CN116192173A - Terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on photoelectric mixer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on a photoelectric mixer, and belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave/terahertz information. The device comprises a receiving unit, an optical heterodyne unit, an optoelectronic mixer and a baseband processing unit. The invention fully utilizes the large bandwidth characteristic of the photoelectric mixer, can directly carry out frequency mixing down-conversion on the optical heterodyne signal and the terahertz signal to be detected, and can be directly suitable for ultra-wideband frequency sweep monitoring of the terahertz frequency band without tuning a radio frequency local vibration source and a frequency multiplier. Meanwhile, the structure of the optical heterodyne unit is adjusted, so that the optical heterodyne unit can be used for single-channel scanning and multi-channel scanning, is also suitable for real-time monitoring of terahertz channels, is simple in structure, can realize monolithic integration by adopting a photoelectric integration technology, and greatly reduces the volume and weight of a channel monitoring receiver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave/terahertz information, and particularly relates to a terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on a photoelectric mixer.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual exhaustion of spectrum resources in a microwave frequency band and the continuous improvement of performance requirements such as communication rate and radar resolution, information systems such as wireless communication and radar are continuously developed to higher frequency bands, and the working bandwidth of the systems is also continuously increased. The terahertz information system has the characteristics of high frequency band and ultra-wideband, and is one of the main technical directions of the development of the future wireless information system. The channel monitor is used as a key device for implementing the functions of signal interception, identification, monitoring and the like in various wireless information systems, and is of great importance for electronic reconnaissance, information analysis, anti-interference, interception resistance and the like. However, in the terahertz frequency band, higher requirements are put on the receiving bandwidth, the receiving sensitivity, the spectrum resolution and the like of the channel monitor. However, the conventional channel monitor based on pure electronics is limited by the tuning bandwidth of the tuning type radio frequency vibration source and the power roll-off of electronic devices such as an electric filter in a high frequency band, and is often required to perform multi-stage frequency conversion when receiving a high frequency ultra-wideband signal, a large number of frequency multipliers, filters, mixers and the vibration source are required, so that the problems of large volume power consumption, serious electromagnetic interference and the like exist, and the ultra-large bandwidth spectrum monitoring requirement of a terahertz frequency band is difficult to well meet.
The photoelectric mixer is a photoelectric frequency conversion device with a large bandwidth characteristic, and can not only convert two optical heterodyne signals with a certain frequency interval into radio frequency signals with corresponding frequencies, but also mix the optical heterodyne signals with the radio frequency signals for down-conversion. When the bandwidth of the photoelectric mixer reaches terahertz, the photoelectric mixer can be used for down-conversion of the optical heterodyne signal and the terahertz signal. In recent years, a terahertz detection technology based on a photoelectric mixer has been reported in literature, but is mainly used for a terahertz spectrum detection system, and has not been reported in a terahertz channel monitor based on the photoelectric mixer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on a photoelectric mixer, and aims to provide a technical scheme capable of being used for monitoring a terahertz channel in a high frequency band and ultra-wideband.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optoelectronic mixer comprises a receiving unit, an optical heterodyne unit, an optoelectronic mixer and a baseband processing unit.
The terahertz receiving unit is used for receiving the terahertz signal to be detected and transmitting the terahertz signal to be detected to the photoelectric mixer.
The optical heterodyne unit is used for generating optical heterodyne signals with frequency intervals of terahertz and transmitting the optical heterodyne signals to the photoelectric mixer.
The bandwidth of the photoelectric mixer is larger than or equal to the frequency of the terahertz signal to be detected; the photoelectric mixer is used for receiving the terahertz signal to be detected and the optical heterodyne signal, converting the optical heterodyne signal into a terahertz local oscillation signal, simultaneously electrically mixing the terahertz local oscillation signal with the terahertz signal to be detected, down-converting the terahertz local oscillation signal into a baseband signal, and transmitting the baseband signal to the baseband processing unit.
And the baseband processing unit is used for filtering, sampling and digitizing the baseband signals to finally obtain the information of the terahertz signals to be detected.
Further, when the terahertz channel monitor is used for single-channel scanning, the optical heterodyne unit is a single-channel tuning optical heterodyne unit, and is composed of a frequency stabilization laser and a frequency sweeping laser, and outputs one path of optical heterodyne signal.
Further, when the terahertz channel monitor is used for multi-channel scanning, the optical heterodyne unit is a multi-channel tuning optical heterodyne unit and is composed of a frequency stabilization laser and n frequency sweeping lasers; the fixed wavelength laser generated by the frequency stabilization laser is divided into n paths, and then forms an optical heterodyne signal with sweep laser generated by one sweep laser respectively, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; at this time, the terahertz signal to be measured is divided into n paths and is input into a photoelectric mixer together with one path of optical heterodyne signal respectively.
Further, when the terahertz channel monitor is used for real-time channel monitoring, the optical heterodyne unit is composed of n+1 frequency stabilization lasers, fixed wavelength laser generated by any frequency stabilization laser is selected as reference laser, the reference laser is divided into n paths, and then the n paths of reference laser and the fixed wavelength laser generated by one frequency stabilization laser respectively form optical heterodyne signals, n paths of optical heterodyne signals are output, and n is more than or equal to 2; at this time, the terahertz signal to be measured is divided into n paths and is input into a photoelectric mixer together with one path of optical heterodyne signal respectively. Further, the terahertz channel monitor is composed of discrete devices or is monolithically integrated by adopting a photoelectric integration technology.
Further, the terahertz signal to be detected, which is output by the terahertz receiving unit, is transmitted to the photoelectric mixer through a terahertz waveguide or a free space.
Further, the baseband processing unit comprises an electric filter, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor; and the baseband signal is filtered by the electric filter, then is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion and sampling to obtain a digital signal, and finally, the digital signal processor is used for processing to obtain the information of the terahertz signal to be detected.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer provided by the invention fully utilizes the large bandwidth characteristic of the photoelectric mixer, can directly carry out frequency mixing down-conversion on the tunable optical heterodyne signal and the terahertz signal to be detected, and can be directly applied to ultra-wideband frequency sweep monitoring of the terahertz frequency band without a tunable radio frequency local vibration source and a frequency multiplier.
2. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer is suitable for both a single-channel scanning terahertz channel monitoring machine and a multi-channel scanning terahertz channel monitoring machine and is also suitable for a terahertz channelized receiver for real-time monitoring.
3. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer has a simple structure, can realize monolithic integration by adopting a photoelectric integration technology, and greatly reduces the volume and weight of the channel monitoring receiver.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-channel scanning terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optical-electrical mixer according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multichannel scanning terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optoelectronic mixer according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a terahertz real-time channel monitoring receiver based on an optical-electrical mixer according to embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A single-channel scanning terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optoelectronic mixer is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a receiving unit, a tuning optical heterodyne unit, an optoelectronic mixer and a baseband processing unit.
Wherein the receiving unit consists of an antenna and a low-noise amplifier, and is used for detecting terahertz signals f THz After receiving and amplifying, the signals are input to an optoelectronic mixer.
The tuning type optical heterodyne unit consists of a frequency stabilization laser and a sweep frequency laser; the optical frequency f output by the frequency stabilized laser 0 Tuning optical frequency f output by laser and sweep frequency laser L Is a laser and terahertz signal f to be measured THz Is input into an optoelectronic mixer together, and is subjected to mixing down-conversion to obtain a baseband signal f B ＝f L -f 0 -f THz ；
Tuning optical frequency f output by sweep laser L When reaching the preset value, the baseband signal f B The frequency f of the terahertz signal to be detected is obtained by processing the terahertz signal in a digital signal processor after the low-pass electric filter in the baseband processing unit is converted by the analog-to-digital converter THz ＝f L -f 0 -f B Phase, bandwidth, signal modulation regime, frequency shift, direction.
The optical heterodyne unit has the advantages that the optical heterodyne unit is simple in structure, can generate a large-range continuously adjustable terahertz vibration source, and can meet the ultra-wideband terahertz channel scanning and monitoring requirements.
Example 2
A multichannel scanning terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optoelectronic mixer is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a receiving unit, a multichannel tuning optical heterodyne unit, n optoelectronic mixers and a baseband processing unit.
Wherein the receiving unit consists of an antenna and a low-noise amplifier, and is used for detecting terahertz signals f THz After receiving and amplifying, the signals are divided into n paths and then are respectively input into a photoelectric mixer.
The multichannel tuning optical heterodyne unit consists of a frequency stabilization laser and n sweep frequency lasers; wherein the frequency f of light generated by the frequency stabilized laser 0 The laser of (2) is divided into n paths, and the n paths are respectively connected with the tuning optical frequency f generated by the nth sweep frequency laser n The laser of (2) forms an optical heterodyne signal; the n paths of optical heterodyne signals are respectively input into an optical-electrical mixer.
Terahertz signal f to be measured that enters photoelectric mixer together THz Mixing with the optical heterodyne signal, and performing down-conversion to obtain a baseband signal f B ＝f n -f 0 -f THz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the initial frequency of the output of the sweep laser n is the maximum tuning frequency F of the sweep laser n-1 n-1 And the like, so that the frequency range of the photo-generated tuning terahertz vibration source is divided into n channels.
All the tuning optical heterodyne channels synchronously scan together, and when one of the tuning optical heterodyne channels scans the tuning optical frequency f output by the laser n When reaching the preset value, the baseband signal f output by the photoelectric mixer B The frequency f of the terahertz signal to be detected is obtained by processing the terahertz signal in a digital signal processor after the low-pass electric filter in the baseband processing unit is converted by the analog-to-digital converter THz ＝f n -f 0 -f B Phase, bandwidth, signal modulation regime, frequency shift, direction.
The advantage of this embodiment is that through multichannel tuning optical heterodyne unit, can be when satisfying ultra wide band terahertz channel scanning monitoring demand, with scanning monitoring time reduction greatly, compare in single channel scanning monitoring same bandwidth, the time can reduce n times.
Example 3
A terahertz real-time channel monitoring receiver based on photoelectric mixers is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a receiving unit, an optical heterodyne unit, n photoelectric mixers and a baseband processing unit.
Wherein the receiving unit consists of an antenna and a low-noise amplifier, and is used for detecting terahertz signals f THz After receiving and amplifying, the signals are divided into n paths and then are respectively input into a photoelectric mixer.
The optical heterodyne unit consists of n+1 frequency stabilization lasers and frequency sweeping lasers; selecting the frequency f of light generated by a frequency stabilized laser 0 The laser of (2) is used as reference laser, the reference laser is divided into n paths, and then the n paths are respectively connected with the optical frequency f generated by a frequency stabilizing laser n The laser of the laser comprises optical heterodyne signals, n paths of optical heterodyne signals are output, and n is more than or equal to 2.
Terahertz signal f to be measured that enters photoelectric mixer together THz Mixing with the optical heterodyne signal, and performing down-conversion to obtain a baseband signal f Bn ＝f n -f 0 -f THz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting the frequency f output by the frequency stabilized laser n n Frequency f output by laser and frequency stabilized laser n-1 n-1 The laser phase difference delta f of the receiver is the channel interval frequency of the receiver, thereby forming n photo-generated terahertz local vibration sources with different frequencies and different baseband signals f Bn 。
The baseband processing unit in the embodiment is composed of n low-pass electric filters with different pass bands, n analog-to-digital converters and a digital signal processor; each path of baseband signal f Bn Respectively enter corresponding low-pass electric filters, are converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter, and finally are jointly input into a digital signal processor to be processed to obtain the frequency f of the terahertz signal to be detected THz ＝f n -f 0 -f Bn Phase, bandwidth, signal modulation regime, frequency shift, direction.
The method has the advantage that the ultra-wideband terahertz signal can be received in real time without scanning through the channelized segmented test.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer is characterized by comprising a receiving unit, an optical heterodyne unit, the photoelectric mixer and a baseband processing unit;
the terahertz receiving unit is used for receiving the terahertz signal to be detected and transmitting the terahertz signal to be detected to the photoelectric mixer;
the optical heterodyne unit is used for generating optical heterodyne signals with the frequency interval of terahertz and transmitting the optical heterodyne signals to the photoelectric mixer;
the bandwidth of the photoelectric mixer is larger than or equal to the frequency of the terahertz signal to be detected; the photoelectric mixer is used for receiving the terahertz signal to be detected and the optical heterodyne signal, converting the optical heterodyne signal into a terahertz local oscillation signal, simultaneously electrically mixing the terahertz local oscillation signal with the terahertz signal to be detected, down-converting the terahertz local oscillation signal into a baseband signal, and transmitting the baseband signal to the baseband processing unit;
and the baseband processing unit is used for filtering, sampling and digitizing the baseband signals to finally obtain the information of the terahertz signals to be detected.
2. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer is characterized in that when the terahertz channel monitoring receiver is used for single-channel scanning, the optical heterodyne unit is a single-channel tuning optical heterodyne unit and consists of a frequency stabilization laser and a sweep frequency laser, and one path of optical heterodyne signal is output.
3. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer as set forth in claim 1, wherein when the terahertz channel monitoring receiver is used for multichannel scanning, the optical heterodyne unit is a multichannel tuning optical heterodyne unit, and is composed of a frequency stabilizing laser and n sweep lasers; the fixed wavelength laser generated by the frequency stabilization laser is divided into n paths, and then forms an optical heterodyne signal with sweep laser generated by one sweep laser respectively, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; at this time, the terahertz signal to be measured is divided into n paths and is input into a photoelectric mixer together with one path of optical heterodyne signal respectively.
4. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer as set forth in claim 1, wherein when the terahertz channel monitoring machine is used for real-time channel monitoring, the optical heterodyne unit is composed of n+1 frequency stabilization lasers, the fixed wavelength laser generated by any one frequency stabilization laser is selected as reference laser, the reference laser is divided into n paths, and then the n paths of reference laser and the fixed wavelength laser generated by one frequency stabilization laser respectively form optical heterodyne signals, and n paths of optical heterodyne signals are output, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2; at this time, the terahertz signal to be measured is divided into n paths and is input into a photoelectric mixer together with one path of optical heterodyne signal respectively.
5. A terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optoelectronic mixer as claimed in claims 2-4, characterized in that the terahertz channel monitoring receiver is composed of discrete devices or monolithically integrated by an optoelectronic integration technique.
6. The terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on the photoelectric mixer as claimed in claims 2-4, wherein the terahertz signal to be detected output by the terahertz receiving unit is transmitted to the photoelectric mixer via a terahertz waveguide or free space.
7. A terahertz channel monitoring receiver based on an optical-to-electrical mixer as claimed in claims 2-4, characterized in that the baseband processing unit comprises an electrical filter, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor; and the baseband signal is filtered by the electric filter, then is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion and sampling to obtain a digital signal, and finally, the digital signal processor is used for processing to obtain the information of the terahertz signal to be detected.
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