CN116210490B - Intelligent seedling cultivation device and cultivation method - Google Patents
Intelligent seedling cultivation device and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116210490B CN116210490B CN202310151087.1A CN202310151087A CN116210490B CN 116210490 B CN116210490 B CN 116210490B CN 202310151087 A CN202310151087 A CN 202310151087A CN 116210490 B CN116210490 B CN 116210490B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent seedling cultivating device and a cultivating method, comprising a greenhouse, wherein the greenhouse comprises a front wall, a rear wall, two side walls, a cross rod, a longitudinal rod, a mounting area, a supporting edge, a high light-transmitting plate, a water inlet pipe, a water return pipe and heat exchange components, each group of heat exchange components is provided with a plurality of heat exchange single pieces along the length direction, each heat exchange single piece comprises a Fresnel lens integrally fixed on the inner side of the high light-transmitting plate, and a heat collector is arranged at the position of a focusing point below the Fresnel lens, and the intelligent seedling cultivating device also comprises an intelligent temperature control system. According to the invention, the high light-transmitting plate is arranged on the top support of the greenhouse, then the Fresnel lens below the high light-transmitting plate is utilized to collect light at the heat collector, cold water pumped into the heat collector by the water pump is subjected to heat exchange, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, solar heat exchange is more fully utilized, more energy is saved, hot water subjected to solar heat exchange enters the heat storage water tank to be used for being input into the radiator, the temperature in the greenhouse is supplemented, and the temperature in the greenhouse is ensured to be in a proper range of seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent seedling cultivation device and an intelligent seedling cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent gardening planting tools.
Background
The seedling cultivation is to grow the seedling in a greenhouse, and after the seedling grows to a certain extent, the seedling is transplanted to a planting field or a planting forest field for further growth.
The greenhouse needs sufficient sunlight when cultivating, and cultivates the nursery stock and requires relatively high to the temperature, and present greenhouse only utilizes the heat preservation cotton to cover at night, and the temperature in the greenhouse can also reach the requirement daytime, but evening or overcast and rainy day just can not satisfy the requirement, also set up the temperature compensating device at night in some greenhouses, but only use the electric energy, and energy-conserving effect is relatively poor, and breeding device intelligent degree is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent seedling cultivating device, which solves the problems that the existing greenhouse is covered by heat-insulating cotton at night, the temperature in the greenhouse can meet the requirement in daytime, but the requirement cannot be met at night or in overcast and rainy days, and night temperature compensating devices are arranged in some greenhouses, but only electric energy is used, the energy-saving effect is poor, and the intelligent degree of the cultivating device is low. Is a problem of (a).
The invention relates to an intelligent seedling cultivating device, which comprises a greenhouse, wherein the greenhouse comprises a front wall, a rear wall and two side walls, a plurality of cross bars are fixed between the two side walls along the width direction of the greenhouse, a plurality of longitudinal bars are fixed between the adjacent cross bars along the length direction of the greenhouse, square installation areas are formed between the two adjacent cross bars and the two longitudinal bars, supporting edges are fixed on the cross bars and the longitudinal bars around the installation areas, a high light-transmitting plate is fixed on the supporting edges of each installation area, a water inlet pipe and a water return pipe along the width direction are respectively fixed on the inner sides of the two side walls, a plurality of groups of heat exchange assemblies are connected between the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe in parallel, a plurality of heat exchange single pieces are arranged between each group of heat exchange assemblies along the length direction, each heat exchange single piece comprises a Fresnel lens integrally fixed on the inner side of the high light-transmitting plate, a heat collector is arranged at the position of a focus below the Fresnel lens, connecting rods are fixed on two sides of the heat collector, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the cross rod, a plurality of heat collectors in the same heat exchange assembly are connected in series through a first connecting pipe, the right side of the rear end side wall is fixedly provided with a cold water tank, the top of the cold water tank is fixedly provided with a heat storage water tank, the upper part of the cold water tank is fixedly provided with a water injection pipe, the water injection pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, the lower part of the cold water tank is fixedly provided with a water delivery pipe, the other end of the water delivery pipe is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water delivery pipe between the first water pump and the cold water tank, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water delivery pipe between the water delivery pipe and the cold water tank, a water return pipe is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the heat storage water tank, the bottom of the heat storage water tank is fixedly provided with a water suction pipe, the inner sides of the lower parts of the front wall, the rear wall and the two side walls are fixedly provided with radiators, the inlets of the radiators are connected with the water suction pipe, the water suction pipe is provided with a second water pump, the outlet of the radiator is connected with a circulating pipe communicated with the heat storage water tank, the upper part and lower part of the cold water tank is provided with a liquid level sensor, an electric heating pipe is fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the heat storage water tank, a connecting pipe II is fixed on a water pipe between the electromagnetic valve II and the water pump I, the other end of the connecting pipe II is fixed with a water pumping pipe, a solenoid valve III is arranged on the connecting pipe II, one ends of the heat storage water tank and the water return pipe connected with the heat storage water tank are respectively provided with a temperature sensor I, an air inlet channel is arranged on the upper part of the rear wall, an air outlet channel is arranged on the front wall, axial flow fans are respectively arranged in the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel, a temperature sensor II is arranged in the greenhouse, a PLC (programmable logic controller) is connected with an outer port of the air outlet channel, and the PLC is connected with the photosensitive switch, the temperature sensor I, the axial flow fans, the water pump I, the water pump II, the electromagnetic valve I, the electromagnetic valve II, the electromagnetic valve III, the electric heating pipe, the liquid level sensor I and the liquid level sensor II.
Preferably, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed on the cross rod through bolts, and one end of the fixing plate is positioned at the bottom of the edge of the Fresnel lens. The fixed plate can play the fixed connecting rod to the effect of lifting the heat collector, and can support the bottom of fresnel lens, prevent that fresnel lens and high light-transmitting plate from breaking away from.
As a preference, because the temperature rise after heat exchange of the heat collector is limited, when the temperature of water passing through the heat collector reaches a certain temperature, even though the water passes through the subsequent heat collector, the temperature of the hot water cannot be raised, therefore, an electric three-way valve is fixed on a connecting pipe I between the adjacent heat collectors, the other outlet of the electric three-way valve is connected with a return pipe, the other end of the return pipe is connected with a return pipe, the water inlet end of the electric three-way valve is provided with a temperature sensor III, and the temperature sensor III is connected with a PLC controller. When the temperature sensor III detects that the temperature reaches the set value, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the electric three-way valve to switch the liquid outlet direction, and the water returns to the heat storage water tank from the return pipe in advance after heat exchange, so that the heat exchange speed is increased.
As a preference, the gas outlet end of the air inlet duct and the gas outlet duct is provided with a plurality of silencing annular plates, the inner side walls of the silencing annular plates are obliquely arranged, the included angles between the inner side walls of the silencing annular plates and the horizontal line are gradually reduced along the gas outlet direction, the silencing annular plates are provided with gas outlet holes, the outer ends of the air inlet duct and the gas outlet duct are respectively fixedly provided with a pipeline, an electric air valve is arranged on each pipeline, a photosensitive switch is arranged on each pipeline at the outer end of each electric air valve, and each electric air valve is connected with a PLC. When the axial flow fan is not started, the PLC controller can control the electric air valve to be closed, so that cool air outside the greenhouse is prevented from entering the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is influenced to be stable, the air inlet duct is arranged on the upper part of the rear wall, and when ventilation and cooling are needed, the air entering the greenhouse can not be directly blown onto seedlings or people in the greenhouse. In addition, the outlet end of the air inlet and outlet channel is provided with a silencing annular plate, and the included angle between the inner side wall of the silencing annular plate and the horizontal line is gradually reduced along the air outlet direction, so that the silencing effect is better.
As one preferable mode, a plurality of ridges are arranged on the ground in the greenhouse along the width direction, water pipes are arranged at one ends of the ridges, water outlets are formed in the water pipes between the adjacent ridges, the other ends of the water pipes are fixedly connected with a water pump I, an electromagnetic valve IV is arranged on the water pipe, an electromagnetic valve V is arranged at one end, close to a water inlet pipe, of the water pipe, a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the ground far away from one end of the water pipe, and the soil humidity sensor, the electromagnetic valve IV and the electromagnetic valve V are connected with a PLC. When the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set lower limit, the PLC is signaled, the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be started, the first water pump pumps water in the cold water tank and discharges water from a water outlet on the water pouring pipe to perform watering irrigation, and when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set upper limit, the PLC is signaled, and the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed. The intelligent degree is higher.
As a preference, the inner sides of the connecting rods of the heat exchange assemblies in the same group are fixedly provided with guide rails, the guide rails are provided with sliding blocks, connecting shafts are fixed between the sliding blocks at the two sides, cleaning rollers are rotatably installed on the connecting shafts, cleaning layers are fixed at the outer sides of the cleaning rollers, the tops of the cleaning layers are tightly attached to the bottoms of Fresnel lenses, chains are fixed at the lower ends of the sliding blocks at the two sides, chain wheels are connected at the two ends of the chains, the chain wheels at the two sides of the same end are fixedly connected through transmission shafts, driving motors are fixedly arranged at the transmission shafts at one end of the chain wheels, and the transmission shafts are rotatably installed on the side walls. When the condensate at the bottom of the Fresnel lens is found to influence solar heat exchange more, the driving motor can be started to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the chain wheel and the chain are driven to rotate, the sliding block is driven to slide along the sliding rail, the cleaning roller on the sliding block is driven to rotate, and the cleaning layer is driven to roll and wipe the bottom of the Fresnel lens.
As one preferable mode, the bottom of the heat storage water tank is provided with a drain pipe, the lower end of the drain pipe is fixed with the cold water tank, a valve is arranged on the drain pipe, the bottom of the heat storage water tank is fixed with a vortex-shaped distribution pipe, the top of the distribution pipe is uniformly provided with water outlets, and the distribution pipe is fixed with the circulating pipe. The valve of the drain pipe can be opened in the morning every day, and the water in the heat storage water tank is discharged into the cold water tank for reuse, so that the water is saved. The water returned to the heat storage water tank by the circulating pipe can be discharged from the water outlet holes of the distributing pipe and impacted to the electric heating pipe, so that the water in the heat storage water tank can be stirred to accelerate the flow, and the heat supplementing heating can be completed more quickly.
Preferably, the water outlet holes are inclined with the outer side low and the inner side high, and reinforcing rods are fixed between adjacent coils of the distribution pipes.
The invention also provides a nursery stock cultivation method, which adopts the cultivation device to cultivate, and comprises the following steps: s1, ploughing after fertilizer is applied to the land in the greenhouse, then ridging, planting seedlings in the soil between the ridges, and then watering and irrigating the seedlings; s2, cultivating by using an intelligent seedling cultivating device, specifically; when the seedlings are cultivated, sunlight enters the greenhouse through the high light-transmitting plate, needed sunlight is provided for the seedlings, the sunlight is focused in the heat collectors through the Fresnel lenses of the heat exchange assemblies, heat exchange is carried out between the sunlight and cold water pumped into the heat collectors from the cold water tank through the water pump I, after the sunlight passes through the heat collectors of each group, the cold water pumped into the heat collectors from the cold water tank is changed into hot water through the water pump I and then enters the heat storage water tank for standby, when the photosensitive switch receives signals to night, the signals are transmitted to the PLC, the electromagnetic valve V and the water pump I are controlled to be closed, when the temperature sensor II in the greenhouse detects that the temperature is reduced to a set value, the signals are transmitted to the PLC, the water pump II is controlled to be started, the hot water in the heat storage water tank II is pumped into the heat radiator to dissipate heat, the temperature in the greenhouse is stabilized, when the temperature sensor II detects that the temperature is highest to the set value, the PLC is controlled to be closed, the fan is started, the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced, and accordingly, the seedlings in a constant range S and the growth range is ensured, the seedlings are planted in the greenhouse is in accordance with the high, and the soil is transplanted to the soil.
In the step S2, when the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor reach the set lower limit during cultivation, a signal is transmitted to the PLC, and the PLC controls the starting of the electric heating pipe in the heat storage water tank to supplement heat to water in the heat storage water tank; when the first liquid level sensor detects a signal, the liquid level reaches a set lower limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be opened for water injection, and when the first liquid level sensor detects the signal, the liquid level reaches a set upper limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be closed; when the liquid level sensor II detects a signal, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic valve III to be opened, the electromagnetic valve II is closed, and the liquid in the heat storage water tank is pumped by the liquid pump I and enters the heat exchange assembly for heat exchange again; when the temperature sensor III detects that the temperature reaches a set value, signaling the PLC controller, controlling the electric three-way valve to switch the liquid outlet direction by the PLC controller, and returning the heat-exchanged water from the return pipe into the heat storage water tank in advance; when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set lower limit, the PLC is signaled, the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be started, the first water pump pumps water in the cold water tank and discharges water from a water outlet on the water pouring pipe to perform watering irrigation, and when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set upper limit, the PLC is signaled, and the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through set up high light-transmitting plate on the top support of big-arch shelter, then utilize the fresnel lens of high light-transmitting plate below to gather light to collector department, heat transfer is carried out to the cold water of taking in the collector to water pump one, improve heat exchange efficiency, and make full use of solar energy heat transfer more, it is more energy-conserving, in solar energy heat transfer's hot water gets into the heat storage water tank and is used for the input radiator, carry out the moisturizing in the big-arch shelter, guarantee that the temperature in the big-arch shelter is in the nursery stock suitable range, be suitable for nursery stock cultivation, and the temperature uses intelligent control, equipment is more intelligent.
2. The fixed plate can play the fixed connecting rod to the effect of lifting the heat collector, and can support the bottom of fresnel lens, prevent that fresnel lens and high light-transmitting plate from breaking away from.
3. When the temperature sensor III detects that the temperature reaches the set value, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the electric three-way valve to switch the liquid outlet direction, and the water returns to the heat storage water tank from the return pipe in advance after heat exchange, so that the heat exchange speed is increased.
4. When the axial flow fan is not started, the PLC controller can control the electric air valve to be closed, so that cool air outside the greenhouse is prevented from entering the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is influenced to be stable, the air inlet duct is arranged on the upper part of the rear wall, and when ventilation and cooling are needed, the air entering the greenhouse can not be directly blown onto seedlings or people in the greenhouse. In addition, the outlet end of the air inlet and outlet channel is provided with a silencing annular plate, and the included angle between the inner side wall of the silencing annular plate and the horizontal line is gradually reduced along the air outlet direction, so that the silencing effect is better.
5. When the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set lower limit, the PLC is signaled, the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be started, the first water pump pumps water in the cold water tank and discharges water from a water outlet on the water pouring pipe to perform watering irrigation, and when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set upper limit, the PLC is signaled, and the PLC controls the first water pump, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed. The intelligent degree is higher.
6. When the condensate at the bottom of the Fresnel lens is found to influence solar heat exchange more, the driving motor can be started to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the chain wheel and the chain are driven to rotate, the sliding block is driven to slide along the sliding rail, the cleaning roller on the sliding block is driven to rotate, and the cleaning layer is driven to roll and wipe the bottom of the Fresnel lens.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat storage water tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the cross bars and the longitudinal bars;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a heat exchange assembly;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a scrub roller;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the chain;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the air outlet duct;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a distribution pipe;
in the figure: 1. the radiator, 2, front wall, 3, electric air valve, 4, silencing annular plate, 5, air outlet channel, 6, axial fan, 7, high light-transmitting plate, 8, cross bar, 9, fresnel lens, 10, water inlet pipe, 11, connecting rod, 12, ridge, 13, water pouring pipe, 14, heat collector, 15, cleaning layer, 16, side wall, 17, guide rail, 18, chain, 19, water pipe, 20, fixed plate, 21, air inlet channel, 22, rear wall, 23, water return pipe, 24, liquid level sensor two, 25, heat storage water tank, 26, electric heating pipe, 27, circulating pipe, 28, distribution pipe, 29, liquid level sensor one, 30, cold water tank, 31, valve, 32, connecting pipe two, 33, solenoid valve two, 34, water pump one, 35, water pump two, 36, solenoid valve one, 37, solenoid valve three, 38, solenoid valve five, 39, connecting pipe one, 40, electric three-way valve, 41, 42, longitudinal rod, 43, support edge, 44, connecting shaft 45, cleaning roller 46, motor, 47, sprocket, 48, drive shaft four, 50, drive shaft, and reinforcing shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
In the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the intelligent cultivation device for nursery stock comprises a greenhouse, the greenhouse comprises a front wall 2, a rear wall 22 and two side walls 16, heat insulation layers are respectively arranged in the front wall 2, the rear wall 22 and the two side walls 16, an entrance door is arranged on one side wall 16, a plurality of cross bars 8 are fixed between the two side walls 16 along the width direction of the greenhouse, a plurality of longitudinal bars 42 are fixed between the adjacent cross bars 8 along the length direction of the greenhouse, the tops of the cross bars 8 and the longitudinal bars 42 are in the same inclined plane, square installation areas are formed between the two adjacent cross bars 8 and the two longitudinal bars 42, supporting edges 43 are fixed on the cross bars 8 and the longitudinal bars 42 around the installation areas, a high light-transmitting plate 7 is fixed on the supporting edge 43 of each installation area, the tops of the high light-transmitting plate 7 are flush with the tops of the cross bars 8 and the longitudinal bars 42, sealant is arranged around the high light-transmitting plate 7, the high light-transmitting plate 7 is made of high light-transmitting glass or plastic, a water inlet pipe 10 and a water return pipe 23 along the width direction are respectively fixed on the inner sides of the two side walls 16, a plurality of groups of heat exchange components are connected in parallel between the water inlet pipe 10 and the water return pipe 23, each group of heat exchange components is provided with a plurality of heat exchange single pieces along the length direction, each heat exchange single piece comprises a Fresnel lens 9 integrally fixed on the inner side of the high light-transmitting plate 7, vacuum is formed between the Fresnel lens 9 and the high light-transmitting plate, a heat collector 14 is arranged at the position of a focusing point below the Fresnel lens 9, connecting rods 11 are fixed on two sides of the heat collector 14, the other ends of the connecting rods 11 are fixedly arranged on the cross rods 8, a plurality of heat collectors 14 in the same heat exchange component are connected in series through connecting pipes 39, a plurality of installation areas are arranged between adjacent heat collectors 14 of the same group of heat exchange components at intervals, a cold water tank 30 is fixed on the right side of the rear side wall 16, a heat storage water tank 25 is fixed on the top of the cold water tank 30, the outside of the heat storage water tank 25 is provided with a heat preservation layer, the upper part of the cold water tank 30 is fixedly provided with a water injection pipe, the water injection pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 36, the lower part of the cold water tank 30 is fixedly provided with a water delivery pipe 19, the other end of the water delivery pipe 19 is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe 10, the water delivery pipe 19 is provided with a first water pump 34, the water delivery pipe 19 between the first water pump 34 and the cold water tank 30 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 33, the water return pipe 23 is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the heat storage water tank 25, the bottom of the heat storage water tank 25 is fixedly provided with a water suction pipe, the inner sides of the lower parts of the front wall 2, the rear wall 22 and the two side walls 16 are fixedly provided with a radiator 1, the inlet of the radiator 1 is connected with a water suction pipe, the water suction pipe is provided with a second water pump 35, the outlet of the radiator 1 is connected with a circulating pipe 27 communicated with the heat storage water tank 25, the upper and lower part of the cold water tank 30 is internally provided with a first liquid level sensor 29, the upper part of the heat storage water tank 25 is provided with a second liquid level sensor 24, the lower inner side wall of the heat storage water tank 25 is fixedly provided with an electric heating pipe 26, the water delivery pipe 19 between the electromagnetic valve II 33 and the water pump I34 is fixedly provided with a connecting pipe II 32, the other end of the connecting pipe II 32 is fixedly connected with a water suction pipe, the connecting pipe II 32 is provided with an electromagnetic valve III 37, one end of the heat storage water tank 25, which is connected with the heat storage water tank 25, and the water return pipe 23 is respectively provided with a temperature sensor I, the upper part of the rear wall 22 is provided with an air inlet channel 21, the front wall 2 is provided with an air outlet channel 5, the air inlet channel 21 and the air outlet channel 5 are respectively internally provided with an axial flow fan 6, the greenhouse is internally provided with a temperature sensor II, the temperature sensor II is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), the outer port of the air outlet channel 5 is provided with a photosensitive switch, the photosensitive switch can use a photosensitive sensor, the photosensitive switch can also use an electronic watch, signals can be sent to the controller when corresponding night and daytime time points are reached, and the PLC controller is connected with the photosensitive switch, the temperature sensor I, the axial flow fans 6, the water pump I34, the water pump II 35, solenoid one 36, solenoid two 33, solenoid three 37, electric heating tube 26, level sensor one 29 and level sensor two 24.
The upper end of the connecting rod 11 is fixed with a fixing plate 20, the fixing plate 20 is fixed on the cross rod 8 through bolts, and one end of the fixing plate 20 is positioned at the bottom of the edge of the Fresnel lens 9. The connecting rod 11 has an L-shaped structure.
An electric three-way valve 40 is fixed on a first connecting pipe 39 between adjacent heat collectors 14, the other outlet of the electric three-way valve 40 is connected with a return pipe 41, the other end of the return pipe 41 is connected with a return pipe 23, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the water inlet end of the electric three-way valve 40, and the third temperature sensor is connected with a PLC controller.
The gas outlet end of air inlet channel 21 and air outlet channel 5 all is equipped with a plurality of amortization annular plates 4, amortization annular plates 4 inside wall slope setting, amortization annular plates 4 inside wall and horizontal line contained angle diminish along the direction of giving vent to anger gradually, are equipped with the apopore on the amortization annular plates 4, and air inlet channel 21 and air outlet channel 5 outer end all are fixed with the pipeline, are equipped with electronic blast gate 3 on the pipeline, and photosensitive switch sets up on the pipeline of the outer end of electronic blast gate 3, and the PLC controller is connected to electronic blast gate 3.
A plurality of ridges 12 are arranged on the ground in the greenhouse along the width direction, water pipes 13 are arranged at one ends of the ridges 12, water outlets are arranged on the water pipes 13 between the adjacent ridges 12, the other ends of the water pipes 13 are fixedly connected with a water pump I34, an electromagnetic valve IV 51 is arranged on the water pipes 13, an electromagnetic valve V38 is arranged at one end, close to the water inlet pipe 10, of the water pipe 19, a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the ground, far away from one end of the water pipes 13, and the soil humidity sensor, the electromagnetic valve IV 51 and the electromagnetic valve V38 are connected with a PLC.
The inside guide rail 17 that is fixed with of connecting rod 11 of same group heat transfer module is equipped with the slider on the guide rail 17, is fixed with connecting axle 44 between the slider of both sides, rotates on the connecting axle 44 and installs cleaning roller 45, and cleaning roller 45's outside is fixed with cleaning layer 15, and fresnel lens 9 bottom is hugged closely at cleaning layer 15 top, and the slider lower extreme of both sides all is fixed with chain 18, and the both ends of chain 18 are connected with sprocket 46, and sprocket 46 of same end both sides passes through transmission shaft 48 fixed connection, and the transmission shaft 48 of one end is fixed with driving motor 47, and transmission shaft 48 rotates and installs on the lateral wall.
The bottom of the heat storage water tank 25 is provided with a drain pipe, the lower end of the drain pipe is fixed with the cold water tank 30, a valve 31 is arranged on the drain pipe, the bottom of the heat storage water tank 25 is fixed with a vortex-shaped distribution pipe 28, the top of the distribution pipe 28 is uniformly provided with water outlet holes 49, and the distribution pipe 28 is fixed with the circulation pipe 27.
The water outlet holes 49 are inclined with the outer side low and the inner side high, and reinforcing rods 50 are fixed between the adjacent coils of the distribution pipes 28. At night, the outer side of the high light-transmitting plate can be covered with heat-insulating cotton cloth.
Example 2 the present invention is also a nursery stock cultivation method, cultivation is performed by using the cultivation device, comprising the following steps: s1, ploughing after fertilizer is applied to the land in the greenhouse, then making ridges 12, planting seedlings in the soil between the ridges 12, and then watering and irrigating the seedlings; s2, cultivating by using an intelligent seedling cultivating device, specifically; when the seedlings are cultivated, sunlight enters the greenhouse through the high light-transmitting plates 7 to provide needed sunlight for the seedlings, sunlight is focused in the heat collectors 14 through the Fresnel lenses 9 of the heat exchange assemblies, heat exchange is carried out between the sunlight and cold water pumped into the heat collectors 14 from the cold water tank 30 through the water pump 34, after the sunlight passes through the heat collectors 14 of each group, the cold water pumped into the heat collectors 14 from the water pump 34 is changed into hot water and then enters the heat storage water tank 25 for standby, when a photosensitive switch receives a signal to night, the photosensitive switch transmits the signal to the PLC, the electromagnetic valve V38 and the water pump I34 are controlled to be closed, when the temperature sensor II in the greenhouse detects that the temperature is reduced to a set value, the PLC controls the water pump II 35 to start, hot water in the water pump II 35 enters the heat radiator 1 to cool the heat, the temperature in the greenhouse is stabilized, when the temperature sensor II detects that the temperature in the greenhouse is highest, the water pump II turns into hot water, the hot water enters the heat storage water tank 25, when the photosensitive switch receives the signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the water pump II to turn off, the electromagnetic valve V38 and the water pump II turns off, the water pump II is controlled to turn off, the temperature of the fan S is controlled to be in a constant range, and the temperature of the greenhouse is reduced, and the seedlings are planted in the greenhouse is kept constant, and the temperature is in the greenhouse, and the temperature is high, and the seedling is transplanted, and the seedling is in the soil growth range, and is in the soil growth condition is in the greenhouse.
In step S2, when the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor reach the set lower limit during cultivation, a signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the electric heating pipe 26 in the hot water storage tank 25 to start, thereby supplementing heat to the water in the hot water storage tank 25; when the first liquid level sensor 29 detects a signal, the liquid level reaches a set lower limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve 36 to be opened for water injection, and when the first liquid level sensor 29 detects the signal, the liquid level reaches a set upper limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve 36 to be closed; when the liquid level sensor II 24 detects a signal, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic valve III 37 to be opened, the electromagnetic valve II 33 to be closed, and the liquid in the heat storage water tank 25 is pumped by the liquid pump I to enter the heat exchange assembly for heat exchange again; when the temperature sensor III detects that the temperature reaches a set value, the temperature sensor III signals the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the electric three-way valve 40 to switch the liquid outlet direction, and the water after heat exchange returns into the heat storage water tank 25 from the return pipe 41 in advance; when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set lower limit, the PLC is signaled, the PLC controls the first water pump 34, the second electromagnetic valve 33 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 51 to be started, the first water pump 34 pumps water in the cold water tank 30 to be discharged from the water outlet on the watering pipe 13 for watering irrigation, and when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set upper limit, the PLC is signaled, and the PLC controls the first water pump 34, the second electromagnetic valve 33 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 51 to be closed.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a seedling intelligence breeding device, including the big-arch shelter, the big-arch shelter includes preceding wall (2), back wall (22) and two side walls (16), be fixed with many horizontal poles (8) along big-arch shelter width direction between two side walls (16), be fixed with many vertical poles (42) along big-arch shelter length direction between adjacent horizontal pole (8), form square installation zone between two adjacent horizontal poles (8) and two vertical poles (42), be fixed with on horizontal pole (8) and vertical pole (42) all around the installation zone and support along (43), be fixed with high printing opacity board (7) on the support along (43) of every installation zone, its characterized in that: a water inlet pipe (10) and a water return pipe (23) along the width direction are respectively fixed on the inner sides of the two side walls (16), a plurality of groups of heat exchange assemblies are connected in parallel between the water inlet pipe (10) and the water return pipe (23), a plurality of heat exchange single pieces are arranged on each group of heat exchange assemblies along the length direction, each heat exchange single piece comprises a Fresnel lens (9) integrally fixed on the inner side of a high light transmission plate (7), a heat collector (14) is arranged at the position of a focusing point below the Fresnel lens (9), connecting rods (11) are fixed on the two sides of the heat collector (14), the other ends of the connecting rods (11) are fixedly arranged on a cross rod (8), a plurality of heat collectors (14) in the same heat exchange assembly are connected in series through a connecting pipe I (39), a cold water tank (30) is fixed on the right side of the rear end side wall (16), a water storage tank (25) is fixed on the top of the cold water tank (30), a water injection pipe is fixed on the upper portion of the cold water tank (30), a solenoid valve I (36) is arranged on the water injection pipe, a water delivery pipe (19) is fixed on the lower portion of the cold water tank (30), the other end of the heat collector (19) is fixed with the water inlet pipe (10), a plurality of heat collectors (14) are fixedly arranged on the water tank I (19), a water pump II (34) is fixed on the water tank II (25) and the water tank II (33) is fixed on the water tank I, the bottom of the heat storage water tank (25) is fixedly provided with a water suction pipe, the inner sides of the lower parts of the front wall (2), the rear wall (22) and the two side walls (16) are fixedly provided with a radiator (1), the inlet of the radiator (1) is connected with the water suction pipe, a water pump II (35) is arranged on the water suction pipe, the outlet of the radiator (1) is connected with a circulating pipe (27) communicated with the heat storage water tank (25), a liquid level sensor I (29) is arranged in the cold water tank (30) up and down, the upper part of the heat storage water tank (25) is provided with a liquid level sensor II (24), the inner side wall of the lower part of the heat storage water tank (25) is fixedly provided with an electric heating pipe (26), a water delivery pipe (19) between the electromagnetic valve II (33) and the water pump I (34) is fixedly provided with a connecting pipe II (32), the other end of the connecting pipe II (32) is fixedly provided with the water suction pipe, one end of the connecting pipe II (32) is provided with a electromagnetic valve III (37), the inner side of the heat storage water tank (25) and one end of the water return pipe (23) is connected with a temperature sensor I, the upper part of the rear wall (22) is provided with an air inlet channel (21), the front wall (2) is provided with an air outlet channel (5), the upper part of the front wall (2) is provided with an air outlet channel (21) and the air outlet channel (5) is provided with an air outlet channel 5), the air outlet channel 5 is provided with an air outlet controller, the air outlet channel 5 is connected with an air outlet sensor 6 and the air outlet sensor 6 is provided with an air outlet pump. The PLC is connected with the photosensitive switch, the first temperature sensor, the axial flow fan (6), the first water pump (34), the second water pump (35), the first electromagnetic valve (36), the second electromagnetic valve (33), the third electromagnetic valve (37), the electric heating pipe (26), the first liquid level sensor (29) and the second liquid level sensor (24); an electric three-way valve (40) is fixed on a first connecting pipe (39) between adjacent heat collectors (14), the other outlet of the electric three-way valve (40) is connected with a return pipe (41), the other end of the return pipe (41) is connected with a return pipe (23), a third temperature sensor is arranged at the water inlet end of the electric three-way valve (40), and the third temperature sensor is connected with a PLC controller; the air inlet duct (21) and the air outlet end of the air outlet duct (5) are respectively provided with a plurality of silencing annular plates (4), the inner side walls of the silencing annular plates (4) are obliquely arranged, the included angles between the inner side walls of the silencing annular plates (4) and a horizontal line are gradually reduced along the air outlet direction, the silencing annular plates (4) are provided with air outlet holes, the outer ends of the air inlet duct (21) and the air outlet duct (5) are respectively fixed with a pipeline, the pipelines are provided with an electric air valve (3), a photosensitive switch is arranged on the pipeline at the outer end of the electric air valve (3), and the electric air valve (3) is connected with a PLC; the inner sides of connecting rods (11) of the same group of heat exchange assemblies are fixedly provided with guide rails (17), the guide rails (17) are provided with sliding blocks, connecting shafts (44) are fixedly arranged between the sliding blocks at the two sides, cleaning rollers (45) are rotatably arranged on the connecting shafts (44), cleaning layers (15) are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the cleaning rollers (45), the tops of the cleaning layers (15) are tightly attached to the bottoms of Fresnel lenses (9), chains (18) are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the sliding blocks at the two sides, chain wheels (46) are connected at the two ends of the chains (18), the chain wheels (46) at the two sides of the same end are fixedly connected through driving shafts (48), driving motors (47) are fixedly arranged at the driving shafts (48) at one end, and the driving shafts (48) are rotatably arranged on the side walls; a plurality of ridges (12) are arranged on the ground in the greenhouse along the width direction, one end of each ridge (12) is provided with a water pipe (13), water outlets are formed in the water pipes (13) between the adjacent ridges (12), the other end of each water pipe (13) is fixedly connected with a first water pump (34), a fourth electromagnetic valve (51) is arranged on the water pipe (13), a fifth electromagnetic valve (38) is arranged at one end, close to the water inlet pipe (10), of the water pipe (19), a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the ground far away from one end of the water pipe (13), and the fourth electromagnetic valve (51) and the fifth electromagnetic valve (38) are connected with a PLC; the bottom of the heat storage water tank (25) is provided with a drain pipe, the lower end of the drain pipe is fixed with the cold water tank (30), a valve (31) is arranged on the drain pipe, a vortex-shaped distribution pipe (28) is fixed at the bottom of the heat storage water tank (25), water outlets (49) are uniformly arranged at the top of the distribution pipe (28), and the distribution pipe (28) is fixed with the circulation pipe (27); the water outlet holes (49) are obliquely arranged with the outer side low and the inner side high, and reinforcing rods (50) are fixed between the adjacent coils of the distribution pipes (28).
2. The intelligent nursery stock growing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the connecting rod (11) is fixed with a fixing plate (20), the fixing plate (20) is fixed on the cross rod (8) through bolts, and one end of the fixing plate (20) is positioned at the bottom of the edge of the Fresnel lens (9).
3. A seedling cultivation method is characterized in that: cultivation with an cultivation apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 1-2, comprising the steps of: s1, ploughing after fertilizer is spread on the land in a greenhouse, then making ridges (12), planting seedlings in the soil between the ridges (12), and then watering and irrigating the seedlings; s2, cultivating by using an intelligent seedling cultivating device, specifically; when the seedlings are cultivated, sunlight enters the greenhouse through the high light-transmitting plate (7) to provide needed sunlight for the seedlings, the sunlight is focused in the heat collector (14) through the Fresnel lens (9) of the plurality of groups of heat exchange assemblies and exchanges heat with cold water pumped into the heat collector (14) from the cold water tank (30) by the water pump I (34), after passing through the plurality of heat collectors (14) of each group, the cold water pumped into the heat collector (14) from the cold water tank (30) by the water pump I (34) is changed into hot water and then enters the heat storage water tank (25) to be standby, when a photosensitive switch receives a signal to night, the photosensitive switch transmits the signal to the PLC controller to control the electromagnetic valve V (38) and the water pump I (34) to be closed, when the temperature sensor II in the greenhouse detects that the temperature drops to a set value, a transmission signal is sent to the PLC, the PLC controls the water pump II (35) to start, the water pump II (35) pumps hot water in the hot water storage tank (25) to enter the radiator (1) for heat dissipation, the temperature in the greenhouse is stabilized, when the temperature sensor II in the greenhouse detects that the temperature is highest to the set value, the transmission signal is sent to the PLC, the PLC controls the water pump II (35) to be closed, the axial flow fan (6) is started, ventilation is carried out, the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced, accordingly, the temperature in the greenhouse is ensured to be in a constant range, S3 and seedlings grow to be in accordance with the transplanted height, and the seedlings are planted in the external land from the interior of the greenhouse.
4. A nursery stock growing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S2, when the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor reach the set lower limit during cultivation, a signal is transmitted to the PLC, and the PLC controls the electric heating pipe (26) in the heat storage water tank (25) to start so as to supplement heat to water in the heat storage water tank (25); when the first liquid level sensor (29) below detects a signal, the liquid level reaches a set lower limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve (36) to be opened for water injection, and when the first liquid level sensor (29) above detects the signal, the liquid level reaches a set upper limit, the signal is sent to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the first electromagnetic valve (36) to be closed; when the liquid level sensor II (24) detects a signal, the signal is sent to the PLC, the PLC controls the electromagnetic valve III (37) to be opened, the electromagnetic valve II (33) is closed, and the liquid in the heat storage water tank (25) is pumped by the liquid pump I and enters the heat exchange assembly for heat exchange again; when the temperature sensor III detects that the temperature reaches a set value, the temperature sensor III signals the PLC, the PLC controls the electric three-way valve (40) to switch the liquid outlet direction, and water returns into the heat storage water tank (25) from the return pipe (41) in advance after heat exchange; when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set lower limit, the PLC is signaled, the PLC controls the first water pump (34), the second electromagnetic valve (33) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (51) to start, the first water pump (34) pumps water in the cold water tank (30) to be discharged from a water outlet on the watering pipe (13) for watering irrigation, and when the soil humidity sensor detects that the humidity reaches the set upper limit, the PLC is signaled, and the PLC controls the first water pump (34), the second electromagnetic valve (33) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (51) to be closed.
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