CN116210698A - 一种增强蜜蜂群势信息素配方及装置 - Google Patents
一种增强蜜蜂群势信息素配方及装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种增强蜜蜂群势的信息素配方及装置,包括连接部、横撑端、分隔部和密闭盖,连接部的底部和顶部分别一体化设置有安置环和横撑端,安置环的内侧一体化设置有分隔部,安置环的两端可拆卸套接有密闭盖,安置环内侧填充有信息素,分隔部中开口设置有若干个通孔,通孔环绕在安置环的内侧,信息素穿过通孔紧贴在分隔部的两侧。该装置放置于蜂群巢脾之间,并通过释放信息素维持蜂群群势,提高产量。本发明信息素配方主要成分为:反式‑9‑氧代‑2‑癸烯酸、9‑羟基‑2‑癸烯酸、10‑‑羟基‑2‑癸烯酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、4‑羟基‑3‑甲氧基苯乙醇和β‑罗勒烯,该信息素配方具有抑制蜜蜂蜂群急造王台、不易分蜂、维持强群和社会稳定作用,从而增加蜂蜜的产量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蜜蜂养殖技术领域,尤其涉及一种增强蜜蜂群势的信息素配方及装置。
背景技术
我国是世界第一养蜂大国,蜂蜜产量排名第一。但蜂蜜质量不高,在国际市场上售价低廉,竞争力差。如何进行优质高产蜂蜜等蜂产品一直是我国养蜂业的重要瓶颈性问题。在蜜蜂养殖过程中,群势强的蜂群具有繁殖力强、抗病力强、消耗饲料少、增产效应大、蜂蜜质量高、抗逆性强等优点。饲养蜜蜂强群是保证蜂产品增产和高品质的重要基础保证。强群不仅可以提高产量,也可以加快蜂蜜在蜂箱的成熟过程,提高蜂蜜波美度等质量指标,特别是强群对中蜂蜂蜜的质量提高具有重要作用。此外,强群抵抗力强,可抵御疾病,降低饲养成本,减少药物使用以免污染蜂产品。
蜜蜂信息素是蜂群内相互交流的主要媒介,是蜂群维持社会稳定的重要手段。蜂王会释放反式-9-氧代-2-癸烯酸等蜂王信息素,可维持强群和社会稳定,不易分蜂。当蜂群失去蜂王时,整个蜂群出现管理混乱,生产能力受到严重制约。失王3-7天后出现急造王台现象,蜜蜂利用小幼虫培育新蜂王,但该过程耗时耗力,且因没有蜂王繁殖后代,对蜂群的群势造成断崖式下跌,不仅严重影响蜂产品产量,甚至导致整群蜂覆灭。蜂群中的蜂王较老或者不健康时,蜂王信息素释放量下降,会出现分蜂热,从而导致蜂群社会动荡,工蜂无法专心采蜜、以及蜂群繁殖能力下降、工蜂的数量下降等,从而导致蜂群整体蜂蜜生产能力下降非常严重。此外,蜜蜂幼虫也能释放β-罗勒烯等信息素,且这些信息素不仅可以维持蜂群社会稳定,还能调控蜂群的生产性能。特别是β-罗勒烯,它是蜜蜂幼虫的饥饿信息素,可促进工蜂出巢采集,提高蜂群的工作积极性和生产性能。因此,本发明首创了一种蜜蜂维持强群信息素配方及装置。利用蜂王信息素和蜜蜂幼虫信息素形成配方,并设计专门的装置将信息素放置于蜂箱中,保持蜂群群势强,生产力强,产蜜量高。该发明使用方便,具有极佳的维持群势和增产增质效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中的蜂群容易动荡、繁殖能力下降、封盖子脾数下降、蜂蜜产量下降的问题,从而提出一种蜜蜂增强蜜蜂群势和提高蜂产品产量的信息素配方及装置。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:一种增强蜜蜂群势的信息素配方,包括重量配比的如下成分:反式-9-氧代-2-癸烯酸:50mg-150mg、9-羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、10--羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯:Amg-20mg、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙醇:1mg-3mg、β-罗勒烯:Aul-18ul、天然蜂蜡:100ml。这些信息是蜂王信息素和蜜蜂幼虫饥饿信息素组合而成的优选配方,可以控制蜂群维持强群,维持社会稳定,促进蜜蜂外出采集食物等作用。
根据蜜蜂生物学特性,发明一种增强蜜蜂群势的装置,可直接放置于蜂群巢脾之间,持续释放信息素数月以上。该装置包括用于装载如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂维持强群信息素的安置环,还包括连接部、横撑端、分隔部和密闭盖,所述连接部的底部和顶部分别一体化设置有安置环和横撑端,所述安置环的内侧一体化设置有分隔部,所述安置环的两端可拆卸套接有密闭盖,所述安置环内侧填充有信息素。
进一步优选的,所述分隔部中开口设置有若干个通孔,所述通孔环绕在安置环的内侧,信息素穿过通孔紧贴在分隔部的两侧,通孔可使两侧含信息素的蜂蜡相连,不易从安置环脱落。
进一步优选的,所述所述横撑端分别设置有两个对称设置在连接部的顶部,连接部和两个横撑端之间连接处设置有连接折角部,两个横撑端通过连接折角部进行折叠。
进一步优选的,所述横撑端可向连接部靠近进行折叠九十度,两个横撑端折叠后与连接部保持平行。
进一步优选的,所述横撑端可向上远离连接部进行九十度折叠,两个横撑端折叠后并联平行在连接部的顶部。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、通过信息素供蜜蜂舔食,信息素具有抑制蜜蜂蜂群急造王台,具有假蜂王的作用,可有助于蜂群维持强群和社会稳定,而维持强群和保证社会稳定可显著促进蜜蜂繁殖和蜂蜜等生产,以及促进蜜蜂的繁殖能力,从多个方面增加蜂蜜的产量;
2、横撑端可以向上或者向下弯曲,两个横撑端组合,使两个横撑端与连接部平行,减少横撑端在运输过程中折断率,便于装置的运输和包装工作;
3、安置环中的通孔使信息素左右连通,信息素更好的附着在安置环内壁,从而防止信息素脱落;密闭盖盖住安置环,防止信息素在运输时脱落,并防止信息素释放,使用非常方便的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体结构示意图;
图2为本发明横撑端的使用示意图一;
图3为本发明横撑端的使用示意图二;
图4为本发明横撑端的使用示意图三;
图5为本发明横撑端的使用示意图四。
图中:连接部1、横撑端2、安置环3、分隔部4、密闭盖5、信息素A、通孔7、连接折角部8。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
一种增强蜜蜂群势的信息素配方,包括重量配比的如下成分:反式-9-氧代-2-癸烯酸:50mg-150mg、9-羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、10--羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯:Amg-20mg、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙醇:1mg-3mg、β-罗勒烯:Aul-18ul、天然蜂蜡:100ml。
将天然蜂蜡对照组和信息素添加组涂抹在装置中,再将两个装置分别挂在两个蜂巢中,如下为急造王台出现时间天、封盖子脾数张、蜂蜜产量数据对比;
添加发明配方对无王群蜜蜂急造王台的影响
急造王台出现天数 | 急造王台数量 | |
配方添加组 | 3.67±1.20 | 5.67±2.40 |
对照组 | 1.00±0.00 | 26.67±13.32 |
结果显示,添加配方组无王群平均3.67天才首次出现王台,而对照组无王群第一天全部出现急造王台,同时,配方组的急造王台数也明显少于对照组,这说明配方添加组具有抑制蜜蜂蜂群急造王台,即表明该配方具有假蜂王的作用,可有助于蜂群维持强群和社会稳定,而维持强群和保证社会稳定可显著促进蜜蜂繁殖和蜂蜜等生产;
添加发明配方对蜜蜂繁殖的影响
封盖子脾数(张) | |
配方添加组 | 3.48±0.15 |
对照组 | 2.85±0.28 |
结果显示,添加配方组的封盖子脾数多于对照组,说明该配方可以促进蜜蜂的繁殖能力;
添加发明配方对蜂蜜产量的影响
蜂蜜产量 | |
配方添加组 | 15.71±0.39 |
对照组 | 12.07±0.94 |
结果显示,添加配方组的蜂蜜产量明显高于对照组,说明该配方可以促进蜜蜂的蜂蜜生产能力,提高蜂农的经济效益。
信息素的制备方法:
步骤1、将天然中蜂蜂蜡加热至六十摄氏度融化;
步骤2、将固体或油脂状信息素放入恒温箱加热六十度融化;
步骤3、按配方比率,利用移液枪吸取信息素注入小试管;
步骤4、将小试管中滴入一百微升无水乙醇先搅拌溶解;
步骤5、融入一百毫升六十摄氏度的蜂蜡溶液,充分搅拌三分钟。
参照图1,一种增强蜜蜂群势的装置,包括用于装载如权利要求1的信息素配方的安置环3,还包括连接部1、横撑端2、分隔部4和密闭盖5,连接部1的底部和顶部分别一体化设置有安置环3和横撑端2,安置环3的内侧一体化设置有分隔部4,安置环3的两端可拆卸套接有密闭盖5,安置环3内侧填充有信息素A。
优选的,分隔部4中开口设置有若干个通孔7,通孔7环绕在安置环3的内侧,信息素A穿过通孔7紧贴在分隔部4的两侧,安置环3中的通孔7使信息素A左右连通,信息素A更好的附着在安置环3内壁,从而防止信息素A脱落。
本实施例中,参照图2-5,横撑端2分别设置有两个对称设置在连接部1的顶部,连接部1和两个横撑端2之间连接处设置有连接折角部8,两个横撑端2通过连接折角部8进行折叠,两个横撑端2通过厚度小的连接折角部8可以进行折叠,使横撑端2折叠后与连接部1平行。
优选的,参照图2-3,横撑端2可向连接部1靠近进行折叠九十度,两个横撑端2折叠后与连接部1保持平行,两个横撑端2分别抵在连接部1的两侧,使连接部1和两个横撑端2整体可以进行包装,不会产生凸起,便于运输。
优选的,参照图4-5,横撑端2可向上远离连接部1进行九十度折叠,两个横撑端2折叠后并联平行在连接部1的顶部,两个横撑端2紧贴在一起,使连接部1和两个横撑端2平行,连接部1和两个横撑端2包装后不会产生凸起,便于运输。
本发明中,生产时,将两个密闭盖5分别从安置环3上取下,再将信息素A涂抹在安置环3的两侧,信息素A进入通孔7连通,再将两个密闭盖5盖上安置环3,然后将两个横撑端2向下或向上折叠,最后将装置整体装入包装袋进行密封包装;
使用时,撕开包装袋,将装置取出,取下密闭盖5,然后将两个横撑端2掰至水平,再将两个横撑端2横在蜂巢蜜脾之间,蜂蜜舔食信息素A后,受到信息素A的刺激,使蜂蜜增产,不使用信息素A时将密闭盖5盖上即可。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种增强蜜蜂群势的信息素配方,其特征在于:包括重量配比的如下成分:反式-9-氧代-2-癸烯酸:50mg-150mg、9-羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、10--羟基-2-癸烯酸:17mg-53mg、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯:Amg-20mg、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙醇:1mg-3mg、β-罗勒烯:Aul-18ul、天然蜂蜡:100ml。
2.一种增强蜜蜂群势的装置,其特征在于:包括用于装载如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂增产信息素的安置环(3),还包括连接部(1)、横撑端(2)、分隔部(4)和密闭盖(5),所述连接部(1)的底部和顶部分别一体化设置有安置环(3)和横撑端(2),所述安置环(3)的内侧一体化设置有分隔部(4),所述安置环(3)的两端可拆卸套接有密闭盖(5)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的增强蜜蜂群势的装置,其特征在于,所述分隔部(4)中开口设置有若干个通孔(7),所述通孔(7)环绕在安置环(3)的内侧,信息素(A)穿过通孔(7)紧贴在分隔部(4)的两侧。
4.根据权利要求2所述的增强蜜蜂群势的装置,其特征在于,所述所述横撑端(2)分别设置有两个对称设置在连接部(1)的顶部,连接部(1)和两个横撑端(2)之间连接处设置有连接折角部(8),两个横撑端(2)通过连接折角部(8)进行折叠。
5.根据权利要求4所述的增强蜜蜂群势的装置,其特征在于,所述横撑端(2)可向连接部(1)靠近进行折叠九十度,两个横撑端(2)折叠后与连接部(1)保持平行。
6.根据权利要求4所述的增强蜜蜂群势的装置,其特征在于,所述横撑端(2)可向上远离连接部(1)进行九十度折叠,两个横撑端(2)折叠后并联平行在连接部(1)的顶部。
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