carbon in the sintering process. The waste active carbon is treated by the desorption agent and then reacts with the regenerant, and the regenerant is prepared by mixing an activating agent, an oxidizing agent and an acid liquor, so that the oxidizable regenerant decomposes organic impurities in the gaps of the waste active carbon into micromolecular substances or CO2And H2And O, and meanwhile, the pores are further oxidized and enlarged, so that the regenerated activated carbon has excellent adsorption performance. The activating agent in the regenerant increases the activating speed and effectively shortens the activating time. And the increase of the number of nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the activated carbon enhances the activity of intermediate complex oxygen in the adsorption process of the activated carbon, and enhances the adsorption performance of the regenerated activated carbon. The method not only recovers the adsorption capacity of the waste activated carbon well, but also does not need to be provided with special activation equipment, has strong actual operability and has good economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the regeneration method for the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible, not only can better recover the adsorption capacity of the waste activated carbon, but also has shorter activation time and lower loss of the regenerated activated carbon, and low-temperature operation is favorable for realizing online operation and industrial scale use. The invention relates to a method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste active carbon to remove the powdered waste active carbon with the granularity less than 3 mm;
2) adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, stirring for 1-4 hours at 60-100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
3) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 2) into a regenerant, fully stirring for 2-4 hours at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
4) and (3) washing and drying the solid matters obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 3) to obtain the regenerated activated carbon. The obtained regenerated active carbon can be loaded into a desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system for continuous use.
Wherein:
the desorption agent is prepared by mixing an alkaline compound, an organic solvent and water; the alkaline compound is NaOH, KOH or Na2CO3And K2CO3A mixture of one or more of; the organic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol and acetone; in the desorption agent, the content of the alkaline compound is 2-15 percent, the content of the organic solvent is 1-10 percent and the balance is water in percentage by mass.
The regenerant is prepared by mixing an activating agent, an oxidizing agent and acid liquor; the activator is FeSO4、Mg(NO3)2And Ba (NO)3)2One or more mixtures of (a); the oxidant is H2O2(ii) a The acid liquor is H2SO4Aqueous solution, the weight percentage concentration of solute is 3% -10%; in the regenerant, the content of the activating agent is 2-8 percent, the content of the oxidizing agent is 5-12 percent and the balance is acid liquor in percentage by mass.
The volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon is (2-3): 1; the volume ratio of the regenerant to the waste activated carbon is (1-3): 1.
example 1
The regeneration method of the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste activated carbon and the waste activated carbon after the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment, and removing the powdered waste activated carbon with the granularity smaller than 3 mm;
2) preparing a desorption agent, wherein the desorption agent is prepared by mixing 7% of NaOH, 3% of KOH, 8% of methanol and the balance of water in percentage by mass.
3) Preparing an activator, wherein the activator is prepared from 5% of FeSO in percentage by mass44% Mg (NO)3)210% of H2O2And the rest of the weight of H2SO4Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain2SO4The solute concentration in the aqueous solution was 6% by weight.
4) Adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, controlling the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon to be 3:1, stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
5) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 4) into an activating agent, controlling the volume ratio of the regenerant to the solid matter to be 2:1, fully stirring for 4 hours at 100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
6) and (3) filtering, washing and drying filter residues to obtain regenerated active carbon, weighing the active carbon to ensure that the regeneration yield is 98.3%, and carrying out an adsorption performance test, wherein the test result is shown in table 1.
Example 2
The regeneration method of the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste activated carbon and the waste activated carbon after the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment, and removing the powdered waste activated carbon with the granularity smaller than 3 mm;
2) preparing a desorption agent, wherein the desorption agent is prepared by mixing 12% of NaOH, 10% of methanol and the balance of water by mass percentage.
3) Preparing an activator, wherein the activator is composed of 3% of FeSO in percentage by mass42% of Mg (NO)3)22% of Ba (NO)3)210% of H2O2And the rest of the weight of H2SO4Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain2SO4The weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution is 8%.
4) Adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, controlling the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon to be 3:1, stirring for 3 hours at 60 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
5) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 4) into an activating agent, controlling the volume ratio of the regenerant to the solid matter to be 1:1, fully stirring for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
6) filtering, washing the filter residue with water, drying to obtain regenerated active carbon, weighing the active carbon to obtain the regeneration yield of 97.8%, and carrying out adsorption performance test, wherein the test results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
The regeneration method of the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste activated carbon and the waste activated carbon after the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment, and removing the powdered waste activated carbon with the granularity smaller than 3 mm;
2) preparing a desorption agent which comprises 10 percent of KOH and 3 percent of Na in percentage by mass2CO32% of K2CO36% methanol, 4% ethanol and the balance of water.
3) Preparing an activator consisting of, in mass percent, 5% Mg (NO)3)23% of Ba (NO)3)212% of H2O2And the rest of the weight of H2SO4Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain2SO4The weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution was 4%.
4) Adding the waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, controlling the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon to be 2:1, stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
5) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 4) into an activating agent, controlling the volume ratio of the regenerant to the solid matter to be 3:1, fully stirring for 2 hours at 100 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
6) and (3) filtering, washing and drying filter residues to obtain regenerated active carbon, weighing the active carbon to ensure that the regeneration yield is 98.6%, and carrying out an adsorption performance test, wherein the test result is shown in table 1.
Example 4
The regeneration method of the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste activated carbon and the waste activated carbon after the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment, and removing the powdered waste activated carbon with the granularity smaller than 3 mm;
2) preparing a desorption agent which comprises 11 percent of KOH and 3 percent of K by mass percent2CO34% by weight of methanol, 4% by weight of acetone, 4% by weight of ethanol and the balance of water.
3) Preparing an activator, wherein the activator is composed of 4% of FeSO in percentage by mass44% of Ba (NO)3)28% of H2O2And the rest of the weight of H2SO4Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain2SO4The weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution is 5%.
4) Adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, controlling the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon to be 2:1, stirring for 1 hour at 90 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
5) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 4) into an activating agent, controlling the volume ratio of the regenerant to the solid matter to be 1:1, fully stirring for 2 hours at 90 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
6) filtering, washing the filter residue with water, drying to obtain regenerated active carbon, weighing the active carbon to obtain the regeneration yield of 99.1%, and performing adsorption performance test, wherein the test results are shown in table 1.
Example 5
The regeneration method of the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon comprises the following steps:
1) screening the waste activated carbon and the waste activated carbon after the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment, and removing the powdered waste activated carbon with the granularity smaller than 3 mm;
2) preparing a desorption agent which comprises 5 percent of NaOH and 3 percent of K by mass percentage2CO36% methanol, 10% ethanol and the balance of water.
3) Preparing an activator consisting of 2% by mass of Mg (NO)3)23% of FeSO46% of H2O2And the rest of the weight of H2SO4Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain2SO4The weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution is 3 percent
4) Adding the waste activated carbon into a desorption agent, controlling the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon to be 2:1, stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
5) adding the solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation in the step 4) into an activating agent, controlling the volume ratio of the regenerant to the solid matter to be 2:1, fully stirring for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and carrying out solid-liquid separation;
6) and (3) filtering, washing and drying filter residues to obtain regenerated active carbon, weighing the regeneration yield of the active carbon to be 98.7%, and carrying out an adsorption performance test, wherein the test result is shown in table 1.
Control group 1
The virgin activated carbon was subjected to adsorption performance tests under the same conditions, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Control group 2
The waste activated carbon is put into deionized water, stirred for 3 hours at 80 ℃, dried and weighed, the regeneration yield of the activated carbon is 99.4 percent, and the adsorption performance test is carried out, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The activated carbon obtained in the above examples and the control group was tested for adsorption capacity by the following method: methylene blue adsorption values were determined according to GB/T12496.10-1999; iodine adsorption values were determined according to GB/T12496.8-1999; the carbon tetrachloride adsorption value was measured according to GB/T12496.5-1999. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the method for regenerating the desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon can effectively regenerate the adsorption saturated waste activated carbon, better recover the adsorption performance of the activated carbon, and the yield of the regenerated activated carbon is higher, which indicates that the waste activated carbon treated by the method does not have pulverization and crushing to a greater extent in the whole regeneration process and can keep the original quality unchanged, so the regenerated activated carbon obtained by the method has high mechanical strength and is beneficial to the cyclic utilization of the waste activated carbon.
In the method for regenerating the desulfurization and denitrification waste active carbon, the desorption agent is formed by mixing a strong alkali solution and an organic solvent, and has good removal or decomposition effect on main products generated by adsorption and reaction of the active carbon in the sintering process, such as sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, dioxin and the like. After the waste activated carbon is treated by the desorption agent, organic impurities in the gaps of the waste activated carbon are decomposed into micromolecular substances or CO by using a regenerant with stronger oxidizability2And H2And O. Meanwhile, the stronger oxidizability further oxidizes and enlarges pores, so that the regenerated activated carbon has excellent adsorption performance. The activating agent in the regenerant increases the activating speed and effectively shortens the activating time. And the increase of the number of nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the activated carbon enhances the activity of intermediate complex oxygen in the adsorption process of the activated carbon, and enhances the adsorption performance of the regenerated activated carbon. The method not only recovers the adsorption capacity of the waste activated carbon well, but also does not need to be provided with special activation equipment, has strong actual operability and has good economic and social benefits. The activated carbon regeneration method not only can better recover the adsorption capacity of the waste activated carbon, but also has shorter activation time compared with the time required by the traditional solvent regeneration method. Meanwhile, the low-temperature operation is beneficial to realizing on-line operation and industrial scale use, is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible, shortens the regeneration time of the waste activated carbon, and has good regeneration effect.
Claims (10)
1. A method for regenerating desulfurization and denitrification waste activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding waste activated carbon into a desorption agent for reaction, and performing solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, wherein the desorption agent is prepared by mixing an alkaline compound, an organic solvent and water;
s2, adding the solid obtained by solid-liquid separation of S1 into a regenerant for reaction, and carrying out solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, wherein the regenerant is prepared by mixing an activating agent, an oxidizing agent and an acid solution;
and S3, washing and drying the solid obtained by the solid-liquid separation of S2 to obtain the regenerated activated carbon.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the desorption agent comprises 2 to 15% by mass of alkaline compound, 1 to 10% by mass of organic solvent and the balance of water.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the alkaline compound is NaOH, KOH or Na2CO3And K2CO3A mixture of one or more of them.
4. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the organic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol and acetone.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the regenerant comprises, in mass%, 2-8% of an activating agent, 5-12% of an oxidizing agent, and the balance acid solution.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the activating agent is FeSO4、Mg(NO3)2And Ba (NO)3)2One or more mixtures of (a).
7. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the oxidant is H2O2。
8. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the acid solution is H2SO4The solute weight percentage concentration of the aqueous solution is 3 to 10 percent.
9. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the volume ratio of the desorption agent to the waste activated carbon is (2-3): 1; the volume ratio of the regenerant to the waste activated carbon is (1-3): 1.
10. a process for regenerating a spent activated carbon for desulfurization and denitrification as set forth in claim 9, wherein in S1, the spent activated carbon is reacted with a desorption agent at 60-100 ℃ for 1-4 hours with stirring; in S2, the solid obtained by solid-liquid separation of S1 and the regenerant are fully stirred for 2 to 4 hours at a temperature of between 80 and 100 ℃.
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| CN115624952A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-20 | 城康材料技术有限公司 | Novel carbon material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115709056A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-24 | 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 | Regeneration method of waste activated carbon containing vanadium pentoxide |
| CN115845826A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-28 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Method for regenerating waste activated carbon by ammonia |
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Application publication date: 20191224 |