CN116181381A - Tunnel primary support steel supporting structure and supporting method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel primary support steel supporting structure and supporting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel primary support steel supporting structure and a supporting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunnel support. The lifting frame and the top plate are arranged above the fixed frame, the supporting plate is arranged in the fixed frame, the pair of fixed plates are arranged in the lifting frame, and the supporting plate is connected with the pair of fixed plates through the jacking mechanism; a pair of side frames are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lifting frame; a side frame is arranged in the side frame, a pair of rectangular expansion plates are arranged on the outer side face of the side frame, and the side frame is connected with the pair of rectangular expansion plates through an expansion mechanism; the top surface both sides of roof are equipped with a pair of translation board, and the top surface front and back both sides of roof are equipped with two pairs of L type and expand the board outward, and the translation board is connected with a pair of L type expands the board outward through translation mechanism. According to the invention, the supporting forces in different directions can be regulated according to the real-time conditions in the tunnel, so that the stability of supporting the two side walls in the tunnel is enhanced, the stability of supporting the top wall in the tunnel is enhanced, the sudden damage can be effectively avoided, and the construction safety degree is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a tunnel primary support steel support structure and a support method thereof.
Background
The invention discloses a self-adaptive stress tunnel primary support steel structure and a construction method thereof (publication number: CN 114542123A), wherein a steel support is divided into an arch part positioned at the upper part and a support part positioned at the lower part by openings positioned at two side walls, each opening of the steel support is provided with a connecting device connected between the arch part and the support part, and the connecting device elastically supports the arch part and the support part along the trend of the steel support side wall part.
When the existing tunnel is supported, the following defects exist: 1. the inner side wall and the top wall of the tunnel are supported by adopting the profile steel plates at present, and the inner wall of the tunnel is easy to deform along with long-term stress, and the profile steel plates are damaged after being passively pressed and deformed due to lack of effective adjustment, so that the tunnel has no supporting capability; 2. the existing tunnel inner side wall and top wall support effect is poor, and the tunnel inner side wall and top wall support effect are main causes of potential safety hazards in the construction period, so that the tunnel inner side wall and top wall support effect are not easy to perceive on one hand, the tunnel inner side wall and top wall support effect are broken on the other hand, and the potential safety hazards in the construction period are extremely large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defect of poor supporting effect of the inner side wall and the top wall of a tunnel in the prior art, and provides a primary supporting steel supporting structure of the tunnel and a supporting method thereof.
In order to solve the problem of poor supporting effect of the inner side wall and the top wall of the tunnel in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a tunnel preliminary bracing steel bearing structure, includes the fixed frame, four corners of bottom surface of fixed frame all install the gyro wheel, the top surface top of fixed frame is equipped with the lift frame of parallel placement, be equipped with the backup pad of horizontal rigid coupling in the fixed frame, be equipped with a pair of fixed plate of vertical rigid coupling in the lift frame, the backup pad is connected with a pair of fixed plate through climbing mechanism;
the four corners of the top surface of the lifting frame are fixedly provided with upright posts, the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the lifting frame are provided with symmetrically distributed side frames, and the two sides of the opposite surface of each side frame are fixedly connected with the corresponding upright posts; a side bracket is arranged in each side frame, a pair of rectangular expansion plates are arranged on the outer side face of each side bracket, and each side bracket is connected with a corresponding pair of rectangular expansion plates through an expansion mechanism;
a top plate which is arranged in parallel is arranged right above the top surface of the lifting frame, and the top end part of each upright post is fixedly connected with the corner of the bottom surface of the top plate; the top surface both sides of roof are equipped with the translation board of symmetrical distribution, both sides are equipped with two pairs of symmetrical distribution's L type and expand the board outward around the top surface of roof, every translation board all is connected with a pair of L type that correspond outward through translation mechanism expands the board.
Preferably, the jacking mechanism comprises a trapezoid plate and a limiting pulley, two pairs of U-shaped plates which are arranged side by side and are in sliding connection are arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate, the trapezoid plate is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of each U-shaped plate, and two side walls of each U-shaped plate are provided with limiting pin holes which are penetrated obliquely;
each U-shaped bracket with a pair of downward openings is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the fixing plate, each U-shaped bracket is provided with a limiting pin shaft penetrating through the U-shaped bracket in a rotating mode, two end portions of each limiting pin shaft are inserted into corresponding limiting pin holes, limiting pulleys fixedly connected with each other in a concentric mode are sleeved in the middle of each limiting pin shaft, and each limiting pulley is in sliding abutting connection with a corresponding trapezoid plate.
Preferably, the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates are fixedly provided with hydraulic connecting plates, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder is arranged between the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates, the bottom of a cylinder body of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting plate, and the end part of a hydraulic telescopic rod of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the corresponding hydraulic connecting plate;
four corners have all set firmly the location sliding ring in the fixed frame, four corners have all set firmly the location ear seat in the lifting frame, every the bottom surface middle part of location ear seat has all set firmly the location slide bar, every the bottom of location slide bar all slides and runs through the location sliding ring that corresponds and extends to the below, every the first half part of location slide bar all overlaps and is equipped with positioning spring.
Preferably, the outer mechanism that expands includes the location swing arm, the inboard face of rectangle outer board that expands is equipped with a plurality of pairs of first U type seats, the lateral surface of side support is equipped with a plurality of pairs of second U type seats, every pair the second U type seat all corresponds with a pair of first U type seat that corresponds, every pair all be equipped with a pair of parallel placement and activity articulated location swing arm between a pair of second U type seat that corresponds.
Preferably, a pair of positioning ear seats are fixedly arranged on two sides of the outer side surface of the side support, a linkage shaft which is in rotary connection is arranged between the pair of positioning ear seats, a plurality of linkage gears which are distributed at equal intervals and are fixedly connected in a concentric manner are sleeved on the linkage shaft, a pair of linkage racks which are in staggered engagement connection are arranged on two sides of each linkage gear, a first motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the side support, and the first motor is coaxially connected with one end part of the linkage shaft;
the L-shaped racks are symmetrically distributed at the outer ends of the linkage racks, notch gears are fixedly arranged at the inner ends of the adjacent positioning swing arms of the linkage shaft, and each L-shaped rack is slidably inserted into the corresponding second U-shaped seat and is meshed with the notch gears.
Preferably, the translation mechanism comprises an outward expansion swing arm, a pair of translation sliding rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the top plate, translation sliding plates are fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of each translation plate, and openings of each translation sliding plate are clamped on the corresponding translation sliding rail and are in sliding connection;
two pairs of outer expansion swing arms which are placed in parallel and are movably hinged are arranged at the corners of the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the top plate, and each pair of outer expansion swing arms is movably hinged with the inner side of the inner top wall of the corresponding L-shaped outer expansion plate.
Preferably, a pair of rectangle slide hole has been seted up to the top surface both sides of roof, every the inside of rectangle slide hole all block has sliding connection's rectangle slider, every rectangle slider's top all with the bottom surface middle part rigid coupling of corresponding translation board, the mid-mounting of roof has the second motor of output downwards, the motor shaft tip and the middle part rigid coupling of double-end connecting rod of second motor, the both ends portion of double-end connecting rod is equipped with a pair of swing connecting rod of swing hinge, every swing connecting rod's outer tip all with the bottom activity hinge of the rectangle slider that corresponds.
Preferably, two pairs of T-shaped sliding rails which are distributed in a staggered manner are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the top plate, each T-shaped sliding rail is clamped with a U-shaped sliding plate which is in sliding connection, two side walls of each U-shaped sliding plate are fixedly provided with a pair of U-shaped clamping rails, the middle parts of each pair of U-shaped clamping rails are clamped with positioning sliding blocks which are in sliding connection, the opposite back surfaces of each pair of positioning sliding blocks are fixedly provided with L-shaped connecting plates which are symmetrically distributed, and the outer end parts of each pair of L-shaped connecting plates are fixedly connected with the inner side walls of the corresponding L-shaped outer expansion plates.
Preferably, each pair of limiting sliding holes are formed in opposite faces of the rectangular outer expansion plates, each pair of limiting sliding holes are internally provided with limiting sliding rods which penetrate through in an inserted mode, the ends of the limiting sliding rods are fixedly connected with the corresponding rectangular outer expansion plates in a staggered mode, the middle of each limiting sliding rod is sleeved with a second spring, and each pair of limiting connecting rods which are distributed at equal intervals are arranged on opposite faces of the L-shaped outer expansion plates.
The invention also provides a supporting method of the tunnel primary support steel supporting structure, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing rollers, moving a fixed frame into a tunnel, synchronously starting a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders, enabling a hydraulic telescopic rod of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder to be shortened slowly, driving a U-shaped plate and a trapezoid plate to slide rightwards along the top surface of a supporting plate through a hydraulic connecting plate, lifting a limiting pulley through the trapezoid plate to drive a limiting pin shaft to slide along a limiting pin hole, further driving a U-shaped bracket, a fixed plate and a lifting frame to slowly rise, driving a positioning sliding rod to slide along a positioning sliding ring, and driving a side frame, a stand column and a top plate to rise to a proper position;
step two, a pair of first motors are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor drives a linkage shaft and a plurality of linkage gears to synchronously rotate, the linkage gears are meshed to drive each pair of linkage racks to relatively translate, and then drive each pair of L-shaped racks to relatively translate, the L-shaped racks are meshed to drive a notch gear and a positioning swing arm to carry out hinged swing, and as each pair of positioning swing arms form a parallelogram, two pairs of rectangular expansion plates are driven to slowly spread outwards, and a plurality of limiting sliding rods are driven to slide along corresponding limiting sliding holes in a staggered manner;
starting a second motor, wherein a motor shaft of the second motor drives a double-head connecting rod to rotate, driving a pair of rectangular sliding blocks to slide along a rectangular slide Kong Xiangbei by the hinging action of a pair of swinging connecting rods, driving a pair of translation plates and a translation sliding plate to slide along a translation sliding rail in a back-to-back way, driving an L-shaped expansion plate to translate outwards by the hinging action of each pair of expansion swing arms, driving the L-shaped connecting plate to pull a positioning sliding block to slide outwards along a U-shaped clamping rail, and driving the U-shaped sliding plate to slide along a T-shaped sliding rail when the positioning sliding block abuts against the outer end of the U-shaped clamping rail;
and step four, finally driving the L-shaped outer expansion plates to abut against two sides of the inner top wall of the tunnel, and driving the rectangular outer expansion plates to abut against two side walls in the tunnel respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the matched use of the outward expansion mechanisms, each pair of positioning swing arms is in a parallelogram shape, so that two pairs of rectangular outward expansion plates are driven to slowly expand outwards, the two pairs of rectangular outward expansion plates are propped against the inner side walls of the tunnel outwards, and the stability of supporting the two side walls in the tunnel is enhanced;
2. according to the invention, through the matched use of the translation mechanism, the L-shaped expansion plates are driven to translate and expand outwards through the hinging action of each pair of expansion swing arms, and the L-shaped expansion plates are driven to abut against two sides of the inner top wall of the tunnel, so that the stability of the support of the inner top wall of the tunnel is enhanced;
in summary, the invention solves the problem of poor supporting effect of the inner side wall and the top wall of the tunnel, has compact overall structural design, can adjust supporting forces in different directions according to real-time conditions in the tunnel, not only enhances the stability of supporting the two side walls in the tunnel, but also enhances the stability of supporting the top wall in the tunnel, can effectively avoid sudden damage, and improves the construction safety degree.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an isometric structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the fixing frame and the lifting frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the structure of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the structure of FIG. 6 in cross-section in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a side frame to a rectangular expansion board structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flaring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flaring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the top plate to the L-shaped expansion plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the top plate of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic top cut-away view of the top plate of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1. a fixed frame; 11. a support plate; 12. a U-shaped plate; 13. a trapezoidal plate; 14. a hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 15. a hydraulic connecting plate; 16. a fixing plate; 17. a U-shaped bracket; 18. limiting pin shafts; 19. a limit pulley; 2. a lifting frame; 21. a column; 22. a side frame; 23. a side bracket; 24. a rectangular outer expansion plate; 25. positioning a swing arm; 26. a notch gear; 27. an L-shaped rack; 28. a linkage rack; 29. a linkage shaft; 210. a linkage gear; 211. a first motor; 3. a top plate; 31. a translation plate; 32. an L-shaped outer expansion plate; 33. an outward expansion swing arm; 34. a second motor; 35. a double-ended connecting rod; 36. swinging the connecting rod; 37. a rectangular slide block; 38. a T-shaped slide rail; 39. a U-shaped sliding plate; 310. u-shaped clamping rail; 311. positioning a sliding block; 312. l-shaped connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Embodiment one: the embodiment provides a tunnel primary support steel supporting structure, referring to fig. 1-13, specifically, the tunnel primary support steel supporting structure comprises a fixed frame 1, wherein rollers are arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the fixed frame 1, a lifting frame 2 which is arranged in parallel is arranged above the top surface of the fixed frame 1, a supporting plate 11 which is fixedly connected transversely is arranged in the fixed frame 1, a pair of fixing plates 16 which are fixedly connected longitudinally are arranged in the lifting frame 2, and the supporting plate 11 is connected with the pair of fixing plates 16 through a jacking mechanism;
the four corners of the top surface of the lifting frame 2 are fixedly provided with upright posts 21, the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the lifting frame 2 are provided with symmetrically distributed side frames 22, and the two sides of the opposite surface of each side frame 22 are fixedly connected with the corresponding upright posts 21; a side bracket 23 is arranged in each side frame 22, a pair of rectangular expansion plates 24 are arranged on the outer side surface of each side bracket 23, and each side bracket 23 is connected with the corresponding pair of rectangular expansion plates 24 through an expansion mechanism;
a top plate 3 which is arranged in parallel is arranged right above the top surface of the lifting frame 2, and the top end part of each upright post 21 is fixedly connected with the corner of the bottom surface of the top plate 3; two sides of the top surface of the top plate 3 are provided with symmetrically distributed translation plates 31, two pairs of symmetrically distributed L-shaped expansion plates 32 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the top plate 3, and each translation plate 31 is connected with a corresponding pair of L-shaped expansion plates 32 through a translation mechanism.
In the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 12, two pairs of T-shaped slide rails 38 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the top plate 3, each T-shaped slide rail 38 is clamped with a slidably connected U-shaped slide plate 39, two side walls of each U-shaped slide plate 39 are fixedly provided with a pair of U-shaped clamping rails 310, the middle parts of each pair of U-shaped clamping rails 310 are clamped with slidably connected positioning slide blocks 311, opposite back surfaces of each pair of positioning slide blocks 311 are fixedly provided with a pair of symmetrically distributed L-shaped connecting plates 312, and outer end parts of each pair of L-shaped connecting plates 312 are fixedly connected with inner side walls of corresponding L-shaped expanding plates 32;
when the L-shaped expansion plate 32 translates outwards, the L-shaped connecting plate 312 pulls the positioning sliding block 311 to slide outwards along the U-shaped clamping rail 310, and when the positioning sliding block 311 abuts against the outer end of the U-shaped clamping rail 310, the U-shaped sliding plate 39 is driven to slide along the T-shaped sliding rail 38;
when the L-shaped expansion plate 32 translates inwards, the L-shaped connecting plate 312 drives the positioning sliding block 311 to slide inwards along the U-shaped clamping rail 310, and when the positioning sliding block 311 abuts against the inner end of the U-shaped clamping rail 310, the U-shaped sliding plate 39 is driven to slide along the T-shaped sliding rail 38.
The description is as follows: in this embodiment, a plurality of pairs of spacing slide holes are all seted up to the opposite face of every pair of rectangle outer expansion board 24, and the inside of every pair of spacing slide holes is all inserted and is equipped with the spacing slide bar that slides and run through, and the tip of a plurality of spacing slide bars is crisscross to expand board 24 rigid coupling with corresponding rectangle outer, and the middle part of every spacing slide bar all overlaps and is equipped with the second spring, expands board 24 to be connected outside crisscross with the rectangle through a plurality of spacing slide bars, has guaranteed the stability of expanding board 24 relative translation expansion outside every pair of rectangle, and the opposite face of expanding board 32 outside every pair of L type all is equipped with the spacing connecting rod of a plurality of equidistance distributions.
Embodiment two: in the first embodiment, there is a problem that the heights of the lifting frame 2 and the top plate 3 cannot be adjusted, and therefore, the present embodiment further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment:
in the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the jacking mechanism comprises a trapezoid plate 13 and a limiting pulley 19, two pairs of U-shaped plates 12 which are placed side by side and are in sliding connection are arranged on the top surface of a supporting plate 11, the trapezoid plate 13 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of each U-shaped plate 12, and two side walls of each U-shaped plate 12 are provided with limiting pin holes which are penetrated obliquely;
a pair of U-shaped brackets 17 with downward openings are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of each fixed plate 16, limiting pin shafts 18 penetrating through the U-shaped brackets 17 in a rotating mode are arranged in the openings of the U-shaped brackets 17, two end portions of each limiting pin shaft 18 are inserted into corresponding limiting pin holes, limiting pulleys 19 fixedly connected with each other in a concentric mode are sleeved on the middle portion of each limiting pin shaft 18, and each limiting pulley 19 is in sliding abutting connection with the corresponding trapezoid plate 13; when the U-shaped plate 12 and the trapezoid plate 13 slide rightwards, the limiting pin shaft 18 and the limiting pin hole form a limiting effect, and the trapezoid plate 13 jacks up the limiting pulley 19 to drive the limiting pin shaft 18 to slide along the limiting pin hole, so that the U-shaped bracket 17, the fixed plate 16 and the lifting frame 2 are driven to slowly rise;
the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates 12 are fixedly provided with hydraulic connecting plates 15, hydraulic telescopic cylinders 14 are arranged between the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates 12, the bottom of each cylinder body of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder 14 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting plate 11, and the end parts of hydraulic telescopic rods of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder 14 are fixedly connected with the corresponding hydraulic connecting plates 15; the hydraulic telescopic rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 14 is slowly shortened, and the U-shaped plate 12 and the trapezoid plate 13 are driven by the hydraulic connecting plate 15 to slide rightwards along the top surface of the supporting plate 11;
positioning slip rings are fixedly arranged at four corners in the fixed frame 1, positioning lug seats are fixedly arranged at four corners in the lifting frame 2, positioning slide bars are fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of each positioning lug seat, the bottom end part of each positioning slide bar penetrates through the corresponding positioning slip ring in a sliding manner and extends to the lower part, and positioning springs are sleeved on the upper half section of each positioning slide bar; when the lifting frame 2 is lifted, the positioning slide rod is driven to slide along the positioning slide ring, and the side frame 22, the upright post 21 and the top plate 3 are driven to be lifted to a proper position.
Embodiment III: in the first embodiment, there is also a problem that the supporting effect of the inner side wall of the tunnel is poor, so the first embodiment further includes, based on the first embodiment:
in the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the outward expansion mechanism comprises a positioning swing arm 25, a plurality of pairs of first U-shaped seats are arranged on the inner side surface of a rectangular outward expansion plate 24, a plurality of pairs of second U-shaped seats are arranged on the outer side surface of a side bracket 23, each pair of second U-shaped seats corresponds to a corresponding pair of first U-shaped seats, and a pair of positioning swing arms 25 which are placed in parallel and are movably hinged are arranged between each pair of first U-shaped seats and a corresponding pair of second U-shaped seats; because each pair of positioning swing arms 25 form a parallelogram, the two pairs of rectangular expansion plates 24 are driven to be unfolded outwards slowly, so that the two pairs of rectangular expansion plates 24 are propped against the inner side walls of the tunnels outwards;
a pair of positioning lug seats are fixedly arranged on two sides of the outer side surface of the side support 23, a linkage shaft 29 which is rotationally connected is arranged between the pair of positioning lug seats, a plurality of linkage gears 210 which are equidistantly distributed and concentrically fixedly connected are sleeved on the linkage shaft 29, a pair of linkage racks 28 which are in staggered engagement connection are arranged on two sides of each linkage gear 210, a first motor 211 is fixedly arranged on one side of the side support 23, and the first motor 211 is coaxially connected with one end part of the linkage shaft 29; the motor shaft of the first motor 211 drives the linkage shaft 29 and the plurality of linkage gears 210 to synchronously rotate, and the linkage gears 210 are meshed to drive each pair of linkage racks 28 to relatively translate;
the opposite outer end parts of each pair of linkage racks 28 are fixedly provided with symmetrically distributed L-shaped racks 27, the inner end parts of the adjacent positioning swing arms 25 of the linkage shafts 29 are fixedly provided with notch gears 26, and each L-shaped rack 27 is slidably inserted into a corresponding second U-shaped seat and is in meshed connection with the notch gear 26; when each pair of linkage racks 28 relatively translate, each pair of L-shaped racks 27 is driven to relatively translate, and the L-shaped racks 27 are meshed to drive the notch gear 26 and the positioning swing arm 25 to hinge and swing.
Embodiment four: in the first embodiment, there is also a problem that the supporting effect of the inner top wall of the tunnel is poor, so on the basis of the first embodiment, the embodiment further includes:
in a specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, the translation mechanism comprises an outward expansion swing arm 33, a pair of translation sliding rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the top plate 3, translation sliding plates are fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of each translation plate 31, and the openings of each translation sliding plate are clamped on the corresponding translation sliding rails and are in sliding connection; two pairs of outer expansion swing arms 33 which are arranged in parallel and are movably hinged are arranged at the corners of the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the top plate 3, and each pair of outer expansion swing arms 33 is movably hinged with the inner side of the inner top wall of the corresponding L-shaped outer expansion plate 32; the L-shaped expansion plates 32 are driven to outwards translate and expand under the hinging action of each pair of expansion swing arms 33, and the L-shaped expansion plates 32 are driven to abut against two sides of the inner top wall of the tunnel;
a pair of rectangular sliding holes are formed in two sides of the top surface of the top plate 3, rectangular sliding blocks 37 in sliding connection are clamped in the rectangular sliding holes, the top end part of each rectangular sliding block 37 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the bottom surface of the corresponding translation plate 31, a second motor 34 with a downward output end is arranged in the middle of the top plate 3, the end part of a motor shaft of the second motor 34 is fixedly connected with the middle part of a double-head connecting rod 35, a pair of swing connecting rods 36 in movable hinge connection are arranged at the two ends of the double-head connecting rod 35, and the outer end part of each swing connecting rod 36 is in movable hinge connection with the bottom end part of the corresponding rectangular sliding block 37; the motor shaft of the second motor 34 drives the double-end connecting rod 35 to rotate, and drives the pair of rectangular sliding blocks 37 to slide along the rectangular sliding blocks Kong Xiangbei by the hinging action of the pair of swinging connecting rods 36, so as to drive the pair of translation plates 31 and the translation sliding plates to slide along the translation sliding rails in opposite directions.
Fifth embodiment: specifically, the working principle and the operation method of the invention are as follows:
step one, pushing rollers, moving a fixed frame 1 into a tunnel, synchronously starting a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders 14, slowly shortening hydraulic telescopic rods of the hydraulic telescopic cylinders 14, driving a U-shaped plate 12 and a trapezoid plate 13 to slide rightwards along the top surface of a supporting plate 11 through a hydraulic connecting plate 15, jacking a limiting pulley 19 through the trapezoid plate 13 to drive a limiting pin shaft 18 to slide along a limiting pin hole, further driving the U-shaped bracket 17, a fixed plate 16 and a lifting frame 2 to slowly lift, driving positioning sliding rods to slide along a positioning sliding ring, and driving a side frame 22, a stand column 21 and a top plate 3 to lift to a proper position;
step two, a pair of first motors 211 are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor 211 drives a linkage shaft 29 and a plurality of linkage gears 210 to synchronously rotate, the linkage gears 210 are meshed to drive each pair of linkage racks 28 to relatively translate, and further drive each pair of L-shaped racks 27 to relatively translate, the L-shaped racks 27 are meshed to drive a notch gear 26 and a positioning swing arm 25 to carry out hinged swing, and as each pair of positioning swing arms 25 form a parallelogram, two pairs of rectangular expansion plates 24 are driven to slowly expand outwards, and a plurality of limiting sliding rods are driven to alternately slide along corresponding limiting sliding holes;
step three, the second motor 34 is started, the motor shaft of the second motor 34 drives the double-end connecting rod 35 to rotate, the pair of rectangular sliding blocks 37 are driven to slide along the rectangular sliding blocks Kong Xiangbei by the hinging action of the pair of swinging connecting rods 36, the pair of translation plates 31 and the translation sliding blocks are driven to slide along the opposite sides of the translation sliding rails, the L-shaped expansion plates 32 are driven to translate and expand outwards by the hinging action of each pair of expansion swinging arms 33, the L-shaped connecting plates 312 are driven to pull the positioning sliding blocks 311 to slide outwards along the U-shaped clamping rails 310, and when the positioning sliding blocks 311 are propped against the outer ends of the U-shaped clamping rails 310, the U-shaped sliding blocks 39 are driven to slide along the T-shaped sliding rails 38;
and step four, finally, the L-shaped outer expansion plates 32 are driven to abut against two sides of the inner top wall of the tunnel, and the rectangular outer expansion plates 24 are driven to abut against two side walls in the tunnel respectively.
The invention solves the problem of poor supporting effect of the inner side wall and the top wall of the tunnel, has compact overall structural design, can adjust supporting forces in different directions according to real-time conditions in the tunnel, not only enhances the stability of supporting the two side walls in the tunnel, but also enhances the stability of supporting the top wall in the tunnel, can effectively avoid sudden damage and improves the construction safety degree.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel preliminary bracing steel bearing structure, includes fixed frame (1), its characterized in that: the lifting frame is characterized in that rollers are arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the fixed frame (1), lifting frames (2) which are arranged in parallel are arranged above the top surface of the fixed frame (1), support plates (11) which are transversely fixedly connected are arranged in the fixed frame (1), a pair of fixing plates (16) which are longitudinally fixedly connected are arranged in the lifting frames (2), and the support plates (11) are connected with the pair of fixing plates (16) through a jacking mechanism;
the four corners of the top surface of the lifting frame (2) are fixedly provided with upright posts (21), the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the lifting frame (2) are provided with symmetrically distributed side frames (22), and the two sides of the opposite surface of each side frame (22) are fixedly connected with the corresponding upright posts (21); a side bracket (23) is arranged in each side frame (22), a pair of rectangular expansion plates (24) are arranged on the outer side surface of each side bracket (23), and each side bracket (23) is connected with the corresponding pair of rectangular expansion plates (24) through an expansion mechanism;
a top plate (3) which is arranged in parallel is arranged right above the top surface of the lifting frame (2), and the top end part of each upright post (21) is fixedly connected with the corner of the bottom surface of the top plate (3); translation plates (31) symmetrically distributed are arranged on two sides of the top surface of the top plate (3), two pairs of L-shaped outer expansion plates (32) symmetrically distributed are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the top plate (3), and each translation plate (31) is connected with a corresponding pair of L-shaped outer expansion plates (32) through a translation mechanism.
2. The tunnel primary support steel support structure of claim 1, wherein: the jacking mechanism comprises trapezoid plates (13) and limiting pulleys (19), two pairs of U-shaped plates (12) which are arranged side by side and are in sliding connection are arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate (11), the trapezoid plates (13) are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of each U-shaped plate (12), and limiting pin holes which are obliquely communicated are formed in the two side walls of each U-shaped plate (12);
every the bottom surface of fixed plate (16) has all set firmly a pair of opening U type support (17) down, every all be equipped with in the opening of U type support (17) and rotate spacing round pin axle (18) that runs through, every spacing round pin axle (18) both ends all insert and establish in corresponding spacing pinhole, every spacing round pin axle (18) the middle part all overlaps limit pulley (19) that are equipped with concentric rigid coupling, every limit pulley (19) all slides and support on trapezoidal board (13) that correspond.
3. The tunnel primary support steel support structure of claim 2, wherein: the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates (12) are fixedly provided with hydraulic connecting plates (15), hydraulic telescopic cylinders (14) are arranged between the opposite surfaces of each pair of U-shaped plates (12), the bottom of each cylinder body of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder (14) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting plate (11), and the end part of each hydraulic telescopic rod of each hydraulic telescopic cylinder (14) is fixedly connected with the corresponding hydraulic connecting plate (15);
four corners in fixed frame (1) have all set firmly the location sliding ring, four corners have all set firmly the location ear seat in lifting frame (2), every the bottom surface middle part of location ear seat has all set firmly the location slide bar, every the bottom of location slide bar all slides and runs through the location sliding ring that corresponds and extends to the below, every the first half part of location slide bar all overlaps and is equipped with positioning spring.
4. A tunnel primary support steel support structure according to claim 3, wherein: the outer mechanism of expanding includes location swing arm (25), the inboard face of rectangle outer board (24) of expanding is equipped with a plurality of pairs of first U type seats, the lateral surface of side support (23) is equipped with a plurality of pairs of second U type seats, every pair of second U type seat all corresponds with a pair of first U type seat that corresponds, every pair all be equipped with a pair of parallel placement and articulated location swing arm (25) of activity between a pair of second U type seat that corresponds.
5. The tunnel primary support steel support structure of claim 4, wherein: the translation mechanism comprises an outward expansion swing arm (33), a pair of translation sliding rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the top plate (3), translation sliding plates are fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of each translation plate (31), and the openings of each translation sliding plate are clamped on the corresponding translation sliding rails and are in sliding connection;
two pairs of outer expansion swing arms (33) which are arranged in parallel and are movably hinged are arranged at the corners of the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the top plate (3), and each pair of outer expansion swing arms (33) is movably hinged with the inner side of the inner top wall of the corresponding L-shaped outer expansion plate (32).
6. The tunnel primary support steel support structure of claim 5, wherein: two pairs of staggered T-shaped sliding rails (38) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the top plate (3), U-shaped sliding plates (39) in sliding connection are clamped on each T-shaped sliding rail (38), a pair of U-shaped clamping rails (310) are fixedly arranged on two side walls of each U-shaped sliding plate (39), positioning sliding blocks (311) in sliding connection are clamped in the middle of each pair of U-shaped clamping rails (310), a pair of symmetrically distributed L-shaped connecting plates (312) are fixedly arranged on opposite surfaces of each positioning sliding block (311), and the outer end parts of each pair of L-shaped connecting plates (312) are fixedly connected with the inner side walls of corresponding L-shaped outer expansion plates (32).
7. The tunnel primary support steel support structure of claim 6, wherein: every pair of spacing slide hole has all been seted up to the opposite face of rectangle external expansion board (24), every pair the inside of spacing slide hole all inserts and is equipped with the spacing slide bar that slides and run through, a plurality of the tip of spacing slide bar is crisscross all expands board (24) rigid coupling with the rectangle that corresponds outward, and every the middle part of spacing slide bar all overlaps and is equipped with the second spring, every pair the opposite face of L type external expansion board (32) all is equipped with the spacing connecting rod of a plurality of equidistance distributions.
8. The method for supporting the primary support structure of the tunnel according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
step one, pushing rollers, moving a fixed frame (1) into a tunnel, synchronously starting a pair of hydraulic telescopic cylinders (14), slowly shortening hydraulic telescopic rods of the hydraulic telescopic cylinders (14), driving a U-shaped plate (12) and a trapezoid plate (13) to slide rightwards along the top surface of a supporting plate (11) through a hydraulic connecting plate (15), jacking a limiting pulley (19) through the trapezoid plate (13) to drive a limiting pin shaft (18) to slide along a limiting pin hole, further driving a U-shaped bracket (17), a fixed plate (16) and a lifting frame (2) to slowly lift, driving a positioning sliding rod to slide along a positioning sliding ring, and driving a side frame (22), a stand column (21) and a top plate (3) to lift to a proper position;
step two, a pair of first motors (211) are synchronously started, a motor shaft of each first motor (211) drives a linkage shaft (29) and a plurality of linkage gears (210) to synchronously rotate, the linkage gears (210) are meshed to drive each pair of linkage racks (28) to relatively translate, and then drive each pair of L-shaped racks (27) to relatively translate, the L-shaped racks (27) are meshed to drive a notch gear (26) and a positioning swing arm (25) to hinge and swing, and as each pair of positioning swing arms (25) form a parallelogram, two pairs of rectangular expansion plates (24) are driven to slowly spread outwards, and a plurality of limiting sliding rods are driven to slide along corresponding limiting sliding holes in a staggered mode;
starting a second motor (34), wherein a motor shaft of the second motor (34) drives a double-head connecting rod (35) to rotate, driving a pair of rectangular sliding blocks (37) to slide along a rectangular slide Kong Xiangbei through the hinging action of a pair of swinging connecting rods (36), driving a pair of translation plates (31) and the translation sliding plates to slide along a translation sliding rail in a back-to-back way, driving an L-shaped expansion plate (32) to translate outwards through the hinging action of each pair of outward expansion swinging arms (33), driving an L-shaped connecting plate (312) to pull a positioning sliding block (311) to slide outwards along a U-shaped clamping rail (310), and driving a U-shaped sliding plate (39) to slide along a T-shaped sliding rail (38) when the positioning sliding block (311) abuts against the outer end of the U-shaped clamping rail (310);
and step four, finally, driving the L-shaped outer expansion plates (32) to abut against two sides of the inner top wall of the tunnel, and driving the rectangular outer expansion plates (24) to abut against two side walls of the inner side wall of the tunnel respectively.
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| CN116575965A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-11 | 山西联盛科技有限公司 | Collapse-preventing tunnel refuge protection equipment and protection method thereof |
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