CN116191357A

CN116191357A - Automatic detection protection method and device for motor

Info

Publication number: CN116191357A
Application number: CN202310306097.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢明东; 周小中; 郭晖; 陈盛其
Original assignee: Huizhou Yuanli Industrial Co ltd
Current assignee: Huizhou Yuanli Industrial Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-24
Filing date: 2023-03-24
Publication date: 2023-05-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor automatic detection protection method and a device, the motor automatic detection protection method comprises the following steps: step one: the motor is electrified, the control box controls the motor to work, and meanwhile, the rotor winding temperature sensor is started; step two: when the temperature Tz detected by the rotor winding temperature sensor is larger than 45 degrees, a motor starting signal is sent to a control box, and the control box starts motor working timing t0; step three: after receiving the motor starting signal, the control box starts to record the real-time temperature of the rotor winding temperature sensor and starts the front bearing temperature sensor and the rear bearing temperature sensor; step four: the control box records the real-time temperature Tq of the front bearing temperature sensor, records the real-time temperature Th of the rear bearing temperature sensor, monitors and analyzes the temperature of each position of the motor through the control box, and judges whether the motor needs to be powered off or unloaded, so that the motor protection effect is achieved.

Description

Automatic detection protection method and device for motor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor automatic detection protection method and device.

Background

The motor is an electromagnetic device for converting or transmitting electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and the main function of the motor is to generate driving torque to be used as a power source of an electric appliance or various machines. At present, motor overload protection mainly comprises two modes: one is a thermal protector, a thermal deformation micro-switch is arranged in the thermal protector, when overload occurs, the current of a motor is overlarge, and the micro-switch in the thermal protector can overheat and deform and move, so that a power supply contactor is disconnected; the other is that the frequency converter is also speed regulation and also protection, when the motor works, the frequency converter designates a parameter value according to motor standards, including three-phase current, voltage, resistance, thermal protection value, open-term, short circuit, open-circuit and the like, and the frequency converter can protect and stop running due to stable or oversized parameter change, but the structures have obvious defects: the structure is complex, the cost is high, and the maintenance is troublesome. In general, the permanent magnet motor is used for monitoring the temperature of the motor by directly embedding a temperature sensor in a winding, and an after-sales service station cannot be directly opened for maintenance when the temperature sensor fails due to the restriction of factors such as calibration of the position sensor and the like. Therefore, the structure is often limited by the service life of the temperature sensor.

Aiming at the problems, the Chinese patent application No. 201310098202.X discloses a driving motor with a temperature sensor easy to maintain and an over-temperature protection method thereof, so that the maintenance efficiency of the temperature sensor is improved, the maintenance cost is reduced, the problem of difficulty in after-sale maintenance of the temperature sensor of the motor is solved, the service life of the motor is prolonged, and customer complaints are reduced. The invention comprises a motor and a temperature sensor, wherein a motor stator and a motor rotor are arranged in a motor shell; the temperature sensor penetrates through the motor shell and stretches into the motor stator, and the temperature sensor is fixed with the motor shell. When the motor is developed, the corresponding relation between the temperature of the motor stator core and the temperature of the motor rotor winding is calibrated through experiments. When the motor operates, the motor control system detects the temperature of the motor stator through the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the motor rotor is obtained, and the motor is controlled. When the temperature sensor needs to be maintained, the temperature sensor can be directly taken out and replaced without replacing the whole motor, so that the maintenance cost and the maintenance time are reduced.

However, the invention can only protect the motor against abnormal temperature of the rotor, can not detect the working states of the bearings at the two ends of the motor, can not find the abnormal working states of the bearings in time, and avoids overload damage of the motor caused by abrasion with the bearings.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an automatic detection protection method and device for a motor, and aims to solve the problems that the existing motor protection device and method cannot comprehensively detect the rotor temperature and the front and rear bearing temperature of the motor, and the motor is subjected to power-off unloading protection through abnormal temperatures of the motor rotor and the front and rear bearings.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an automatic detection protection method for a motor, comprising the following steps:

step one: the motor is electrified, the control box controls the motor to work, and the sensor starts to work at the same time;

step two: when the temperature Tz detected by the motor rotor winding temperature sensor is larger than 45 degrees, a motor starting signal is sent to a control box, and the control box starts motor working timing t0;

step three: after receiving the motor starting signal, the control box starts to record the real-time temperature of the rotor winding temperature sensor and starts the front bearing temperature sensor and the rear bearing temperature sensor;

step four: the control box records the real-time temperature of the front bearing temperature sensor as Tq and the real-time temperature of the rear bearing temperature sensor as Th;

step five: the control box monitors rotor winding sensor temperature Tz, front bearing temperature sensor temperature Tq and rear bearing temperature sensor temperature Th respectively, compares the rotor winding temperature sensor temperature Tz with a preset rotor maximum temperature T1, compares the front bearing temperature sensor temperature Tq and the rear bearing temperature sensor temperature Th with a bearing maximum temperature T2 respectively, and controls the motion state of the motor through a control motor driving chip according to the following conditions:

(5.1) when the temperature is more than 45 degrees and less than or equal to T1, the motor works normally and outputs the maximum rotating speed omega _max ；

(5.2) when Tz is more than T1, the control box controls the unloading part of the motor output end to work through the motor driving chip, and the motor output end is separated from the load; meanwhile, the control box controls the motor to output low rotation speed omega through the motor driving chip _min ；

(5.2.1) when Tz is more than T1, the control box simultaneously sends a motor abnormality alarm to a worker;

(5.2.1.1) checking the motor by a worker, judging whether the motor is abnormal or not found, controlling the unloading part to stop working through the control box, recovering the connection between the output end of the motor and the load, and controlling the motor to recover and output the maximum rotating speed omega through the control box through the motor driving chip after recovering the connection _max ；

(5.2.1.2), checking the motor by a worker, controlling the motor to be powered off through the control box after abnormality is found, and controlling the unloading part to stop working through the control box.

(5.3) when Tq is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

(5.4) when Tq is more than T2, the control box judges that the temperature of the front bearing is abnormal, and controls the motor driving chip to power off the motor;

(5.5) when Th is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

(5.6) when Th is more than T2, the control box judges that the temperature of the front bearing is abnormal, and controls the motor driving chip to power off the motor;

step six:

(6.1) after the control box controls the motor to cut off the power of the motor, the control box sends alarm information to staff and stops t0 timing;

(6.1.1), when Tz is less than or equal to 45 degrees, the control box stops recording the real-time temperature of the rotor winding temperature sensor, and closes the front bearing temperature sensor and the rear bearing temperature sensor, and simultaneously stops recording the real-time temperature Tq of the front bearing temperature sensor and the real-time temperature Th of the rear bearing temperature sensor;

(6.2) stopping timing by the control box after the motor is normally powered off and stops working;

(6.2.1), when Tz is less than or equal to 45 degrees, the control box stops recording the real-time temperature of the rotor winding temperature sensor, and closes the front bearing temperature sensor and the rear bearing temperature sensor, and simultaneously stops recording the real-time temperature Tq of the front bearing temperature sensor and the real-time temperature Th of the rear bearing temperature sensor.

Further, T1 in the fifth step is 120 ° and T2 is 80 °.

Further, the sixth step further includes:

and (6.3) when t0 is more than or equal to the maximum working time tmax, the control box sends information to inform a worker to maintain the motor, and the worker clears t0 through the control box.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides an automatic detection protection device for the motor, which comprises a motor body and a control box arranged on the outer side of the motor body, wherein the control box is electrically connected with at least one sensor and is used for recording and displaying sensor data and controlling the motor body to work.

Further, the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of a front motor bearing and/or a rear motor bearing and/or a motor rotor.

Furthermore, the control box and the sensor are both internally provided with independent power supplies.

Furthermore, the motor extending shaft sleeve of the motor body is provided with an unloading part, and the unloading part is controlled by a control box.

Further, the unloading part includes: the electric motor is characterized in that the electric motor is matched with a driven shaft, a round hole matched with the size of the motor extension shaft is formed in the middle of the driven shaft, a plurality of limiting blocks are arranged on the side wall of the round hole of the driven shaft, slotted holes used for limiting block movement are formed in the side wall of the round hole of the driven shaft, limiting springs are arranged at the rear parts of the limiting blocks, the limiting springs enable the limiting block to extend out of the slotted holes, the other ends of the limiting springs are fixedly connected with electromagnets, the electromagnets are fixed at the bottoms of the slotted holes, limiting grooves corresponding to the limiting blocks are formed in the outer circumference of the motor extension shaft, and the limiting blocks can be pulled out of the limiting grooves of the motor extension shaft to be retracted into the slotted holes of the side wall of the round hole of the driven shaft after the electromagnets are electrified.

Further, the shape of the limiting block is a right trapezoid, the part of the limiting block extending out of the slot hole is a hypotenuse part of the right trapezoid, and the hypotenuse of the right trapezoid faces the motor body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1. according to the automatic detection protection method and device for the motor, through the cooperation of the control box and the sensor, the motor protection device can selectively monitor the temperatures of the front bearing, the rear bearing and the rotor winding in real time as required, display and record the working operation time on the control box, when the temperature of the rotor detected by the sensor exceeds 45 degrees, the sensor indicates to start working, the temperature signal is the starting recording time, and when the temperature of a certain sensor of the motor is too high, an alarm can be sent out on the control box, the motor is controlled to be powered off, meanwhile, the temperature record of the sensor can be checked, and the problem of troubleshooting after the motor faults can be conveniently solved.

2. According to the automatic detection protection method and device for the motor, through the arrangement of the unloading part, when the temperature detected by the sensor exceeds the set highest temperature, the control box can disconnect the power supply of the motor and start the electromagnet in the unloading part, so that the limiting block is separated from the limiting groove, the driven shaft is quickly separated from the extending shaft of the motor, the motor is prevented from being delayed to work under the condition of overhigh temperature, further damage is caused to the motor, and the aim of protecting the motor in time is achieved.

3. According to the automatic detection protection method and device for the motor, the control box can record the actual working time of the motor, and when the motor works for a certain time, workers are informed of overhauling the motor and replacing some vulnerable parts, so that the motor is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that some parts reach the service life, and the motor is further protected.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic motor detection and protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a semi-sectional view of an unloading part of an automatic motor detection and protection device according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of an unloading part of an automatic motor detection and protection device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a motor body; 2. a control box; 3. an unloading part; 4. a driven shaft; 5. a limiting block; 6. a limit spring; 7. an electromagnet; 8. the motor extends out of the shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in one embodiment of the present invention, a motor automatic detection protection device includes a motor body 1, a control box 2 disposed outside the motor body 1, where the control box 3 is electrically connected with a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor, the first sensor is used for detecting a temperature of a bearing before the motor, the second sensor is used for detecting a temperature of a bearing after the motor, the third sensor is used for detecting a temperature of a winding of a rotor of the motor, the control box 2 is used for recording and displaying data of each sensor and controlling the motor body 1 to work, when a temperature of any one sensor exceeds a preset temperature value of the control box 2, the control box 2 controls the motor body 1 to be powered off, and an alarm is sent to a worker, and the control box 2, the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor are all built with independent power sources, so that the temperature of each position can still be displayed after the control box 2 is powered off, the worker can check the temperature of each position conveniently, and the temperature of each position in the control box 2 can help the worker to check the motor quickly and troubleshoot; the motor body 1 includes: the motor comprises a base, a motor housing arranged above the base, wherein a junction box is arranged on one side of the motor housing, a rear bearing is arranged in the middle of the rear side of the motor housing, a rear end cover is arranged on the rear side of the motor housing, a front bearing seat is arranged on the front side of the motor housing, a front bearing is arranged in the middle of the front bearing seat, a front end cover is fixedly connected with the front side of the front bearing seat, a rotor is arranged in the middle of the motor housing, a motor extension shaft 8 is fixedly connected with the front side of the rotor, an extension section of the rear side of the rotor is matched with the rear bearing, the motor extension shaft 8 is matched with the front bearing, a stator is arranged on the inner side wall of the motor housing, a plurality of rotor windings are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotor, a second sensor is arranged at the position corresponding to the rear end cover and the rear bearing, an inductive head of the second sensor is in contact with the rear bearing, a first sensor is arranged at the corresponding position of the front end cover and the front bearing, the inductive head of the first sensor is in contact with the front bearing, a third sensor is arranged on one side of the rotor, the inductive head of the third sensor is in contact with the rotor windings, a motor control box 2 is arranged above the motor extension shaft 8, a motor unloading control box 3 is arranged on the motor unloading control box, a motor unloading part 3 is arranged on the motor extension shaft 3, and the motor unloading control box is further damaged when the motor 2 is unloaded, and the motor control box is prevented from being damaged by the motor unloading part 3.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading part 3 includes: the driven shaft 4 matched with the motor extension shaft 8, a round hole matched with the motor extension shaft 8 in size is formed in the middle of the driven shaft 4, a plurality of limiting blocks 5 are arranged on the side wall of the round hole of the driven shaft 4, slotted holes used for moving the limiting blocks 5 are formed in the side wall of the round hole of the driven shaft 4, limiting springs 6 are arranged at the rear parts of the limiting blocks 5, the limiting springs 6 enable part of the limiting blocks 5 to extend out of the slotted holes, the other ends of the limiting springs 6 are fixedly connected with electromagnets 7, the electromagnets 7 are fixed at the bottoms of the slotted holes, limiting grooves corresponding to the limiting blocks 5 are formed in the outer circumference of the motor extension shaft 8, and after the electromagnets 7 are electrified, the limiting blocks 5 can be pulled out of the limiting grooves of the motor extension shaft 8 and retracted into the slotted holes of the round hole side wall of the driven shaft 4, so that the unloading part 3 and the motor extension shaft 8 are separated, and unloading is achieved.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-3, the shape of the limiting block 5 is a right trapezoid, the part of the limiting block 5 protruding out of the slot hole is the hypotenuse part of the right trapezoid, and the hypotenuse of the right trapezoid faces the motor body 1, and the shape and the orientation of the limiting block 5 can facilitate the installation of the driven shaft 4 on the motor protruding shaft 8, so that the driven shaft 4 can be simply pushed into the output shaft, and the installation mode is simplified.

The protection method used by the automatic detection protection device for the motor is as follows:

(5.1) when the temperature is less than 45 degrees and is less than or equal to T1, the motor is normalWork, output maximum rotation speed omega _max ；

(5.3) when Tq is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

(5.5) when Th is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

step six:

In the fifth step, T1 is 120 ° and T2 is 80 °.

The step six further comprises:

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and improvements could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The automatic detection and protection method for the motor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(5.3) when Tq is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

(5.5) when Th is less than or equal to T2, the motor works normally;

step six:

2. The automatic motor detection and protection method according to claim 1, wherein T1 in the fifth step is 120 ° and T2 is 80 °.

3. The automatic motor detection and protection method according to claim 2, wherein the step six further includes:

4. The utility model provides a motor automated inspection protection device, its characterized in that includes motor body (1), sets up control box (2) in motor body (1) outside, control box (2) electric connection has at least one sensor, control box (2) are used for the record and show sensor data and control motor body (1) work.

5. An automatic motor detection and protection device according to claim 4, wherein the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the front motor bearing and/or the rear motor bearing and/or the motor rotor.

6. The automatic motor detection and protection device according to claim 5, wherein the control box (2) and the sensor are both internally provided with independent power supplies.

7. The automatic motor detection and protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the motor extension shaft (8) of the motor body (1) is sleeved with an unloading part (3), and the unloading part (3) is controlled by a control box (2).

8. An automatic motor detection and protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that said unloading means (3) comprise: with motor extension axle (8) complex driven shaft (4), the round hole with motor extension axle (8) size adaptation has been seted up at the middle part of driven shaft (4), the round hole lateral wall of driven shaft (4) is provided with a plurality of stopper (5), be used for the slotted hole that stopper (5) removed is seted up to the round hole lateral wall of driven shaft (4), the rear portion of stopper (5) all is provided with spacing spring (6), spacing spring (6) makes stopper (5) part stretch out the slotted hole, the other end of spacing spring (6) all with electromagnet (7) fixed connection, electromagnet (7) are fixed in the slotted hole bottom, the outer circumference of motor extension axle (8) seted up with the spacing groove that corresponds of stopper (5), in the slotted hole of the round hole lateral wall of retraction driven shaft (4) can be pulled out stopper (5) from the spacing inslot of motor extension axle (8) after the circular telegram.

9. An automatic motor detection and protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that the shape of the limit block (5) is a right trapezoid, the part of the limit block (5) extending out of the slot is the hypotenuse part of the right trapezoid, and the hypotenuse of the right trapezoid faces the motor body (1).