CN116184140A - Multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection - Google Patents
Multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN116184140A CN116184140A CN202310429316.1A CN202310429316A CN116184140A CN 116184140 A CN116184140 A CN 116184140A CN 202310429316 A CN202310429316 A CN 202310429316A CN 116184140 A CN116184140 A CN 116184140A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1254—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of gas-insulated power appliances or vacuum gaps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection, belonging to the technical field of insulation detection of power equipment; the invention can utilize a single sensor to monitor GIS discharge defects and mechanical defects simultaneously, and comprises a sensor body and a flange plate, wherein the sensor body is arranged on the inner surface of the flange plate, an insulating adhesive layer is coated between the sensor body and the inner surface of the flange plate, and the flange plate is fixedly connected to a GIS equipment shell through a connecting bolt; the piezoelectric ceramic composite material is of a four-layer structure, and comprises a matching layer, a piezoelectric ceramic material layer, a quality backing layer and a metal electrode material layer from bottom to top, wherein a signal wire is fixedly connected to the metal electrode material layer. The invention solves the problems that the traditional single sensor only detects one signal, the detection precision is low and the detection range is small, and solves the problems of complex structure and complex operation of multi-equipment combined detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of defect detection of power equipment, in particular to a multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection.
Background
With the rapid development of the power grid technology, the requirements on power supply reliability are continuously improved, the GIS power equipment which runs for a long time cannot avoid generating discharge type defects and mechanical type defects, the discharge type defects cause the deterioration of the insulation medium of the power equipment, the long-term discharge can cause the continuous damage of the insulation medium, the insulation performance is reduced, the insulation breakdown of the equipment can be possibly induced, the irreversible damage is caused to the insulation medium, the safe and stable running of the GIS equipment is seriously affected, the mechanical type defects mainly comprise abnormal contact of a switch contact in the GIS, the loosening of a bus clamp spring, the long-term vibration can even cause the loosening of a conducting rod and an insulation part, the partial discharge is caused, and the huge loss is caused to the power grid.
The GIS can generate various characteristic signals when discharge occurs, and various methods for detecting the characteristic signals comprise an ultrahigh frequency method, an ultrasonic method, a pulse current method, a light measurement method, a combined detection method and the like. The detection of the ultrahigh frequency signal and the ultrasonic signal is the most common detection method in the local discharge field detection, but the current commonly used sensor has a single function, namely the ultrasonic sensor can only detect the ultrasonic signal, the ultrahigh frequency sensor can only detect the ultrahigh frequency signal, the single detection method has insufficient detection sensitivity to various signals generated in GIS local discharge, the reliability is low, and for the combined detection method, because of more field signal interference, the complex calculation and analysis are needed for judging whether the single signal output by the single sensor is the discharge characteristic signal, thereby increasing the complexity and complexity of actual operation. The GIS can generate characteristic signals when mechanical defects occur, and various detection methods include an infrared detection method, a fiber grating temperature measurement method and a vibration detection method, wherein the vibration detection method is not electrically connected with a main loop of the equipment, and the GIS has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, high sensitivity and the like. And the sensor element for GIS fault detection and the GIS equipment housing acoustic impedance are seriously mismatched to cause a great deal of loss of ultrasonic energy.
Based on the problems, the invention provides a multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for simultaneously sensing discharge type defects and mechanical defects of GIS equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the practical requirements of simple and highly reliable detection of GIS discharge and mechanical defects, the invention provides a multifunctional single sensor suitable for detecting GIS discharge type defects by detecting ultrasonic and ultrahigh frequency signals through the single sensor, detecting GIS mechanical defects by detecting vibration characteristic signals, effectively improving the reliability of the current partial discharge on-line detection and mechanical vibration monitoring through the time difference among the ultrasonic signals, the ultrahigh frequency signals and the vibration signals, effectively reducing the impedance loss generated by the partial discharge on-line detection through the design of an impedance matching layer, enabling acoustic energy to be efficiently transmitted between piezoelectric materials and a GIS, and greatly reducing the complexity of the GIS equipment defect detection. Through the design of the mass backing layer, the mechanical vibration signal can be effectively increased, the electromechanical conversion efficiency is improved, the damping effect is achieved, meanwhile, the residual ultrasonic wave penetrating through the piezoelectric material can be effectively absorbed, and the echo interference is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection comprises a sensor body and a flange, wherein the sensor body is arranged on the inner surface of the flange, and an insulating adhesive layer is coated between the sensor body and the inner surface of the flange and used as an insulating layer; the flange plate is fixedly connected to the GIS equipment shell through a connecting bolt; the structure is a four-layer structure, and comprises a matching layer, a piezoelectric ceramic material layer, a quality backing layer and a metal electrode material layer from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a signal wire is fixedly connected to the metal electrode material layer.
Preferably, the sensor body is mounted on the inner surface of the flange plate of the GIS equipment, and compared with an external integrated sensor on the market, the internal sensor can receive an ultrahigh frequency signal which cannot leak to the outside of the GIS equipment.
Preferably, the metal electrode material layer, the mass backing layer and the piezoelectric ceramic material layer form an ultrahigh frequency signal sensing unit; the metal electrode is used as an electric signal output electrode for ultrasonic signal sensing, and forms an ultrasonic signal sensing unit together with the mass backing layer and the piezoelectric ceramic; the metal electrode is used as an electric signal output electrode for sensing a vibration signal, and forms a vibration signal sensing unit together with the mass backing layer and the piezoelectric ceramic.
Preferably, the ultrasonic signals and vibration signals induced by the piezoelectric ceramic material layer are output to the metal electrode material layer through the mass backing layer, and the ultrasonic signals and vibration signals are output outwards through the metal electrode material layer through the signal line; and the ultrahigh frequency signals induced by the metal electrode material layer are output outwards through the signal wire.
Preferably, the matching layer is preferably a steel matching layer, and the steel matching layer is laid between the inner surface of the flange plate and the piezoelectric ceramic material layer, so that the loss of signal transmission can be reduced; the matching layer has a cuboid structure, the length of 150-160 mm, the width of 100-110 mm and the thickness of 20-25 mm.
Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic material layer is preferably PZT, and has a circular structure, a radius of 35-40 mm, and a thickness of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Preferably, the mass backing layer is preferably epoxy resin, the mass backing layer is circular in structure, the radius is the same as that of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer, and the thickness is 1.0-2.0 mm.
Preferably, the metal electrode material layer is preferably a copper metal electrode, the metal electrode material layer is an interdigital electrode, and the width of the interdigital electrode and the gap distance between adjacent interdigital electrodes are both 3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a single multifunctional sensing technology suitable for GIS equipment defect detection, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention combines the ultrasonic detection method and the ultrahigh frequency detection method, has the advantages of high sensitivity, high positioning accuracy and the like for discharge type defects of GIS equipment, has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, high sensitivity, safety, reliability and the like for mechanical defect detection of GIS equipment by using the vibration detection method, and simultaneously reduces a large amount of energy loss when detection signals propagate in the sensor and the GIS equipment shell by adding the acoustic impedance matching layer at the bottom of the single sensor.
(2) The invention adopts the mass backing layer added between the piezoelectric material and the metal electrode, effectively increases the deformation of the piezoelectric material caused by mechanical vibration signals and ultrasonic signals, improves the electromechanical conversion efficiency, has damping effect, effectively absorbs residual ultrasonic waves, and reduces echo interference caused by ultrasonic signal reflection.
(3) The invention solves the problems that the traditional single sensor only detects one signal, the detection precision is low and the detection range is small, solves the problems of complex multi-equipment combined detection structure and complex operation, and realizes the simultaneous perception of ultrasonic signals and ultrahigh frequency signals generated by GIS equipment discharge and the simultaneous perception of vibration signals generated by GIS equipment mechanical abnormal sound vibration.
(4) The invention has simple principle, has sensitivity and high efficiency, greatly reduces the detection difficulty of partial discharge signals and mechanical vibration signals of GIS equipment, and improves the reliability and high efficiency of GIS equipment detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional monomer sensor for detecting defects of GIS equipment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sensor body according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a timely example of a multifunctional monomer sensor for defect detection suitable for GIS equipment according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. a sensor body; 2. a flange plate; 3. an insulating adhesive layer; 4. a matching layer; 5. a piezoelectric ceramic material layer; 6. a mass backing layer; 7. a metal electrode material layer; 8. and a signal line.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The invention provides a multifunctional single sensor for detecting defects of GIS equipment, which is used for realizing the simultaneous and effective sensing of characteristic signals with different properties on the GIS equipment by a single sensor, and the single sensor can realize the effective and sensitive sensing of ultrasonic characteristic signals generated by discharge defects of the GIS equipment, ultrahigh frequency characteristic signals and vibration characteristic signals generated by mechanical defects on an electric power site, so that mechanical vibration signals and ultrasonic signals are converted with high efficiency, echo interference caused by ultrasonic signal reflection is reduced, acoustic energy is transmitted between the single sensor and a shell of the GIS equipment with high efficiency, the sensitivity of the sensor is improved, and the distortion of sensor output signals caused by acoustic impedance mismatch is reduced.
According to the invention, by combining an ultrasonic method, an ultrahigh frequency method and a vibration detection method detection technology, a plurality of detection modes and a plurality of monitoring devices are combined to form the multifunctional single sensor, and the electromechanical conversion efficiency of ultrasonic signals and mechanical vibration signals is improved by designing the quality backing layer 6 of the sensor, and meanwhile, residual ultrasonic waves are absorbed to reduce echo interference. The acoustic impedance matching layer 4 is designed for the sensor to reduce a great amount of energy loss between the GIS equipment and the single sensor, and meanwhile, the discharge of the GIS equipment and the condition of mechanical defects are timely and accurately detected through the detection of the characteristic signals.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: the frequency of the GIS mechanical defect vibration signal is 50 Hz-2000 Hz, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is 20 kHz-200 kHz, the frequency of the ultrahigh frequency signal is 0.3 GHz-3 GHz, the frequency of signals generated by GIS mechanical defects and discharge defects differ by 3-9 orders of magnitude, the difference of the signal frequencies can provide technical support for the separation of output signals of the single sensor, and meanwhile, the single sensor can provide technical support for the diagnosis of different defect types according to the difference of the output signal frequencies.
The installation scheme of the invention is as follows: the sensor body 1 is internally arranged on the inner surface of the flange plate 2, so that the defect that the ultra-high frequency signal attenuation is fast when the single sensor is externally arranged on the outer surface of the GIS metal is overcome.
The technical scheme of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, and the specific contents are as follows.
Example 1:
a multifunctional monomer sensor for detecting defects of GIS equipment can be used for simultaneously detecting ultrasonic signals, ultrahigh frequency signals and vibration signals generated by mechanical defects of the GIS equipment. The sensor has a four-layer structure, wherein a bottom layer is made of steel acoustic impedance matching layers and is adhered to the inner surface of a GIS equipment shell, a lower layer is made of epoxy resin and is used as a mass backing layer 6, the lower layer is laid on the upper surface of the matching layer 4, an upper layer is made of piezoelectric ceramic PZT and is used as a medium substrate, the upper layer is laid on the upper surface of the mass backing layer 6, a top layer is made of copper metal electrodes, the top layer is also laid on the upper surface of the mass backing layer 6, and signal wires 8 are led out from the metal electrodes.
Referring to fig. 1, a mass backing layer 6 is laid on a substrate of a piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5, a metal electrode material layer 7 is laid on the mass backing layer 6 and connected with a signal line 8, and a matching layer 4 is laid at the bottom and around the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5, wherein the metal electrode material layer 7 is used as an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic wave sensing unit for sensing ultrahigh frequency signals, the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5, the mass backing layer 6 and the metal electrode material layer 7 are used as an ultrasonic sensing unit for sensing ultrasonic signals, and simultaneously used as a mechanical vibration sensing unit for sensing vibration signals, and the matching layer 4 is used as an acoustic impedance transition between two media; the ultrahigh frequency signal of GIS partial discharge is transmitted to the sensor body 1, the electromagnetic wave signal is perceived by the metal electrode material layer 7 laid on the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5, and then the ultrahigh frequency signal is output through the signal line 8; the ultrasonic signals of GIS partial discharge are transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5 to cause the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic, the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5 caused by the ultrasonic signals is increased through the mass backing layer 6, meanwhile, the echo interference caused by the reflection of the residual ultrasonic signals is reduced, and then the ultrasonic signals are output through the metal electrode; the vibration signal generated by GIS mechanical vibration is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5 to cause the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic, the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5 caused by the mechanical vibration is increased through the mass backing layer 6, then the vibration signal is output through the metal electrode, and finally the vibration signal is output outwards through the signal wire 8 on the metal electrode.
Referring to fig. 2-3, a sensor body 1 is installed on an inner surface of a flange 2 of a GIS device, an insulating adhesive layer 3 is laid between the sensor body 1 and the inner surface of the flange 2 as an insulating layer, so that the sensor body 1 and a metal housing of the GIS device are insulated from each other, a matching layer 4 is laid on the insulating adhesive layer 3, a piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5 is laid in the matching layer 4, a mass backing layer 6 is laid on the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 5, the length of the mass backing layer 6 is S, the length of a metal electrode material layer 7 laid on the mass backing layer 6 is (0,S), and a signal line 8 is laid on the metal electrode material layer 7.
The designed multifunctional single sensor for detecting the defects of the GIS equipment can effectively realize simultaneous output and defect detection of an ultrasonic signal, an ultrahigh frequency signal and a mechanical vibration signal through different frequencies of the ultrasonic signal, the ultrahigh frequency signal and the mechanical vibration signal, and effectively solve the problems that a single sensor cannot simultaneously output two signals, the detection precision is insufficient, the detection range is not wide, the GIS partial discharge position cannot be accurately positioned and the like by combining the advantages of an ultrasonic method and an ultrahigh frequency method; by combining a mechanical vibration method, the simultaneous discharge detection and mechanical detection of a single sensor are effectively realized, the simultaneous sensing and output of ultrasonic signals, ultrahigh frequency signals and vibration signals are realized, the convenience of GIS partial discharge insulation defect detection and mechanical defect detection is improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The multifunctional single sensor for defect detection suitable for GIS equipment is characterized in that the single sensor is used for simultaneously monitoring GIS discharge defects and mechanical defects, the multifunctional single sensor comprises a sensor body (1) and a flange plate (2), wherein the sensor body (1) is arranged on the inner surface of the flange plate (2), an insulating adhesive cloth layer (3) is laid between the sensor body (1) and the inner surface of the flange plate (2), and the flange plate (2) is fixedly connected to a GIS equipment shell through a connecting bolt; the sensor body (1) is arranged to be of a four-layer structure, and comprises a matching layer (4), a piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5), a mass backing layer (6) and a metal electrode material layer (7) from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a signal wire (8) is fixedly connected to the metal electrode material layer (7).
2. The multifunctional single sensor for defect detection suitable for GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the metal electrode material layer (7), the mass backing layer (6) and the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5) form an ultrahigh frequency signal sensing unit; the metal electrode is used as an electric signal output electrode for ultrasonic signal sensing, and forms an ultrasonic signal sensing unit together with the piezoelectric ceramic and the mass backing; the metal electrode is used as an electric signal output electrode for sensing a vibration signal, and forms a vibration signal sensing unit together with the piezoelectric ceramic and the mass backing.
3. The multifunctional single sensor for detecting defects, which is suitable for GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic signals and vibration signals induced by the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5) reach damping effect through the mass backing layer (6) and are output to the metal electrode material layer (7), and the metal electrode material layer (7) is output outwards through the signal line (8); the ultrahigh frequency signals induced by the metal electrode material layer (7) are output outwards through the signal line (8).
4. The multifunctional single sensor for detecting defects, which is applicable to GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the matching layer (4) is made of steel, the steel matching layer is arranged between the inner surface of the laying flange plate (2) and the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5), the matching layer (4) is in a cuboid structure, the length is 150-160 mm, the width is 100-110 mm, and the thickness is 20-25 mm.
5. The multifunctional single sensor for detecting defects, which is suitable for GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5) is PZT, the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5) is in a round shape, the radius is 35-40 mm, and the thickness is 0.8-1.0 mm.
6. The multifunctional monomer sensor for defect detection, which is suitable for GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the mass backing layer (6) is epoxy resin, the mass backing layer (6) is circular in structure, the radius of the mass backing layer is the same as that of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer (5), and the thickness of the mass backing layer is 1.0-2.0 mm.
7. The multifunctional single sensor for detecting defects, which is applicable to GIS equipment according to claim 1, wherein the metal electrode material layer (7) is a copper metal electrode, the structure of the metal electrode material layer (7) is an interdigital electrode, and the width of the interdigital electrode and the gap distance between adjacent interdigital electrodes are 3 mm.
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| CN202310429316.1A CN116184140A (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection |
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| CN202310429316.1A CN116184140A (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Multifunctional monomer sensor suitable for GIS equipment defect detection |
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