CN116211915A - Application of camphor essential oil as medicine for preventing varroa destructor - Google Patents
Application of camphor essential oil as medicine for preventing varroa destructor Download PDFInfo
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- CN116211915A CN116211915A CN202310373361.XA CN202310373361A CN116211915A CN 116211915 A CN116211915 A CN 116211915A CN 202310373361 A CN202310373361 A CN 202310373361A CN 116211915 A CN116211915 A CN 116211915A
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- essential oil
- varroa destructor
- camphor
- camphor essential
- bee
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- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 241001558516 Varroa destructor Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 claims description 21
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- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 25
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- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N β-(E)-Caryophyllene Chemical compound C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BQSLMQNYHVFRDT-CABCVRRESA-N (-)-gamma-Elemene Natural products CC(C)=C1CC[C@](C)(C=C)[C@@H](C(C)=C)C1 BQSLMQNYHVFRDT-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-OWEBEESNSA-N (1e,4z,8e)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-triene Chemical compound C\C1=C/CC(C)(C)\C=C/C\C(C)=C\CC1 FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-OWEBEESNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-epi-beta-caryophyllene oxide Natural products C=C1CCC2OC2(C)CCC2C(C)(C)CC21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017613 Aloysia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2CC[C@]1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDUJKDRUFBJYSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-elemene Natural products CC(C)C1=CC(=C(C)C)CCC1(C)C=C QDUJKDRUFBJYSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYBREYKSZAROCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-myrcene Natural products CC(=C)CCCC(=C)C=C VYBREYKSZAROCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088601 alpha-terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QXAITBQSYVNQDR-ZIOPAAQOSA-N amitraz Chemical compound C=1C=C(C)C=C(C)C=1/N=C/N(C)\C=N\C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C QXAITBQSYVNQDR-ZIOPAAQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002587 amitraz Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-cariophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C)(C)C21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFJQCDVYDGGFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-phellandrene Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(=C)C=C1 LFJQCDVYDGGFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010624 camphor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000411 camphor oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940117948 caryophyllene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N caryophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005233 cineole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 cnidium-6-ene-4-ol Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003640 drug residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000078703 ectoparasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002468 fat body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BQSLMQNYHVFRDT-LSDHHAIUSA-N gamma-elemene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CC[C@@](C)(C=C)[C@H](C(C)=C)C1 BQSLMQNYHVFRDT-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVOXATXFYDNXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-elemene Natural products CC(=C1CCC(C)(C(C1)C(=C)C)C(=C)C)C RVOXATXFYDNXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- QBNFBHXQESNSNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N humulene Natural products CC1=CC=CC(C)(C)CC=C(/C)CCC1 QBNFBHXQESNSNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N syringin Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\CO)=CC(OC)=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011285 therapeutic regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/54—Lauraceae (Laurel family), e.g. cinnamon or sassafras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/02—Acaricides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/14—Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses application of camphor essential oil as a medicine for preventing and controlling varroa destructor; the camphor essential oil has good effect of killing varroa destructor, fumigation toxicity can penetrate through the wax cover, and mites can be treated without trapping the queen of the bee colony; the volatility is strong, and the residual quantity of bee products in the bee colony is low; the essential oil makes varroa destructor difficult to generate drug resistance; the Cinnamomum camphora essential oil has low cost and low toxicity to bees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing mites of bees, in particular to application of camphor essential oil as a medicine for preventing and controlling varroa destructor.
Background
Colony losses are always a serious problem faced in bee rearing. Ectoparasite varroa destructor (also called varroa destructor) feeds on bee fat body, resulting in weight and protein content of parasitic bees to decrease, thereby affecting the internal and external work of bees such as flying and feeding. The varroa destructor has direct influence on the individual behavior and health of bees, and serious larva development and adult bee physiology are caused by modes of carrying and broadcasting viruses, enhancing virus virulence, weakening the immune system of bees and the like. If a bee colony fails to control the population growth of varroa destructor by the acaricidal drugs in time, the varroa destructor usually collapses and dies within half to two years, and the varroa destructor prevention and control has become a necessary measure for bee keeping production.
The widely used broad-spectrum bee mite control drugs (such as pyrethroid, amitraz, formic acid and the like) mainly have the problems of poor drug effect, drug residue, influence on the quality of bee products and the like caused by drug resistance induced by long-term drug use due to long-term repeated application; the method of trapping the queen of the queen bee is matched during the application of the medicine, so that the bee mites are completely exposed to remove the mites, but the method has higher requirements on the experience of beekeepers, can influence the development of the swarm vigor and weakens the swarm vigor; the healthy breeding of bee colonies is urgently needed to be safer, not easy to generate drug resistance and low-residue natural green acaricide.
The camphor essential oil is prepared by extracting essential oil from camphor leaves, separating 149 components, and identifying 98 structures, wherein the components with the relative content of more than 1% in the camphor essential oil are beta-linalool, eucalyptol, alpha-terpineol, caryophyllene, cnidium-6-ene-4-ol, beta-phellandrene, gamma-elemene, alpha-caryophyllene, eucalyptus oil enol, beta-apimene, myrcene and beta-terpineol, and the linalool has the maximum content in the camphor essential oil and has the effects of resisting bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like, so the camphor essential oil is mainly applied to the medical care field, the animal husbandry field and the spice field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides an application of camphor essential oil as a medicine for preventing varroa destructor.
The technical scheme is as follows: the camphor essential oil disclosed by the invention is applied to a medicine for preventing and treating varroa destructor.
Further, the application comprises the steps of: firstly, the camphor essential oil is dripped on cotton balls, then the cotton balls are put into a beehive, and the camphor essential oil is volatilized freely and acts on the bee colony and the nest.
Further, when the compound is used as treatment, according to the swarm vigor, the linalool essential oil is applied to every 1 foot frame bees, the amount of linalool essential oil is 0.4-0.7 mL, and the repeated application time interval is 2-6 days; there are already clearly visible varroa destructor mites in the bee colony, where the infection is severe and requires administration according to a therapeutic regimen.
Further, when the compound is used for prevention, according to the swarm vigor, the camphor oil quantity is 0.4-0.7 mL for every 1 foot frame bees, and the repeated application time interval is 1 time per month; during the period that the varroa destructor individual is not clearly found in the bee colony or the bees infected by the varroa destructor individual, the varroa destructor can be applied according to a preventive method, and the probability of the bee colony infecting varroa destructor is reduced.
Further, when the outside air temperature is more than 32 ℃, the time interval for applying the essential oil is 2-3 days, and the rest temperature is used for repeatedly applying the essential oil according to the time interval of 5-6 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) The camphor essential oil has good effect of killing varroa destructor, fumigation toxicity can penetrate through the wax cover, and mites can be treated without trapping the queen of the bee colony; (2) high volatility and low residual amount in bee products in the bee colony; (3) The camphor essential oil makes varroa destructor difficult to generate drug resistance; (4) the camphor essential oil has low cost and low toxicity to bees.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by referring to examples.
The camphor essential oil used in the invention is prepared by itself, and the specific method is as follows: after the camphor branches and leaves are ground and crushed, water with 5-10 times of mass is added and mixed by shaking based on the 2020 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia four division "volatile oil determination method", the camphor branches and leaves are slowly heated to be boiled and kept slightly boiling for about 5 hours, then the heating is stopped, and the piston at the lower end of the determination device is started to collect pure camphor essential oil.
The parasitic situation of the bee colony is evaluated by adopting the following two methods:
the method for counting the parasitic rate of the bee body comprises the following steps: 60-80 adult worker bees are randomly sampled in each group, and after being soaked in 75% alcohol, the numbers of varroa destructor attached to the bees and falling off are carefully checked. Bee parasitic ratio = mite count ≡bee count x 100%.
The statistical method of the cell parasitic rate comprises the following steps: one Feng Gaizi spleen is randomly taken out from each group, adult bees on the surface of the honeycomb are gently swept away by using a bee brush, 60-80 capping worker honeycomb houses are picked up by using tweezers, larvae/pupae in the honeycomb houses are carefully clamped out, and the varroa destructor mites of the bees and the honeycomb walls are carefully inspected and counted. Cell parasitism rate = adult mother mites ≡cell number x 100%.
In example 1, a flat box of normal colony potential (5 foot frame bees) was used to feed bees during the period of application of the drug at 13-21 ℃ outside air temperature in Jiangsu spring, absorbent cotton balls with 2mL of camphor essential oil applied to the inner bottom of the box were placed, and after 5 days, the cotton balls were taken out.
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: the parasitism rates of the varroa destructor and the nest room before the administration are respectively 8.8% and 11.6%, and after the administration, the parasitism rate of the varroa destructor is reduced to 2.8%, and the parasitism rate of the nest room is reduced to 4.1%.
Example 2, jiangsu spring, the outside air temperature during application is 18-25 ℃. Taking a flat box with medium group potential (7 foot frame bees) to feed the bees, and applying absorbent cotton balls containing 3.5mL of camphor essential oil at the bottom of the box. After 6 days, the cotton balls were again applied with 3.5mL drops, and after 5 days another interval, the cotton balls were removed (i.e., 11 days after the first application).
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: the parasitism rates of the varroa destructor and the nest room before the administration are respectively 6.7% and 8.2%, and after the administration, the parasitism rate of the varroa destructor is reduced to 0%, and the parasitism rate of the nest room is reduced to 1.4%.
Example 3, preventive administration of a bee colony in early spring propagation is carried out in Jiangsu spring, wherein the outside air temperature is 7-20 ℃ and the outside air temperature is 2-4 months during the administration period; applying medicine for the first time in middle 2 ten days, wherein the swarm vigor is weaker (4 foot frame bees), and applying absorbent cotton balls containing 2mL of camphor essential oil at the bottom of the box; in mid 3 months, the colony had developed to a medium colony potential (7 foot frame bees), and absorbent cotton balls containing 3mL of camphor essential oil were applied again to the bottom of the tank.
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: no varroa destructor infection was found in the honeycombs and the nest in the middle of 2 months before and after administration, 3 months before and after administration and 4 months.
Example 4, the outside air temperature was 28-35℃during administration in the early summer of Jiangsu. Taking a flat box with medium group potential (7 foot frame bees) to feed the bees, and applying absorbent cotton balls containing 3.5mL of camphor essential oil at the bottom of the box. After 3 days, the cotton balls were again applied with 3.5mL drops, and after 3 days another interval, the cotton balls were removed (i.e., 6 days after the first application).
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: the parasitism rates of the varroa destructor and the nest room before the administration are respectively 8.8% and 15.2%, and after the administration, the parasitism rate of the varroa destructor is reduced to 2.7%, and the parasitism rate of the nest room is reduced to 4.2%.
Example 5, the outside temperature during application was 21-32 ℃ in the early autumn of Jiangsu. And (3) taking a trunk with stronger group potential (12 foot frame bees) to feed the bee colony, and respectively applying absorbent cotton balls containing 4mL of camphor essential oil to the bottom in the trunk and the horizontal queen cell. After 4 days, cotton balls with 4mL are respectively applied to the bottom of the box and the horizontal queen cell, and then 4mL cotton balls are respectively applied to the bottom of the box and the horizontal queen cell at intervals of 5 days, and the cotton balls are taken out after 5 days (namely 14 days after the first application).
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: the parasitism rates of the varroa destructor and the nest room before the administration are respectively 11.6% and 16.2%, and after the administration, the parasitism rate of the varroa destructor is reduced to 3.8%, and the parasitism rate of the nest room is reduced to 3.9%.
Example 6, jiangsu autumn, the outside temperature during application is 19-27 ℃. Taking a flat box with stronger group potential (11 foot frame bees) to feed the bees, and respectively applying absorbent cotton balls containing 3mL and 2.5mL of camphor essential oil to the bottom in the box and the horizontal queen bee fence. After 5 days, cotton balls with 3mL and 2.5mL drop are applied on the bottom of the box and the horizontal queen cell respectively, and the cotton balls are taken out after 6 days (namely 11 days after the first application).
Evaluation of bee colony parasitics: the parasitism rates of the varroa destructor and the nest room before the administration are respectively 11.1% and 13.3%, and after the administration, the parasitism rate of the varroa destructor is reduced to 1.6%, and the parasitism rate of the nest room is reduced to 2.6%.
Claims (5)
1. An application of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil as a medicine for preventing and treating varroa destructor is provided.
2. Use of camphor essential oil according to claim 1 as a medicament for controlling varroa destructor, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: firstly, the camphor essential oil is dripped on cotton balls, then the cotton balls are put into a beehive, and the camphor essential oil is volatilized freely and acts on the bee colony and the nest.
3. The use of the camphor essential oil according to claim 2 as a medicament for controlling varroa destructor, characterized in that the camphor essential oil is applied per 1 foot frame bee for 0.4-0.7 mL according to the swarm vigor and the repeated application time interval is 2-6 days.
4. The use of the camphor essential oil according to claim 2 as a medicament for controlling varroa destructor, characterized in that the camphor essential oil is applied per 1 foot frame bee for 0.4-0.7 mL according to the swarm potential, and the repeated application time interval is 1 month.
5. The use of camphor essential oil as claimed in claim 3 as a medicament for controlling varroa destructor, characterized in that the essential oil is applied for a period of 2 to 3 days at an outside air temperature >32 ℃, and the essential oil is repeatedly applied at the rest of the temperature for a period of 5 to 6 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310373361.XA CN116211915A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Application of camphor essential oil as medicine for preventing varroa destructor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310373361.XA CN116211915A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Application of camphor essential oil as medicine for preventing varroa destructor |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102512486A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Medicine for preventing and controlling varroa destructors and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102512486A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Medicine for preventing and controlling varroa destructors and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 胡福良, 朱威, 李英华: "香精油的抗蜂螨作用及其在蜂群中的应用", 昆虫知识, no. 04, pages 1 - 2 * |
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