CN116181313A - Data acquisition system for oil-gas well in trial production stage - Google Patents

Data acquisition system for oil-gas well in trial production stage Download PDF

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CN116181313A
CN116181313A CN202310222007.7A CN202310222007A CN116181313A CN 116181313 A CN116181313 A CN 116181313A CN 202310222007 A CN202310222007 A CN 202310222007A CN 116181313 A CN116181313 A CN 116181313A
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oil
data acquisition
acquisition system
coefficient
gas well
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李政林
靳子豫
王健
时斌杰
马媛
黄心妍
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Guangxi University of Science and Technology
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E21B47/07—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a data acquisition system for an oil and gas well in a test production stage. The system comprises: the sensor group is used for collecting equipment parameters of the field in the trial production stage; the PLC is connected with the sensor group and is used for preprocessing the equipment parameters and judging whether the equipment parameters exceed a threshold value or not; the operation terminal is connected with the PLC and is used for calculating the current accumulated output according to the preprocessed equipment parameters and predicting the short-term and long-term accumulated output according to the current accumulated output; the operation terminal is also used for receiving the judging result of the PLC and sending out an instruction according to the judging result; and the audible and visual alarm is connected with the operation terminal and is used for receiving the instruction to carry out audible and visual alarm. The system divides the operation equipment into a lower computer and an upper computer, and effectively solves the problems of unstable equipment, data packet loss and the like caused by long-term bearing of the whole operation flow by a single machine.

Description

Data acquisition system for oil-gas well in trial production stage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well test production, in particular to a data acquisition system in an oil and gas well test production stage.
Background
In the oil and gas well trial production stage, the data acquisition process is an important link, and the technology can penetrate through the whole process. The method comprises the steps of reading real-time information of oil pressure, wellhead temperature, annulus pressure, downstream pressure of a choke, downstream temperature of the choke, downstream pressure of a separator, gas temperature of the separator, orifice plate pressure difference, buffer tank pressure, pressure of a closed tank, temperature of the buffer tank and temperature of the closed tank, performing real-time calculation and comparison of liquid quantity, water flow and oil flow, and monitoring and management are carried out in the whole production test stage.
Production testing, i.e., small-scale or short-term production of an oilfield, is typically performed after completion of an evaluation or detail well (including a pre-exploratory well). The main purpose of the test production is to know the production dynamics of the oil well and the decrease condition of the production pressure. The trial production process involves a series of well test runs. The petroleum production needs to analyze the formation pressure reduction rule through trial production, and grasp the relation between the wellhead yield and the reservoir pressure drop; determining an oil-bearing boundary and reservoir parameters by adopting a test production positioning reservoir type, and checking the reservoir reserves by adopting a dynamic method; predicting the relation between the law and the stable yield by the yield change law in the oil test and production test period, and reasonably arranging the production period and the management scheduling work; and the property of the oil, gas and water is combined with the formation pressure change rule to determine the proper production speed, so that the production efficiency is effectively improved.
The petroleum data acquisition equipment in service is developed based on the Windows bottom layer, the operating system is complex and is not easy to update and maintain, and long-term stability cannot be maintained for long-term petroleum engineering data acquisition work. Short-term and long-term predictions of yield are not directly provided to staff for analysis. The phenomenon of false alarm data packet loss frequently occurs on site, so that the workload of a user is increased, and certain potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a data acquisition system for an oil and gas well in a test production stage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
an oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system, comprising:
the sensor group is used for collecting equipment parameters of the field in the trial production stage;
the PLC is connected with the sensor group and is used for preprocessing the equipment parameters and judging whether the equipment parameters exceed a threshold value or not;
the operation terminal is connected with the PLC and used for calculating the current accumulated output according to the preprocessed equipment parameters and predicting the short-term and long-term accumulated output according to the current accumulated output; the operation terminal is also used for receiving the judging result of the PLC and sending out an instruction according to the judging result;
and the audible and visual alarm is connected with the operation terminal and is used for receiving the instruction to carry out audible and visual alarm.
Optionally, the sensor group includes: thermocouples, pressure transmitters, differential pressure sensors, and flow meters.
Optionally, the operation terminal is further used for displaying and storing the equipment parameters, the accumulated output and the predicted accumulated output.
Optionally, the operation terminal is further used for generating a report and a graph according to the predicted accumulated output.
Alternatively, the current oil cumulative yield Q Oil (oil) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Q oil (oil) ＝96V(1-BS&W)·(1-Shr)·K·K 1
Wherein V represents the difference between readings of the oil flow meter every 15 minutes, BS&W represents the percentage of impurities such as water-containing sand slurry in crude oil, shr represents the shrinkage of crude oil, K represents the volume change coefficient, K 1 Indicating the oil flow meter correction factor.
Alternatively, the current cumulative natural gas production is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0004117069370000021
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Figure BDA0004117069370000022
Represents the volume flow of natural gas under standard reference conditions,/->
Figure BDA0004117069370000023
Represents the volume flow metering coefficient, C represents the outflow coefficient, E represents the progressive velocity coefficient, d represents the orifice plate opening diameter, F G Represents the relative density coefficient, ε represents the expansibility coefficient, F Z Representing the super-compression coefficient, F T Representing the flow temperature coefficient, P Y The absolute static pressure of the gas flow from the pressure-taking hole on the upstream side of the orifice plate is represented, and Δp represents the differential pressure generated when the gas flow passes through the orifice plate.
Alternatively, the current water cumulative yield calculation formula is as follows:
q v ＝f/K
q m ＝q v ρ
wherein q is v Represents the volume flow, q m Representing mass flow, f represents the frequency of the flow meter output signal, and K represents the meter coefficient of the flow meter.
Optionally, for short-term accumulated yield prediction, the operation terminal performs accumulated yield prediction by using a dynamic gray prediction model; for long-term accumulated yield prediction, the operation terminal uses a time sequence method and uses a neural network to fit residual errors to perform accumulated yield prediction.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the upper operation terminal is matched with the independent acquisition system formed by the lower PLC, namely, each module is divided into different work to complete each functional module, so that the problem that the whole system cannot operate due to the failure of a single system is avoided. The system divides the operation equipment into the lower computer and the upper computer, effectively avoids the problems of unstable equipment, data packet loss and the like caused by long-term bearing of the whole operation flow of a single machine, simultaneously avoids safety accidents caused by false alarm of the system due to equipment failure, improves the stability of the data acquisition system on site safety monitoring, and provides instant data analysis for site workers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a data acquisition system for an oil and gas well test production stage provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a system topology of an example of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet control loop of an example of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lower computer control loop of an example of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet control loop of an example of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an expansion module 1 according to an example of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a signal module 2 according to an example of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an expansion module 3 according to an example of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a layout diagram of a lower case device according to an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a data acquisition system in an oil gas well test production stage, which solves the problems that data packet loss is easy to occur and equipment operation is unstable in the prior art.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the data acquisition system for the oil and gas well test production stage provided by the invention comprises: a sensor group 1, a PLC2, an operation terminal 3 and an audible and visual alarm 4.
Further, the device parameter sensor group for collecting the field of the trial production stage comprises: a thermocouple to measure temperature, a pressure transmitter to measure pressure, and a differential pressure sensor to measure the differential pressure across the separator orifice. The main measurement points include: liquid amount, water flow, oil flow, separator pressure, separator temperature, orifice pressure difference, buffer tank pressure, seal tank pressure, buffer tank temperature, seal tank temperature, liquid amount, oil pressure, wellhead temperature, annulus pressure, choke downstream temperature.
Further, the PLC is connected with the sensor group and is used for preprocessing the equipment parameters and judging whether the equipment parameters exceed a threshold value or not. The PLC is connected with the transmitter through the junction box and the safety grating which is divided into two parts and the site sensor. The PLC can be connected with the operation terminal through a wireless communication module arranged in the case. The I/O port of the lower computer PLC is used for receiving 24 paths of sensor signals, the received digital signals are directly transmitted to the operation terminal after being judged by the threshold value, and the received analog signals are transmitted to the operation terminal after being preprocessed through the processes of threshold value judgment, conversion and the like.
The PLC defines the threshold range and the alarm range of each channel, and analog conversion and super-threshold alarm judgment are completed in time when the data of each channel is transmitted to the PLC by the cable.
Further, the operation terminal calculates the current accumulated output according to the preprocessed equipment parameters, and predicts the short-term and long-term accumulated output according to the current accumulated output; the operation terminal is also used for receiving the judging result of the PLC and sending out an instruction according to the judging result.
The operation terminal can realize channel information setting, creation and operation of the invention, display of real-time data and curve trend graphs, processing and analysis calculation of data, storage of data, generation and printing of reports, remote transmission of information and prediction of accumulated output.
Parameters such as sensor pressure, temperature, pressure difference and the like are read by a PLC and then transmitted to a configuration, the KingView calculates the oil, gas and water yield, the folding day yield and the accumulated yield respectively in the background through a preset calculation formula, updates the data in real time on a data and graph display interface and records the data in a database established by Microsoft Access.
Current oil cumulative yield Q Oil (oil) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Q oil (oil) ＝96V(1-BS&W)·(1-Shr)·K·K 1
Wherein V represents the difference between readings of the oil flow meter every 15 minutes, BS&W represents the percentage of impurities such as water-containing sand slurry in crude oil, shr represents the shrinkage of crude oil, K represents the volume change coefficient, K 1 Indicating the oil flow meter correction factor.
The calculation formula for measuring natural gas flow by using the standard orifice plate flowmeter is as follows:
Figure BDA0004117069370000051
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Figure BDA0004117069370000052
Represents the volume flow of natural gas under standard reference conditions,/->
Figure BDA0004117069370000053
The volumetric flow metering coefficient is expressed in terms of units of measure. Volume flow per second (m) 3 /s) metering coefficient->
Figure BDA0004117069370000054
Hourly volume flow (m) 3 /h) metering coefficient->
Figure BDA0004117069370000055
Volume flow at time of day (m) 3 /d) metering coefficient->
Figure BDA0004117069370000056
C represents the outflow coefficient, E represents the progressive velocity coefficient, d represents the aperture diameter of the orifice plate in millimeters (mm), F G Represents the relative density coefficient, ε represents the expansibility coefficient, F Z Representing the super-compression coefficient, F T Representing the flow temperature coefficient, P Y The absolute static pressure of the air flow of the pressure taking hole at the upstream side of the hole plate is expressed in megapascals (MPa), and deltap represents the differential pressure generated when the air flow passes through the hole plate and is expressed in Pa.
The turbine flowmeter measures the water yield and calculates the formula as follows:
q v ＝f/K
q m ＝q v ρ
wherein q is v Represents the volume flow (m 3 /s)，q m Represents the mass flow (kg/s), f represents the frequency (Hz) of the output signal of the flowmeter, K represents the meter coefficient (P/m) of the flowmeter 3 )。
And establishing a data interaction channel of the software and MATLAB software through a DDE (dynamic data exchange) data transmission function built in KingView software. The parameters in the database are extracted, the extracted data are preprocessed, analyzed, optimized, predicted and historical error calculated by using the oil well yield long-short term classification prediction algorithm, and the values and graphs of the predicted results, the values and graphs of the errors and the data of the historical errors are recorded and displayed in real time. Meanwhile, the user can export the predicted result and the error report and the graph to Excel and word files and print the Excel and word files.
The cumulative yield is predicted according to the following calculation mode and mathematical model:
(1) And carrying out real-time model updating and analysis prediction by utilizing a dynamic gray prediction model aiming at short-term yield prediction.
The original cumulative sequence is y (0) = (y) 1 ,y 2 ,y 3 ,...,y n ) The newly measured yield data is y n-1 。
y(i)＝(y i+1 ,y i+2 ,y i+3 ,...,y i+n )
The updated accumulated sequence:
Figure BDA0004117069370000061
the formula of the corresponding generated dynamic matrix and the least square method is:
Figure BDA0004117069370000062
Figure BDA0004117069370000063
wherein the calculated accumulated value is:
Figure BDA0004117069370000071
wherein p and q are whitening coefficients, and a new predicted value yi can be obtained after corresponding parameters are obtained through the solution of the above formula +n+1 ：
Figure BDA0004117069370000072
(2) And a time sequence method is utilized for long-term yield prediction, a prediction result is optimized by utilizing a neural network residual fitting mode, and the prediction error of an ARIMA model is reduced.
Figure BDA0004117069370000073
Wherein y is t Is the result of the current moment; mu is constant; gamma ray i Is an autoregressive model parameter; y is t-i Is the result of the last moment; epsilon t Is at presentAn interference value at a time; θ i Is a moving average parameter; epsilon t-i (i=1, 2,., k) is an interference value at a past time. p is the autoregressive order; q is the moving average order.
The model needs to meet the following conditions:
Figure BDA0004117069370000074
wherein the interference value epsilon t For a desired zero, the variance is σ 2 Is a normal distribution of (c).
The model analyzes the cumulative production change rule of short-term yield based on a dynamic gray model, updates a gray prediction model in real time, extracts the characteristics of production parameters of each wellhead from the perspective of different environmental factors, and predicts the cumulative production result. And then, providing a general-purpose long-short-period yield prediction model, adopting a method for applying a time sequence algorithm to long-period yield prediction, combining characteristic values such as yield inflection points in short-period yield and the like with a time sequence prediction result residual by using neural network training, so as to improve the prediction precision of the long-period yield prediction model, and endowing the algorithm with the capability of real-time iterative updating.
Further, the audible and visual alarm is connected with the operation terminal and used for receiving the instruction to carry out audible and visual alarm.
The topology diagram in fig. 2 mainly shows that the core of the whole system is that the functions of display, storage, analysis, calculation and alarm are realized after signals of the field measurement equipment are received by the PLC for processing, and the data interaction is realized through the Ethernet.
In the figure 3, X1 is a power connection port of the PLC and the expansion module, QF1 is a circuit breaker for controlling the start and stop of the PLC, V1 is a 24V power supply, and H1 is a red power supply indicator lamp of the cabinet shell.
The connection circuitry of the PLC, CPU1214C is embodied in fig. 4. The DC24V-1 and the DC0V-1 are 24V power supply wiring ports, namely digital quantity input 1M and digital quantity output power supply 1L. Wherein the information circuit comprises a medium-FI 1-liquid quantity, -FI 2-water flow 1, -FI 3-water flow 2, -FI 4-oil flow 1, -FI 5-oil flow 2. SA 1-automatic/manual control valve, -SB 1-start, -SB 2-stop.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein KA1 and KA2 are reserved start-stop buttons, and KA3 and KA4 are backup buttons.
The wiring loops of the sensor information receiving channels are shown in fig. 6-8, again with DC24V-1, DC0V-1 powering three expansion modules, wherein: -B1-separator temperature, -B2-orifice pressure difference, -B3-buffer tank pressure, -B4-seal tank pressure 1, -B5-seal tank pressure 2, -B6-buffer tank temperature, -B7-seal tank temperature, -B8-liquid quantity, -B9-oil pressure, -B10-wellhead temperature, -B11-annulus pressure a, -B12-annulus pressure B, -B13-annulus pressure C, -B14-choke downstream pressure, -B15-choke downstream temperature, -B16-separator pressure.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the internal distribution of a chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly composed of three layers: the first layer is mainly a power supply and a PLC device. Comprises the following steps: EDR-120-24 power, PLC CPU1214C, PLC SM1231-1, PLC SM1231-2, PLC SM1231-3. The second floor is mainly circuit breaker relay and binding post, includes: breaker-QF, intermediate relay-KA 1, -KA2, -KA3, -KA4, terminals X4, X5. The third layer is mainly binding post, includes: x1, X2, X3.
Before the software of the acquisition system is formally put into operation, the system can check necessary parameters, so that the channel allocation, unit setting, acquisition mode, alarm mode and other basic parameter setting are completed, and then a user can click a 'start acquisition' button to start an acquisition task. If the software basic setting is not completed, the system reminds the user of which initialization setting is not completed in a window pop-up mode, and the user can perform the acquisition task after completing the initialization setting.
Before the hardware system is put into use, TIAPORAL V16 software can check the lower program, ensure that the invention program and the program downloaded into the PLC can run the PLC after no error. A user can judge whether the lower PLC is in a normal working state or not through a PLC communication signal lamp of the upper computer software. If the PLC is in a normal working state, a user side can start a data acquisition task, if the PLC is in an abnormal working state, upper software cannot be normally connected with the PLC, the user needs to check a lower computer or Ethernet connection, and the acquisition task can be started after the problem is solved.
In order to improve the practicability of the data acquisition system in the oil gas well test production stage, the invention also provides the following functions:
1) A start-stop button is reserved outside the cabinet, expansion control of a user on field equipment is met, control logic is written in advance by the bottom PLC, and the user can select a corresponding control mode in KingView software after the user is connected with an industrial control circuit, so that start-stop of corresponding equipment is completed.
2) According to the field construction operation requirement of the oil and gas field, the system sets hierarchical operation and authority management in use logic, can execute low-level operation with high-level authority, can add different user information with the highest management authority, and performs setting management on the authority of a new user. Each level adopts a personal password login mode to enter the system to execute operation.
3) For steps and equipment that may be hazardous, the system strictly specifies the order and specifications of operation, and for steps that are not hazardous and require repeated operations, the system "consolidated and packaged" such operations, giving the operator greater degrees of freedom of operation. For example, to increase the security of field operations, reserved devices are turned on and off, and only high-authority users can control them. For some channel parameters, analog parameters, observation modes, recording modes and other set values, higher-level production management personnel are allowed to adjust within a certain range, and the adaptability of production management is improved.
4) And the functions of alarming, operation prompting and online help are set, so that the reliability and usability of the safety control system are improved. In addition, the system can record the executing operation steps and the time process of each step, the real-time state of each channel, the audible and visual alarm can accurately give the fault information of each channel to the user, and the user can set the alarm mode of the corresponding channel in the software according to the field engineering requirement. And disabling alarm processing is carried out on unnecessary channels, so that the effectiveness of alarm information is improved.
5) The data acquisition system has the functions of recording operator instructions, operation steps and process parameters, and can generate production reports of parameters and processes such as operation records, alarm records, yield prediction, error records and the like of the data acquisition system. The functions are beneficial to analyzing the production operation process or accident reasons, summarizing experience, clarifying responsibility, modeling the correct operation concept of operators, developing good operation habits and improving the production management level.
The data acquisition system for the oil and gas well test production stage can assist in supervising relevant parameters (including processing, storing, displaying, analyzing, recording and transmitting sensor data) related to the wellhead in the test production process, and can complete control of field devices such as motors, valves and the like through configuration software. The data acquisition system comprises sensing equipment such as a temperature sensor, a pressure transmitter, a differential pressure meter and the like, a PLC and an audible and visual alarm, and is a comprehensive and complete oil and gas well data acquisition system.
The digital acquisition system of the invention has the advantages that the functions and requirements of hardware meet the field working conditions.
1. The device is provided with RS232 and RS485 serial ports, and can be connected with a plurality of detection instruments to realize automatic data acquisition; a USB interface is provided, so that data can be conveniently output; an RJ45 interface is provided, and a network can be accessed through a network cable.
2. The Ethernet remote transmission module is arranged in the prototype, can be accessed in a wireless mode, and is convenient for on-site networking.
3. The maximum support is 32G data storage space.
4. An audible and visual alarm is arranged so that on-site workers can find out the abnormality of the measured parameters in time and avoid accidents.
5. The user can acquire data from any industrial personal computer in the network through the interface, so that secondary development is convenient.
6. The data can be transmitted in real time by mobile measurement, and can be uploaded through a network after the test is completed.
7. In view of the operating environment, the system must be equipped with a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to avoid data loss caused by power outages.
8. And the bus interface boxes are arranged at all measuring points, and each interface box can be connected with 24 paths of sensors. The wireless interface box adopts the principle of nearby power taking, and the signal transmission is completed by wireless.
(II) compiling admission software, software requirement and function realized by operating system
The data acquisition of the production site is an important link in the quality process, and a good data acquisition scheme can relieve quality management staff from heavy work of processing data, so that more time is available for solving the actual quality problem. Therefore, the compiled acquisition software ensures the real-time data acquisition and transmission, simultaneously enables the system to realize real-time monitoring, has corresponding algorithm for accurately correcting the error and lost signal requirements, has a corresponding error reporting system, discovers problems as soon as possible, and avoids larger loss.
1. User login and system protection
The system starts to need a concise user login interface and protects the system and data.
2. The measurement unit is set:
the window can be used for setting various units used in the whole acquisition process, such as pressure, temperature, flow and the like, and a user can set the name, default range and conversion relation such as the same unit and coordinate color in a graph. The most common units are initially set. The user can set the device at any time according to the needs of the user.
3. Default sensor settings
The user can initialize all sensors to be used on the well site, and when the sensors are added later, the same sensors are not needed to be input again, so that the repeated workload is reduced. Meanwhile, the names, units, measuring ranges, formulas and colors of various sensors can be set (note: the selection suggestion of the colors is consistent with the selection of the metering units just mentioned). Most of the sensors can be initialized and new sensor data can be added if there is a need for the user.
4. Data acquisition
After the user completes the setting work of the sensor, the user can start data acquisition, close the sensor setting interface, and then can newly establish a monitoring window, wherein the data acquisition window has the following basic requirements:
(1) the user can set the name of the current monitoring window, such as a 1# procedure, a 2# procedure, and the like, and other color and coordinate settings, and can be set according to own needs and habits.
(2) All sensors that have just been scanned and added to are seen by the user as all sensors listed should accompany the main window.
(3) The user can click the button for starting acquisition at any time according to the needs of the user, and real-time data acquisition is performed.
Note that: when a user clicks on 'start acquisition' or in the acquisition process, and one or more sensors fail, a sensor list can generate 'red forks' in front of the corresponding sensors, error prompt contents are displayed on a status bar below a main window of the system, and the user can take a summary to prompt to make corresponding checks. When a user checks out the faults of corresponding sensing or replaces the fault sensor or the interface module, the user only needs to right click the sensor in the sensor setting or list window and select the sensor to restart, the acquisition is not required to be stopped, and the data is ensured to be timely, accurate and comprehensive to the greatest extent.
(4) When a user selects a certain sensor in the sensor list in the use process, the corresponding curve in the left monitoring window becomes thicker, so that the user can conveniently distinguish and monitor. In the whole monitoring window, the user can zoom in, zoom out, inquire about history, switch to the latest data and the like by using keys on the upper, lower, left and right of the keyboard.
(5) When the user right clicks the corresponding sensor curve, a shortcut menu can be popped up, and the shortcut menu can be modified and set as required, as follows: display scheme attributes: the user can change the parameters of the current monitoring window, jump and follow the latest data: jump to the current curve value and keep it always up to date.
(6) Adding notes: to illustrate the abrupt change of the curve caused by external reasons and to make annotation marks.
(7) Setting the color of a curve: display color capable of changing curve
(8) Switching coordinates: can build new ordinate according to different units
(9) The curve is removed from the graph: the curve can be moved out temporarily, and the sensors in the double click list can be restored again
Modifying data: when the curve is mutated due to interference, the modification data may modify the curve.
Displaying and hiding working conditions: and displaying and hiding the working conditions set by the user in the window. Setting working conditions: the data acquisition system can divide the whole testing process into working conditions according to user settings, and the user can set the working conditions before using the working conditions.
Display and calculation of data
The special window is used for displaying the data such as temperature, pressure difference, acquisition rate, yield calculation result and the like acquired in real time. Wherein the calculation formula of the yield can be written by the user by himself based on the programming language.
6. Derivation of data
When the user acquires all data in the middle of acquisition or after the whole process is finished, a export menu can be selected when all data and curves are exported, corresponding data are exported, and the exported excel format can be set by the user:
(1) deriving the current graph: the interface currently being seen by the user is derived.
(2) Deriving a panorama: a graph is derived throughout the acquisition phase.
(3) And (5) deriving a specified time period and a working condition graph.
(4) Copying the current graph: the current graph is copied, and the user pastes at the Word back point, so that the current graph can be exported.
(5) Deriving a current wellsite: after the whole acquisition is completed, a user can package all information and waveform diagrams of the current well site into an Excel file for export so as to store and call.
7. Data input/output
Because part of key data cannot be acquired, related information needs to be automatically input by a user, and the user can change and delete the information input by the user.
8. Data recording speed and time
The user can set parameters such as the collection rate, the collection time, the time length and the like by himself.
9. Construction record
The system needs to record the acquisition process, mainly the start and end time, the operation content, the acquisition channel and other relevant information, and the user can add the relevant information by himself or herself and save the construction record.
Yield prediction function parameter setting
Before the yield prediction function is started, a user needs to set a prediction period, and when the yield prediction curve and the historical error curve are observed, the user can change the graph display format in real time so as to facilitate the observation and the report generation.
(III) working time period
The power supply is continuously operated for 2 hours, and the standby time is as long as 3 days. So as to ensure that the functions of data acquisition, transmission, operation and the like can normally operate under the condition of unstable voltage environment.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be only illustrative of the methods and concepts underlying the invention, and not all examples are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an oil gas well test phase data acquisition system which characterized in that includes:
the sensor group is used for collecting equipment parameters of the field in the trial production stage;
the PLC is connected with the sensor group and is used for preprocessing the equipment parameters and judging whether the equipment parameters exceed a threshold value or not;
the operation terminal is connected with the PLC and used for calculating the current accumulated output according to the preprocessed equipment parameters and predicting the short-term and long-term accumulated output according to the current accumulated output; the operation terminal is also used for receiving the judging result of the PLC and sending out an instruction according to the judging result; the current accumulated output comprises a current oil accumulated output, a current water accumulated output and a current natural gas accumulated output;
and the audible and visual alarm is connected with the operation terminal and is used for receiving the instruction to carry out audible and visual alarm.
2. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the sensor group comprises: thermocouples, pressure transmitters, and differential pressure sensors.
3. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the operating terminal is further configured to display and store the equipment parameters, the cumulative production, and the predicted cumulative production.
4. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the operation terminal is further configured to generate a report and a graph according to the predicted cumulative yield.
5. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the current oil cumulative yield Q Oil (oil) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Q oil (oil) ＝96V(1-BS&W)·(1-Shr)·K·K 1
Wherein V represents the difference between readings of the oil flow meter every 15 minutes, BS&W represents the percentage of impurities such as water-containing sand slurry in crude oil, shr represents the shrinkage of crude oil, K represents the volume change coefficient, K 1 Indicating the oil flow meter correction factor.
6. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the current natural gas cumulative yield is as follows:
Figure FDA0004117069360000011
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Figure FDA0004117069360000013
Represents the volume flow of natural gas under standard reference conditions,/->
Figure FDA0004117069360000012
Represents the volume flow metering coefficient, C represents the outflow coefficient, E represents the progressive velocity coefficient, d represents the orifice plate opening diameter, F G Represents the relative density coefficient, ε represents the expansibility coefficient, F Z Representing the super-compression coefficient, F T Representing the flow temperature coefficient, P Y The absolute static pressure of the gas flow from the pressure-taking hole on the upstream side of the orifice plate is represented, and Δp represents the differential pressure generated when the gas flow passes through the orifice plate.
7. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein the current water cumulative yield calculation formula is as follows:
q v ＝f/K
q m ＝q v ρ
wherein q is v Represents the volume flow, q m Representing mass flow, f represents the frequency of the flow meter output signal, and K represents the meter coefficient of the flow meter.
8. The oil and gas well test production phase data acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein for short-term accumulated production prediction, the operation terminal performs accumulated production prediction using a dynamic gray prediction model; for long-term accumulated yield prediction, the operation terminal uses a time sequence method and uses a neural network to fit residual errors to perform accumulated yield prediction.
CN202310222007.7A 2023-03-09 2023-03-09 Data acquisition system for oil-gas well in trial production stage Pending CN116181313A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117077419A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-17 西南石油大学 Novel formation pressure analysis method for fracture-cavity oil reservoir

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117077419A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-17 西南石油大学 Novel formation pressure analysis method for fracture-cavity oil reservoir
CN117077419B (en) * 2023-08-23 2024-03-08 西南石油大学 Novel formation pressure analysis method for fracture-cavity oil reservoir

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