CN116213497A - Preparation method and application of aluminum alloy drawing material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of aluminum alloy drawing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116213497A CN116213497A CN202211653605.1A CN202211653605A CN116213497A CN 116213497 A CN116213497 A CN 116213497A CN 202211653605 A CN202211653605 A CN 202211653605A CN 116213497 A CN116213497 A CN 116213497A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
- H01M50/133—Thickness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an aluminum alloy drawing material, wherein the aluminum alloy drawing material is obtained through processes of aluminum ingot, alloy mixing, melting, casting, homogenizing, extruding, drawing and the like, wherein the extruding process adopts section heating, three sections of temperatures are sequentially reduced, the temperature difference is controlled within 10-30 ℃, the diameter of an aluminum alloy round ingot after hot peeling is reduced by 2-4 mm, the aluminum alloy round ingot is further extruded under 100-130 MPa of degassing pressure and within 10 ℃ of outlet temperature deviation, the advancing speed of an extruding rod is sequentially reduced, the advancing speed of the three sections of the extruding rod is controlled within 0.1-0.8 mm/s, the dimensional accuracy of the same ingot extrusion product is controlled within 0.03, the dimensional accuracy of the same extrusion batch is controlled within 0.05, and the smooth proceeding of the drawing process is effectively ensured, so that a power battery shell with no bubble, air hole and impurity scratch defect on the surface is prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an aluminum alloy drawing material.
Background
The thinning of the square power battery shell of the aluminum alloy is an important way for realizing weight reduction and improving the space utilization rate and the charging amount. Based on the requirements of the use occasions, the material is 3003, and the material has good corrosion resistance, excellent heat conduction performance, laser weldability, certain strength and certain hardness. The diameter of the circumcircle is more than 100mm, and the length-width ratio is 2-5: 1, the thinnest wall thickness of the square battery case with equal walls or unequal walls is 0.3mm, and the wall thickness precision is required to be +/-0.08 or even more severe.
The aluminum alloy power battery case (round or square) manufactured by the prior manufacturing technology has the following steps: the first is to select 3003 material or improved alloy, roll into sheet material, cut and then deep-draw; the second is to select 3003 material or improved alloy, extrude the material into plate, cut and then back extrude the plate; and thirdly, 3003 material or modified alloy is selected and obtained by cold drawing a hot extrusion blank. The first and second methods have the advantages that the length of the finished product is limited and the longest length cannot exceed 500mm because the friction force of deep drawing or back extrusion and the stripping difficulty are greatly increased along with the length increase; the finished length of the third method is not limited. The prior art is advantageous in manufacturing a battery case with round walls, because a blank for drawing (namely an extrusion product) is round, according to the principle of concentric circles in the center of an extrusion die, extrusion difficulty is low, meanwhile, the extrusion blank is round, drawing is round, deformation amounts are consistent everywhere, conditions such as drawing fracture, drawing product wrinkling and the like caused by non-synchronization due to non-uniformity of deformation hardly exist, and when the battery case with four sides and the like is manufactured, when the battery case with four sides and the like is used for manufacturing a battery case with four sides and the like, the wall thickness of the four sides and the like is more than 0.7mm, the battery case with square battery case with four sides and the like or the wall and the like (and the minimum wall thickness is less than 0.7 mm) is difficult to realize, and main problems of the battery case include: 1) The drawn blank (namely a hot extrusion finished product) is extremely unstable in size, and as is well known, in the hot extrusion process, due to the influence of temperature fluctuation of a casting rod and the influence of friction temperature rise in the extrusion process of an extrusion die, the extruded finished product can change in the same cross section size, the head and tail parts of the extruded finished product can also change, and have no regularity, when the wall thickness of a cold drawn finished product is smaller (the wall thickness is smaller than 0.7 mm), the wall thickness of the drawn blank corresponding to the cold drawn finished product also synchronously changes, at the moment, the wall thickness of the drawn blank changes relatively, the difference of drawing deformation degrees is large, and the drawing cannot be performed due to the fact that moire, wrinkling and even stretch-breaking often occur at the wall thickness difference. 2) When the thin-wall battery shell is extruded, oil dirt, foreign matters and segregation layer tissues on the surface of the round ingot enter the extruded section, so that the defects of scraping, air holes and the like at the thin wall are caused; 3) When the thin-wall battery shell is extruded, the degassing in the extrusion process is insufficient, and air in the ingot accommodating barrel is easily involved in a product, so that the defects of bubbles and air holes on the surface of the thin-wall extruded section are caused. Chinese patent CN110983115A discloses an improved 3003 aluminum alloy strip and a preparation method thereof, wherein the patent technology controls the aluminum alloy composition to be Si 0.5-0.7%, fe 0.6-0.8%, cu 0.05-0.2%, mn 1.0-1.5%, mg 0-0.02%, zn 0-0.02%, mg+Zn < 0.03%, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, and the strip with the thickness of 1.8-3.5 mm is obtained through the steps of casting, ingot homogenization treatment, hot rolling, cold rolling, stretching bending straightening, cutting and the like, so that the technical scheme cannot be used for preparing a thin-wall battery shell with excellent performance in the process of preparing the power battery shell; chinese patent CN103100575a discloses an isothermal extrusion method with speed sectional control, and the technical scheme realizes isothermal extrusion by using PLC logic to control the extrusion rod moving speed sectional curve of the aluminum extruder, but the patent does not relate to the technical effect of isothermal extrusion after speed sectional control on preparing a thin-wall power battery case; the Chinese patent CN112547831A discloses a production method of a large-width aluminum alloy ribbed pipe, which comprises the steps of adopting three sections of preheating for cast aluminum alloy, controlling the heating temperature of a first section to be 460-480 ℃, controlling the temperature of a middle section to be 450-470 ℃, controlling the temperature of a tail section to be 440-460 ℃, simultaneously carrying out three-section sectional preheating on an extrusion cylinder, controlling the temperature of the first section to be 420-440 ℃, controlling the temperature of the middle section of the extrusion cylinder to be 400-420 ℃, controlling the extrusion speed of the tail section of the extrusion cylinder to be 380-400 ℃ and obtaining the aluminum alloy ribbed pipe at 0.2-0.4 mm/s, wherein the wall thickness of the pipe obtained by the technical scheme is more than 3mm, and the strength of the mechanical property obtained by the technical scheme is high.
In summary, an aluminum alloy material capable of being used for preparing a thin-wall (equal wall or unequal wall) square battery shell with excellent performance is obtained, which cannot be achieved in the prior art at present, so that development of an aluminum alloy for preparing the thin-wall square power battery shell with equal wall or unequal wall and a preparation process thereof have very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention designs the aluminum alloy components and the processes of homogenization, extrusion and the like in the preparation process to obtain the aluminum alloy drawing material, and further prepares the power battery shell by matching with the drawing process.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy drawn material, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy, and melting and casting to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and carrying out fixed-length sawing to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the length of the aluminum alloy round ingot A is 300-700 mm;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the temperature of the front section is 490-510 ℃, the temperature of the middle section is 480-500 ℃, the temperature of the tail section is 460-490 ℃, the temperature difference of the front section, the temperature of the middle section and the temperature of the tail section are sequentially reduced, the temperature difference is controlled to be 10-30 ℃, then hot peeling is carried out, the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B is reduced by 2-4 mm, extrusion degassing is further carried out, the extrusion degassing pressure is controlled to be 100-130 MPa, the extrusion outlet temperature deviation is controlled to be within 10 ℃, the extrusion rod extrusion speed is controlled to be 2-5 mm/S, the extrusion speeds of the front section, the middle section and the tail section are sequentially reduced, and the extrusion speed difference is controlled to be 0.1-0.8 mm/S, so that an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is obtained through extrusion;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to obtain an aluminum alloy drawing material.
Further, in the step S1, the aluminum alloy round ingot A comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05 to 0.18 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.70 percent of Fe, 1.00 to 1.20 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.60 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg+Zn+Li, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, in mass percentage, the aluminum alloy round ingot A in the step S1 comprises the following components: 0.10 to 0.18 percent of Cu, 0.36 to 0.45 percent of Fe, 1.05 to 1.20 percent of Mn, 0.06 to 0.18 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mg+Zn+Li, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
Further, in terms of mass percent, the single content of unavoidable impurities in the composition of the round ingot in the step S1 is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content is less than or equal to 0.15%.
Further, the melting and casting in the step S1 comprises the step of carrying out melt purity treatment by adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate series tubular filter.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides an aluminum alloy drawing material.
Further, the hydrogen content in the aluminum alloy drawing material is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100gAl.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the aluminum alloy drawing material in a power battery shell.
And controlling the drawing deformation of the center points of the long side and the short side of the aluminum alloy drawing material to be 15-18%, controlling the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side to be 13-15%, and drawing to obtain the power battery shell.
Further, the shell is round or square, and the square shell is equal wall or unequal wall.
Furthermore, the diameter of the circumcircle of the square shell is more than or equal to 100mm, and the thinnest wall thickness is more than or equal to 0.3mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention obtains the ultrathin aluminum alloy section through homogenizing and extruding the round cast ingot, realizes the high dimensional accuracy of the extruded section, the head and tail parts of the extruded product of the same round cast ingot, the dimensional accuracy of the extruded section (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section is controlled within the range of 0.03mm, the same extrusion batch is controlled within the range of 0.05mm, the high dimensional accuracy of the extruded section effectively ensures the smooth running of the drawing process, and the extruded section has no bubble, air hole and impurity scratch defect, and effectively ensures the performance of the drawn finished product.
Detailed Description
The experimental methods of the present invention, in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various chemicals commonly used in the examples are commercially available.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps is not limited to the elements or modules listed but may alternatively include additional steps not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation of the aluminum alloy drawing material and the power battery shell in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy according to mass percentage, and melting and casting, wherein the method comprises the steps of adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate serial tubular filter to perform melt purity treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
the round cast ingot comprises the following components: cu 0.12%, fe 0.44%, mn1.18%, si0.15%, mg+Zn+Li:0.03%, ti:0.02 percent, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities (the single content of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15 percent);
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and sawing the aluminum alloy round ingot A to a length of 480mm to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the homogenization conditions are as follows: heating to 615 ℃ within 2.5h, preserving heat for 12h, and then cooling to room temperature by air fog;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the front section is 500 ℃, the middle section is 490 ℃, the tail section is 475 ℃, then carrying out hot peeling, reducing the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B by 3mm, further carrying out extrusion, controlling extrusion degassing pressure to be 120MPa, controlling extrusion outlet temperature deviation to be within 10 ℃, in the extrusion rod advancing process, the front section advancing speed is 3.8mm/S, the middle section advancing speed is 3.3mm/S, the tail section advancing speed is 3.0mm/S, carrying out mirror polishing on an extrusion die working belt before extrusion, and carrying out extrusion by using a stopper inspection die with the assembly deviation of less than 0.01mm to obtain an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C, wherein the dimensional accuracy (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness size of a section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.030mm, and the same extrusion batch is 0.048mm;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to prepare the aluminum alloy drawing material with the hydrogen content of 0.12ml/100gAl.
The drawing treatment process comprises the following steps: the center points of the long side and the short side have drawing deformation of 18%, the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side is 15%, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface has no defects such as bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Example 2
The preparation of the aluminum alloy drawing material and the power battery shell in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy according to mass percentage, and melting and casting, wherein the method comprises the steps of adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate serial tubular filter to perform melt purity treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
the round cast ingot comprises the following components: cu 0.12%, fe 0.44%, mn1.18%, si0.15%, mg+Zn+Li:0.03%, ti:0.02 percent, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities (the single content of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15 percent);
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and sawing the aluminum alloy round ingot A to a length of 480mm to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the homogenization conditions are as follows: heating to 615 ℃ within 2.5h, preserving heat for 12h, and then cooling to room temperature by air fog;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the front section is 490 ℃, the middle section is 480 ℃, the tail section is 460 ℃, then carrying out hot peeling, reducing the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B by 3mm, further carrying out extrusion, controlling extrusion degassing pressure to be 130MPa, controlling extrusion outlet temperature deviation to be within 10 ℃, in the extrusion rod advancing process, the front section advancing speed is 4.2mm/S, the middle section advancing speed is 3.8mm/S, the tail section advancing speed is 3.5mm/S, carrying out mirror polishing on an extrusion die working belt before extrusion, and carrying out extrusion by using a stopper rod to check that the die assembly deviation is less than 0.01mm, so as to obtain an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C, wherein the dimensional accuracy (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness size of the section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.025mm, and the same extrusion batch is 0.048mm;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to prepare the aluminum alloy drawing material with the hydrogen content of 0.12ml/100gAl.
The drawing treatment process comprises the following steps: the center points of the long side and the short side have drawing deformation of 18%, the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side is 15%, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface has no defects such as bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Example 3
The preparation of the aluminum alloy drawing material and the power battery shell in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy according to mass percentage, and melting and casting, wherein the method comprises the steps of adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate serial tubular filter to perform melt purity treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
the round cast ingot comprises the following components: cu 0.12%, fe 0.44%, mn1.18%, si0.15%, mg+Zn+Li:0.03%, ti:0.02 percent, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities (the single content of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15 percent);
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and sawing the aluminum alloy round ingot A to a length of 480mm to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the homogenization conditions are as follows: heating to 615 ℃ within 2.5h, preserving heat for 12h, and then cooling to room temperature by air fog;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the temperature of the front section is 510 ℃, the temperature of the middle section is 495 ℃, the temperature of the tail section is 485 ℃, then carrying out hot peeling, reducing the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B by 3mm, further carrying out extrusion, controlling extrusion degassing pressure to be 120MPa, controlling extrusion outlet temperature deviation to be within 10 ℃, in the extrusion rod advancing process, controlling the front section advancing speed to be 3.5mm/S, controlling the middle section advancing speed to be 3.3mm/S, controlling the tail section advancing speed to be 3.0mm/S, carrying out mirror polishing on an extrusion die working belt before extrusion, checking that die assembly deviation is smaller than 0.01mm by using a stopper rod, and extruding to obtain an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C, wherein the dimensional accuracy (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness size of a section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.028mm, and the same extrusion batch is 0.050mm;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to prepare the aluminum alloy drawing material with the hydrogen content of 0.12ml/100gAl.
The drawing treatment process comprises the following steps: the center points of the long side and the short side have drawing deformation of 18%, the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side is 15%, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface has no defects such as bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Example 4
The preparation of the aluminum alloy drawing material and the power battery shell in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy according to mass percentage, and melting and casting, wherein the method comprises the steps of adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate serial tubular filter to perform melt purity treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
the round cast ingot comprises the following components: cu 0.10%, fe 0.37%, mn1.05%, si0.06%, mg+Zn+Li:0.03%, ti:0.02 percent, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities (the single content of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15 percent);
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and sawing the aluminum alloy round ingot A to a length of 320mm to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the homogenization conditions are as follows: heating to 615 ℃ within 2.5h, preserving heat for 12h, and then cooling to room temperature by air fog;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the front section is 500 ℃, the middle section is 490 ℃, the tail section is 475 ℃, then carrying out hot peeling, reducing the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B by 2mm, further carrying out extrusion, controlling extrusion degassing pressure to be 110MPa, controlling extrusion outlet temperature deviation to be within 10 ℃, in the extrusion rod propulsion process, controlling the front section propulsion speed to be 3.0mm/S, controlling the middle section propulsion speed to be 2.6mm/S, controlling the tail section propulsion speed to be 2.2mm/S, carrying out mirror polishing on an extrusion die working belt before extrusion, checking that the die assembly deviation is smaller than 0.01mm by using a stopper rod, and extruding to obtain an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C, wherein the dimensional accuracy (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness size of a section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.025mm, and the same extrusion batch is 0.045mm;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to prepare the aluminum alloy drawing material with the hydrogen content of 0.12ml/100gAl.
The drawing treatment process comprises the following steps: the center points of the long side and the short side have drawing deformation of 18%, the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side is 15%, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface has no defects such as bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Example 5
The preparation of the aluminum alloy drawing material and the power battery shell in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy according to mass percentage, and melting and casting, wherein the method comprises the steps of adopting an online box degassing device and a ceramic filter plate serial tubular filter to perform melt purity treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
the round cast ingot comprises the following components: cu 0.10%, fe 0.37%, mn1.05%, si0.06%, mg+Zn+Li:0.03%, ti:0.02 percent, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities (the single content of the unavoidable impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15 percent);
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and sawing the aluminum alloy round ingot A to 680mm long to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the homogenization conditions are as follows: heating to 615 ℃ within 2.5h, preserving heat for 12h, and then cooling to room temperature by air fog;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the front section is 500 ℃, the middle section is 490 ℃, the tail section is 475 ℃, then carrying out hot peeling, reducing the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B by 4mm, further carrying out extrusion, controlling extrusion degassing pressure to be 110MPa, controlling extrusion outlet temperature deviation to be within 10 ℃, in the extrusion rod propulsion process, controlling the front section propulsion speed to be 3.0mm/S, controlling the middle section propulsion speed to be 2.9mm/S, controlling the tail section propulsion speed to be 2.8mm/S, carrying out mirror polishing on an extrusion die working belt before extrusion, checking that the die assembly deviation is smaller than 0.01mm by using a stopper rod, and extruding to obtain an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C, wherein the dimensional accuracy (the maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness size of a section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.028mm, and the same extrusion batch is 0.046mm;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to prepare the aluminum alloy drawing material with the hydrogen content of 0.12ml/100gAl.
The drawing treatment process comprises the following steps: the center points of the long side and the short side have drawing deformation of 18%, the deformation of the positions of the two sides of the long side and the short side is 15%, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface has no defects such as bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
The difference from example 1 is that the heating temperature in the middle section of the aluminum alloy drawing material preparation step S3 is different, and is specifically shown in table 1;
TABLE 1
According to the process parameters in table 1, the properties of the aluminum alloy extruded profiles C obtained in the present comparative examples 1 to 3 and the power battery case obtained after drawing were as follows:
comparative example 1: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.050mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.100mm, the power battery shell is obtained after the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is obtained through extrusion and drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the power battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Comparative example 2: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.060mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.090mm, the power battery shell is obtained after the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is obtained through extrusion and drawing, the diameter of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the power battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like.
Comparative example 3: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.080mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.110mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, wherein the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the power battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scraping and the like.
Comparative examples 4 to 6
The difference from example 1 is that the extrusion speed of the extrusion rod in the aluminum alloy drawing material preparation step S3 is different, specifically as shown in table 2;
TABLE 2
According to the process parameters in table 2, the properties of the aluminum alloy extruded profiles C obtained in comparative examples 4 to 6 and the power battery case obtained after drawing were as follows:
comparative example 4: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.070mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.100mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is obtained by extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, wherein the diameter of an external circle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scratch and the like;
comparative example 5: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.080mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.110mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, wherein the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scraping and the like;
comparative example 6: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.080mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.110mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, wherein the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, and the surface of the power battery shell has no defects of bubbles, air holes, scraping and the like.
Comparative examples 7 to 8
The difference from example 1 is that the reduction amount of the diameter of the round ingot after the round ingot is peeled in the step S3 of preparing the aluminum alloy drawing material is different, and the specific is shown in table 3;
TABLE 3 Table 3
According to the process parameters in table 3, the properties of the aluminum alloy extruded profiles C obtained in comparative examples 7 to 8 and the power battery case obtained after drawing were as follows:
comparative example 7: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.028mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.048mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, and a power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, no bubbles and air holes are formed on the surface, and the impurity scratch defective rate is 1.50%;
comparative example 8: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail of the same round cast ingot extrusion product is 0.029mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.048mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, no bubbles and air holes are formed on the surface, and the impurity scratch defective rate is 5.00%.
Comparative examples 9 to 10
The difference from example 1 is that the extrusion degassing pressure in the step S3 is different, specifically as shown in table 4;
TABLE 4 Table 4
According to the process parameters in table 4, the properties of the aluminum alloy extruded profiles C obtained in the present comparative examples 9 to 10 and the power battery case obtained after drawing were as follows:
comparative example 9: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.030mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.046mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained after extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, wherein the diameter of an external circle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, the surface bubble and air hole reject ratio is 1.50%, and the defects such as scratch and the like are avoided;
comparative example 10: the dimensional accuracy (maximum deviation value of the same nominal wall thickness dimension of the cross section) of the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C obtained by extrusion is as follows: the head and tail parts of the same round cast ingot extrusion product are 0.028mm, the same extrusion batch is 0.045mm, the aluminum alloy extrusion section C is obtained by extrusion, and the power battery shell is obtained after drawing, the diameter of the circumcircle of the battery shell is 120mm, the thinnest wall thickness is 0.3mm, the surface bubble and air hole reject ratio is 1.20%, and the defects such as scratch and the like are avoided.
From the results of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10, it is apparent that the extrusion process has a significant influence on the dimensional accuracy of the aluminum alloy extruded profile C during the preparation of the aluminum alloy drawn material and the power battery case, and thus influences the surface morphology of the power battery case obtained after drawing.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be arbitrarily combined, and in order to simplify the description, all possible combinations of the features in the foregoing embodiments are not described, and those skilled in the art may combine and combine the features of the different embodiments and the different embodiments described in the present specification without contradiction.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy drawing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mixing an aluminum ingot and an alloy, and melting and casting to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot A;
s2, carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy round ingot A, and carrying out fixed-length sawing to obtain an aluminum alloy round ingot B, wherein the length of the aluminum alloy round ingot A is 300-700 mm;
s3, heating the aluminum alloy round ingot B in a section mode, wherein the temperature of the front section is 490-510 ℃, the temperature of the middle section is 480-500 ℃, the temperature of the tail section is 460-490 ℃, the temperature difference of the front section, the temperature of the middle section and the temperature of the tail section are sequentially reduced, the temperature difference is controlled to be 10-30 ℃, then hot peeling is carried out, the diameter of the peeled aluminum alloy round ingot B is reduced by 2-4 mm, extrusion degassing is further carried out, the extrusion degassing pressure is controlled to be 100-130 MPa, the extrusion outlet temperature deviation is controlled to be within 10 ℃, the extrusion rod extrusion speed is controlled to be 2-5 mm/S, the extrusion speeds of the front section, the middle section and the tail section are sequentially reduced, and the extrusion speed difference is controlled to be 0.1-0.8 mm/S, so that an aluminum alloy extrusion profile C is obtained through extrusion;
and S4, carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy extrusion profile C to obtain an aluminum alloy drawing material.
2. The method for producing an aluminum alloy drawn material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy round ingot a in the step S1 comprises, in mass percent: 0.05 to 0.18 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.70 percent of Fe, 1.00 to 1.20 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.60 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg+Zn+Li, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
3. The method for producing an aluminum alloy drawn material according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy round ingot a comprises, in mass percent: 0.10 to 0.18 percent of Cu, 0.36 to 0.45 percent of Fe, 1.05 to 1.20 percent of Mn, 0.06 to 0.18 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mg+Zn+Li, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
4. The method for producing an aluminum alloy drawn material according to claim 2, wherein the individual content of the unavoidable impurities is 0.05% or less and the total amount is 0.15% or less in mass percent.
5. The method for producing drawn aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the melting and casting in step S1 includes melt purity treatment by using an in-line tank degassing apparatus and a ceramic filter plate-series tube filter.
6. The aluminum alloy drawn material produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The aluminum alloy drawn material according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen content in the aluminum alloy drawn material is 0.12ml/100gAl or less.
8. Use of the aluminum alloy drawn material according to claim 6 in a power battery case.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the power housing is circular or square, and the square housing is an equal wall or an unequal wall.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the circumscribed circle diameter of the power square housing is equal to or more than 100mm and the thinnest wall thickness is equal to or more than 0.3mm.
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