CN116197573A - Low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode - Google Patents
Low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN116197573A CN116197573A CN202310459697.8A CN202310459697A CN116197573A CN 116197573 A CN116197573 A CN 116197573A CN 202310459697 A CN202310459697 A CN 202310459697A CN 116197573 A CN116197573 A CN 116197573A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
Abstract
The invention provides a low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode which consists of a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises 58-62% of marble, 2-3% of fluorite, 5-8% of fluoride, 10-15% of rutile, 1-2% of lithium titanate, 1-2% of titanium dioxide, 10-12% of silicon micropowder, 1-2% of aluminum powder, 4-8% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 4-8% of 45% ferrosilicon and 1-1.5% of CMC. The welding rod has excellent single-sided welding double-sided forming root welding technological performance and excellent mechanical performance, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, and the low-temperature impact toughness KV under the condition of-40 ℃ in marine environment is met 2 And the requirement of more than or equal to 50J. The welding rod has good wind resistance and can be suitable for seaside and offshore severe construction environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding rod materials, and particularly relates to a low-alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode.
Background
Ocean is a huge potential resource treasury, the sea area of China is wide, the ocean oil gas resources are rich, and the development potential is huge. Along with the rapid development of industrialization, the development demand of China on ocean resources is stronger, and ocean engineering is self-evident as a national development strategy important plate.
Because the offshore oil platform has a huge and complex structure, is continuously subjected to attack of external loads such as storm, stormy waves, tide and the like, and is in severe marine environments such as severe cold, summer heat, seawater corrosion and the like, marine products are suitable for severe natural environments and long service lives and cannot be overhauled at any time, so the requirements on the quality of construction are extremely strict. Marine pipe welding is typically primed with a root stick electrode and the cap is filled with other welding materials. The requirement on the root welding electrode of the marine pipeline is that besides meeting the excellent single-sided welding double-sided forming process, the welding joint also needs to meet the low-temperature impact toughness KV under the condition of-40 ℃ in the marine environment 2 The requirement of more than or equal to 50J, and the technical difficulty is high. Meanwhile, the marine construction environment has high atmospheric humidity, and has strict requirements on the diffusion hydrogen content of the welded joint.
Electrodes can be generally classified into basic electrodes and acidic electrodes. The basicity of the slag of the alkaline welding rod is generally above 1.5, and the deposited metal of the alkaline welding rod has low content of diffused hydrogen and good mechanical property and crack resistance, so that the alkaline welding rod is often used in the practical application of ocean engineering. However, the welding process performance of the high-alkaline root welding electrode is poor, the transition of welding arc and molten drop is unstable, and the wettability of slag system is poor, so that the welding operation and the post-welding performance are affected. The slag basicity of the acid welding rod is generally below 0.5, the welding process performance is good, the electric arc is stable, but the content of the diffused hydrogen in deposited metal is higher than that of the alkaline welding rod, the low-temperature impact toughness is extremely low, and the welding process cannot meet the welding requirements of marine engineering pipelines.
The welding manufacturability and the mechanical property of the welding seam cannot be balanced, so that it is necessary to develop a low-alkalinity root welding low-hydrogen type welding rod for maritime work, which can adapt to seaside and offshore construction environments with strong wind and moisture and can simultaneously meet the welding manufacturability and the mechanical property of the welding seam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of providing a low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode, which effectively solves the problems of poor welding manufacturability, unstable welding arc and droplet transition and poor slag wettability of the high-alkalinity root welding electrode in the prior art; the content of the diffused hydrogen in the deposited metal of the acid electrode is higher than that of the alkaline electrode, the low-temperature impact toughness is extremely low, and the problem that the welding requirement of the ocean engineering pipeline cannot be met is solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the low-alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode consists of a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises 58-62% of marble, 2-3% of fluorite, 5-8% of fluoride, 10-15% of rutile, 1-2% of lithium titanate, 1-2% of titanium dioxide, 10-12% of silicon micropowder, 1-2% of aluminum powder, 4-8% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 4-8% of 45% of ferrosilicon and 1-1.5% of CMC by weight.
Further, the fluoride includes barium fluoride, potassium fluoroaluminate, and rare earth fluoride.
Further, the proportion of the barium fluoride, the potassium fluoroaluminate and the rare earth fluoride in the coating is 0.5-1.5% of the barium fluoride, 3-6% of the potassium fluoroaluminate and 0.5-1.5% of the rare earth fluoride respectively.
Further, the welding core comprises the following components in percentage by mass, C is less than or equal to 0.10%, mn:0.40-0.60%, si less than or equal to 0.030%, S less than or equal to 0.015%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, ni less than or equal to 0.10%, cr less than or equal to 0.10%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, and the balance being Fe.
Further, the slag basicity of the welding rod is 1.0-1.5.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode as described above in the root welding of a pipeline for marine engineering.
By adopting the technical scheme, the obtained welding rod has good welding manufacturability, and the arc blowing force is large during welding, so that the root welding requirement of single-sided welding and double-sided forming can be met, the arc is stable, the front and back surfaces of the arc are formed smoothly, and slag is easy to remove.
By adopting the technical scheme, the obtained welding rod has good wind resistance, can be suitable for seaside and offshore severe construction environments, meets the excellent single-sided welding double-sided forming root welding process performance, has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 550MPa, and meets the low-temperature impact toughness KV under the condition of marine environment-40 DEG C 2 And the requirement of more than or equal to 50J.
By adopting the technical scheme, the obtained welding rod has low diffusion hydrogen content, and can reach below 4ml/100g even in a humid environment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and comparative examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention. It should be specifically noted that there may be various names for the same organic structure, so long as the structure belongs to the protection object of the present patent within the scope of the present patent.
Unless otherwise defined, the starting materials, reagents, etc. in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available or may be prepared according to the reported methods.
The low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode consists of coating and core wire, and the coating consists of marble 58-62 wt%, fluorite 2-3 wt%, fluoride 5-8 wt%, rutile 10-15 wt%, lithium titanate 1-2 wt%, titanium white powder 1-2 wt%, silica powder 10-12 wt%, aluminum powder 1-2 wt%, low carbon ferromanganese 4-8 wt%, 45 wt% ferrosilicon 4-8 wt% and CMC 1-1.5 wt%.
The formulation design of the coating is a main factor for determining the performance of the welding rod, wherein the important component action principle of the coating is as follows:
the marble plays a role in slagging and gas making. The viscosity of slag is regulated to form better slag shell protection deposited metal, so that the impact toughness of a welding line is improved; the marble decomposes gas at high temperature of the electric arc to form electric arc blowing force, slag and molten iron are facilitated to penetrate through a welding line during root welding of a pipeline, and single-sided welding and double-sided forming are formed; however, too high a content may cause excessive droplet size, lower arc stability, increase spatter, and deteriorate welding workability.
Fluorite as slag former and CaF as main component 2 Forming hydrogen fluoride by combining with hydrogen at high temperature, thereby reducing the hydrogen content in the weld; at the same time, caF 2 Can improve the physical and chemical properties of slag, improve the viscosity and solidification speed of slag, but excessive fluorite can reduce the arc stability.
Wherein the fluoride comprises barium fluoride, potassium fluoroaluminate and rare earth fluoride, and the proportion of the fluoride in the coating is 0.5-1.5% of the barium fluoride, 3-6% of the potassium fluoroaluminate and 0.5-1.5% of the rare earth fluoride respectively.
The synergistic addition of barium fluoride and other fluorides mainly adjusts the melting point of slag and reduces the diffusion hydrogen; the addition of a proper amount of barium fluoride improves the fluidity of slag, and the slag can be quickly solidified during vertical welding, so that molten iron is prevented from flowing down, and good weld joint forming can be obtained.
The potassium fluoroaluminate replaces fluorite, and is combined with hydrogen to form hydrogen fluoride, so that the hydrogen content in a welding line is reduced, the ionized potassium ions can stabilize an electric arc in the electric arc process, and compared with fluorite, the potassium fluoroaluminate has better welding arc stability, but excessive addition can cause the coating to melt too fast, the coating sleeve is short, and the welding sticking strips are formed.
The addition of rare earth fluoride reduces the grain size of the refined weld joint, is favorable for obtaining fine-grained ferrite structure, purifies weld joint metal, improves the impact toughness of the weld joint, simultaneously has the effect of reducing diffusion hydrogen and improves the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld joint.
The rutile is a slag former, can change slag into short slag, is beneficial to all-position welding of welding rods, increases arc stability, increases fluidity of slag, improves physical properties of slag, and is beneficial to deslagging of welding seams on the front side and the back side.
The addition of the titanium dioxide is beneficial to proper amount of TiO in the solidification process of the welding line in the slag reaction process 2 Is beneficial to promoting the formation of acicular ferrite nucleation and improves the low-temperature impact toughness of the welding line. In addition, titanium dioxide is a good adhesive and improves the press coating performance of the welding rod.
Lithium is a low-ionization substance, and lithium titanate is decomposed under the action of an electric arc, so that the stability of the electric arc is improved, and the problem of unstable electric arc and uneven large transition of molten drops caused by high marble content is effectively solved.
The addition of the silicon micropowder forms glassy slag, which is favorable for realizing a single-sided welding double-sided forming process, optimizes a molten drop transition mode, refines molten drops, increases arc stability and further improves the process performance of the welding rod.
The addition of the aluminum powder greatly improves the blowing force, stabilizes the electric arc, and ensures that excessive Al in the welding line can form massive ferrite, thereby the performance is drastically reduced.
The low-carbon ferromanganese is used as a deoxidizer for deoxidization, and can react with sulfur in deposited metal to reduce the content of sulfur and improve the tensile strength and toughness of the welding seam. Compared with other manganese alloys, the low-carbon ferromanganese welding arc is more stable; however, too high addition may reduce the toughness of the weld due to the enhanced hardenability.
45% ferrosilicon regulates the fluidity of molten iron, is favorable for the molten iron to infiltrate into the back of a welding line in the root welding process, forms good back shaping, and simultaneously combines with low-carbon ferromanganese for deoxidation; however, too high an addition may reduce the weld toughness.
CMC is organic matter, and proper amount of CMC may be added to raise the press coating performance of the welding rod, raise the arc blowing force and the arc concentration, and deteriorate the press coating performance.
The welding core comprises the following components in percentage by mass, C is less than or equal to 0.10%, mn:0.40-0.60%, si less than or equal to 0.030%, S less than or equal to 0.015%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, ni less than or equal to 0.10%, cr less than or equal to 0.10%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, and the balance being Fe.
Calculating the basicity of slag according to a slag basicity calculation formula to obtain that the slag basicity of the low basicity ocean engineering root welding electrode prepared by using the formula is 1.0-1.5, and measuring the diffusion hydrogen content of deposited metal of the electrode by using a thermal conductivity method to obtain that the diffusion hydrogen content is less than or equal to 4ml/100g.
The tensile strength of deposited metal of the low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode is more than or equal to 550MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 460MPa, and the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 50J.
The welding rod prepared by the technical scheme is used for the production and application of the low-alkalinity ocean engineering root welding electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the low-alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The welding rod has good welding manufacturability, large arc blowing force during welding, stable arc, smooth front and back forming and easy deslagging, and can meet the root welding requirement of single-sided welding and double-sided forming.
(2) The welding rod has good wind resistance and can be suitable for seaside and offshore severe construction environments.
(3) The welding rod of the invention has low diffusion hydrogen content, and can reach below 4ml/100g even in a humid environment.
(4) The welding rod has good mechanical properties, meets the excellent single-sided welding and double-sided forming root welding process performance, has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 550MPa, and meets the low-temperature impact toughness KV under the condition of marine environment of minus 40 DEG C 2 And the requirement of more than or equal to 50J.
The following list a few specific embodiments:
example 1
A low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode consists of a coating and a welding core. According to the weight percentage, 58% of marble, 2% of fluorite, 14% of rutile, 1% of lithium titanate, 1% of titanium white, 12% of silicon micropowder, 2% of aluminum powder, 5% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 7% of 45% ferrosilicon, 1.0% of CMC,0.6% of barium fluoride, 6% of potassium fluoaluminate and 0.6% of rare earth fluoride are taken as raw materials of a coating, and the coating and a welding core are manufactured into the low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode according to the known preparation method of the welding electrode.
The welding rod is subjected to root welding operation in the vertical direction of the pipeline, and the welding manufacturability is good: the arc is stable, the arc blowing force is large and concentrated under the windy condition, the sleeve is uniformly melted, the front and back molding of the welding bead is observed after welding, the molding is very attractive, and the better single-sided welding double-sided molding is realized.
The basicity calculation was performed on the electrode slag to give its slag basicity=1.35. Therefore, compared with the welding rod used for the root welding of the pipeline in the prior art, the welding rod of the embodiment has lower alkalinity, and belongs to the low-alkalinity welding rod.
Example 2
A low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode consists of a coating and a welding core. According to the weight percentage, the low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode of the embodiment is prepared by taking 62% of marble, 3% of fluorite, 10% of rutile, 2% of lithium titanate, 2% of titanium dioxide, 10% of silicon micropowder, 1% of aluminum powder, 8% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 5% of 45% of ferrosilicon, 1.5% of CMC,1.5% of barium fluoride, 3% of potassium fluoaluminate and 1.5% of rare earth fluoride as raw materials of a coating according to the known preparation method of the welding electrode.
The welding rod is subjected to root welding operation in the vertical direction of the pipeline, and the welding manufacturability is good: the arc is stable, the arc blowing force is large and concentrated under the windy condition, the sleeve is uniformly melted, the front and back molding of the welding bead is observed after welding, the molding is very attractive, and the better single-sided welding double-sided molding is realized.
The basicity calculation was performed on the electrode slag to give its slag basicity=1.21. Therefore, compared with the welding rod used for the root welding of the pipeline in the prior art, the welding rod of the embodiment has lower alkalinity, and belongs to the low-alkalinity welding rod.
Example 3
A low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode consists of a coating and a welding core. According to the weight percentage, taking 61% of marble, 3% of fluorite, 13% of rutile, 1.5% of lithium titanate, 1% of titanium white, 10% of silicon micropowder, 1% of aluminum powder, 6% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 6% of 45% of ferrosilicon, 1.5% of CMC,1.5% of barium fluoride, 4% of potassium fluoroaluminate and 0.8% of rare earth fluoride as raw materials of a coating, and preparing the coating and a core wire into the low-alkalinity high-strength steel root welding electrode of the embodiment according to the known preparation method of the welding electrode.
The welding rod is subjected to root welding operation in the vertical direction of the pipeline, and the welding manufacturability is good: the arc is stable, the arc blowing force is large and concentrated under the windy condition, the sleeve is uniformly melted, the front and back molding of the welding bead is observed after welding, the molding is very attractive, and the better single-sided welding double-sided molding is realized.
The basicity calculation was performed on the electrode slag to give its slag basicity=1.20. Therefore, compared with the welding rod used for the root welding of the pipeline in the prior art, the welding rod of the embodiment has lower alkalinity, and belongs to the low-alkalinity welding rod.
Comparative example 1
A high-alkalinity root welding electrode consists of a coating and a core wire. The material comprises, by weight, 47% of marble, 13% of fluorite, 2% of quartz, 5% of medium carbon ferromanganese, 4% of 45% of ferrosilicon, 2% of ferrotitanium, 5% of dead burned magnesia, 2% of phlogopite and 2% of sodium carbonate. The flux coating and core wire are made into a basic flux coated electrode according to known methods of making electrodes. Basicity calculation was performed on the electrode slag to give its slag basicity=2.05.
The welding rod is subjected to root welding operation on the vertical direction of the pipeline, welding arc dispersion is unstable and not concentrated, wind resistance welding cannot be realized, and large transition of molten drops is uneven. The sleeve is poor in melting uniformity, the back welding bead cannot be completely formed, and the root welding effect is poor.
Comparative example 2
A high-alkalinity root welding electrode consists of a coating and a core wire. The ceramic material comprises, by weight, 54% of marble, 9% of fluorite, 8% of quartz, 5% of rutile, 5% of ferrotitanium, 6% of medium carbon ferromanganese, 6% of 45% of ferrosilicon, 5% of magnesia and 2% of sodium carbonate. The flux coating and core wire are made into a basic flux coated electrode according to known methods of making electrodes. Basicity calculation was performed on the electrode slag to give its slag basicity=1.82.
The welding rod is subjected to root welding operation in the vertical direction of a pipeline, welding arc is unstable, wind resistance welding cannot be realized, and large transition of molten drops is uneven. The sleeve is still melted, the back of the welding bead is not orderly and attractive, the root welding effect is poor, and the welding bead is slightly better than that of comparative example 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of deposited metal of examples and comparative examples
TABLE 2 diffusion hydrogen content of deposited metal of example and comparative electrode
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the welding rod prepared by the technical scheme is a low-alkalinity welding rod, and the tensile strength, the yield strength, the impact absorption energy and the conditions of simulated marine environment temperature and humidity can be used in marine engineering.
It should be noted that the above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also make appropriate modifications and changes according to the main idea and related contents of the present invention and shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. And the technical terms and other materials referred to in the present invention are only for clearly illustrating the advantages and effects of the present invention, and should not be taken as limitations of the innovations of the present invention. The above embodiments are described in detail for the practical application of the present invention, but the embodiments are not limited to the patent scope of the present invention, and all the modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a low basicity ocean engineering root welding electrode comprises coating and core wire, its characterized in that: the coating comprises, by weight, 58% -62% of marble, 2% -3% of fluorite, 5% -8% of fluoride, 10% -15% of rutile, 1% -2% of lithium titanate, 1% -2% of titanium dioxide, 10% -12% of silicon micropowder, 1% -2% of aluminum powder, 4% -8% of low-carbon ferromanganese, 4% -8% of 45% of ferrosilicon and 1% -1.5% of CMC.
2. The low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode of claim 1, wherein: the fluoride comprises barium fluoride, potassium fluoroaluminate and rare earth fluoride.
3. The low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode of claim 2, wherein: the proportion of the barium fluoride, the potassium fluoroaluminate and the rare earth fluoride in the coating is 0.5-1.5% of the barium fluoride, 3-6% of the potassium fluoroaluminate and 0.5-1.5% of the rare earth fluoride respectively.
4. The low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode of claim 1, wherein: the welding core comprises the following components in percentage by mass, C is less than or equal to 0.10%, mn:0.40-0.60%, si less than or equal to 0.030%, S less than or equal to 0.015%, P less than or equal to 0.015%, ni less than or equal to 0.10%, cr less than or equal to 0.10%, cu less than or equal to 0.10%, and the balance being Fe.
5. The low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the slag basicity of the welding rod is 1.0-1.5.
6. Use of the low alkalinity marine engineering root welding electrode according to claim 1 in pipe root welding for marine engineering.
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| CN116197573B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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