CN116183525A - Three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system, which comprises: a host and a probe; the host is connected with the probe through an optical fiber; the light source emits light beams to be incident to the light source reflective coating, and the light beams with diffuse reflection are generated to be incident to the detection bin; the other side surface of the detection bin is provided with a water pumping tower head which is used for pumping the detected water body out of the detection bin; a collimating lens group is arranged on the top surface of the detection bin and used for imaging the water body to be detected; the upper part of the collimating lens group is connected with the optical fiber through a connecting device, and then is respectively connected with the optical fiber switching structure and the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber. The diffuse reflection light beam enters the detection bin through the light inlet hole to irradiate the water body to be detected, and is transmitted to the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber after being imaged through the collimating lens group to acquire spectral data of the water body to be detected. The invention has the advantages of practicality, portability, low cost and low power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectrum analysis, in particular to a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system.
Background
The bloom phenomenon caused by the mass propagation of algae is an important characteristic of the eutrophication of the lake water body, and China becomes one of the countries with the most serious outbreak and the most wide distribution of blue algae bloom in the world. In practice, the algae bloom area and the chlorophyll a concentration on the surface layer of the eutrophic lake water body often change drastically within days, and even the algae bloom gathers or disappears in a large area within hours. Therefore, the three-dimensional monitoring of algae biomass in lakes is developed, the space-time variation rule of the total amount of algae is accurately mastered, the driving elements and the mechanism of the variation are scientifically explained, and the method is an important guarantee for accurately mastering the variation trend of the occurrence intensity of blue algae bloom in lakes in China and even the whole world, and realizing sustainable development of lakes and watercourses.
Compared with water quality detection analysis methods such as chemical analysis, electrochemical analysis, chromatographic separation technology, biological sensing technology and the like, the lake blue algae detection technology based on spectral analysis is one of important development directions of modern environment water quality detection.
At present, the technology mainly comprises an atomic absorption spectrometry, a hyperspectral remote sensing method and a molecular absorption spectrometry, wherein the hyperspectral remote sensing method is mostly used for qualitative monitoring analysis of water quality due to low measurement accuracy. The atomic spectrum analysis technology is one of standard analysis methods for measuring water quality parameters of heavy metals such as total chromium, total lead, total mercury, total zinc and total manganese in water, and has the characteristics of sensitive measurement, accuracy, high selectivity and high analysis speed, but has the advantages of large energy consumption, difficult measurement of refractory elements and nonmetallic elements, high equipment price and inconvenient use, and can not meet the requirements of online and real-time multi-parameter environment water quality detection. In comparison, the application of molecular absorption spectrum analysis, especially ultraviolet-visible molecular absorption spectrum analysis in the field of water quality analysis is an extremely important development direction of modern water quality detection, and has the advantages of simple operation, small consumption of reagents (detection of individual water quality parameters even without reagents), good repeatability, high measurement precision, quick analysis and the like, and is suitable for quick online detection of environmental water samples. At present, according to whether a detection method needs sample chemical pretreatment or not, water quality detection technology based on molecular absorption spectrum analysis can be divided into two types of sample pretreatment spectrum water quality detection and direct spectrum water quality detection. In comparison, the sample pretreatment spectrum water quality detection technology is mature, can be suitable for online detection of most water quality parameters, is a main development direction of the current spectrum water quality detection, and the direct spectrum water quality detection is easily affected by the individual variability of different water bodies although the sample pretreatment is not needed, and the core intelligent algorithm model is easily interfered by the different water bodies, is not stable enough in detection and is not strong in universality; meanwhile, the current direct spectrum water quality detection instrument can be limited to detection of some water quality parameters, such as COD, nitrate, benzene substances and the like, and is still in an immature technical development stage, and the application field of the direct spectrum water quality detection instrument is far less wide than that of a sample pretreatment spectrum water quality detection instrument.
The spectrum water environment detection technology is an important development direction in the field of water quality detection, however, the following problems exist in the current technology as can be seen from the above state of the art and trend analysis:
(1) From the intrinsic analysis of the detection method, the water environment detection is the unique advantage of the spectrum water quality detection technology, the technical problem that the multi-electrochemical sensor integration, the multi-analysis method module integration or the combination of a plurality of instruments are used for realizing the multi-parameter detection of the water environment at present can be solved, however, the single-parameter detection is still the main part of the current spectrum water environment detection instrument, and the multi-parameter spectrum water environment detection instrument is still in the immature stage of technical development.
(2) The currently reported water environment multi-parameter spectrum detection instruments are all internally provided with large-scale spectrophotometry analysis systems, so that the instruments are complex in structure, large in size and high in cost.
(3) The complexity of an actual environment water sample and various interference signals carried by a continuous spectrum are one of the main factors influencing the accuracy of water quality detection, so that the on-line water environment detection spectrum signal characteristics should be analyzed, and the water environment multi-parameter detection spectrum signal processing technology is researched to improve the accuracy of water quality detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention aims to provide a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system, aiming at the urgent requirements of modern lake blue algae biomass detection precision and portability, low power consumption and high performance on-line detection application capability, the invention is based on ultraviolet-visible spectrum technology, and integrates a miniaturized fluorescence detection system, a dynamic positioning technology, a vacuum sealing technology, a real-time data transmission and a cloud sharing technology by constructing a spectrum parameter inversion algorithm of blue algae three-dimensional distribution in an eutrophic shallow lake water body, so that in-situ, on-line, high-precision and three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass three-dimensional monitoring equipment can be satisfied, and the equipment can also realize blue algae bloom thickness detection. Has the advantages of practicality, portability, low cost and low power consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the invention provides a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system, which comprises: a host and a probe; the host is connected with the probe through an optical fiber;
the host computer includes: built-in battery, single board computer and optical fiber spectrometer; the probe includes: a light source and a detection bin;
the bottom of the probe is semicircular, and the inner side of the bottom of the probe is coated with a light source reflection coating; the light source emits light beams to be incident to the light source reflective coating, and the light beams with diffuse reflection are generated to be incident to the detection bin;
the detection bin is of a hollow cuboid structure;
a light inlet hole is formed in the bottom surface of the detection bin;
a water inlet is arranged on the side surface of the detection bin;
the other side surface of the detection bin is provided with a water pumping tower head which is used for pumping the detected water body out of the detection bin;
a collimating lens group is arranged on the top surface of the detection bin and used for imaging the water body to be detected;
the upper part of the collimating lens group is connected with the optical fiber through a connecting device, and then is respectively connected with the optical fiber switching structure and the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber.
The diffuse reflection light beam enters the detection bin through the light inlet hole to irradiate the water body to be detected, and is imaged through the collimating lens group and then transmitted to the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber to acquire spectral data of the water body to be detected;
the single board computer is used for storing the spectrum data of the water body to be measured, and the built-in battery is used for supplying power to the single board computer and the optical fiber spectrometer.
Preferably, the optical fiber switching device further comprises an optical fiber switching structure;
the probe is internally and uniformly provided with detection bins with different numbers, and each detection bin is connected with an optical fiber switching structure and an optical fiber spectrometer through optical fibers;
in the same time, the optical fiber spectrometer can only receive the spectral data of the water body to be detected, which is transmitted by one optical fiber;
and the optical fiber switching structure is controlled to selectively receive the spectral data of the water body to be detected in any optical fiber.
Preferably, the water inlet is fitted with a filtration system;
the filtering system is used for filtering the water body to different degrees, so that different water bodies to be detected exist in different detection bins, and further detection of different water bodies to be detected is realized.
Preferably, the optical fiber is placed in a watertight sealed bellows.
Preferably, the host is placed on the water surface and the probe is placed in a working environment of 0m-2m under water.
Preferably, the optical fiber switching mechanism comprises an electric displacement table and a double-L-shaped structure; the double-L-shaped structure comprises a first L-shaped structure and a second L-shaped structure;
the electric displacement table is arranged on the bottom of the host;
the first L-shaped structure is arranged on the bottom of the host; the first L-shaped structure is provided with an optical fiber collimating lens which is respectively connected with the detection bin through optical fibers;
the second L-shaped structure is arranged on the electric displacement table; the second L-shaped structure is provided with an optical fiber focusing lens which is connected with an optical fiber spectrometer;
the electric displacement table is controlled by the stepping motor to move, so that the second L-shaped structure is driven to translate, and the optical fiber focusing lens on the second L-shaped structure and the different optical fiber collimating lenses on the first L-shaped structure are aligned respectively to finish optical path switching.
Preferably, the probe has dimensions 160mm x 80mm.
Preferably, the detection spectral range of the present invention is: 200-800nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the spectrum range is wide (200-800 nm), the spectrum resolution is high (better than 1 nm), the continuous spectrum analysis can be carried out, the multi-parameter detection spectrum signal processing is carried out, the three-beam measurement light path design is adopted, the influence of the turbidity of lake water is eliminated, and the influence of the light intensity of a light source and the change of a detector is eliminated;
2. low cost, convenient carrying and throwing (total volume is less than or equal to 10 dm) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Total mass is less than or equal to 10 kg), and detection depth is large: 0-2m, and simultaneously has the blue algae bloom thickness, blue algae Chl-a content and biomass in-situ, online, high-precision, three-dimensional detection and long continuous working time of the blue algae Chl-a content in the water body>24h unmanned ship cable power supply) and autonomous moving distance>1km; high positioning accuracy<5m)；
3. The method promotes the transition of monitoring the blue algae biomass in the lake from the ectopic position to the in-situ position, and greatly improves the monitoring frequency of the blue algae in the lake and the space-time scale of the monitoring index.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a probe part of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a probe of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-L-shaped structure of a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein reference numerals include: the light source 1, the light source reflective coating 2, the detection bin 3, the light inlet 31, the water inlet 32, the water pumping tower head 33, the collimating lens group 34, the collimating lens group joint 35, the connecting device 4, the built-in battery 5, the single board computer 6, the optical fiber switching structure 7, the electric displacement table 71, the double-L-shaped structure 72, the first L-shaped structure 721, the second L-shaped structure 722 and the optical fiber spectrometer 8.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, like modules are denoted by like reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, a detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
1-2, the system for detecting the blue algae biomass spectrum of the three-dimensional lake provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a host and a probe; the host and the probe are connected through optical fibers. The probe dimensions were 160mm x 80mm.
Wherein the host portion includes: the device comprises a built-in battery 5, a single board computer 6, an optical fiber switching structure 7 and an optical fiber spectrometer 8;
the probe portion includes: the light source 1, the light source reflective coating 2, the detection bin 3, the light inlet 31, the water inlet 32, the water pumping tower head 33, the collimating lens group 34, the collimating lens group joint 35 and the connecting device 4.
The bottom of the probe is semicircular, and the inner side of the bottom of the probe is coated with a light source reflection coating 2.
The light beam emitted by the light source 1 is incident on the light source reflective coating 2, and the diffuse reflection light beam is generated and is incident on the detection bin 3.
The probe is internally provided with a plurality of detection bins 3 which are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal plane.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a probe part of a system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a probe of the system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to an embodiment of the invention.
In one embodiment provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 3-4, the number of detection bins 3 is 3, and the detection bins are placed inside the probe in an axisymmetric manner.
The detection bin 3 is of a hollow cuboid structure;
a light inlet 31 is arranged on the bottom surface of the detection bin 3 facing the light source reflective coating 2;
a water inlet 32 is arranged on the side surface of the detection bin 3, and a filtering system is arranged at the water inlet 32;
a water pumping tower head 33 is arranged on the other side surface of the detection bin 3 and is used for pumping the detected water body out of the detection bin 3;
a collimating lens group 34 is arranged on the top surface of the detection bin 3 and is used for imaging the water body to be detected so as to acquire the spectrum data of the water body to be detected through the optical fiber spectrometer 8.
The upper part of the collimating lens group 34 is connected with optical fibers through a collimating lens group connector 35, the optical fibers are placed in the connecting device 4, and then the optical fibers are respectively connected with the optical fiber switching structure 7 and the optical fiber spectrometer 8.
The optical fiber is placed in a waterproof sealing corrugated pipe and is connected with an optical fiber switching structure 7 and an optical fiber spectrometer 8 inside the host.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a double-L-shaped structure of a three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the optical fiber switching mechanism 7 is mounted on the bottom of the above-mentioned host computer, and the optical fiber switching mechanism 7 includes an electric displacement table 71 and a double-L-shaped structure 72; the double L-shaped structure 72 includes a first L-shaped structure 721 and a second L-shaped structure 722;
the electric displacement table 71 is installed on the bottom of the main machine;
the first L-shaped structure 721 is mounted on the bottom of the host; the first L-shaped structure 721 is provided with a plurality of optical fiber collimating lenses, which are respectively connected with the detection bin through optical fibers.
The second L-shaped structure 722 is mounted on the motorized displacement table 71; the second L-shaped structure 722 is provided with an optical fiber focusing lens which is connected with an optical fiber spectrometer 8;
the electric displacement table 71 is controlled by the stepping motor to move, so that the second L-shaped structure 722 is driven to translate, and the optical fiber focusing lens on the second L-shaped structure 722 and the different optical fiber collimating lenses on the first L-shaped structure 721 are respectively aligned to complete optical path switching.
The inside of the 3 detection bins respectively comprises three water bodies:
lake water as it is (blue algae, inorganic matter, organic matter, water);
a water body only containing blue algae and organic matters after light filtration;
distilled water prepared in a laboratory.
In the working process of the three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system provided by the invention, the blue algae biomass spectrum detection system comprises the following steps:
the host is placed on an unmanned ship on the water surface, and the probe is placed in an operation environment of 0-2m under water. The whole machine is packaged by 6061 aluminum and rubber O-shaped rings.
The light source is switched by the stepping motor, so that the light source emits preset wavelength. The light source emits light beams with preset wavelengths, the light beams are reflected by the light source reflective coating to form diffuse reflection light beams, and the diffuse reflection light beams are simultaneously incident into detection bins at different positions through the light inlet holes to irradiate the water body to be detected.
When the spectrum data of the first water body to be measured is acquired:
the light source emits light beams with a first preset wavelength, and the light beams are reflected by the light source reflective coating to form diffuse reflection light beams to form first diffuse reflection light beams to irradiate three water bodies to be detected in the detection bin.
The optical fiber switching structure 7 is controlled to selectively receive the spectrum data in the optical fiber corresponding to the first water body to be detected.
When the spectrum data of the second water body to be measured is acquired:
the light source emits light beams with a second preset wavelength, and the light beams are reflected by the light source reflective coating to form diffuse reflection light beams to form second diffuse reflection light beams to irradiate three water bodies to be detected in the detection bin.
The optical fiber switching structure 7 is controlled to selectively receive the spectrum data in the optical fiber corresponding to the second water body to be detected.
And by analogy, sequentially acquiring the spectrum data of three different water bodies to be detected.
The three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system provided by the invention can respectively detect the real-time 200-800nm absorption spectrum of three water samples to be detected through the same optical fiber spectrometer, and finally the absorption spectrum data of blue algae can be measured according to the superposition of the absorption spectrum.
The single board computer 6 is provided with corresponding control software and programs to realize the data acquisition function, and the acquired spectrum data of different water bodies to be detected are stored through the single board computer 6. The spectrum data of different water bodies to be tested can be transmitted to the cloud through a network or a cable.
The built-in battery 5 and the single board computer 6 are arranged to ensure the power supply of the equipment and the running of an autonomous acquisition program, and the waterproof connector and the underwater waterproof optical cable are utilized to transmit signals back to the base station.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
The above embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any of various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system is characterized by comprising: a host and a probe; the host is connected with the probe through an optical fiber;
the host includes: built-in battery, single board computer and optical fiber spectrometer; the probe includes: a light source and a detection bin;
the bottom of the probe is semicircular, and the inner side of the bottom of the probe is coated with a light source reflection coating; the light source emits light beams to be incident to the light source reflective coating, and diffuse reflection light beams are generated to be incident to the detection bin;
the detection bin is of a hollow cuboid structure;
a light inlet hole is formed in the bottom surface of the detection bin;
a water inlet is arranged on the side surface of the detection bin;
the other side surface of the detection bin is provided with a water pumping tower head which is used for pumping the detected water body out of the detection bin;
a collimating lens group is arranged on the top surface of the detection bin and used for imaging the water body to be detected;
the upper part of the collimating lens group is connected with the optical fiber through a connecting device, and then is connected with the optical fiber switching structure and the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber;
the diffuse reflection light beam enters the detection bin through the light inlet hole to irradiate the water body to be detected, is imaged through the collimating lens group and then is transmitted to the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber to acquire spectral data of the water body to be detected;
the single board computer is used for storing the spectrum data of the water body to be detected, and the built-in battery is used for supplying power to the single board computer and the optical fiber spectrometer.
2. The system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake of claim 1, further comprising an optical fiber switching structure;
the probe is internally and uniformly provided with different numbers of detection bins, and each detection bin is connected with the optical fiber switching structure and the optical fiber spectrometer through optical fibers;
in the same time, the optical fiber spectrometer can only receive the spectral data of the water body to be detected, which is transmitted by one optical fiber;
and the optical fiber switching structure is controlled to selectively receive the spectral data of the water body to be detected in any optical fiber.
3. The system for detecting the blue algae biomass spectrum in the three-dimensional lake according to claim 2, wherein the water inlet is provided with a filtering system;
the filtering system is used for filtering the water body to different degrees, so that different water bodies to be detected exist in different detection bins, and further detection of different water bodies to be detected is realized.
4. The spectroscopic detection system of blue algae biomass in a stereoscopic lake of claim 3, wherein the optical fiber is placed in a waterproof sealed bellows.
5. The system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to claim 4, wherein the host is placed on the water surface, and the probe is placed in an operation environment of 0m-2m under water.
6. The system for detecting blue algae biomass spectrum in a three-dimensional lake according to claim 5, wherein the optical fiber switching mechanism comprises an electric displacement table and a double-L-shaped structure; the double-L-shaped structure comprises a first L-shaped structure and a second L-shaped structure;
the electric displacement table is arranged on the bottom of the host;
the first L-shaped structure is arranged on the bottom of the host; the first L-shaped structure is provided with an optical fiber collimating lens which is connected with the detection bin through optical fibers respectively;
the second L-shaped structure is arranged on the electric displacement table; the second L-shaped structure is provided with an optical fiber focusing lens which is connected with the optical fiber spectrometer;
the electric displacement table is controlled by the stepping motor to move, so that the second L-shaped structure is driven to translate, and the optical fiber focusing lens on the second L-shaped structure and the different optical fiber collimating lenses on the first L-shaped structure are aligned respectively to finish optical path switching.
7. The spectroscopic detection system of blue algae biomass in a stereoscopic lake of claim 6, wherein the probe has a size of 160mm 80mm.
8. The system for detecting the blue algae biomass spectrum in the three-dimensional lake according to claim 7, wherein the detection spectrum range of the invention is as follows: 200-800nm.
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| CN202211501377.6A CN116183525A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Three-dimensional lake blue algae biomass spectrum detection system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117805109A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 江苏腾丰环保科技有限公司 | Water quality detection method and system based on texture feature recognition |
| CN117972304A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 泰山学院 | Remote sensing estimation method and system for total amount of phytoplankton group algae |
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2022
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117805109A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 江苏腾丰环保科技有限公司 | Water quality detection method and system based on texture feature recognition |
| CN117972304A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 泰山学院 | Remote sensing estimation method and system for total amount of phytoplankton group algae |
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