CN116207347A - Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery - Google Patents
Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN116207347A CN116207347A CN202310036313.1A CN202310036313A CN116207347A CN 116207347 A CN116207347 A CN 116207347A CN 202310036313 A CN202310036313 A CN 202310036313A CN 116207347 A CN116207347 A CN 116207347A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery using the same. The electrolyte provided by the invention comprises the following components: an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt, and an additive, the additive containing a compound a, the compound a being represented by the following structural formula a. By using the additive provided by the invention, the cycle performance and the charging multiplying power of the lithium ion secondary battery under high energy density can be improved. [ Compound A ]]
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery and the lithium ion secondary battery using the electrolyte.
Background
With the development of positive electrode materials for lithium ion secondary batteries, the battery voltage is required to be continuously increased, the gram capacity of the battery materials is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the battery is required to have good cycle performance.
However, after the battery is subjected to long-term circulation in the use process, the battery core material expands due to the volume effect of the battery core material, so that the particle structures of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are damaged, serious cracks are generated, the structures of the existing formed solid electrolyte interface films (SEI and CEI films) are damaged, the solvent in the electrolyte enters the inside of the material, the solid electrolyte interface films (SEI and CEI films) are reformed, the particle structures of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are further damaged, and finally serious capacity attenuation and the like are caused.
In addition, when the lithium ion secondary battery is used for a plurality of times or at a high temperature, the electrical properties of the battery are seriously deteriorated, and the cycle life is not ensured.
For example, CN 112201842a discloses a lithium iron phosphate power battery high-rate point solution, which is characterized by comprising lithium salt and organic solvent; the organic solvent comprises 90-95 wt% of non-aqueous organic solvent and 5-10 wt% of functional additive; the nonaqueous organic solvent comprises ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate; the functional additive comprises vinylene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sulfonate lactone, fluoroethylene carbonate and acetonitrile; the electrolyte is suitable for lithium iron phosphate power batteries with multiplying power not lower than 6C.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the cycle performance and the charging multiplying power of a lithium ion secondary battery under high energy density, so that the lithium ion secondary battery is more economical and effective.
In the process of manufacturing the lithium ion secondary battery, an electrolyte additive is generally added into the electrolyte, which can effectively improve various properties of the lithium ion secondary battery.
The present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, which has a good and stable CEI/SEI film, comprising: an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt and an additive, wherein the additive contains a compound A, and the compound A is shown as the following structural formula a:
[ Compound A ]
Wherein in the structural formula a, R 1 、R 2 Independently is selected from the group consisting of C1-C20 alkyl substituted or unsubstituted by halogen atom, halogen substituted or unsubstitutedAn unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylene group, an unsubstituted biphenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 phenylalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a null bond.
Preferably, the content of the compound a is 0.5% to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%, based on the total amount of the organic solvent.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a halogen atom, the halogen atom is F, cl or Br, preferably F; the halogen in the "substituted by halogen" is F, cl or Br, preferably F.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C1-C20 alkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1, 2-trimethylpropyl, 3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 2-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C3-C20 cycloalkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the cycloalkyl is cyclohexane, cyclopentane, cycloheptane.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 Each independently of the otherWhen the alkenyl is C1-C20 alkenyl substituted or unsubstituted by halogen, the alkenyl is vinyl, n-propenyl, isopropenyl, butenyl.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C6-C26 phenylalkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the phenylalkyl is tolyl, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene; r is R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C6-C26 fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon group is a compound containing a naphthyl group, preferably a naphthyl group.
Preferably, the additive contains compound a, sulfonate compound, fluorocarbonate, and nitrile compound; the sulfonate compound is 1, 3-propane sultone; the fluorocarbonate is fluoroethylene carbonate; the nitrile compound is one or more of succinonitrile, adiponitrile and 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile.
Preferably, the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, and tetrahydrofuran; the electrolyte lithium salt is at least one selected from hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroarsenate, perchlorate, lithium trifluorosulfonyl, lithium difluoro (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, lithium tris (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) methyl, and lithium difluoroimide sulfonate; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the electrolyte lithium salt is 0.5M to 1.5M, preferably 0.8M to 1.3M.
The present invention also provides a lithium ion secondary battery comprising: the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is provided by the invention.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the lithium ion secondary battery electrolyte provided by the invention contains an additive which is marked as a compound A, the cyclic structure part of the compound A is reduced preferentially at a negative electrode under the participation of an organic solvent of the electrolyte in the presence of a small amount of the compound A, and the sulfonate structure after ring opening is combined with Li at the negative electrode + The lithium alkane sulfonate with a conductive network is formed, meanwhile, the rest part of the ring shape participates in forming lithium alkoxide, namely, organic solvent in the compound A electrolyte enters the inside of the anode material to form a CEI film, and meanwhile, organic solvent in the compound A electrolyte enters the inside of the cathode material to form an SEI film, and the two films are compact and are not easy to generate gas. In addition, due to the symmetrical structure of the benzene ring with large pi bond in the delocalization, the whole molecular structure is in one plane, so that the film can be formed more uniformly, and the compound A can form a stable interface protection film at the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
In addition, the compound A containing the S element forms lithium alkyl sulfonate with a conductive network after being reduced, namely forms a CEI film in the cathode material, the film is stable, the battery performance can be protected and improved, the ion conductivity can be further enhanced, and the dynamic performance of the lithium ion secondary battery under high energy density is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, which has a good and stable CEI/SEI film, comprising: an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt, and an additive, which is denoted as compound a, and is represented by the following structural formula a:
[ Compound A ]
Wherein in the structural formula a, R 1 、R 2 Independently is one selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl group, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylene group, an unsubstituted biphenyl group, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 phenylalkyl group, a halogen substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 condensed ring aralkyl group, and a dangling bond.
Preferably, the content of the compound a is 0.5% to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent. Too high a content of compound a may cause excessive internal resistance of the battery, deteriorating electrical properties; too low a content may result in insufficient protection of the interface, resulting in a battery capacity fade.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a halogen atom, the halogen atom is F, cl or Br, preferably F.
Preferably, in formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When substituted with halogen, the halogen in "substituted with halogen" is F, cl or Br, preferably F.
In the structural formula a of the compound A, when R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the specific type of the alkyl group is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to practical requirements, for example, a chain group or a cyclic group, wherein the chain group may include a straight chain group and a branched chain group, and the cyclic group may have a substituent or may not have a substituent. For example, the alkyl groups may be exemplified by: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1, 2-trimethylpropyl, 3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 2-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl. Preferably, the alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl.
In formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C3-C20 cycloalkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the cycloalkylExamples of the group include cyclohexane, cyclopentane and cycloheptane.
In formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C1-C20 alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the alkylene group may be exemplified by: ethenyl, n-propenyl, isopropenyl, butenyl.
In formula a of compound A, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C6-C26 phenylalkyl group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the phenylalkyl group may be exemplified by: tolyl, ethylbenzene, cumene.
R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C6-C26 condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon groups may be exemplified by: a naphthyl-containing compound. Preferably, the fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon group is a naphthyl group.
In the present invention, the organic solvent and the lithium salt electrolyte are not particularly limited, and those commonly used in the art and the content thereof can be used.
For example, the electrolyte lithium salt may optionally be at least one of an organic lithium salt and an inorganic lithium salt. Preferably, the electrolyte lithium salt is selected from at least one of fluorine element and lithium element-containing compounds. More preferably, the electrolyte lithium salt is at least one selected from the group consisting of hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroarsenate, perchlorate, lithium trifluorosulfonyl, lithium difluoro (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, lithium tris (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) methyl, and lithium difluoroimide sulfonate.
Preferably, in the electrolyte, the concentration of the electrolyte lithium salt is 0.5M to 1.5M. When the concentration of lithium salt is too low, the conductivity of the electrolyte is low, so that the multiplying power and the cycle performance of the whole battery system can be influenced; when the lithium salt concentration is too high, the viscosity of the electrolyte is too high, which also affects the rate of the whole battery system. It is further preferable that the lithium salt concentration is 0.8M to 1.3M.
Preferably, the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, and tetrahydrofuran.
Preferably, the content of the organic solvent is 50% -90% based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
In the present invention, the additive may contain, in addition to the compound a, other additives commonly used in the field of electrolytes, for example, a sulfonate compound, a fluorocarbonate, a nitrile compound, and the like. The content of the other usual additives is not particularly limited, and may be a content usual in the art, for example, the content of the other usual compounds is 10% to 20% based on the total weight of the organic solvent. Wherein the sulfonate compound may be 1, 3-propane sultone; the fluorocarbonate may be fluoroethylene carbonate; the nitrile compound can be more than one of succinonitrile, adiponitrile and 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile.
The present invention also provides a lithium ion secondary battery comprising: the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is provided by the invention.
In the lithium ion secondary battery, the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector and positive electrode slurry positioned on the positive electrode current collector, wherein the positive electrode slurry layer comprises a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder and a positive electrode solvent; the negative electrode comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode slurry layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector, wherein the negative electrode slurry layer comprises a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode binder and a negative electrode solvent. The specific types and contents of the positive electrode active material, the positive electrode binder, the positive electrode solvent, the negative electrode active material, the negative electrode binder and the negative electrode solvent are not particularly limited, and substances and contents thereof known in the art can be selected according to requirements.
Preferably, the positive electrode active material is selected from lithium cobaltate (LiCoO) 2 ) Ternary materials of lithium nickel manganese cobalt, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO) 4 ) Lithium manganate (LiMn) 2 O 4 ) One or more of the following.
Preferably, the negative electrode active material is graphite and/or silicon, such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, mesophase micro carbon spheres(MCMB for short), hard carbon, soft carbon, silicon-carbon composite, li-Sn alloy, li-Sn-O alloy, sn, snO, snO 2 Lithiated TiO of spinel structure 2 -Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 Li-Al alloy can be used as the negative electrode active material.
The present application is described below in conjunction with examples, which are provided to illustrate the present application only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Examples
Example 1
Preparation of electrolyte:
the preparation steps of the electrolyte are as follows: ethylene Carbonate (EC), propylene Carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and Propyl Propionate (PP) were mixed in a mass ratio EC/PC/DEC/pp=1/1/2/6 as organic solvents. Adding 1, 3-Propane Sultone (PS), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and nitrile compounds Succinonitrile (SN), adiponitrile (ADN) and 1,3, 6-hexane tri-nitrile (HTCN) into the organic solvent, mixing uniformly, adding LiPF 6 Obtaining LiPF 6 The electrolyte L1 was prepared by adding the compound A represented by the following formula to the mixed solution having a concentration of 1.1mol/L, as shown in Table 1, except LiPF 6 Except for this, the unit of the amount of each component in Table 1 is "parts by mass".
Examples 2 to 9
Except for adjusting LiPF as shown in table 1 6 Or the amount of the compound A, electrolytes L2 to L9 of examples 2 to 9 were prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Examples 10 to 14
Electrolytes L10 to L14 of examples 10 to 14 were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the structure of compound a was changed as in table 1.
[ Compound A ]
Comparative example 1
An electrolyte LL1 of comparative example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the compound a was not added as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Manufacturing of battery
And (3) manufacturing a positive electrode:
the positive electrode active material LCO, the conductive agent CNT and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride are fully stirred and mixed in the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent according to the weight ratio of 97:1.5:1.5, so that uniform positive electrode slurry is formed. And (3) coating the slurry on an Al foil of the positive electrode current collector, drying, and cold pressing to obtain the positive electrode.
Manufacturing a negative electrode:
and (3) fully stirring and mixing the anode active material graphite, the conductive agent acetylene black, the binder styrene-butadiene rubber and the thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a proper amount of deionized water solvent according to the mass ratio of 95:2:2:1, so that uniform anode slurry is formed. And (3) coating the slurry on a negative electrode current collector Cu foil, drying, and cold pressing to obtain the negative electrode.
Manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery:
and the positive electrode, the diaphragm and the negative electrode are sequentially stacked, so that the diaphragm is positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, plays an isolating role, and is wound on the bare cell. And (3) placing the bare cell in an outer packaging bag, respectively injecting the electrolyte in the table 1 into the dried battery, and performing the procedures of vacuum packaging, standing, formation, shaping and the like to complete the preparation of the lithium ion secondary battery, thereby sequentially obtaining the battery.
Performance test of a battery
(1) High temperature cycle testing of batteries
The testing method comprises the following steps: and placing the battery in an environment of 45+/-2 ℃, and calculating the capacity retention rate of the battery after circulation according to standard charge-discharge circulation, circulation multiplying power of 1C and charging voltage of 3.0-4.5V. The calculation formula is as follows:
nth cycle capacity retention (%) = (nth cycle discharge capacity)/(first cycle discharge capacity) ×100%
(2) High temperature storage test of battery
The testing method comprises the following steps: and (3) charging the battery core with the separated capacity to 4.5V at normal temperature with a current of 0.5C, placing the full-charge battery in an environment of 85 ℃ for 6 hours, thermally measuring the thickness expansion rate, discharging to 3.0V with a current of 0.5C after the battery core is recovered to room temperature, and recording the discharge capacity.
(3) 3C rate charging performance test
Firstly, standing the battery with the chemical components for 10min, then standing for 10min at 0.2C under 3V, then fully charging the battery at 3C, stopping at 0.05C, and standing for 10min. Testing the voltage, internal resistance and thickness of the full-charge state at 25+/-5 ℃, then discharging at 0.5C multiplying power, recording the discharge capacity, and obtaining the capacity retention rate by using the discharge capacity/the charge capacity.
The above battery performance test cases are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from a combination of tables 1 and 2, the batteries prepared from the electrolytes of examples 1 to 14 according to the present invention were superior in both high-temperature cycle performance and battery thickness expansion ratio and in 3C charging rate to those of the case where compound A was not added to the electrolyte of comparative example 1. In particular, the difference between example 1 and comparative example 1 is that the electrolyte of comparative example 1 was not added with the compound a, which means that the electrolyte of the present invention can improve the cycle performance and the charge rate of the battery due to the addition of the compound a.
In addition, the battery prepared from the electrolytes of examples 1 and 4 to 7 had better high-temperature cycle performance and battery thickness expansion ratio and 3C charge rate than those of the battery prepared from the electrolytes of examples 8 to 9, since the content of compound A in the electrolyte was in the range of preferably 0.5% to 10%.
In the case of the batteries prepared from the electrolytes of examples 1 and 4 to 5, the content of the compound A in the electrolyte is more preferably 3 to 5%, and therefore, the high-temperature cycle performance and the battery thickness expansion ratio and the 3C charge rate of the battery are better than those of the batteries of examples 6 to 7, in which the content of the compound A in the electrolyte is not more preferably 3 to 5%.
In addition, the batteries prepared from the electrolytes prepared in examples 12 to 14 were characterized in that R in the compound A 1 、R 2 F is contained in the substituent of (C), so that the high-temperature cycle performance and the cell thickness expansion ratio and the 3C charge rate of the cell are better than those of R in the compound A in the electrolyte in examples 1, 10-11 1 、R 2 In the case where F is not present in the substituents of (C).
Claims (10)
1. An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising: an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt and an additive, wherein the additive contains a compound A, and the compound A is shown as the following structural formula a:
wherein in the structural formula a, R 1 、R 2 Each independently is one selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkanyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted biphenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 phenylalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 condensed ring aralkyl group, and a null bond.
2. Electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of compound a is 0.5% to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
3. According to the weightsThe electrolyte of claim 1, wherein R is represented by the formula a of the compound A 1 、R 2 When each is independently a halogen atom, the halogen atom is F, cl or Br, preferably F;
the halogen in the "substituted by halogen" is F, cl or Br, preferably F.
4. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein in the structural formula a of the compound a, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C1-C20 alkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1, 2-trimethylpropyl, 3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 2-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl.
5. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein in the structural formula a of the compound a, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C3-C20 cycloalkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the cycloalkyl is cyclohexane, cyclopentane, cycloheptane.
6. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein in the structural formula a of the compound a, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C1-C20 alkenyl group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the alkenyl group is vinyl, n-propenyl, isopropenyl, butenyl。
7. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein in the structural formula a of the compound a, R 1 、R 2 When each is independently a C6-C26 phenylalkyl substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the phenylalkyl is tolyl, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene;
R 1 、R 2 when each is independently a C6-C26 fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, the fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon group is a compound containing a naphthyl group, preferably a naphthyl group.
8. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the additive contains a compound a, a sulfonate compound, a fluorocarbonate, and a nitrile compound;
the sulfonate compound is 1, 3-propane sultone; the fluorocarbonate is fluoroethylene carbonate; the nitrile compound is one or more of succinonitrile, adiponitrile and 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile.
9. The electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, and tetrahydrofuran;
the electrolyte lithium salt is at least one selected from hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroarsenate, perchlorate, lithium trifluorosulfonyl, lithium difluoro (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, lithium tris (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) methyl, and lithium difluoroimide sulfonate; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the electrolyte lithium salt is 0.5M to 1.5M, preferably 0.8M to 1.3M.
10. A lithium ion secondary battery, characterized in that the battery comprises: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is the electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202310036313.1A CN116207347A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
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| CN202310036313.1A CN116207347A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery |
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