CN116195747A - Composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116195747A CN116195747A CN202310243397.6A CN202310243397A CN116195747A CN 116195747 A CN116195747 A CN 116195747A CN 202310243397 A CN202310243397 A CN 202310243397A CN 116195747 A CN116195747 A CN 116195747A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dietary fiber
- powder
- composite
- wheat bran
- inulin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of diabetes prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to compound dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite dietary fiber nutrition powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-9 parts of wheat bran dietary fiber powder; 1-3 parts of soluble dietary fiber (inulin); 0.05-1 part of functional oligosaccharide; the inulin has a molecular weight of 5-10kDa. The nutritional powder prepared by the invention improves intestinal canal ecological disturbance by improving the proportion of intestinal canal flora and host metabolite short chain fatty acid (acetic acid and butyric acid), thereby realizing the regulation effect on sugar metabolism and having better market popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of diabetes prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism, and a preparation method and application of the nutrition powder.
Background
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized mainly by hyperglycemia, and the worldwide incidence of which is rising. Diabetes is largely classified into type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and other types of diabetes, with type 2 diabetes accounting for over 95% of patients. It is generally thought that its pathogenesis is related to insulin hyposecretion and/or islet resistance, and that abnormal glucose metabolism is one of the typical pathological manifestations of diabetes.
The aim of diabetes treatment is to control blood glucose, prevent or delay complications and reduce the death rate. In addition to the use of various hypoglycemic agents and insulin, early treatment of diabetes also involves dietary therapy, i.e., the use of adjunctive therapy or diet, health-related interventions are also indispensable.
Therefore, the development of functional foods with the function of mildly regulating blood sugar can meet the requirements and has clinical application value.
Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary fiber intake is inversely related to diabetes risk. The undigested dietary fiber of human body can be fermented by microorganisms in cecum and colon, and the main product is Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA), mainly comprising acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, wherein the molar ratio of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in normal colon is 60:20:20. This ratio also changes as the body health and nutrient levels change. In clinical studies, it was found that increasing dietary fiber intake increases the synthesis of short chain fatty acids SCFAs, and enrichment of SCFA-producing bacteria by modulating intestinal inflammation and host immunity, even affecting insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism, thereby improving intestinal dysbiosis, promoting insulin secretion, and alleviating type ii diabetes.
Therefore, it is important to develop a dietary fiber composition that regulates blood glucose by regulating intestinal short chain fatty acid metabolism.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a composite dietary fiber nutritional powder for achieving a regulating effect on sugar metabolism by regulating intestinal flora and host metabolites, and a preparation method and application thereof; the nutritional powder can increase the ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid in short chain fatty acid metabolite, improve intestinal canal ecological disturbance, promote insulin secretion, effectively regulate blood sugar, and prevent and/or treat diabetes.
The specific preparation scheme of the invention is as follows:
the composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-9 parts of insoluble dietary fiber; 1-3 parts of soluble dietary fiber; 0.05-1 part of functional oligosaccharide;
the composite dietary fiber nutrition powder realizes the regulation effect on sugar metabolism by regulating intestinal flora and host metabolites.
Preferably, the insoluble dietary fiber is wheat bran dietary fiber powder;
preferably, the soluble dietary fiber is inulin, and the molecular weight of the inulin is 5-10kDa; inulin of this molecular weight range has a stronger ability to promote the formation of short chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid) than other molecular weights.
Preferably, the functional oligosaccharide is at least one of isomaltooligosaccharide, resistant dextrin, stachyose, fructooligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide and arabinose.
The functional oligosaccharides are low-calorie polymers, and only a small part of the functional oligosaccharides are digested and decomposed in the intestinal tract, so that the effect of continuously gradually supplying energy is achieved; most of the microbial substances in the intestinal tracts are used as fermentation substrates to generate short-chain fatty acids, so that the microbial substances can promote the propagation of beneficial microorganisms, prevent the propagation of harmful microorganisms, inhibit the synthesis of fat by the liver and further inhibit the occurrence of obesity.
Inulin is a dietary prebiotic fiber capable of modulating the composition and/or activity of intestinal microbiota, thereby producing beneficial physiological effects on the host.
Resistant dextrins, a low calorie dietary fiber, only 15% of which is digested by enzymes in the small intestine and the rest enters the large intestine, 75% of which is slowly and progressively fermented in the large intestine without causing digestive tract discomfort, 10% is excreted outside the body.
Arabinose, also called pectic sugar, acts in the body mainly through two ways, namely, inhibiting enzyme for hydrolyzing disaccharide and reducing sugar for inhibiting disaccharide hydrolysis; secondly, sucrose which is not decomposed in the small intestine is decomposed by microorganisms in the large intestine through the inhibition effect on the disaccharide hydrolase to generate a large amount of organic acids, and the organic acids have the inhibition effect on the liver synthetic fat, so that the generation of new fat in the body is reduced, and a good weight-losing effect is achieved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Wheat bran powder was mixed with 1: mixing 7-10 (w/t) with distilled water to form a mixture A;
the wheat bran powder is prepared by the inventor through purification, separation, washing, drying and crushing of wheat bran, and the related processes are more conventional and are not described in detail;
(2) Adding 1-3% of heat-resistant alpha-amylase into the mixture A, and performing enzymolysis for 10-30 minutes at 90-95 ℃; adding 0.5-1.5% of amyloglucosidase by weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 30 minutes at 40-60 ℃; adding alkaline protease accounting for 2-4% of the weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 1.5-2 hours at 45-55 ℃ to obtain an enzymolysis material;
(3) Adding pH regulator into the enzymolysis material to regulate pH to 7+ -0.5, inactivating enzyme in boiling water bath for 10-20min;
(4) Centrifuging the material subjected to enzyme deactivation for 10-30 minutes at 6000-10000 Xg, and collecting solid precipitate;
(5) Freeze drying the solid precipitate at-60 to-80 deg.c, grinding, and 80 mesh sieving to obtain insoluble wheat bran diet fiber powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, uniformly mixing insoluble dietary fibers and soluble dietary fibers of wheat bran, and then adding the insoluble dietary fibers and the soluble dietary fibers and the functional oligosaccharides into a three-dimensional mixer for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain composite nutrition powder;
(2) Packaging the composite nutrition powder by adopting an aluminum-plastic composite bag, and storing at normal temperature.
The composite dietary fiber nutrition powder prepared by the invention can be applied to the preparation of health care products/foods/medicines with the effect of regulating blood sugar.
The composite dietary fiber nutrition powder prepared by the invention can also be applied to the preparation of products for promoting the generation of short-chain fatty acid SCFAs and relieving type II diabetes.
The composite dietary fiber nutrition powder prepared by the invention can also be applied to the preparation of products for regulating the SCFAs of short-chain fatty acids in intestinal tracts. The application is realized by improving the ecological disturbance of intestinal tracts and promoting the secretion of insulin by increasing the proportion of acetic acid and propionic acid in the short chain fatty acid metabolic products.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the nutrition powder of the invention realizes the regulation of sugar metabolism by regulating intestinal flora and host metabolites, can obviously improve the proportion of acetic acid and propionic acid in short chain fatty acid metabolites, improve intestinal ecological disturbance, promote insulin secretion and relieve type II diabetes;
2. the dietary fiber product takes the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and inulin soluble dietary fiber with specific molecular weight as main efficacy factors, and has a synergistic effect on regulating and controlling blood sugar; the components are safe and effective, and the price is low;
3. the product stability is good, the state of the powder body of the nutritional powder prepared by the invention is kept stable after the nutritional powder is packaged for 6 months, the conditions of agglomeration and poor fluidity are avoided, and no peculiar smell is generated; no lump appears after brewing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the screening of the formation of short chain fatty acids of the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber complex type;
FIG. 2 shows the formation of short chain fatty acids of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and inulin of varying molecular weight;
FIG. 3 shows the formation of short chain fatty acids in the different proportions of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and inulin;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing blood glucose changes in experimental mice;
fig. 5 shows the body weight change of the experimental mice.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the embodiment, insoluble dietary fibers are compounded with other soluble dietary fibers, and intestinal microorganism effect is simulated in an in-vitro fermentation mode, so that the optimal combination is screened. The screening process is as follows:
1. bacterial collection
Three healthy volunteers without intestinal diseases, without edible drugs and antibiotics for three months were recruited, informed consent was filled in, fecal samples were collected, and in vitro fermentation experiments were performed. The volunteer feces 10g+100ml PBS phosphate buffer (pH=7.0) was homogenized, prepared as a 10% fecal homogenate, and then filtered using 4 layers of gauze to obtain fecal bacterial solution (IGF).
2. Preparation of the culture Medium
2g of peptone, 2g of yeast powder, 0.05g of hemin, 0.5g of bile salt, 0.1g of sodium chloride, 2g of sodium bicarbonate, 2mL of tween-80, 0.04g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.04g of dipotassium phosphate, 0.0051g of calcium chloride (hexahydrate), 0.01g of magnesium sulfate (heptahydrate), and dissolving in 1L of PBS phosphate buffer solution, and sterilizing for later use.
After the prepared medium was autoclaved at 121℃for 20 minutes, vitamin K1. Mu.L and L-cysteamine hydrochloride 0.5g were dissolved in ultrapure water and passed through a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the medium was added.
3. Preparation of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber
Wheat bran powder was mixed with 1:8 (w/t) and distilled water to form a mixture A;
the wheat bran powder is prepared by the inventor through purification, separation, washing, drying and crushing of wheat bran, and the related processes are more conventional and are not described in detail;
(2) Adding 1% by weight of heat-resistant alpha-amylase into the mixture A, and carrying out enzymolysis for 20 minutes at 92 ℃; adding 0.5% of amyloglucosidase by weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 30 minutes at 60 ℃; adding alkaline protease accounting for 3% of the weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 2 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain an enzymolysis material;
(3) Adding a pH regulator into the enzymolysis material to regulate the pH to 7+/-0.5, and inactivating enzyme in a boiling water bath for 10min;
(4) Centrifuging the material subjected to enzyme deactivation for 20 minutes at 6000 Xg, and collecting solid precipitate;
(5) Freeze drying the solid precipitate at-80deg.C, grinding, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain testa Tritici insoluble dietary fiber powder.
4. Preparation method of composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism
(1) Firstly, uniformly mixing insoluble dietary fibers and soluble dietary fibers of wheat bran, and then adding the insoluble dietary fibers and the soluble dietary fibers and the functional oligosaccharides into a three-dimensional mixer for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain composite nutrition powder;
(2) Packaging the composite nutrition powder by adopting an aluminum-plastic composite bag, and storing at normal temperature.
The test design is as follows:
blank group: 1mL of ultrapure water+1 mL of IGF solution+9 mL of medium;
control group: 4.05g of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber was taken and 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added thereto.
Experimental group (1): 3g of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber was taken, and 1g of inulin, 0.01g of resistant dextrin, 0.02g of fructo-oligosaccharide, and 0.02g of stachyose were added, respectively, to which 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added.
Experimental group (2): 3g of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber was taken, 1g of resistant dextrin, 0.01g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 0.02g of stachyose and 0.02g of inulin were added respectively, and 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added thereto.
Experimental group (3): 3g of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber was taken, 1g of fructooligosaccharide, 0.01g of stachyose, 0.02g of inulin, 0.02g of resistant dextrin were added respectively, and 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added thereto.
Experimental group (4): 3g of wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber was taken, and 1g of stachyose, 0.01g of inulin, 0.02g of resistant dextrin, and 0.02g of fructo-oligosaccharide were added, respectively, to which 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added.
And (3) filling nitrogen into the control group and the experimental group to achieve an anaerobic environment, fermenting for 24 hours at the constant temperature of 37 ℃, and exploring the generation condition of each group of short chain fatty acid.
Screening was performed using acetic acid and propionic acid in SCFAs as the main factors, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As a result, it was found that the effect of promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids was optimal in the case where the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and the soluble dietary fiber inulin were added as the main raw materials in the experimental group (1), and thus the experiment was continued using the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber powder and the soluble dietary fiber inulin as the main raw materials in the following example 2.
Example 2
In order to explore whether inulin with different molecular weights of soluble dietary fibers can influence blood sugar regulation or not, inulin with insoluble dietary fibers and inulin with soluble dietary fibers of wheat bran are used as main raw material components, inulin with different molecular weights is detected, intestinal microorganism effect is simulated in an in vitro fermentation mode, and the experimental design is as follows:
blank group: 1mL of ultrapure water+1 mL of IGF solution+9 mL of medium;
control group: using non-screened molecular weight inulin raw sugar;
test group: m (molecular weight) is less than 1kDa, 1kDa is less than m and less than 5kDa, 5kDa is less than m and less than 10kDa, 10kDa is less than m, four groups of inulin with different molecular weights;
to the control and experimental groups, 1mL of IGF solution and 9mL of medium were added, respectively, and fermentation experiments were performed in accordance with the method of example 1.
Screening was performed using acetic acid and propionic acid in SCFAs as major factors, and the screening results are shown in fig. 2.
The results in FIG. 2 show that inulin of the molecular weight range 5-10kDa has a stronger ability to promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid) than those of other ranges.
Example 3
The wheat bran dietary fiber powder and the soluble dietary fiber inulin are used as main raw material components, other raw materials are the same as the experimental group (1) in the embodiment 1, and the influence of the proportion of the wheat bran dietary fiber powder and the soluble dietary fiber inulin on the short-chain fatty acid generation capacity of intestinal flora is explored;
and (3) test design:
blank group: 1mL of ultrapure water+1 mL of IGF solution+9 mL of medium;
experimental group: mixing wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber and 5-10kDa inulin according to a ratio of 1: 1. 2: 1. 3: mixing in proportion of 1; the remaining components were the same as in experimental group 1 of example 1.
The specific addition amounts are shown in Table 1 below:
| proportion of | Wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber/g | 5-10kDa inulin/g |
| 1：1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2：1 | 2 | 1 |
| 3：1 | 3 | 1 |
In addition, the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber with the same weight is taken as a control, and the rest components are the same as the experimental group 1 of the example 1;
the control and experimental groups were each supplemented with 1mL IGF solution and 9mL medium, and fermentation experiments were performed as in example 1, screening was performed using acetic acid and propionic acid in SCFAs as the main factors under investigation, and the screening results are shown in FIG. 3.
The results of fig. 3 found that the insoluble dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber inulin ratio was 3:1, the effect of promoting the generation of short-chain fatty acid is optimal, so insoluble dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber inulin are selected for compounding, and the proportion is 3:1.
EXAMPLE 4 therapeutic Effect experiment on blood glucose Regulation
1. Experimental materials
1.1 test animals: 40 male diabetic db/db mice and 10C 57BL/6J mice (5 weeks old, no specific pathogen grade) were obtained from hangzhou child source laboratory animal technologies limited and maintained at controlled light (12 h light-dark cycle) and temperature (25±3 ℃) in specific pathogen barrier facilities. In addition, standard food and distilled water were provided throughout the experiment.
1.2 instrument: the electronic blood glucose meter, the electronic balance and the enzyme label meter are all commonly and commercially available.
2. Test procedure
After 7 days of adaptation, db/db mice were randomized into four groups (n=10 per group), including diabetes model control (MD), IDF wheat bran, inulin, and idf+inulin (example 3 best screening), with 10C 57BL/6J mice as Normal Control (NC), euglycemic.
Throughout the course of the experiment, NC and MD groups were given a normal AIN-93G diet, and the other 3 groups were added with respective experimental group products on the basis of the normal AIN-93G diet in an amount of 1 bag (about 3G) each time after breakfast and supper each for 13 consecutive weeks, blood glucose was measured every 2 weeks on an empty stomach, and body weight was weighed every 1 week, and changes were observed.
3. Results
(1) Product efficacy detection
From fig. 4-5, it can be seen that the IDF wheat bran and Inulin group of the present invention has good blood glucose regulating effect. The IDF wheat bran and Inulin group mice show obvious weight gain phenomenon compared with diabetic mice. Therefore, the nutrition powder prepared by the invention can be applied to preparing blood sugar control products, such as sugar control medicines, health care foods and common foods, and can be taken together with meals.
(2) Product stability and odor evaluation
The product of the invention is subjected to evaluation of the nourishing, smell and stability after being stored for 6 months, and the result is as follows:
table 3 evaluation results
According to the evaluation results of the table, the state of the powder body of the nutritional powder prepared by the invention is kept stable after packaging for 6 months, the conditions of agglomeration and poor fluidity are avoided, and no peculiar smell is generated; no lump appears after brewing.
Claims (8)
1. The composite dietary fiber nutrition powder for regulating blood glucose metabolism is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-9 parts of insoluble dietary fiber; 1-3 parts of soluble dietary fiber; 0.05-1 part of functional oligosaccharide;
the insoluble dietary fiber is wheat bran dietary fiber powder;
the soluble dietary fiber is inulin with molecular weight of 5-10kDa;
the composite dietary fiber nutrition powder realizes the regulation effect on sugar metabolism by regulating intestinal flora and host metabolites.
2. The composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1, wherein the functional oligosaccharide is at least one of isomaltooligosaccharide, resistant dextrin, stachyose, fructooligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, and arabinose.
3. The composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1, wherein the wheat bran dietary fiber powder is prepared by the following method:
(1) Wheat bran powder was mixed with 1: mixing 7-10 mass-volume ratio with distilled water to form a mixture A;
(2) Adding 1-3% of heat-resistant alpha-amylase into the mixture A, and performing enzymolysis for 10-30 minutes at 90-95 ℃; adding 0.5-1.5% of amyloglucosidase by weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 30 minutes at 40-60 ℃; adding alkaline protease accounting for 2-4% of the weight of the mixture A, and reacting for 1.5-2 hours at 45-55 ℃ to obtain an enzymolysis material;
(3) Adding pH regulator into the enzymolysis material to regulate pH to 7+ -0.5, inactivating enzyme in boiling water bath for 10-20min;
(4) Centrifuging the material subjected to enzyme deactivation for 10-30 minutes at 6000-10000 Xg, and collecting solid precipitate;
(5) Freeze drying the solid precipitate at-60 to-80 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the wheat bran insoluble dietary fiber powder.
4. A method for preparing the composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Firstly, uniformly mixing insoluble dietary fibers and soluble dietary fibers, and then adding the insoluble dietary fibers and the soluble dietary fibers into a three-dimensional mixer together with functional oligosaccharides to fully and uniformly mix to obtain composite nutrition powder;
(2) Packaging the composite nutrition powder by adopting an aluminum-plastic composite bag, and storing at normal temperature.
5. The use of the composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1 in the preparation of a health product/food having a blood glucose regulating effect.
6. Use of the composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1 in the preparation of a product that promotes the production of short chain fatty acids SCFAs and alleviates type ii diabetes conditions.
7. Use of the composite dietary fiber nutritional powder of claim 1 for the preparation of a product having the ability to regulate intestinal short chain fatty acid SCFAs metabolism.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the use is achieved by improving intestinal ecological disturbances and promoting insulin secretion by increasing the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in its short chain fatty acid metabolites.
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