CN116183353A - Test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and a use method thereof, comprising a fixed base, wherein one side of the top end of the fixed base is fixedly provided with a supporting rod, the other side of the top end of the fixed base is fixedly provided with a plurality of bearing mechanisms, the middle part of the supporting rod is fixedly provided with a fixed plate, the surface of the fixed plate is provided with a probe hole, the plurality of bearing mechanisms comprise a telescopic lifting rod and a kernel support body, the top end of the telescopic lifting rod is fixedly provided with a kernel support connecting spring rod, and the test tool can effectively fix corn kernels to be tested and prevent the kernels from jumping away due to stress during the test; when the device is not used, the surface of the hard material table is smooth, the corn surface is also smooth, the friction force of the contact surface of the hard material table and the corn surface is small, and when the device is used for testing, the force from the probe acts on the grains, and the grains are not well fixed, so that the phenomenon that the grains slide away from the position to be tested often occurs.

Description

Test equipment and method of use for assisting in the determination of puncture strength of corn kernels

technical field

The invention relates to the field of measuring the puncture strength of corn kernels, in particular to a test tool and a use method for assisting the measurement of the puncture strength of corn kernels.

Background technique

Corn is one of the three major food crops in China. Mechanized grain harvesting is an inevitable trend of corn production. At present, the high rate of grain breakage is the main obstacle restricting the promotion and development of corn mechanical grain harvesting technology. In addition to being related to the moisture content of grain, grain breakage The rate is related to the mechanical index of the kernel itself. The researchers paid attention to the puncture strength of the embryo and the puncture strength of the endosperm of the corn kernel, and believed that the crushing rate of the corn kernel directly harvested mechanically was related to the puncture strength of the embryo and the puncture strength of the endosperm. This shows that the embryo puncture strength and endosperm puncture strength of corn kernels are related to the breakage rate of corn kernels directly harvested mechanically, that is to say, the puncture strength of corn kernel embryos and endosperm are important indicators for characterizing the breakage rate of corn kernels directly harvested mechanically. index.

Corn kernels have different shapes, such as wedge, egg and U shape. Divided into hard-grain type, horse-tooth type, semi-purine-tooth type, waxy type, burst type, silty type and sweet type, the hard-grain type has hard and full grains, smooth and shiny, and the horse-tooth type has flat and square grains Or rectangular, half-pursate-tooth-shaped grains with inconspicuous top depression or milky white dome, thick seed coat and rounded edges. Waxy grains are opaque, hard and smooth, dull and waxy; bursting grains are small and hard, with round grains or protruding tops; silty grains are similar in shape to hard grains, but dull; sweet grains The surface of the grain is sunken, the seed is shrunken, hard and translucent. It can be seen from the characteristics of the above corn kernels that the shape of the corn kernels is irregular, and there are great differences between different types of kernels.

Usually, when testing the puncture strength of embryo and endosperm, choose the stalk strength tester. The instrument is equipped with a probe with a cross-sectional area of ^1mm2 aimed at the embryo or endosperm of corn kernels. In principle, it should be ensured that the probe cross-section is consistent with The test surface of the test site is parallel to each other, that is, the probe is perpendicular to the test surface of the grain, and then the probe is slowly dropped, so that the probe penetrates the test material at a uniform speed, reads the value of the instrument, and completes the determination of the puncture strength of the embryo or endosperm.

However, in the actual operation process, due to the irregular shape of corn kernels, it is difficult to fix the corn kernels to be tested when measuring the puncture strength of corn germ or endosperm, which makes it difficult for the surface of the probe to maintain a parallel state with the plane of the corn kernel test site, resulting in The test results are inaccurate, or the grains slip away due to poor grain fixation in the middle of the test.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the test tool and the method of use of auxiliary corn grain puncture strength measurement, to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology but in the actual operation process, due to the irregular shape of corn kernels, when measuring the corn germ or endosperm puncture strength, It is difficult to fix the corn kernels to be tested, which makes it difficult to keep the surface of the probe parallel to the plane of the corn kernel test site, resulting in inaccurate test results, or the phenomenon that the kernels slip away due to poor fixation of the kernels in the middle of the test. The problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the test tool for assisting the determination of the puncture strength of corn kernels includes a fixed base, one side of the top of the fixed base is fixedly equipped with a support rod, and the other side of the top of the fixed base is Several bearing mechanisms are fixedly installed, and the middle part of the support rod is fixedly installed with a fixed plate, and the surface of the fixed plate is provided with probe holes. The top of the elevating rod is fixedly installed with a spring rod connected to the grain holder, the top of the spring rod connected to the grain holder is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the grain holder body, the telescopic elevating rod includes a fixed shell and a driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth, The inside of the fixed shell is fixedly equipped with a positioning plate, the middle part of the top of the positioning plate is rotatably connected with the bottom end of the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth, and the grain holder body can be tightly pressed on the fixed plate.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the internal thread of the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth is connected with a length rod slidingly connected with the positioning plate, the bottom end of the length rod is fixedly installed with a positioning plate, and the inner wall of the fixed shell One side of the shaft is connected with active umbrella-shaped helical teeth, and the thread on the inner wall of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth matches the thread on the inner wall of the length rod. The length rod is limited by the positioning plate, so that the length rod slides along the fixed shell, so that Adjust the length of the telescopic lifting rod.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the top of the length bar is fixedly connected to the spring bar connecting the seed holder, the middle part of the active umbrella-shaped helical teeth is fixedly installed with a lifting knob extending to the outside, and the active umbrella-shaped inclined teeth The outer side of the teeth meshes with the outer side of the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth. The corn kernel puncturer uses the hand to turn the lifting knob. The lifting knob drives the active umbrella-shaped helical teeth to rotate, and the active umbrella-shaped helical teeth drives the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth to rotate.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the main body of the grain holder is soft felt cloth.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, several bearing mechanisms are arranged in a square or a circle, among which one is directly below the probe hole, and the rest are evenly distributed outside the probe hole, in a square or circle arrangement.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fixed base, the fixed plate and the telescopic lifting rod are all made of stainless steel or hard plastic.

The present invention is for the use method of auxiliary corn kernel puncture strength determination test appliance, comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Selection of corn kernels to be tested: According to the purpose of the test, select intact kernels from the corn kernels to be tested, and representative kernels are used as the kernels to be tested, and wipe the surface of the selected kernels to make the surface of the kernels clean Clean and free of foreign matter;

Step 2. Mark the test site of the corn kernels for testing: according to the purpose of the experiment, determine the test site and the test site. After selecting the test site, mark the site to be tested on the corn kernel with a colored marker;

Step 3. Positioning of the test grains: place the test corn grains under the fixed plate, place the position with the marked point in the center of the probe hole, and then adjust the position of a telescopic lifting rod directly below the probe hole. length, so that the grain holder body can hold up the grains and fit closely with the back of the fixed plate, and then, use the lifting knob of the telescopic lifting rod to fix the length of the telescopic lifting rod whose height has been adjusted;

Step 4. Fixing the test grains: adjust the length of the telescopic lifting rods in a square or circular arrangement in turn, so that the grain support bodies of these telescopic lifting rods will hold up the testing grains, and make the grains fit closely with the back of the fixing plate;

Step 5, remove the central seed support: unscrew the fixed lifting knob of the central telescopic lifting rod in the third step, reduce the height of the central telescopic lifting rod, so that the grain support of the central telescopic lifting rod is separated from the corn grains for testing;

Step 6. Placement of the device: place the device under the stalk strength tester, so that the marking point in step 2 is placed directly under the probe;

Step 7: Test and record: Control the operating rod of the stalk strength tester so that the probe of the stalk strength tester passes through the grains to be tested at a slow and uniform speed, and record the value.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the testing site in the second step is the site where the probe probe is in contact with the seed and penetrates the seed.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. With the help of this device, it can ensure that the plane of the test point is parallel to the surface of the probe, that is, it can ensure that the probe can pass through the part of the grain to be tested vertically, so that the scientificity and accuracy of the data can be guaranteed. The probe of the dynamometer on the instrument is perpendicular to the base. When testing the material to be tested, the probe is usually perpendicular to the material to be tested, and the surface of the probe probe is parallel to the surface of the material to be tested. Under normal circumstances, the usual operation is to place the corn kernels to be tested on a hard material platform. Since the upper surface of the hard material platform is a plane and is perpendicular to the probe, when the other side of the corn kernel to be tested touches the hard material Because the shape of the corn grain is irregular, usually wedge-shaped, it is impossible to make the surface of the grain to be tested perpendicular to the probe, and the surface of the probe to be tested cannot be parallel to the surface of the grain to be tested. If the part to be tested is not perpendicular to the probe, but If it is at a certain angle, then the contact surface between the probe surface and the grain is not parallel, but at a certain angle, resulting in inaccurate measurement results;

2. It can effectively fix the corn kernels to be tested to prevent the kernels from jumping off due to force during the test; when the device is not used, because the surface of the hard material table is smooth, the surface of the corn is also relatively smooth, and the friction between the two contact surfaces is relatively high. Small, during the test, the force from the probe acts on the grains, and the grains often slip away from the position to be tested because the grains are not well fixed;

3. There is no support under the probe test site of the grain to be tested, so that the puncture strength of the probe test can be guaranteed to be the puncture strength of the part of the corn grain to be tested. In the case of testing without the aid of this device, it is usually operated as the corn grain to be tested. The measured corn kernels are placed on a hard material platform, so that when the probe penetrates the kernels downward, the hard material platform will also support the kernels when dragging and dropping the kernels, thus making the measurement results inaccurate;

4. The particle holder of this device is made of soft material, and several particle holders are evenly distributed around the probe hole. This design fully considers the irregular shape of the particle and effectively fixes it at different positions of the particle to be tested. grains, so that the grains to be tested fit perfectly under the fixed plate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the carrying mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic elevating rod of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Fixed base; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Support rod; 4. Probe hole; 5. Carrying mechanism; 532, limit plate; 533, positioning plate; 534, active umbrella-shaped helical teeth; 535, length bar; 536, driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth; 54, lifting knob.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1-4, the present invention provides the test tool for auxiliary corn grain puncture strength measurement, comprises fixed base 1, and one side of fixed base 1 top is fixedly equipped with support bar 3, and the other side of fixed base 1 top is fixed Several carrying mechanisms 5 are installed, and the middle part of support rod 3 is fixedly installed with fixed plate 2, and the surface of fixed plate 2 is provided with probe hole 4, and several carrying mechanisms 5 include telescopic elevating rod 53 and seed support body 51, telescopic elevating The top of bar 53 is fixedly installed with grain support and connects spring bar 52, and the top of grain support connection spring bar 52 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of grain support body 51, telescopic elevating bar 53 comprises fixed shell 531 and driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth 536, The inside of the fixed shell 531 is fixedly equipped with a positioning plate 533, the middle part of the positioning plate 533 top is rotationally connected with the bottom end of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth 536, and the grain holder body 51 can be tightly pressed and fitted on the fixed plate 2.

The inner thread of the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth 536 is connected with the length bar 535 slidingly connected with the positioning plate 533, the bottom end of the length bar 535 is fixedly installed with the limit plate 532, and one side of the fixed shell 531 inner wall is connected with the active umbrella-shaped inclined Teeth 534, the thread on the inner wall of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth 536 matches the thread on the inner wall of the length bar 535, and the length bar 535 is limited by the positioning plate 533, so that the length bar 535 slides along the fixed shell 531, so that the telescopic lifting The length of the rod 53 is adjusted.

The top of the length bar 535 is fixedly connected with the spring bar 52 connected with the seed holder, and the middle part of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth 534 is fixedly installed with a lifting knob 54 extending to the outside world, and the outer side of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth 534 is connected with the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth 536. The outer meshing connection of the corn grain puncture personnel uses the hand to rotate the lifting knob 54, the lifting knob 54 drives the driving umbrella-shaped helical teeth 534 to rotate, and the driving umbrella-shaped helical teeth 534 drives the driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth 536 to rotate.

The grain holder body 51 is a soft felt cloth.

Several supporting mechanisms 5 are arranged in a square or a circle, among which one is directly below the probe hole 4, and the rest are evenly distributed outside the bottom of the probe hole 4, and are arranged in a square or a circle.

The fixed base 1, the fixed plate 2 and the telescopic elevating rod 53 are all made of stainless steel or hard plastic.

The present invention is for the use method of auxiliary corn kernel puncture strength determination test appliance, comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Selection of corn kernels to be tested: According to the purpose of the test, select intact kernels from the corn kernels to be tested, and representative kernels are used as the kernels to be tested, and wipe the surface of the selected kernels to make the surface of the kernels clean Clean and free of foreign matter;

Step 2. Mark the test site of the corn kernels for testing: according to the purpose of the experiment, determine the test site and the test site. After selecting the test site, mark the site to be tested on the corn kernel with a colored marker;

Step 3. Positioning of the test grains: place the test corn grains under the fixed plate 2, place the position with the marked point in the center of the probe hole 4, and then adjust a telescopic button directly below the probe hole 4. The length of elevating rod 53 is such that its grain holder body 51 can hold up the grain, and closely fits with the back side of fixed plate 2, then, utilizes the elevating knob 54 of telescopic elevating rod 53 to adjust the height of elevating rod 53 of height. fixed length;

Step 4, fixation of the test grains: adjust the lengths of the telescopic elevating rods 53 in a square or circular arrangement successively, so that the grain holder bodies 51 of these telescopic elevating rods 53 will hold up the grains for testing, and make the grains and the back of the fixed plate 2 close fit;

Step 5, remove the central grain support: Unscrew the solid lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 in the third step, reduce the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53, so that the grain holder body 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is in line with the supply Trial corn kernel separation;

Step 6. Placement of the device: place the device under the stalk strength tester, so that the marking point in step 2 is placed directly under the probe;

Step 7: Test and record: Control the operating rod of the stalk strength tester so that the probe of the stalk strength tester passes through the grains to be tested at a slow and uniform speed, and record the value.

The test site in step 2 is the site where the probe probe contacts the grain and penetrates the grain.

Example 1:

When the present invention is in use: according to the purpose of the test, select the grains from the corn grains to be tested intact, and the representative grains are used as the grains for testing, and the surface of the selected grains for testing is wiped clean, so that the surface of the grains is clean and free of foreign matter. According to the purpose of the experiment, determine the test site and test site. After selecting the test site, use a colored marker to mark the test site of the corn kernels, and put the corn kernels to be tested under the fixed plate 2 , place the position with the marked point in the center of the probe hole 4, then adjust the length of a telescopic lifting rod 53 directly below the probe hole 4, so that the grain support body 51 can hold the grain, and The back side of the fixed plate 2 closely fits, and then, utilizes the lifting knob 54 of the telescopic lifting rod 53 to fix the length of the telescopic lifting rod 53 adjusted in height, and adjusts the length of the telescopic lifting rod 53 in a square or circular arrangement successively, so that these The grain holder body 51 of the telescopic lifting rod 53 will hold up the grains for testing, and make the grain and the back side of the fixed plate 2 fit tightly, unscrew the fixed lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53, and reduce the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 , so that the grain support body 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is separated from the corn grains to be tested, the device is placed under the stalk strength tester, the marking point is placed directly below the probe, and the operating rod of the stalk strength tester is controlled. Make the probe of the stalk strength tester slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a uniform speed, and record the values. The fixed base 1, the fixed plate 2 and the telescopic lifting rod 53 are all made of stainless steel.

Example 2:

When the present invention is in use: according to the purpose of the test, select the grains from the corn grains to be tested intact, and the representative grains are used as the grains for testing, and the surface of the selected grains for testing is wiped clean, so that the surface of the grains is clean and free of foreign matter. According to the purpose of the experiment, determine the test site and test site. After selecting the test site, use a colored marker to mark the test site of the corn kernels, and put the corn kernels to be tested under the fixed plate 2 , place the position with the marked point in the center of the probe hole 4, then adjust the length of a telescopic lifting rod 53 directly below the probe hole 4, so that the grain support body 51 can hold the grain, and The back side of the fixed plate 2 closely fits, and then, utilizes the lifting knob 54 of the telescopic lifting rod 53 to fix the length of the telescopic lifting rod 53 adjusted in height, and adjusts the length of the telescopic lifting rod 53 in a square or circular arrangement successively, so that these The grain holder body 51 of the telescopic lifting rod 53 will hold up the grains for testing, and make the grain and the back side of the fixed plate 2 fit tightly, unscrew the fixed lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53, and reduce the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 , so that the grain support body 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is separated from the corn grains to be tested, the device is placed under the stalk strength tester, the marking point is placed directly below the probe, and the operating rod of the stalk strength tester is controlled. Make the probe of the stalk strength tester slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a uniform speed, and record the values. The fixed base 1, the fixed plate 2 and the telescopic lifting rod 53 are all made of hard plastic materials.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement, comprising a fixed base (1), and characterized in that: one side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base (1) top has bracing piece (3), the opposite side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base (1) top has a plurality of to bear mechanism (5), the middle part fixed mounting of bracing piece (3) has fixed plate (2), probe hole (4) have been seted up on the surface of fixed plate (2), a plurality of bear mechanism (5) including flexible lifter (53) and seed holds in the palm body (51), the top fixed mounting of flexible lifter (53) has seed to hold in the palm to connect spring bar (52), the seed holds in the palm the top of connecting spring bar (52) and the bottom fixed connection of seed to hold in the palm body (51), flexible lifter (53) include fixed shell (531) and driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536), the inside fixed mounting of fixed shell (531) has locating plate (533), the middle part on locating plate (533) top is rotated with the bottom of driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536) and is connected.

2. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the inside threaded connection of driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536) has length pole (535) with locating plate (533) sliding connection, the bottom fixed mounting of length pole (535) has limiting plate (532), one side rotation of fixed casing (531) inner wall is connected with initiative umbrella form skewed tooth (534).

3. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 2, wherein: the top end of the length rod (535) is fixedly connected with a seed holder connecting spring rod (52), a lifting knob (54) extending to the outside is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth (534), and the outer side of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth (534) is meshed and connected with the outer side of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth (536).

4. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the particle support body (51) is soft felt cloth.

5. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the bearing mechanisms (5) are square or circular.

6. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed base (1), the fixed plate (2) and the telescopic lifting rod (53) are all made of stainless steel materials or hard plastics.

7. The method of using a test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:

step one, selecting tested corn kernels: selecting intact grains from corn grains to be tested, taking representative grains as test grains, and wiping the surfaces of the selected test grains to be clean, so that the surfaces of the grains are clean and free of foreign matters;

step two, marking the tested corn seed test part: determining a test part and a test site according to the experimental purposes, selecting the test site, and marking the to-be-tested site of the corn kernel by using a marker pen with color;

step three, positioning the test particles: placing corn grains to be tested under the fixed plate (2), placing the position with the mark point at the center of the probe hole (4), then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod (53) under the probe hole (4) to enable the grain support body (51) to support the grains and tightly attach the back of the fixed plate (2), and then fixing the length of the telescopic lifting rod (53) with the adjusted height by utilizing a lifting knob (54) of the telescopic lifting rod (53);

step four, fixing the test particles: the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods (53) which are square or circular are sequentially adjusted, so that the particle support bodies (51) of the telescopic lifting rods (53) support the tested particle and the particle is tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate (2);

step five, removing the central seed holders: unscrewing a fixed lifting knob (54) of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) in the third step, and reducing the height of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) so that a seed granule support (51) of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) is separated from corn seeds to be tested;

step six, placing the device: placing the device below a stalk strength tester, and placing the marking point in the second step below the probe;

step seven: testing and recording: and controlling an operating rod of the stalk strength tester, enabling a probe of the stalk strength tester to slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a constant speed, and recording the numerical value.

8. The method for using a test device for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement according to claim 7, wherein: and in the second step, the test site is the site where the probe head probe contacts with the seed particle and penetrates the seed particle downwards.

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