CN116182432B - Overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without intermittent defrosting alternately - Google Patents

Overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without intermittent defrosting alternately Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116182432B
CN116182432B CN202310148620.9A CN202310148620A CN116182432B CN 116182432 B CN116182432 B CN 116182432B CN 202310148620 A CN202310148620 A CN 202310148620A CN 116182432 B CN116182432 B CN 116182432B
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way valve
valve
port
interface
way
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CN116182432A (en
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张吉礼
李瑞申
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar heat pumps, and provides a cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode. The cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without interruption by alternate defrosting can operate in four heat supply modes of a single-stage compressed air source, single-stage compressed PVT, cascade compressed air source and cascade compressed PVT, and can also operate three defrosting modes of fin defrosting for supplying heat for rooms without interruption and fin defrosting for supplying heat for rooms without interruption. The cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply has the advantages of strong working condition operation adaptability, higher heating efficiency, small room temperature fluctuation during defrosting, high comfort, higher equipment utilization rate, better system stability and higher photovoltaic cell power generation efficiency.

Description

Overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without intermittent defrosting alternately
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar heat pumps, in particular to an overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without interruption in alternate defrosting.
Background
PVT components which take low-temperature refrigerant as cooling medium are connected in parallel in a conventional air source heat pump system, and the PVT-air source heat pump system can be formed, is a novel heat supply mode for the renewable energy distributed type multi-energy complementary application of solar energy, air heat energy and the like, can overcome the defect that solar energy is influenced by weather conditions, is beneficial to improving the stability of the system, and has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction of buildings. The prior PVT-air source heat pump system still has the following two defects:
1. The operating conditions vary drastically, while the operating cycle mode is single: on the evaporation side of the heat pump, the change of the ambient temperature is caused by the alternation of the season rotation and day and night, especially the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic cell caused by the change of the illumination intensity in the morning and evening in the daytime is greatly changed, and the heat is applied to the evaporator, so that the evaporation pressure of the system is greatly changed. The existing PVT-air source heat pump system adopts single-stage compression circulation, and is not suitable for the alternate working condition of all seasons and day and night.
2. The fin evaporator has low defrosting efficiency and low heat exchanger equipment utilization rate: the PVT-air source heat pump system operates in a PVT heat supply mode in the daytime with illumination, and the heat dissipation of the photovoltaic cell under the illumination can greatly improve the temperature of the evaporator, so that the evaporator can be effectively prevented from frosting compared with the conventional air source heat pump system. In overcast and rainy days with weak illumination or at night with low temperature, the PVT-air source heat pump system is the same as the conventional air source heat pump system, and the fin evaporator still frosts. Reverse circulation defrosting is carried out, on one hand, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched, the high and low pressures of the system are reversed, severe impact is brought to the system, on the other hand, heat is absorbed from a heating room, the room temperature is reduced, the comfort in the room is directly affected, the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the surface temperature is as low as-20 to-25 ℃, and hot air cannot be blown out for a long time after the system recovers heat supply. The heat storage defrosting needs to be additionally provided with a heat storage heat exchanger in the system, and the conventional heat storage heat exchanger is limited by the problems of heat storage materials, structures and the like and cannot be widely popularized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the technical defects in the prior art, and provides an overlapping type compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without interruption in alternate defrosting, which can realize the switching of single and overlapping compression modes, PVT and air source modes, can realize the indoor heat extraction when a fin evaporator is defrosted, and can also supply heat continuously for the indoor.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: an overlapping type compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat intermittently by alternating defrosting comprises a low-temperature compressor 1-1, a high-temperature compressor 1-2, a fin evaporator, a PVT assembly 3, a throttle valve, a condensation evaporator 5, a one-way valve, a stop valve, a three-way valve, a condenser 10 and an inverter 11;
The PVT assembly 3 is connected with an inverter 11; one end of the PVT component 3 is respectively connected with the inlet of the third one-way valve 6-3 and the inlet of the second one-way valve 6-2; one end of the third one-way valve 6-3 outlet, the fourth one-way valve 6-4 inlet and the second stop valve 7-2 are respectively connected with a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8; the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is respectively connected with the outlet of the second one-way valve 6-2, the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 and the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4; the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1; the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is connected with the exhaust port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1; the other end of the second stop valve 7-2, the second interface of the condensing evaporator 5, the first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 and the first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 are respectively connected with the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2; the exhaust port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is connected with the second port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 through the condenser 10; the outlet of the fourth one-way valve 6-4 is connected with the first interface of the condensing evaporator 5; the third interface of the condensing evaporator 5 is connected with the first interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 through the fourth throttle valve 4-4; the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is connected with the inlet of the first one-way valve 6-1; the outlet of the first one-way valve 6-1 is respectively connected with a fourth interface of the condensing evaporator 5, one end of the first stop valve 7-1, a first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2; the other end of the first stop valve 7-1 is connected with the other end of the PVT component 3, a third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and a first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 through the first throttle valve 4-1 respectively; the second port of the first three-way valve 9-1 is connected to the second port of the third three-way valve 9-3 through the second throttle valve 4-2 and the first fin evaporator 2-1; the second port of the second three-way valve 9-2 is connected to the second port of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 through the third throttle valve 4-3 and the second fin evaporator 2-2.
The mode of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and supplying heat uninterruptedly is as follows: the first fin evaporator is used for defrosting when uninterrupted heat supply and defrosting are performed, and the second fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to the room; the second fin evaporator is used for defrosting when uninterrupted heat supply and defrosting are performed, and the first fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to the room; the first fin evaporator and the second fin evaporator for intermittent heat supply defrost simultaneously during the continuous heat supply defrost; single stage compression PVT heating mode; a single stage compressed air source heat supply mode; overlapping and compressing PVT heat supply modes; and a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode.
When the cascade type compression PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in continuous heat supply defrosting, the first fin evaporator is defrosted, the second fin evaporator is closed to continuously supply heat to a room, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are closed, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are both started, the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, and the photovoltaic cell 11 is used for power generation under the irradiation of a photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly under the condition of a user, and the photovoltaic cell 11 is adjusted by a user.
When the cascade type compression PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in continuous heat supply defrosting, the second fin evaporator is defrosted, when the first fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are closed, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are both started, the first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, the first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, and the photovoltaic cell 11 is used for power generation under the irradiation of a photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly, and the photovoltaic cell 11 is used for power generation and can be adjusted by a user under the irradiation.
When the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in continuous heat supply defrosting, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are closed, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, the first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is started, the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is stopped, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 are adjusted to be usable electricity by a user under irradiation.
When the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in a single-stage compressed PVT heat supply mode, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are opened, the second port of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the third port of the first three-way valve 9-1, the first port of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the second port of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second port of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third port of the third three-way valve 9-3, the second port of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third port of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the second port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the third port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the first port of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the fourth port of the four-way reversing valve 8, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is stopped, the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is started up under sunlight irradiation, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 are started up through the inverter 11 to be adjusted to be available for users to change electricity under the irradiation.
When the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are closed, the first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the low temperature compressor 1 is stopped, the photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 is started up by the high temperature compressor 1-2 to generate electricity under sunlight, and the photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 is adjusted by the inverter 11 to become usable electricity by a user.
When the cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in a cascade compression PVT heat supply mode, the first stop valve 7-1 is opened, the second stop valve 7-2 is closed, the second port of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the third port of the first three-way valve 9-1, the first port of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the second port of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second port of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third port of the third three-way valve 9-3, the second port of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third port of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the first port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the second port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the first port of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with the fourth port of the four-way reversing valve 8, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is started, the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is started, and the photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 is subjected to power generation under irradiation, and the power generation is adjusted to be changed to power by a user through the inverter 11.
When the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, the first stop valve 7-1 and the second stop valve 7-2 are closed, the first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the first interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-5, the third interface of the four-way valve 8 is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way valve 8, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are both communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way valve 8, the photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 generates electricity under irradiation, and the inverter 11 is adjusted to be turned on by a user.
The three-way valve is replaced by a plurality of stop valve combinations or a four-way reversing valve; the stop valve is an electromagnetic valve, a hand valve or a ball valve.
The cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and uninterruptedly supplying heat realizes six modes of operation of single-stage compression PVT heat supply, cascade compression PVT heat supply, single-stage compression air source heat supply, cascade compression air source heat supply, uninterruptedly supplying heat for defrosting, intermittently supplying heat for defrosting and the like according to the environmental temperature, illumination intensity and heat supply and defrosting requirements.
In the daytime of low illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, after the heat pump is operated for a period of time in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode or in an overlapping compressed air source heat supply mode, the fin evaporators need to be defrosted.
The invention alternately defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system first fin evaporator defrosting operation schematic diagram is shown in figure 2. At the moment, the first fin evaporator is defrosted, and the second fin evaporator absorbs heat to maintain the heat supply of the condenser.
The defrosting operation principle diagram of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system second fin evaporator with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is shown in figure 3. At the moment, the second fin evaporator is defrosted, and the first fin evaporator absorbs heat to maintain the heat supply of the condenser.
In the daytime of low illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, after the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and uninterruptedly supplying heat is operated for a period of time in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode or in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, the fin evaporator needs to defrost.
In the daytime with higher ambient temperature and illumination, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode operates in a single-stage compressed PVT heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 5.
In the daytime or the nighttime with weak illumination, which is higher in ambient temperature, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without interruption by alternate defrosting of the invention operates in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 6.
In the daytime with lower ambient temperature and illumination, the cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode operates in a cascade compression PVT heat supply mode, and an operation principle diagram is shown in figure 7.
In the daytime of low ambient temperature and weak illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and supplying heat without interruption operates in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode can operate in a single-stage compression PVT heating mode or a single-stage compression air source heating mode under the middle-greenhouse external environment in transitional seasons, and also can operate in a cascade compression PVT heating mode or a cascade compression air source heating mode under the low-temperature external environment in winter;
2. The cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode is provided with two fin evaporators, and when defrosting requirements exist after the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system runs for a long time in an air source heat supply cycle, two defrosting modes can be realized. First kind: the PVT assembly is used as a heat-taking heat source to operate the refrigerant reverse circulation to defrost one of the fin evaporators, and the other fin evaporator is used as the heat-taking heat source to operate the single-stage compression circulation to realize uninterrupted heat supply for a room; second kind: and the PVT assembly is used as a heat-taking source to operate the refrigerant reverse circulation to defrost the two fin evaporators simultaneously. In the two defrosting modes, heat is not required to be taken from a room, heat is taken from idle PVT components which are positioned outdoors and at the same environmental temperature, and the utilization rate of system equipment is higher by utilizing the PVT components which do not work; the first defrosting mode can also realize defrosting of the fin evaporator and simultaneously continuously supply heat to a room, so that the temperature fluctuation of the room is small and the temperature comfort is higher; in addition, the pressure change of the system before and after defrosting is slower, the impact force on the system is smaller, and the system stability is better.
3. The cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply operates in a cascade compression PVT heating mode under the outdoor environment with sufficient low-temperature illumination, the PVT component temperature is lower, and the photovoltaic cell power generation efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an alternating defrost uninterruptible heating cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-1, a low-temperature compressor; 1-2, a high temperature compressor; 2-1, a first fin evaporator; 2-2, a second fin evaporator; 3. a PVT component; 4-1, a first throttle valve; 4-2, a second throttle valve; 4-3, a third throttle valve; 4-4, a fourth throttle valve; 5. a condensing evaporator; 6-1, a first one-way valve; 6-2, a second one-way valve; 6-3, a third one-way valve; 6-4, a fourth one-way valve; 7-1, a first stop valve; 7-2, a second stop valve; 8. a four-way reversing valve; 9-1, a first three-way valve; 9-2, a second three-way valve; 9-3, a third three-way valve; 9-4, a fourth three-way valve; 9-5, a fifth three-way valve; 10. a condenser; 11. an inverter.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the alternating defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the invention, wherein the first fin evaporator is used for defrosting when the alternating defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is performed, and the second fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the alternating defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the invention, wherein the second fin evaporator is used for defrosting when the alternating defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is performed, and the first fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the simultaneous defrosting operation of a first fin evaporator and a second fin evaporator for intermittent heat supply in the continuous heat supply defrosting of an overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for intermittent heat supply of the alternate defrosting of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention operating in a single stage compressed PVT heating mode with alternating defrost and uninterrupted heat supply;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention operating in a single stage compressed air source heat supply mode with alternating defrost and uninterrupted heat supply;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention operating in a cascade compression PVT heating mode with alternating defrost and uninterrupted heating;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention operating in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode with alternating defrost and uninterrupted heat supply;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the condensing evaporator interface in the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system of the present invention with alternating defrost without intermittent heating;
In the figure: 5a, condensing the first interface of the evaporator; 5b, condensing the second interface of the evaporator; 5c, condensing the third interface of the evaporator; and 5d, condensing the fourth interface of the evaporator.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a four-way reversing valve interface in an uninterruptible heat supply cascade compression PVT heat pump system of the present invention;
in the figure: 8a, a first interface of the four-way reversing valve; 8b, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve; 8c, a third interface of the four-way reversing valve; 8d, a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-way regulator valve interface in an uninterruptible defrost cascade compression PVT heat pump system of the present invention.
In the figure: 9a, a first interface of the three-way regulating valve; 9b, a second interface of the three-way regulating valve; 9c, a third interface of the three-way regulating valve.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "high pressure", "medium pressure" and "low pressure" are to be understood in a broad sense as referring to the relative values of the pressures in the same refrigerant circuit, for example, in a cascade heating mode, "high pressure", "medium pressure" in the high temperature circuit refer to the relative values in the same high temperature refrigerant circuit, the pressure between the high temperature compressor suction port and the throttle outlet is medium pressure, the pressure between the high temperature compressor discharge port and the throttle inlet is high pressure, the "medium pressure", "low pressure" in the low temperature circuit refer to the relative values in the same low temperature refrigerant circuit, the pressure between the low temperature compressor suction port and the throttle outlet is low pressure, and the pressure between the low temperature compressor discharge port and the throttle inlet is medium pressure.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The principle diagram of the cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system with alternate defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply is shown in figure 1, and the system comprises a low-temperature compressor 1-1, a high-temperature compressor 1-2, a first fin evaporator 2-1, a second fin evaporator 2-2, a PVT assembly 3, a first throttle valve 4-1, a second throttle valve 4-2, a third throttle valve 4-3, a fourth throttle valve 4-4, a condensation evaporator 5, a first check valve 6-1, a second check valve 6-2, a third check valve 6-3, a fourth check valve 6-4, a first stop valve 7-1, a second stop valve 7-2, a first three-way valve 9-1, a second three-way valve 9-2, a third three-way valve 9-3, a fourth three-way valve 9-4, a fifth three-way valve 9-5, an indoor heat exchanger 10 and an inverter 11. The exhaust port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is connected with the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is connected with the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is connected with the outlet of the second one-way valve 6-2, the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 and the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is connected with the outlet of the third one-way valve 6-3, the inlet of the fourth one-way valve 6-4 and one end of the second stop valve 7-2, the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is connected with the other end of the second stop valve 7-2, the first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 and the second interface of the condensing evaporator 5, and the exhaust port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is connected with the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 10; the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 10 is connected with a second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, a first interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is connected with a third interface of the condensation evaporator 5 through the fourth throttle valve 4-4, a third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is connected with an inlet of the first one-way valve 6-1, an outlet of the first one-way valve 6-1 is connected with the fourth interface of the condensation evaporator 5, one end of a first stop valve 7-1, a first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the first stop valve 7-1 is connected with one end of the PVT assembly 3 through the first throttle valve 4-1, the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and the first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is connected with the first fin evaporator 2-1 through the second throttle valve 4-2, and the second three-way valve 9-2 is connected with the third fin evaporator 2 through the third interface of the second throttle valve 4-2; the other end of the first fin evaporator 2-1 is connected with a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, the other end of the second fin evaporator 2-2 is connected with a second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the other end of the PVT component 3 is connected with an inlet of the second one-way valve 6-2 and an inlet of the third one-way valve 6-3, an outlet of the fourth one-way valve 6-4 is connected with a first interface of the condensing evaporator 5, and the PVT component 3 is connected with the inverter 11.
The cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and uninterruptedly supplying heat realizes six modes of operation of single-stage compression PVT heat supply, cascade compression PVT heat supply, single-stage compression air source heat supply, cascade compression air source heat supply, uninterruptedly supplying heat for defrosting, intermittently supplying heat for defrosting and the like according to the environmental temperature, illumination intensity and heat supply and defrosting requirements.
In the daytime of low illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, after the heat pump of the invention operates for a period of time in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode or in an overlapping compressed air source heat supply mode, the fin evaporators need to be defrosted, and when the overlapping compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and uninterruptedly supplying heat operates in an uninterruptedly supplying heat defrosting mode, namely, the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2 defrost in sequence.
The invention alternately defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply cascade type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system first fin evaporator 2-1 defrosting operation schematic diagram is shown in figure 2. At this time, the first fin evaporator 2-1 is defrosted, and the second fin evaporator 2-2 absorbs heat to maintain the indoor heat exchanger 10 to supply heat. Closing a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, both the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are started, a second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with the third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, a second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 generate electricity under sunlight irradiation and are adjusted by the inverter 11 to be usable electricity by a user;
Refrigerant thermodynamic process: one end of the PVT component 3 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted into high-pressure overheat gas through the low-temperature compressor 1-1 to be fed into the first fin evaporator 2-1 through the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 and the second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 by virtue of the third one-way valve 6-3, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 and the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1; the high-pressure superheated gas heats fins in the first fin evaporator 2-1 to become high-pressure liquid, meanwhile, frost layers on the surfaces of the fins are heated and melted, the high-pressure liquid flowing out of the first fin evaporator 2-1 is expanded and depressurized through the second throttle valve 4-2 to become low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant sequentially enters the other end of the PVT assembly 3 from the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1; the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs heat in the PVT assembly 3 and outdoor air in the PVT assembly 3 and then becomes low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is output from one end of the PVT assembly 3 to finish the defrosting cycle of the first fin evaporator 2-1;
While the first fin evaporator 2-1 is defrosted, the second fin evaporator 2-2 absorbs heat to continue to supply heat to the room in a single stage compression cycle; the second fin evaporator 2-2 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2 through the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 and the first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted to be changed into high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas which enters the indoor heat exchanger 10, the high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10 and is condensed into high-pressure liquid at the same time, and the high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas enters the third throttle valve 4-3 through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the first one-way valve 6-1, the third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 and the second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2; the high-pressure liquid is expanded and depressurized through a third throttle valve 4-3 and then becomes low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter a second fin evaporator 2-2, the liquid is evaporated and absorbed in the outdoor air in the second fin evaporator 2-2 and then becomes low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to be output, and the heating cycle is completed.
The invention alternately defrosting and uninterrupted heat supply cascade type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system second fin evaporator 2-2 defrosting operation schematic diagram is shown in figure 3. At this time, the second fin evaporator 2-2 is defrosted, and the first fin evaporator 2-1 absorbs heat to maintain the indoor heat exchanger 10 to supply heat. Closing a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, both the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are started, a first interface of a first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with a second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a first interface of a second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a first interface of a third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with a third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, a second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with a third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 generate electricity under sunlight irradiation and are adjusted by the inverter 11 to be usable electricity by a user;
Refrigerant thermodynamic process: one end of the PVT component 3 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted into high-pressure overheat gas by the low-temperature compressor 1-1 through the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1, the third unidirectional valve 6-3, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 and the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas enters the second fin evaporator 2-2 through the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 and the second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4; the high-pressure superheated gas heats fins in the second fin evaporator 2-2 to become high-pressure liquid, meanwhile, frost layers on the surfaces of the fins are heated and melted, the high-pressure liquid flowing out of the second fin evaporator 2-2 is expanded and depressurized through the third throttle valve 4-3 to become low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant enters the other end of the PVT assembly 3 through the second port of the second three-way valve 9-2 and the first port of the second three-way valve 9-2; the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs heat in the PVT assembly 3 and outdoor air in the PVT assembly 3 and then is changed into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to be output, and the defrosting cycle of the second fin evaporator 2-2 is completed;
While the second fin evaporator 2-2 is defrosted, the first fin evaporator 2-1 absorbs heat to continue to supply heat to the room in a single stage compression cycle; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas output by the first fin evaporator 2-1 sequentially passes through a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 and a first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 to an air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor 1-2 to become high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas, the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas enters the indoor heat exchanger 10, indoor air is heated in the indoor heat exchanger 10 and is condensed into high-pressure liquid at the same time, the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas enters the second throttle valve 4-2 through the second port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the third port of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the first one-way valve 6-1 and the first port of the first three-way valve 9-1, and the second throttle valve 4-2 expands and reduces pressure to become low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant is evaporated and absorbed in outdoor air in the first fin evaporator 2-1 to become low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas and is output, so that the heating cycle is completed.
In the daytime of low illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, after the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and uninterruptedly supplying heat is operated for a period of time in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode or in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, the fin evaporator needs to defrost. Closing a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a second interface of a first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with a third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a first interface of a second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a second interface of a third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with a third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a low-temperature compressor 1-1 is started, a high-temperature compressor 1-2 is stopped, and a photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 generates electricity under sunlight irradiation and is adjusted to be usable electricity by a user through an inverter 11;
the refrigerant thermodynamic process is as follows: one end of the PVT component 3 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1 through the third one-way valve 6-3, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 and the second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8; the low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the low-temperature compressor 1-1 to become high-pressure overheat gas, and sequentially passes through a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 and a first interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 to enter the first fin evaporator 2-1 through the third three-way valve 9-3 and enter the second fin evaporator 2-2 through the fourth three-way valve 9-4; the high-pressure superheated gas heats fins in the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2 to be changed into high-pressure liquid, meanwhile, the surface of the fins is melted by a hot frost layer, the high-pressure liquid flowing out of the first fin evaporator 2-1 is expanded and depressurized through the second throttle valve 4-2 to be changed into low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant enters the other end of the PVT component 3 from the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and the third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1; the high-pressure liquid flowing out of the second fin evaporator 2-2 is expanded and depressurized through the third throttle valve 4-3 to become low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant enters the other end of the PVT component 3 from the second port of the second three-way valve 9-2 and the first port of the second three-way valve 9-2; the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant is output from one end of the PVT assembly 3 after absorbing heat in the PVT assembly 3 and outdoor air and changing into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2 complete the defrosting cycle at the same time.
In the daytime with higher ambient temperature and illumination, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode operates in a single-stage compressed PVT heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 5. Opening a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a second interface of a first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with a third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a second interface of a third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with a third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a second interface of a fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with a third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, a second interface of a fifth three-way valve 9-5 is communicated with a third interface of a fifth three-way valve 9-5, a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is stopped, the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is started, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 generate electricity under sunlight irradiation, and the photovoltaic cells are adjusted by the inverter 11 to become electricity usable by a user;
The refrigerant thermodynamic process is as follows: the PVT component 3 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas which sequentially passes through a third one-way valve 6-3 and a second stop valve 7-2 to an air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor 1-2 to be changed into high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas which enters the indoor heat exchanger 10; the high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10 to generate a heating phenomenon and is condensed into high-pressure liquid at the same time; the high-pressure liquid enters the first throttle valve 4-1 through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the first one-way valve 6-1 and the first stop valve 7-1; the high-pressure liquid is expanded and depressurized through the first throttle valve 4-1 and then becomes low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter the other end of the PVT assembly 3, the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs the heat of the photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 and becomes low-temperature refrigerant gas to be output from one end of the PVT assembly 3, and the heating cycle is completed. The photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 generate electricity under sunlight, and the electricity is changed into electricity which can be used by a user through the inverter 11.
In the daytime or the nighttime with weak illumination, which is higher in ambient temperature, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without interruption by alternate defrosting of the invention operates in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 6. Closing a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with a second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a first interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a first interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with a second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, the low-temperature compressor 1-1 is stopped, the high-temperature compressor 1-2 is started, and a photovoltaic cell in the PVT assembly 3 generates electricity under sunlight irradiation and is changed into electricity which can be used by a user through adjustment of the inverter 11;
The refrigerant thermodynamic process is as follows: the first fin evaporator 2-1 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the second fin evaporator 2-2 outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2 through the third three-way valve 9-3 and the fourth three-way valve 9-4 respectively; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor 1-2 to be changed into high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas, and the high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas enters the indoor heat exchanger 10; the high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10 to generate a heating phenomenon and is condensed into high-pressure liquid at the same time; the high-pressure liquid is divided into two branches after passing through a second interface of a fifth three-way valve 9-5, a third interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 and a first one-way valve 6-1, one branch sequentially passes through the first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and the second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 to enter a second throttle valve 4-2, and the high-pressure liquid is changed into low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant after being expanded and depressurized by the second throttle valve 4-2 to enter the first fin evaporator 2-1; the other branch sequentially passes through a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 and a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 to enter a third throttle valve 4-3, and high-pressure liquid is expanded and depressurized through the third throttle valve 4-3 to become low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter the second fin evaporator 2-2; the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant is evaporated in the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2 to absorb heat in outdoor air, and then is changed into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas which is respectively output from the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2, so that the heat supply cycle is completed.
In the daytime with lower ambient temperature and illumination, the cascade compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat in an alternating defrosting and uninterrupted mode operates in a cascade compression PVT heat supply mode, and an operation principle diagram is shown in figure 7. Opening a first stop valve 7-1, closing a second stop valve 7-2, communicating a second interface of a first three-way valve 9-1 with a third interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, communicating a first interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 with a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, communicating a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 with a third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, communicating a second interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4 with a third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, communicating a first interface of a fifth three-way valve 9-5 with a second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, communicating a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 with a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, and communicating a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, starting up the low-temperature compressor 1-2, generating electricity by photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly 3 under irradiation, and being adjusted by the inverter 11 to electricity usable by a user;
The refrigerant thermodynamic process is as follows: low temperature refrigerant cycle: the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is output from one end of the PVT component 3, is compressed and boosted to be medium-pressure overheat gas through the low-temperature compressor 1-1 to be converted into medium-pressure overheat gas through the second one-way valve 6-2, the first four-way reversing valve 8 and the second four-way reversing valve 8 to be discharged to the first port of the condensation evaporator 5, the medium-pressure overheat gas transfers the heat of the low-temperature loop to the high-temperature loop of the condensation evaporator 5 to be condensed to be medium-pressure liquid, flows out of the fourth port of the condensation evaporator 5, enters the first throttle valve 4-1 through the first stop valve 7-1, is expanded and decompressed to be low-pressure gas-liquid mixture to be input to the other end of the PVT component 3 through the first throttle valve 4-1, and the low-pressure gas-liquid mixture absorbs the heat of the photovoltaic cell and the heat of the outdoor air to be low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to be output from one end of the PVT component 3 to complete the low-temperature loop circulation. High temperature refrigerant cycle: the second interface of the condensing evaporator 5 outputs medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2, the medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor 1-2 to become high-pressure superheated gas, the high-pressure superheated gas enters the indoor heat exchanger 10, the high-pressure superheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10 to generate a heating phenomenon, and simultaneously, the high-pressure superheated gas is condensed into high-pressure liquid which enters the fourth throttle valve 4-4 through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 and the first interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the high-pressure liquid is expanded and depressurized through a fourth throttle valve 4-4 and then is changed into medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant enters a third interface of the condensing evaporator 5, the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs low-temperature loop heat in the condensing evaporator 5 and is changed into medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas, and the medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas is output from the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, so that high-temperature loop circulation is completed.
In the daytime of low ambient temperature and weak illumination or in the nighttime of no illumination, the cascade compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for alternately defrosting and supplying heat without interruption operates in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, and the operation principle diagram is shown in figure 8. Closing a first stop valve 7-1 and a second stop valve 7-2, wherein a first interface of a first three-way valve 9-1 is communicated with a second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1, a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 is communicated with a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2, a second interface of the third three-way valve 9-3 is communicated with a third interface of the third three-way valve 9-3, a second interface of a fourth three-way valve 9-4 is communicated with a third interface of the fourth three-way valve 9-4, a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 is communicated with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, and both the low-temperature compressor 1-1 and the high-temperature compressor 1-2 are started;
The refrigerant thermodynamic process is as follows: low temperature refrigerant cycle: the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2 output low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas respectively passes through a third three-way valve 9-3 and a fourth three-way valve 9-4 to a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 8 and passes through a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 to an air suction port of the low-temperature compressor 1-1; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted to become medium-pressure overheat gas, the medium-pressure overheat gas is discharged to a first interface of the condensation evaporator 5 through a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 8, a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 8 and a fourth one-way valve 6-4, the medium-pressure overheat gas transfers heat of a low-temperature loop to a high-temperature loop of the condensation evaporator 5 and is condensed to medium-pressure liquid, the medium-pressure overheat gas flows out of the fourth interface of the condensation evaporator 5 and is branched, one branch sequentially passes through a first interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 and a second interface of the first three-way valve 9-1 to enter the second throttle valve 4-2, and the medium-pressure overheat gas is expanded and decompressed through the second throttle valve 4-2 and becomes low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter the first fin evaporator 2-1; the other branch sequentially passes through a third interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 and a second interface of the second three-way valve 9-2 to enter a third throttle valve 4-3, and the refrigerant is changed into low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter the second fin evaporator 2-2 after being expanded and decompressed by the third throttle valve 4-3; the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in outdoor air in the first fin evaporator 2-1 and the second fin evaporator 2-2, and is output after being changed into low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, so that low-temperature loop circulation is completed. High temperature refrigerant cycle: the second interface of the condensing evaporator 5 outputs medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor 1-2, the medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor 1-2 to become high-pressure superheated gas, the high-pressure superheated gas enters the indoor heat exchanger 10, the high-pressure superheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10 to generate a heating phenomenon, and simultaneously, the high-pressure superheated gas is condensed into high-pressure liquid which enters the fourth throttle valve 4-4 through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5 and the first interface of the fifth three-way valve 9-5, the refrigerant is expanded and depressurized through a fourth throttle valve 4-4 and then is changed into medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter a third interface of the condensation evaporator 5, the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs low-temperature loop heat in the condensation evaporator 5 and becomes medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas to be output from the second interface of the condensation evaporator 5, and high-temperature loop circulation is completed.
The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve can be a plurality of stop valve combinations or four-way reversing valves.
The PVT component can be flat box type, tube plate type, inflation plate type or flat plate type.
The compressor is any one of a scroll compressor, a rotor compressor, a screw compressor and a piston compressor.
As shown in fig. 9, the specific positions of the joints of the condensation evaporator are as follows, namely, a first joint 5a of the condensation evaporator, a second joint 5b of the condensation evaporator, a third joint 5c of the condensation evaporator, and a fourth joint 5d of the condensation evaporator.
As shown in fig. 10, the specific positions of the ports of the four-way reversing valve are as follows, namely, a first port 8a of the four-way reversing valve, a second port 8b of the four-way reversing valve, a third port 8c of the four-way reversing valve, and a fourth port 8d of the four-way reversing valve.
As shown in fig. 11, the ports of the three-way regulator valve are specifically located as follows, namely, a three-way regulator valve first port 9a, a three-way regulator valve second port 9b, and a three-way regulator valve third port 9c. When the second port 9b of the three-way regulating valve is communicated with the first port 9a of the three-way regulating valve, the third port 9c of the three-way regulating valve is not communicated with the first port 9a of the three-way regulating valve and the second port 9b of the three-way regulating valve, and when the second port 9b of the three-way regulating valve is communicated with the third port 9c of the three-way regulating valve, the first port 9a of the three-way regulating valve is not communicated with the second port 9b of the three-way regulating valve and the third port 9c of the three-way regulating valve.
The low-temperature expansion valve, the high-temperature expansion valve and the precooling expansion valve are electronic expansion valves, thermal expansion valves, capillary tubes or orifice plate throttling devices.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. An overlapping type compression PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat intermittently by alternating defrosting is characterized by comprising a low-temperature compressor (1-1), a high-temperature compressor (1-2), a fin evaporator, a PVT component (3), a throttle valve, a condensation evaporator (5), a one-way valve, a stop valve, a three-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger (10) and an inverter (11);
The PVT assembly (3) is connected with the inverter (11); one end of the PVT component (3) is respectively connected with the inlet of the third one-way valve (6-3) and the inlet of the second one-way valve (6-2); one end of the outlet of the third one-way valve (6-3), the inlet of the fourth one-way valve (6-4) and one end of the second stop valve (7-2) are respectively connected with a third interface of the four-way reversing valve (8); the first interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) is respectively connected with the outlet of the second one-way valve (6-2), the third interface of the third three-way valve (9-3) and the third interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4); the second interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature compressor (1-1); the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) is connected with the exhaust port of the low-temperature compressor (1-1); the other end of the second stop valve (7-2), a second interface of the condensing evaporator (5), a first interface of the third three-way valve (9-3) and a first interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) are respectively connected with an air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2); the exhaust port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2) is connected with the second port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) through the indoor heat exchanger (10); the outlet of the fourth one-way valve (6-4) is connected with the first interface of the condensing evaporator (5); the third interface of the condensing evaporator (5) is connected with the first interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) through the fourth throttle valve (4-4); the third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) is connected with the inlet of the first one-way valve (6-1); the outlet of the first one-way valve (6-1) is respectively connected with a fourth interface of the condensing evaporator (5), one end of the first stop valve (7-1), a first interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) and a third interface of the second three-way valve (9-2); the other end of the first stop valve (7-1) is connected with the other end of the PVT component (3), a third interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) and a first interface of the second three-way valve (9-2) through the first throttle valve (4-1) respectively; the second port of the first three-way valve (9-1) is connected to the second port of the third three-way valve (9-3) through the second throttle valve (4-2) and the first fin evaporator (2-1); the second port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is connected to the second port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) through the third throttle valve (4-3) and the second fin evaporator (2-2); when the system is in uninterrupted heat supply defrosting, a first fin evaporator is defrosted, a second fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room, a first stop valve (7-1) and a second stop valve (7-2) are closed, a first port of a four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a fourth port of the four-way reversing valve (8), a second port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a third port of the four-way reversing valve (8), both the low-temperature compressor (1-1) and the high-temperature compressor (1-2) are started, a second port of the first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with the third port of the first three-way valve (9-1), a second port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with the third port of the second three-way valve (9-3), a first port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with the second port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), a fifth three-way valve (9-5) is communicated with the third port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) through a photovoltaic cell (11) in an inverter assembly, and the photovoltaic cell (11) is used for power generation and is changed; when the system is in uninterrupted heat supply defrosting, the first fin evaporator is defrosted, and the second fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room, one end of the PVT assembly (3) outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is connected to an air suction port of the low-temperature compressor (1-1) through a third one-way valve (6-3), a third interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) and a second interface of the four-way reversing valve (8); the second fin evaporator (2-2) outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2) through a second interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) and a first interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4); the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger (10) and is condensed into high-pressure liquid, and the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas enters the third throttle valve (4-3) through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the first one-way valve (6-1), the third interface of the second three-way valve (9-2) and the second interface of the second three-way valve (9-2);
When the system is in uninterrupted heat supply defrosting, the second fin evaporator is defrosted, when the first fin evaporator is used for continuously supplying heat to a room, the first stop valve (7-1) and the second stop valve (7-2) are closed, the first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with the fourth port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the second port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with the third port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the low-temperature compressor (1-1) and the high-temperature compressor (1-2) are both started, the first port of the first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with the second port of the first three-way valve (9-1), the first port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with the second port of the second three-way valve (9-2), the first port of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with the third port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), the second port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) is communicated with the third port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) through a photovoltaic cell, and the photovoltaic cell (11) is used for power generation and is changed under the condition of the power generation assembly; when the system is in uninterrupted heat supply defrosting, the second fin evaporator is defrosted, and when the first fin evaporator continuously supplies heat to a room, one end of the PVT component (3) outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is connected to an air suction port of the low-temperature compressor (1-1) through a third one-way valve (6-3), a third interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) and a second interface of the four-way reversing valve (8); the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas output by the first fin evaporator (2-1) sequentially passes through a second interface of the third three-way valve (9-3) and a first interface of the third three-way valve (9-3) to an air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2); the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger (10) and is condensed into high-pressure liquid, and the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas enters the second throttle valve (4-2) through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the first one-way valve (6-1), the first interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) and the second interface of the first three-way valve (9-1);
When the system is in continuous heat supply defrosting, the first fin evaporator and the second fin evaporator are in continuous heat supply defrosting, the first stop valve (7-1) and the second stop valve (7-2) are closed, the first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with the fourth port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the second port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with the third port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the second port of the first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with the third port of the first three-way valve (9-1), the first port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with the second port of the second three-way valve (9-2), the second port of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with the third port of the third three-way valve (9-3), the second port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with the third port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), the low-temperature compressor (1-1) is started, the high-temperature compressor (1-2) is stopped, and the photovoltaic cell (3) is subjected to power generation through the inverter (11) under irradiation;
When the system is in a single-stage compression PVT heating mode, a first stop valve (7-1) and a second stop valve (7-2) are opened, a second port of the first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with a third port of the first three-way valve (9-1), a first port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with a second port of the second three-way valve (9-2), a second port of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with a third port of the third three-way valve (9-3), a second port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with a third port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), a second port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) is communicated with a third port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), a first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a second port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the third port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a fourth port of the four-way valve (9-2), the low-temperature compressor (1-1) is stopped, the high-temperature compressor (1-2) is started up, and the photovoltaic cell (3) is turned on by a user under the power generation condition that the photovoltaic cell (11) is irradiated by an inverter; when the system is in a single-stage compression PVT heat supply mode, the PVT assembly (3) outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas which sequentially passes through a third one-way valve (6-3) and a second stop valve (7-2) to an air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2), and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is compressed and boosted by the high-temperature compressor (1-2) to be changed into high-pressure high-temperature superheated gas which enters the indoor heat exchanger (10); the high-pressure high-temperature overheated gas heats indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger (10) to generate a heating phenomenon and is condensed into high-pressure liquid; the high-pressure liquid enters the first throttle valve (4-1) through the second interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the first one-way valve (6-1) and the first stop valve (7-1); the high-pressure liquid is expanded and depressurized through a first throttle valve (4-1) and then becomes low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter the other end of the PVT component (3);
When the system is in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode, a first stop valve (7-1) and a second stop valve (7-2) are closed, a first interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with a second interface of the first three-way valve (9-1), a second interface of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with a third interface of the second three-way valve (9-2), a first interface of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with a second interface of the third three-way valve (9-3), a first interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with a second interface of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), a second interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) is communicated with a third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the low-temperature compressor (1-1) is stopped, the high-temperature compressor (1-2) is started, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly (3) generate electricity under sunlight irradiation and are adjusted to become electricity used by a user through the inverter (11); when the system is in a single-stage compressed air source heat supply mode, the first fin evaporator (2-1) outputs low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2) through the third three-way valve (9-3), and the second fin evaporator (2-2) outputs low-temperature refrigerant gas to the air suction port of the high-temperature compressor (1-2) through the fourth three-way valve (9-4); the high-pressure liquid is divided into two branches after passing through a second interface of a fifth three-way valve (9-5), a third interface of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) and a first one-way valve (6-1), one branch sequentially passes through the first interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) and the second interface of the first three-way valve (9-1) to enter a second throttle valve (4-2), and the high-pressure liquid is changed into low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant after being expanded and depressurized through the second throttle valve (4-2) to enter the first fin evaporator (2-1); the other branch sequentially passes through a third interface of the second three-way valve (9-2) and a second interface of the second three-way valve (9-2) to enter a third throttle valve (4-3), and high-pressure liquid is changed into low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant after being expanded and depressurized through the third throttle valve (4-3) to enter the second fin evaporator (2-2); when the system is in an overlapping compression PVT heating mode, a first stop valve (7-1) is opened, a second stop valve (7-2) is closed, a second port of a first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with a third port of the first three-way valve (9-1), a first port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with a second port of the second three-way valve (9-2), a second port of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with a third port of the third three-way valve (9-3), a second port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with a third port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), a first port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5) is communicated with a second port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), a first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a fourth port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the low-temperature compressor (1-1) is started, the high-temperature compressor (1-2) is connected with a third port of the four-way reversing valve (8), and the power generator (3) is irradiated by a user through an inverter photovoltaic cell (11) in the power generator; when the system is in a cascade compression PVT heating mode, low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is output from one end of the PVT component (3), flows from a first port of the condensation evaporator (5) to an air suction port of the low-temperature compressor (1-1) through a second one-way valve (6-2) and a first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) and a second port of the four-way reversing valve (8), is compressed and boosted by the low-temperature compressor (1-1) to become medium-pressure overheated gas, is discharged to a first port of the condensation evaporator (5) through a fourth port of the four-way reversing valve (8), is discharged to a first port of the condensation evaporator (5) through a fourth one-way valve (6-4), is condensed into medium-pressure liquid after transferring low-temperature loop heat to a high-temperature loop of the condensation evaporator (5), flows out from the fourth port of the condensation evaporator (5), flows into the first throttle valve (4-1) through the first stop valve (7-1), is decompressed into low-pressure gas mixture after being expanded by the first throttle valve (4-1), and then flows into the other end of the PVT component (3); the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant entering the third interface of the condensing evaporator (5) absorbs low-temperature loop heat in the condensing evaporator (5) and becomes medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas which is output from the second interface of the condensing evaporator (5);
When the system is in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, a first stop valve (7-1) and a second stop valve (7-2) are closed, a first port of a first three-way valve (9-1) is communicated with a second port of the first three-way valve (9-1), a second port of the second three-way valve (9-2) is communicated with a third port of the second three-way valve (9-2), a second port of the third three-way valve (9-3) is communicated with a third port of the third three-way valve (9-3), a second port of a fourth three-way valve (9-4) is communicated with a third port of the fourth three-way valve (9-4), a first port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a second port of the four-way reversing valve (8), the third port of the four-way reversing valve (8) is communicated with a fourth port of the four-way reversing valve, both the low-temperature compressor (1-1) and the high-temperature compressor (1-2) are started, and photovoltaic cells in the PVT assembly (3) are used for power generation under sunlight irradiation and are adjusted to be changed by a user through the inverter (11); when the system is in a cascade compressed air source heat supply mode, low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant gas is converted into medium-pressure overheat gas through compression boosting, and the medium-pressure overheat gas is discharged to a first interface of a condensation evaporator (5) through a fourth interface of a four-way reversing valve (8), a third interface of the four-way reversing valve (8) and a fourth one-way valve (6-4), and the medium-pressure overheat gas transfers heat of a low-temperature loop to a high-temperature loop of the condensation evaporator (5) and is condensed into medium-pressure liquid, and branches after flowing out from the fourth interface of the condensation evaporator (5); the high-pressure superheated gas heats indoor air in an indoor heat exchanger (10) to generate a heating phenomenon, meanwhile, the high-pressure superheated gas is condensed into high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid enters a fourth throttling valve (4-4) through a second port of a fifth three-way valve (9-5) and a first port of the fifth three-way valve (9-5), the high-pressure superheated gas is expanded and depressurized through the fourth throttling valve (4-4) and then becomes a medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant to enter a third port of a condensing evaporator (5), and the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant absorbs low-temperature loop heat in the condensing evaporator (5) and becomes a medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant gas to be output from the second port of the condensing evaporator (5).
CN202310148620.9A 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Overlapping type compressed PVT-air source heat pump system for supplying heat without intermittent defrosting alternately Active CN116182432B (en)

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