CN116179952A - 一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910006540 α-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
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- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
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- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板及其制造方法,成分C:0.04%‑0.07%、Si:0.25%‑0.50%、Mn:0.25%‑0.55%、P:0.060%‑0.090%、S:≤0.002%、Cr:0.30%‑0.60%、Ni:0.05%‑0.15%、Cu:0.20%‑0.40%、Alt:0.020%‑0.040%、Nb:0.020%‑0.035%、Ca:0.0010‑0.0030%,其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质元素;耐大气腐蚀指数I≥7.0;与现有技术相比,本发明通过成分和生产工艺控制,生产12‑22mm厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,具有优异的低温韧性、强塑性和良好的耐大气腐蚀性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钢铁材料领域,具体涉及一种传统热连轧板带流程生产的屈服强度400MPa级厚规格含磷耐候钢板及其制造方法。
背景技术
耐候钢是耐大气腐蚀钢的简称,具有优异的耐大气腐蚀性能,广泛应用于铁路车辆、集装箱、桥梁、建筑、户外塔架、光伏支架等制造,降低装备及构件的腐蚀速率,提高服役寿命。
耐候钢中往往添加少量Cu、P、Cr、Ni等合金元素,在基体表面形成一层致密的保护性锈层,阻止空、水等腐蚀性介质向基体扩散,使其在大气环境下具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。其中P是一种非常廉价的非金属元素,能提高钢材的耐大气腐蚀性能,还能通过固溶强化提高钢材的强度,大幅降低耐候钢的生产成本。但是,P容易在晶界偏聚,降低晶界结合力,降低钢材的低温韧性。尤其是随着钢板厚度增加,P容易在钢板厚度中心部位形成富P偏析带,在低温时显著降低厚规格钢板的韧性,从而造成“冷脆”。在传统热连轧板带流程生产厚规格含P耐候钢,铸坯压缩比受限、冷却速度较低的情况下,-40℃低温韧性控制一直是行业共性难点。
目前国内外发明专利主要采用宽厚板轧机轧制厚规格含P耐候钢板。比如:2022年6月21日公开的公开号为CN114645214A的专利公开了一种微钼高磷耐候钢及其制造方法,采用宽厚板轧机轧制,且贵重合金Mo和Ni的含量较高,制造成本大幅增加。
2022年6月24日公开的公开号为CN114657347A的专利公开了一种含铌高磷耐候钢及其制造方法,采用宽厚板轧机轧制,适用厚度规格8-130mm,仅进行20℃常温冲击,且屈服强度仅为Q295级别。
2022年6月24日公开的公开号为CN114657479A的专利公开了一种厚规格高强度且低温韧性优良的热轧耐蚀钢及其制造方法和应用,虽然采用传统热连轧板带流程生产,但是P含量较低(≤0.015%),主要通过添加Cr(1.3%-1.6%)提高耐大气腐蚀性能,制造成本增加,且采用钒氮微合金化。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板及其制造方法,采用传统热连轧流程生产,屈服强度≥400MPa,延伸率≥26%,厚度12-22mm,解决-40℃低温韧性控制难题,大大提高厚规格含P热轧耐候钢板的生产效率。
本发明具体技术方案如下:
一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,包括以下质量百分比成分:
C:0.04%-0.07%、Si:0.25%-0.50%、Mn:0.25%-0.55%、P:0.060%-0.090%、S:≤0.002%、Cr:0.30%-0.60%、Ni:0.05%-0.15%、Cu:0.20%-0.40%、Alt:0.020%-0.040%、Nb:0.020%-0.035%、Ca:0.0010-0.0030%,其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质元素。
所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的成分还满足:耐大气腐蚀指数I≥7.0;耐大气腐蚀指数I根据ASTM G101-01中修正的Legault-Leckie公式计算,I=26.01(%Cu)+3.88(%Ni)+1.20(%Cr)+1.49(%Si)+17.28(%P)-7.29(%Cu)3(%Ni)-9.10(%Ni)3(%P)-33.39(%Cu)2。
随着钢板的厚度增加,含P耐候钢的低温韧性控制愈发困难,钢板厚度h=1003(%Ni)+7,以提高厚规格钢板的低温韧性;厚度h单位是mm。
所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的厚度为:12mm<厚度≤22mm;
所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的组织为:细晶多边形铁素体+珠光体,其中塑韧性较好的多边形铁素体体积分数91-93%,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸8-10μm,以提高钢材的塑韧性,心部无磷偏析带;非金属夹杂物平均尺寸1.8-2.0μm,其中尺寸1-5μm非金属夹杂物占比96-98%。
所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的屈服强度≥400MPa,抗拉强度≥500MPa,延伸率≥26%,-40℃冲击吸收功≥120J,相对Q345B腐蚀速率<50%;具有优异的低温韧性、强塑性和良好的耐大气腐蚀性能。
本发明提供的一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的制造方法,包括以下工艺流程:
铁水预处理→转炉冶炼→精炼→连铸→板坯加热→控制轧制→控制冷却→卷取。
所述转炉冶炼:按照上述化学成分进行钢水冶炼,转炉出钢温度1650-1670℃;
所述精炼:采用LF炉造白渣还原钢包顶渣脱硫,喂入钙线进行夹杂物改性处理,弱搅时间>10min,促进钢水中的非金属夹杂上浮,提高钢水洁净度,LF出站温度1560-1580℃。
所述连铸:采用专用覆盖剂和保护渣进行保护浇铸,中包温度控制在液相线以上10-30℃,钢水镇静时间≥15min,液面波动≤±3mm。连铸采用动态轻压下和电磁搅拌,二冷段采用中等冷却强度,比水量0.8-1.0L/KG,控制铸坯中心偏析为C类≤1.0级,提高铸坯内部化学成分均匀性;铸坯切割后放置在保温坑内缓冷。
所述板坯加热:铸坯入炉温度≥500℃,采用步进式加热炉对板坯进行加热,加热温度为1170℃-1220℃,保温时间120-180min,促进合金元素充分固溶和奥氏体均匀化;板坯出炉后采用高压水除鳞,去除加热过程中产生的一次氧化铁皮。
所述控制轧制:热连轧分为粗轧和精轧两个阶段进行;粗轧阶段采用两架四辊可逆式粗轧机各轧制3个道次,轧制温度≥1050℃,总变形量≥70%。在奥氏体再结晶区进行往返轧制,采用道次大变形,促进奥氏体晶粒回复再结晶从而细化奥氏体晶粒尺寸。精轧阶段采用7架四辊轧机进行连轧,该阶段在奥氏体未再结晶区轧制,开轧温度≤1030℃。12<厚度≤18mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度60mm;18<厚度≤22mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度65mm。精轧阶段通过累计大变形,增加奥氏体晶粒内形变带和位错密度,从而增加相变形核点细化铁素体晶粒;精轧终轧温度为840-890℃。
所述控制冷却:轧制结束后采用前段密集层流冷却对钢板进行快速冷却,冷却速度为15-30℃/s;卷取温度550-610℃,卷取温度高于610℃使得铁素体晶粒和析出的二相粒子粗化,材料强度不足;卷取温度低于550℃,生成粒状贝氏体组织,降低钢材塑韧性。
本发明提供的厚规格含P热轧耐候钢板合金元素及其质量百分比设计原理如下:
C(碳):C是提高钢材强度最经济的元素,虽然能够通过间隙固溶强化显著提高材料强度,但是也会造成晶格畸变,显著降低材料的低温韧性。C含量过高会增加珠光体含量,减少铁素体含量,降低钢材的低温韧性;C含量过低,会降低材料强度。本发明为提高厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的强度和低温韧性匹配,将C含量设计为0.04-0.07%。
Si(硅):Si有利于细化腐蚀产物,促进钢材表面形成致密的保护性锈层从而提高耐大气腐蚀性能;Si还能促进铁素体组织生成,固溶于铁素体中提高其强度。但是Si含量过高会降低钢材的焊接性能,还会影响钢板的表面质量。因此本发明将Si含量设计为0.25-0.50%。
Mn(锰):Mn是钢中重要的固溶强化元素之一,提高钢材的强度。但是Mn含量过高不但会提高耐候钢制造成本,还会扩大奥氏体相区,增加过冷奥氏体稳定性,冷却过程中导致部分过冷奥氏体转变为贝氏体组织,减少铁素体的含量,影响低温韧性。因此,将其含量设计为0.25-0.55%。
P(磷):P是提高钢材耐大气腐蚀性能最经济的元素,易与空气中的氧气和水发生反应生成难溶的致密的磷酸盐,均匀地覆盖在钢基体表面,阻止氧气和水向基体渗透,从而提高钢材的耐大气腐蚀性能;还具有较强的固溶强化作用,但是P容易在晶界偏聚降低钢材的低温韧性,且增加焊接裂纹敏感性。本发明添加P提高耐大气腐蚀性能,降低耐候钢的制造成本,因此将P含量设计为0.060-0.090%;
S(硫):S是钢中的有害残余元素,易在钢中形成硫化物夹杂,恶化钢材的低温韧性和耐大气腐蚀性能。因此本发明将S含量设计为≤0.002%。
Alt(铝):Al是钢中加入的主要脱氧元素。但过高的Al会导致钢中Al的氧化物夹杂增加,降低钢材的低温韧性和耐大气腐蚀性能。因此,将其含量设计为0.020-0.040%。
Cr(铬):Cr在锈层富集促进稳定致密的α-FeOOH形成,促进阳极钝化,提高钢材耐大气腐蚀性能。Cr还能提高钢材的淬透性,促进贝氏体生成,减少铁素体体积分数,不利于提高材料韧性。因此将Cr含量设计为0.30-0.60%。
Cu(铜):Cu能显著提高钢材耐大气腐蚀性能,与Cr复合添加时效果更佳;Cu还能在冷却过程中析出细小的第二相粒子提高钢材强度。但是Cu的熔点只有1083℃,含量过高容易导致钢坯在热轧过程中产生裂纹,因此将Cu含量设计为0.20-0.40%。
Ni(镍):Ni能提高材料的自腐蚀电位,降低腐蚀倾向,提高钢材耐大气腐蚀性能;还能与Cu反应生成高熔点的Cu-Ni二元合金相,有效阻止Cu引起的铜脆;还能提高材料低温韧性。但是Ni是贵重金属元素,含量过高显著提高制造成本,因此将Ni含量设计为0.05-0.15%。
Nb(铌):Nb是强碳氮化物形成元素,抑制形变奥氏体再结晶,扩大未再结晶区,提高未再结晶区控制轧制细化晶粒作用;在冷却过程中析出纳米级第二相粒子,具有显著的细晶强化和析出强化作用,提高材料的强韧性。但是Nb含量过高会显著提高钢材制造成本,因此将其含量控制在0.020%-0.035%。
Ca(钙):Ca能促进非金属夹杂物球化,避免在非金属夹杂物的尖角处产生应力集中,导致裂纹萌生,成为裂纹扩展的快速通道,提高低温韧性。将其含量控制在0.0010%-0.0030%。
本发明为提高厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的低温韧性,获得高强度、优异的塑韧性匹配和良好的耐大气腐蚀性能,采取了以下方法:
1)采用低C-低Mn-Nb微合金化成分设计,低C增加铁素体含量,同时降低Mn含量,缩小奥氏体相区,促进过冷奥氏体向先共析铁素体转变,进一步增加铁素体体积分数。采用Nb微合金化扩大奥氏体未再结晶区,结合控轧控冷工艺细化铁素体晶粒尺寸。
2)采用P-Si-Cr-Cu-Ni协同设计,耐候指数I值≥7.0,提高Si、P含量,减少Cu、Cr、Ni含量,降低合金成本。
3)高洁净钢水冶炼,非金属夹杂物易诱发点蚀,引起应力集中成为裂纹萌生源,降低材料的低温韧性和耐大气腐蚀性能。本发明采用LF精炼提高钢水结晶度,将S含量控制在0.002%以下,喂钙线促进非金属夹杂物球化。非金属夹杂物平均尺寸1.8-2.0μm,其中尺寸1-5μm非金属夹杂物占比96-98%。
4)铸坯内部质量控制:通过钢水镇静时间、过热度、液面波动、二冷段冷却等连铸工艺参数控制,保护浇铸、动态轻压下、电磁搅拌等措施实施控制铸坯中心偏析≤C类1.0级,提高铸坯内部质量,铸坯保温坑缓冷,促进合金元素均匀扩散,从而抑制钢板心部形成磷偏析带,提高低温韧性。
5)加热、轧制、冷却全流程控轧控冷工艺设计:通过提高精轧压下率、前段密集快速冷却和卷取温度匹配设计得到细晶多边形铁素体+珠光体组织,其中塑韧性较好的多边形铁素体占比约91-93%,以提高钢材的塑韧性。
与现有技术相比,本发明通过成分和生产工艺控制,采用传统热连轧板带流程生产厚度:12-22mm的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,获得屈服强度≥400MPa,抗拉强度≥500MPa,-40℃冲击吸收功≥120J,延伸率≥26%,相对Q345B腐蚀率<50%,具有优异的低温韧性、强塑性和良好的耐大气腐蚀性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例3(厚度20mm)不同厚度位置的金相组织,本发明通过化学成分和轧制、冷却工艺控制,使得钢板表面、1/4厚度和心部的显微组织均为多边形铁素体+珠光体组织,铁素体体积分数约92%,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸9.3μm,心部无磷偏析带;
图2为对比例3厚度中心部位在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下的形貌,以及铁素体条带的面扫描结果,可见铁素体条带上存在显著的磷富集现象。
具体实施方式
实施例1-实施例4
一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,包括以下质量百分比成分:如表1所示,表1没有显示的余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
对比例1-对比例3
一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,包括以下质量百分比成分:如表1所示,表1没有显示的余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
表1本发明各实施例和对比例化学成分(wt%)
以上各实施例和对比例厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的制造方法,包括以下工艺流程:
铁水预处理→转炉冶炼→精炼→连铸→板坯加热→控制轧制→控制冷却→卷取。
按照上述表1化学成分进行钢水冶炼,转炉出钢温度1650-1670℃。精炼采用LF炉造白渣还原钢包顶渣脱硫,喂入钙线进行夹杂物改性处理,弱搅时间>10min,促进钢水中的非金属夹杂上浮,提高钢水洁净度,LF出站温度1560-1580℃。连铸采用专用覆盖剂和保护渣进行保护浇铸,中包温度控制在液相线以上10-30℃,钢水镇静时间≥15min,液面波动≤±3mm。连铸采用动态轻压下和电磁搅拌,二冷段采用中等冷却强度,比水量0.8-1.0L/KG,控制铸坯中心偏析为C类≤1.0级,提高铸坯内部化学成分均匀性。铸坯切割后放置在保温坑内缓冷。
采用步进式加热炉对板坯进行加热,加热温度为1170℃-1220℃,保温时间120-180min,板坯出炉后采用高压水除鳞,去除加热过程中产生的一次氧化铁皮。热连轧分为粗轧和精轧两个阶段进行。粗轧阶段采用两架四辊可逆式粗轧机各轧制3个道次,轧制温度≥1050℃,总变形量≥70%。精轧阶段采用7架四辊轧机进行连轧,开轧温度≤1030℃。12<厚度≤18mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度60mm;18<厚度≤22mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度65mm。精轧终轧温度为840-890℃。轧制结束后采用前段密集层流冷却对钢板进行快速冷却,冷却速度为15-30℃/s。卷取温度550-610℃。
本发明采用传统热连轧板带流程进行轧制,各实施例和对比例具体参数如表2,生产的钢板力学性能如表3所示。拉伸性能测试根据GB/T 228.1《金属材料拉伸试验第1部分:室温试验方法》进行,冷弯性能测试根据GB/T 232《金属材料弯曲试验方法》进行。冲击性能测试根据GB-T 229《金属材料夏比摆锤冲击试验方法》。
表2各实施例和对比例主要工艺参数
本发明各实施例及对比例的性能如表3所示。
表3各实施例和对比例主要性能
按照TB/T 2375《铁路用耐候钢周期浸润腐蚀试验方法》进行72h周期浸润腐蚀试验评价各实施例的耐大气腐蚀性能,腐蚀式样尺寸40mm360mm34mm,以Q345B低合金钢作为对比腐蚀试样,试验结果如表4所示。各实施例相对于Q345B低合金钢耐大气腐蚀性能提高了1倍以上,具有优良的耐大气腐蚀性能。
表4各实施例耐大气腐蚀性能
平均腐蚀失重速率,(g/(m22h)) | 相对腐蚀率,% | |
实施例1 | 2.13 | 47% |
实施例2 | 2.17 | 48% |
实施例3 | 2.06 | 46% |
实施例4 | 2.14 | 47% |
对比例1 | 2.07 | 46% |
对比例2 | 2.57 | 57% |
对比例3 | 2.20 | 49% |
Q345B | 4.52 | 100 |
以上画下划线的数据为不满足本发明要求的数据。
实施例按本发明钢种化学成分、冶炼、连铸和控轧控冷工艺控制技术所得耐候钢板屈服强度≥400MP,抗拉强度≥500MPa,延伸率≥26%,-40℃KV2≥120J,相对Q345B腐蚀速率<50%,具有高强度和优异的塑韧性匹配,可应用于极寒地区铁道车辆、建筑、铁塔等户外构件和装备制造。
而对比例1中Mn、S和P含量较高,即使按照本发明工艺生产,但是产品-40℃冲击韧性较低,延伸率较低,不满足本发明要求。对比例2中C控制不当,C含量较高,Nb添加较少,未添加Ni和Ca(对比例2中Ni和Ca含量是钢中残余量),非金属夹杂平均尺寸较大,延伸率较低,且低温韧性极差;Cu含量低,I值低于7.0,耐腐蚀性能不足。对比例3虽然成分按照本发明控制,但是生产工艺控制不得当,LF弱搅时间较短,非金属夹杂平均尺寸较高,铸坯中心偏析B2.0级别,中间坯厚度不足,精轧压下率低,钢板厚度中心存在富P偏析带,且卷取温度较高,导致产品强度较低,延伸率较低,低温韧性较差。
Claims (12)
1.一种厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板包括以下质量百分比成分:
C:0.04%-0.07%、Si:0.25%-0.50%、Mn:0.25%-0.55%、P:0.060%-0.090%、S:≤0.002%、Cr:0.30%-0.60%、Ni:0.05%-0.15%、Cu:0.20%-0.40%、Alt:0.020%-0.040%、Nb:0.020%-0.035%、Ca:0.0010-0.0030%,其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质元素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的成分满足:耐大气腐蚀指数I≥7.0。
3.根据权利要求1所述的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板厚度h=100×(%Ni)+7,厚度h单位是mm。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的厚度为:12mm<厚度≤22mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的组织为:细晶多边形铁素体+珠光体,其中塑韧性较好的多边形铁素体体积分数91-93%,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸8-10μm,以提高钢材的塑韧性,心部无磷偏析带;非金属夹杂物平均尺寸1.8-2.0μm,其中尺寸1-5μm非金属夹杂物占比96-98%。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板,其特征在于,所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的屈服强度≥400MPa,抗拉强度≥500MPa,延伸率≥26%,-40℃冲击吸收功≥120J,相对Q345B腐蚀速率<50%。
7.一种权利要求1-6任一项所述厚规格含磷热轧耐候钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述制造方法包括以下工艺流程:
铁水预处理→转炉冶炼→精炼→连铸→板坯加热→控制轧制→控制冷却→卷取。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述精炼:采用LF炉造白渣还原钢包顶渣脱硫,喂入钙线进行夹杂物改性处理,弱搅时间>10min。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述连铸:中包温度控制在液相线以上10-30℃,钢水镇静时间≥15min,液面波动≤±3mm;连铸采用动态轻压下和电磁搅拌,二冷段采用中等冷却强度,比水量0.8-1.0L/KG,控制铸坯中心偏析为C类≤1.0级。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述板坯加热:铸坯入炉温度≥500℃,采用步进式加热炉对板坯进行加热,加热温度为1170℃-1220℃,保温时间120-180min。
11.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述控制轧制:热连轧分为粗轧和精轧两个阶段进行;粗轧阶段,轧制温度≥1050℃,总变形量≥70%;精轧阶段,开轧温度≤1030℃;精轧终轧温度为840-890℃;12<厚度≤18mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度60mm;18<厚度≤22mm钢板轧制时,中间坯厚度65mm。
12.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述控制冷却:轧制结束后采用前段密集层流冷却对钢板进行快速冷却,冷却速度为15-30℃/s;卷取温度550-610℃。
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