CN116183353A - Test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and a use method thereof, comprising a fixed base, wherein one side of the top end of the fixed base is fixedly provided with a supporting rod, the other side of the top end of the fixed base is fixedly provided with a plurality of bearing mechanisms, the middle part of the supporting rod is fixedly provided with a fixed plate, the surface of the fixed plate is provided with a probe hole, the plurality of bearing mechanisms comprise a telescopic lifting rod and a kernel support body, the top end of the telescopic lifting rod is fixedly provided with a kernel support connecting spring rod, and the test tool can effectively fix corn kernels to be tested and prevent the kernels from jumping away due to stress during the test; when the device is not used, the surface of the hard material table is smooth, the corn surface is also smooth, the friction force of the contact surface of the hard material table and the corn surface is small, and when the device is used for testing, the force from the probe acts on the grains, and the grains are not well fixed, so that the phenomenon that the grains slide away from the position to be tested often occurs.

Description

Test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of corn kernel puncture strength measurement, in particular to a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement and a use method thereof.

Background

Corn is one of three grain crops in China, mechanized grain harvest is a necessary trend of corn production, at present, high grain crushing rate is a main obstacle for limiting the popularization and development of a corn mechanical grain harvest technology, besides being related to grain moisture content, grain crushing rate is related to grain self mechanical indexes, researchers pay attention to embryo puncture strength and endosperm puncture strength of corn grains, and consider that the crushing rate of corn grain mechanical direct harvest is in a quadratic function relationship with embryo puncture strength and endosperm puncture strength, so that the embryo puncture strength and endosperm puncture strength of corn grains are related to the crushing rate of corn grain mechanical direct harvest, that is, the puncture strength of corn grain embryo and endosperm puncture strength are important indexes for representing the corn grain crushing rate of direct mechanical harvest.

The corn grains have different shapes, and are wedge-shaped, egg-shaped and U-shaped. The hard grain type seed grains are hard, full, smooth and glossy, the dent type seed grains are flat and square or rectangular, the top ends of the half dent type seed grains are not obvious or milky domes, the seed coats are thicker, and the edges are round. Waxy particles are opaque, hard and smooth, and dull and waxy; the burst type granule is small and hard, and the top of the granule type round or granule type granule is protruding; the appearance of the powdery particles is similar to that of hard particles, but the particles are matt; the surface of the sweet seed particles is concave, the seeds shrink, and the seeds are hard and semitransparent. The characteristics of the corn kernels are obvious that the corn kernels are irregular in shape, and different types of kernels are quite different.

In general, when the piercing strength of embryo and the piercing strength of endosperm are tested, a stalk strength tester is selected, the instrument is provided with a cross-sectional area of 1mm ² Is aligned with the embryo or endosperm of a corn kernelIn principle, the cross section of the probe and the testing surface of the testing part are ensured to be parallel to each other, namely, the probe is vertical to the testing surface of the grain, and then the probe slowly falls down to ensure that the probe penetrates through the tested material at a constant speed, and the numerical value of the instrument is read to finish the measurement of the puncture strength of embryo or endosperm.

However, in the actual operation process, because the shape of the corn grains is irregular, when the puncture strength of corn embryo or endosperm is measured, the corn grains to be tested are difficult to fix, the surface of the probe is difficult to keep in a parallel state with the plane of the corn grain testing part, the testing result is inaccurate, or the phenomenon that the corn grains slip off due to poor fixing effect of the corn grains in the middle of testing occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a test tool and a using method for assisting in measuring corn kernel puncture strength, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the surface of a probe is difficult to keep in a parallel state with the plane of a corn kernel test part, the test result is inaccurate, or the corn kernel slides away due to poor fixing effect in the middle of the test because of irregular corn kernel shape when measuring corn embryo or endosperm puncture strength.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a test tool for assisting corn grain puncture strength survey, includes unable adjustment base, one side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base top has the bracing piece, the opposite side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base top has a plurality of to bear the weight of the mechanism, the middle part fixed mounting of bracing piece has the fixed plate, the probe hole has been seted up on the surface of fixed plate, a plurality of bear the weight of the mechanism including flexible lifter and seed support body, the top fixed mounting of flexible lifter has seed support to connect the spring bar, the seed support connects the top of spring bar and the bottom fixed connection that the seed held in the palm the body, the flexible lifter includes fixed shell and driven umbrella form skewed tooth, the inside fixed mounting of fixed shell has the locating plate, the middle part on locating plate top is connected with the bottom rotation of driven umbrella form skewed tooth, and the seed holds in the palm the body can sticiss the laminating on the fixed plate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the inner thread of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth is connected with a length rod which is in sliding connection with the positioning plate, the bottom end of the length rod is fixedly provided with a limiting plate, one side of the inner wall of the fixed shell is rotationally connected with the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth, the thread of the inner wall of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth is matched with the thread of the inner wall of the length rod, and the length rod is limited by the positioning plate, so that the length rod slides along the fixed shell, and the length of the telescopic lifting rod is adjusted.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top end of the length rod is fixedly connected with the seed holder connecting spring rod, the middle part of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth is fixedly provided with a lifting knob extending to the outside, the outer side of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth is meshed and connected with the outer side of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth, a corn seed puncture personnel rotates the lifting knob by using a hand part, the lifting knob drives the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth to rotate, and the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth drives the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth to rotate.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the particle support body is soft felt cloth.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of bearing mechanisms are arranged in a square or round shape, wherein one bearing mechanism is arranged under the probe holes, and the rest bearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the outer side below the probe holes and are arranged in a square or round shape.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the fixed base, the fixed plate and the telescopic lifting rod are all made of stainless steel materials or hard plastics.

The invention provides a use method of a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement, which comprises the following steps:

step one, selecting tested corn kernels: selecting intact grains from corn grains to be tested, taking representative grains as test grains, and wiping the surfaces of the selected test grains to be clean, so that the surfaces of the grains are clean and free of foreign matters;

step two, marking the tested corn seed test part: determining a test part and a test site according to the experimental purposes, selecting the test site, and marking the to-be-tested site of the corn kernel by using a marker pen with color;

step three, positioning the test particles: placing corn grains to be tested under a fixed plate, placing the position with a marking point at the center of a probe hole, then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod under the probe hole to enable a grain support body of the telescopic lifting rod to support the corn grains and be tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate, and then fixing the length of the telescopic lifting rod with the adjusted height by utilizing a lifting knob of the telescopic lifting rod;

step four, fixing the test particles: sequentially adjusting the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods in square or round arrangement, so that the particle support bodies of the telescopic lifting rods support the test particles, and the particles are tightly attached to the back of the fixing plate;

step five, removing the central seed holders: the fixed lifting knob of the central telescopic lifting rod in the third step is unscrewed, the height of the central telescopic lifting rod is reduced, and the seed support of the central telescopic lifting rod is separated from the corn seeds to be tested;

step six, placing the device: placing the device below a stalk strength tester, and placing the marking point in the second step below the probe;

step seven: testing and recording: and controlling an operating rod of the stalk strength tester, enabling a probe of the stalk strength tester to slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a constant speed, and recording the numerical value.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the test site in the second step is the site where the probe head probe contacts with the seed particle and penetrates the seed particle downwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. by means of the device, the plane of a test point and the surface of the probe can be ensured to be parallel, namely, the probe can vertically penetrate through a part to be tested of the grains to be tested, so that the scientificity and the accuracy of data can be ensured, the probe of the dynamometer on the stalk strength tester is mutually perpendicular to the base, when the tested material is tested, the probe is generally perpendicular to the tested material, the surface of a probe head is parallel to the surface of the tested material, under the test condition without the aid of the device, the corn grains to be tested are generally operated to be placed on a hard material table, and because the upper surface of the hard material table is a plane and is perpendicular to the probe, when the other side of the part to be tested of the grains is contacted with the hard material table, the shape of the corn grains is irregular, the surface to be tested of the grains cannot be perpendicular to the probe, and if the part to be tested is not perpendicular to the probe, and the contact surface of the probe is not parallel to the grains to be at a certain angle, thus the measurement result is not accurate;

2. the corn grains to be tested can be effectively fixed, and the corn grains are prevented from jumping away due to stress during the test; when the device is not used, the surface of the hard material table is smooth, the corn surface is also smooth, the friction force of the contact surface of the hard material table and the corn surface is small, and during the test, the force from the probe acts on the grains, and the grains are not well fixed, so that the phenomenon that the grains slide away from the position to be tested often occurs;

3. the test device has the advantages that the support is not arranged below the probe test site of the test particle, so that the puncture strength of the probe test is ensured to be that of the corn particle to be tested, under the test condition without the aid of the test device, the corn particle to be tested is usually operated to be placed on a hard material table, and in the process that the probe penetrates the particle downwards, the hard material table also supports the particle when dragging and dropping the particle, so that the measurement result is not accurate enough;

4. the particle support of this device is soft material and makes, and several particle support evenly distributed around the probe hole, and such design fully considers the irregular characteristic of particle shape, effectively fixes the particle in the different positions of the particle that awaits measuring, makes the good laminating of particle that awaits measuring under the fixed plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the load bearing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a telescopic lifter according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of the use of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a fixed base; 2. a fixing plate; 3. a support rod; 4. a probe hole; 5. a carrying mechanism; 51. a pellet support body; 52. the seed support is connected with a spring rod; 53. a telescopic lifting rod; 531. a fixed case; 532. a limiting plate; 533. a positioning plate; 534. active umbrella-shaped helical teeth; 535. a length bar; 536. driven umbrella-shaped helical teeth; 54. and lifting the knob.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement, which comprises a fixed base 1, wherein one side of the top end of the fixed base 1 is fixedly provided with a supporting rod 3, the other side of the top end of the fixed base 1 is fixedly provided with a plurality of bearing mechanisms 5, the middle part of the supporting rod 3 is fixedly provided with a fixed plate 2, the surface of the fixed plate 2 is provided with a probe hole 4, the plurality of bearing mechanisms 5 comprise a telescopic lifting rod 53 and a kernel support body 51, the top end of the telescopic lifting rod 53 is fixedly provided with a kernel support connecting spring rod 52, the top end of the kernel support connecting spring rod 52 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the kernel support body 51, the telescopic lifting rod 53 comprises a fixed shell 531 and driven umbrella-shaped bevel teeth 536, a positioning plate 533 is fixedly arranged in the fixed shell 531, the middle part of the top end of the positioning plate 533 is rotationally connected with the bottom end of the driven umbrella-shaped bevel teeth 536, and the kernel support body 51 can be tightly pressed and attached on the fixed plate 2.

The inside threaded connection of driven umbrella-shaped skewed tooth 536 has the length pole 535 with locating plate 533 sliding connection, and the bottom fixed mounting of length pole 535 has limiting plate 532, and one side rotation of fixed shell 531 inner wall is connected with initiative umbrella-shaped skewed tooth 534, and the screw thread of driven umbrella-shaped skewed tooth 536 inner wall and the screw thread of length pole 535 inner wall match each other, and length pole 535 receives locating plate 533 spacing for length pole 535 takes place to slide along fixed shell 531, with this length to flexible lifter 53 adjusts.

The top end of the length rod 535 is fixedly connected with the seed holder connecting spring rod 52, the middle part of the driving umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 534 is fixedly provided with a lifting knob 54 which extends to the outside, the outer side of the driving umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 534 is meshed with the outer side of the driven umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 536, corn seed puncture personnel rotates the lifting knob 54 by using hands, the lifting knob 54 drives the driving umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 534 to rotate, and the driving umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 534 drives the driven umbrella-shaped inclined tooth 536 to rotate.

The pellet support body 51 is a soft felt.

The plurality of bearing mechanisms 5 are square or circular, wherein one bearing mechanism is arranged right below the probe holes 4, and the rest bearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the outer side below the probe holes 4 and are square or circular.

The fixing base 1, the fixing plate 2 and the telescopic lifter 53 are all made of stainless steel materials or hard plastics.

The invention provides a use method of a test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement, which comprises the following steps:

step one, selecting tested corn kernels: selecting intact grains from corn grains to be tested, taking representative grains as test grains, and wiping the surfaces of the selected test grains to be clean, so that the surfaces of the grains are clean and free of foreign matters;

step two, marking the tested corn seed test part: determining a test part and a test site according to the experimental purposes, selecting the test site, and marking the to-be-tested site of the corn kernel by using a marker pen with color;

step three, positioning the test particles: placing corn grains to be tested under the fixed plate 2, placing the position with a mark point at the center of the probe hole 4, then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod 53 under the probe hole 4 to enable the grain support body 51 to support the corn grains and tightly attach the corn grains to the back of the fixed plate 2, and then fixing the length of the telescopic lifting rod 53 with the adjusted height by utilizing a lifting knob 54 of the telescopic lifting rod 53;

step four, fixing the test particles: the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods 53 which are arranged in a square or round manner are sequentially adjusted, so that the particle support bodies 51 of the telescopic lifting rods 53 support the test particles, and the particles are tightly attached to the back surface of the fixed plate 2;

step five, removing the central seed holders: unscrewing a fixed lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 in the third step, and lowering the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 so that the seed support body 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is separated from the corn seeds to be tested;

step six, placing the device: placing the device below a stalk strength tester, and placing the marking point in the second step below the probe;

step seven: testing and recording: and controlling an operating rod of the stalk strength tester, enabling a probe of the stalk strength tester to slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a constant speed, and recording the numerical value.

And in the second step, the test site is the site where the probe head probe contacts with the seed particle and penetrates the seed particle downwards.

Example 1:

the invention is used when in use: selecting the corn grains to be tested to be intact according to the test purpose, taking representative corn grains as the test grains, wiping the surface of the selected test grains to clean the surface of the corn grains, determining a test part and a test site according to the test purpose, marking the test site on the corn grains to be tested by using a marking pen with color after selecting the test site, placing the corn grains to be tested under the fixed plate 2, placing the position with the marking point at the center of the probe hole 4, then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod 53 under the probe hole 4 to enable the grain support body 51 to support the corn grains to be tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate 2, and then utilizing the lifting knob 54 of the telescopic lifting rod 53, the length of the telescopic lifting rods 53 with the adjusted height is fixed, the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods 53 which are square or circular in arrangement are sequentially adjusted, the seed particle support bodies 51 of the telescopic lifting rods 53 support the tested seed particles, the seed particles are tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate 2, the fixed lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is unscrewed, the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is reduced, the seed particle support bodies 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 are separated from the tested corn seed particles, the device is placed below the stalk strength tester, a marking point is placed under the probe, the operation rod of the stalk strength tester is controlled, the probe of the stalk strength tester slowly passes through the tested seed particles at a uniform speed, the numerical value is recorded, and the fixed base 1, the fixed plate 2 and the telescopic lifting rod 53 are all made of stainless steel materials.

Example 2:

the invention is used when in use: selecting the corn grains to be tested to be intact according to the test purpose, taking representative corn grains as the test grains, wiping the surface of the selected test grains to clean the surface of the corn grains, determining a test part and a test site according to the test purpose, marking the test site on the corn grains to be tested by using a marking pen with color after selecting the test site, placing the corn grains to be tested under the fixed plate 2, placing the position with the marking point at the center of the probe hole 4, then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod 53 under the probe hole 4 to enable the grain support body 51 to support the corn grains to be tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate 2, and then utilizing the lifting knob 54 of the telescopic lifting rod 53, the length of the telescopic lifting rods 53 with the adjusted height is fixed, the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods 53 which are square or circular are sequentially adjusted, the seed particle support bodies 51 of the telescopic lifting rods 53 support the tested seed particles, the seed particles are tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate 2, the fixed lifting knob 54 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is unscrewed, the height of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 is reduced, the seed particle support bodies 51 of the central telescopic lifting rod 53 are separated from the tested corn seed particles, the device is placed under the stalk strength tester, a marking point is placed under the probe, the operation rod of the stalk strength tester is controlled, the probe of the stalk strength tester slowly passes through the tested seed particles at a uniform speed, the numerical values are recorded, and the fixed base 1, the fixed plate 2 and the telescopic lifting rod 53 are all made of hard plastic materials.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Test tool for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement, comprising a fixed base (1), and characterized in that: one side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base (1) top has bracing piece (3), the opposite side fixed mounting on unable adjustment base (1) top has a plurality of to bear mechanism (5), the middle part fixed mounting of bracing piece (3) has fixed plate (2), probe hole (4) have been seted up on the surface of fixed plate (2), a plurality of bear mechanism (5) including flexible lifter (53) and seed holds in the palm body (51), the top fixed mounting of flexible lifter (53) has seed to hold in the palm to connect spring bar (52), the seed holds in the palm the top of connecting spring bar (52) and the bottom fixed connection of seed to hold in the palm body (51), flexible lifter (53) include fixed shell (531) and driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536), the inside fixed mounting of fixed shell (531) has locating plate (533), the middle part on locating plate (533) top is rotated with the bottom of driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536) and is connected.

2. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the inside threaded connection of driven umbrella form skewed tooth (536) has length pole (535) with locating plate (533) sliding connection, the bottom fixed mounting of length pole (535) has limiting plate (532), one side rotation of fixed casing (531) inner wall is connected with initiative umbrella form skewed tooth (534).

3. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 2, wherein: the top end of the length rod (535) is fixedly connected with a seed holder connecting spring rod (52), a lifting knob (54) extending to the outside is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth (534), and the outer side of the driving umbrella-shaped helical tooth (534) is meshed and connected with the outer side of the driven umbrella-shaped helical tooth (536).

4. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the particle support body (51) is soft felt cloth.

5. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the bearing mechanisms (5) are square or circular.

6. The test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed base (1), the fixed plate (2) and the telescopic lifting rod (53) are all made of stainless steel materials or hard plastics.

7. The method of using a test device for assisting corn kernel penetration strength measurement according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:

step one, selecting tested corn kernels: selecting intact grains from corn grains to be tested, taking representative grains as test grains, and wiping the surfaces of the selected test grains to be clean, so that the surfaces of the grains are clean and free of foreign matters;

step two, marking the tested corn seed test part: determining a test part and a test site according to the experimental purposes, selecting the test site, and marking the to-be-tested site of the corn kernel by using a marker pen with color;

step three, positioning the test particles: placing corn grains to be tested under the fixed plate (2), placing the position with the mark point at the center of the probe hole (4), then adjusting the length of a telescopic lifting rod (53) under the probe hole (4) to enable the grain support body (51) to support the grains and tightly attach the back of the fixed plate (2), and then fixing the length of the telescopic lifting rod (53) with the adjusted height by utilizing a lifting knob (54) of the telescopic lifting rod (53);

step four, fixing the test particles: the lengths of the telescopic lifting rods (53) which are square or circular are sequentially adjusted, so that the particle support bodies (51) of the telescopic lifting rods (53) support the tested particle and the particle is tightly attached to the back of the fixed plate (2);

step five, removing the central seed holders: unscrewing a fixed lifting knob (54) of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) in the third step, and reducing the height of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) so that a seed granule support (51) of the central telescopic lifting rod (53) is separated from corn seeds to be tested;

step six, placing the device: placing the device below a stalk strength tester, and placing the marking point in the second step below the probe;

step seven: testing and recording: and controlling an operating rod of the stalk strength tester, enabling a probe of the stalk strength tester to slowly pass through the grains to be tested at a constant speed, and recording the numerical value.

8. The method for using a test device for assisting corn kernel puncture strength measurement according to claim 7, wherein: and in the second step, the test site is the site where the probe head probe contacts with the seed particle and penetrates the seed particle downwards.

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