CN116178788B - Method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud - Google Patents
Method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN116178788B CN116178788B CN202211533685.7A CN202211533685A CN116178788B CN 116178788 B CN116178788 B CN 116178788B CN 202211533685 A CN202211533685 A CN 202211533685A CN 116178788 B CN116178788 B CN 116178788B
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- chromium
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- flame retardant
- magnesium
- hydrotalcite
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010303 mechanochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UJOHNXQDVUADCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L aluminum;magnesium;carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O UJOHNXQDVUADCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940118662 aluminum carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000724 energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 mgCO 3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/78—Compounds containing aluminium and two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen and hydrogen
- C01F7/784—Layered double hydroxide, e.g. comprising nitrate, sulfate or carbonate ions as intercalating anions
- C01F7/785—Hydrotalcite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/20—Two-dimensional structures
- C01P2002/22—Two-dimensional structures layered hydroxide-type, e.g. of the hydrotalcite-type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud. According to the invention, blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud are mixed and subjected to reduction roasting, iron oxide in the blast furnace dust and chromium oxide in the chromium-containing aluminum mud are reduced to form ferrochrome, then monomer dissociation of the ferrochrome is realized through crushing and grinding, then magnetic separation is carried out, a magnetic product ferrochrome and a nonmagnetic product high-alumina slag (mainly containing alumina) are obtained, then mechanochemical reaction is carried out on the high-alumina slag, a magnesium-containing reagent and water in CO 2 atmosphere, and aluminum oxide in the high-alumina slag and magnesium in the magnesium-containing reagent react with water and carbon dioxide under the mechanochemical action to form the nano flame retardant of the magnesium-aluminum carbonate-containing hydrotalcite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud.
Background
Chromium salts have an indispensable role in national economy, and demand thereof has been increasing year by year. Chromium-containing aluminum sludge is the main solid waste of chromium salt production, wherein a considerable amount of highly toxic hexavalent chromium exists in the form of sodium chromate salt and combination with other components in the aluminum sludge. Chromium-containing aluminum sludge is discharged to the environment to contaminate soil and groundwater, and thus must be harmlessly treated prior to discharge.
The blast furnace dust is industrial solid waste obtained by dry dedusting of fine dust carried out by blast furnace gas in the blast furnace ironmaking process. The blast furnace dust has small particle size and extremely strong fluidity, is easy to float in the air and becomes fly ash harmful to human bodies. The blast furnace ash contains abundant carbon resources (10-30%) and iron resources (average grade of TFe is 30%), and elements such as lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, arsenic and the like. The blast furnace dust has uneven granularity, light weight, high porosity, rough particle surface, more alkali metal and alkaline earth metal, and is easy to form alkaline hydroxide when being reacted with water, so the blast furnace dust has stronger corrosiveness. If the blast furnace dust is directly piled up, not only a large amount of land resources are occupied, but also soil is deteriorated, and the environment is seriously polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum sludge, and the method provided by the invention can prepare the magnesium-containing aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant with excellent flame retardant performance by using the blast furnace dust and the chromium-containing aluminum sludge, so that the harm of the blast furnace dust and the chromium-containing aluminum sludge to the environment is reduced, and the efficient conversion and utilization of resources are realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, which comprises the following steps:
Mixing blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, and carrying out reduction roasting to obtain a roasting product, wherein the blast furnace dust contains carbon, iron oxide and iron simple substance, the chromium-containing aluminum mud contains chromium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the reduction roasting product comprises ferrochrome and aluminum-containing compounds;
crushing, grinding and magnetically separating the roasting product in sequence to obtain ferrochrome and high-alumina slag respectively;
Mixing the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and water, and carrying out mechanochemical reaction in a CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant.
Preferably, the blast furnace ash contains 20-45% of Fe 2O3, 5-20% of Fe 3O4, 8-35% of fixed carbon and 3-10% of iron.
Preferably, the mass percentage of Al 2O3 in the chromium-containing aluminum mud is 30-60%, and the mass percentage of Cr 2O3 in the chromium-containing aluminum mud is 10-35%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the blast furnace ash to the chromium-containing aluminum mud is (3-6): 4-7.
Preferably, the temperature of the reduction roasting is 1200-1400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60-150 min.
Preferably, the mass of the ground product with the fineness less than or equal to 0.043mm generated by grinding is 70-80% of the mass of the total ground product;
The magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation is 800-1200 GS.
Preferably, the magnesium-containing reagent comprises one or more of MgO, mgCO 3 and Mg (OH) 2.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium-containing reagent to the high-alumina slag is (8-15): 100.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the water to the high-alumina slag is (4-10): 100.
Preferably, the mechanochemical reaction is performed under ball milling conditions; the rotation speed of the ball milling is 300-500 rpm; the ball milling time is 50-80 min.
The invention provides a method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, which comprises the following steps: mixing blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, and carrying out reduction roasting to obtain a roasting product, wherein the blast furnace dust contains carbon, iron oxide and elemental iron, the chromium-containing aluminum mud contains chromium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the roasting product comprises ferrochrome and aluminum-containing compounds; crushing, grinding and magnetically separating the roasting product in sequence to obtain ferrochrome and high-alumina slag respectively; mixing the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and water, and carrying out mechanochemical reaction in a CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant. According to the invention, the blast furnace ash and the chromium-containing aluminum mud are mixed for reduction roasting, carbon in the blast furnace ash can be used as a reducing agent to promote the reduction of iron oxide of the blast furnace ash, and simultaneously promote the reduction of chromium oxide in the chromium-containing aluminum mud, and metal iron contained in the blast furnace ash can play the roles of a nucleating agent and a regulator, so that the reduction of the iron oxide and the reduction of the chromium oxide are accelerated, the melting point of a system is reduced, and the formation and growth of ferrochrome are promoted. After reduction roasting, the reduction roasting product is crushed and ground to realize monomer dissociation of ferrochrome, then the ferrochrome is recovered through magnetic separation, high-alumina slag is left, then the high-alumina slag, a magnesium-containing reagent and water are mixed, mechanochemical reaction is carried out in CO 2 atmosphere, the particle size is gradually reduced under the mechanical action, the specific surface area is continuously increased, energy conversion is generated, thereby generating atomic groups and external excitation electrons, the surface of the aluminum slag is exposed to Al 3+, the surface of the magnesium-containing reagent is exposed to Mg 2+, and then the water and CO 2 are combined, and the chemical reaction is carried out under the mechanical action, so that the nano flame retardant containing magnesium aluminum carbonate type hydrotalcite is finally generated. The hydrotalcite contains bicarbonate radical, can be heated to decompose and release carbon dioxide and water in case of fire, blocks air, reduces heat, achieves the aim of flame retardance, and the magnesium oxide and the aluminum oxide contained in the hydrotalcite are nonflammable materials, and can also achieve the aim of flame retardance. The invention not only can reduce the pollution of blast furnace ash and chromium-containing aluminum mud, but also can prepare the nano flame retardant of the magnesium-containing aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite with excellent flame retardant property, thereby realizing the high-efficiency resource conversion and utilization of the blast furnace ash and the chromium-containing aluminum mud.
In addition, the raw material components are refined in the mechanochemical process, so that the nanoscale preparation of the nano flame retardant containing the magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite is realized. The prepared nano flame retardant containing the magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite is a halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant, has excellent flame retardant effect and better compatibility with high polymer materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the ferrochrome alloy obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an EDS spectrum of the ferrochrome alloy obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of blast furnace dust in example 1;
FIG. 5 is an XRD pattern of the hydrotalcite-type nano flame retardant obtained in example 1;
fig. 6 is an XRD pattern of a typical magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite (LDHs).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, which comprises the following steps:
Mixing blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, and carrying out reduction roasting to obtain a roasting product, wherein the blast furnace dust contains carbon, iron oxide and elemental iron, the chromium-containing aluminum mud contains chromium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the roasting product comprises ferrochrome and aluminum-containing compounds;
crushing, grinding and magnetically separating the roasting product in sequence to obtain ferrochrome and high-alumina slag respectively;
Mixing the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and water, and carrying out mechanochemical reaction in a CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant.
The present invention is not limited to the specific source of the raw materials used, and may be commercially available products known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The invention mixes blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, and carries out reduction roasting to obtain a roasting product.
In the present invention, the blast furnace dust preferably contains 20 to 45% by mass of Fe 2O3, more preferably 25 to 40% by mass of Fe 3O4, more preferably 8 to 19% by mass, the fixed carbon preferably contains 8 to 35% by mass, more preferably 10 to 35% by mass, and the elemental iron preferably contains 3 to 10% by mass, more preferably 4 to 9% by mass.
In the present invention, the content of Al 2O3 in the chromium-containing aluminum paste is preferably 30 to 60% by mass, more preferably 35 to 60% by mass, and the content of Cr 2O3 is preferably 10 to 35% by mass, more preferably 13 to 35% by mass.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the blast furnace dust to the chromium-containing aluminum sludge dry weight is preferably (3-6): 4-7, more preferably (3-5): 4-7.
The mixing process of the blast furnace dust and the chromium-containing aluminum mud is not particularly limited, and the materials are uniformly mixed by adopting the mixing process which is well known in the art.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reduction roasting process is preferably to mix the blast furnace ash and the chromium-containing aluminum mud to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a crucible, and then placing the crucible in a muffle furnace for reduction roasting.
In the present invention, the temperature of the reduction roasting is preferably 1200 to 1400 ℃, more preferably 1200 to 1300 ℃, and the holding time is preferably 60 to 150min, more preferably 60 to 120min.
After the reduction roasting, the roasting product obtained by the reduction roasting is preferably cooled; the cooling mode is preferably natural cooling.
In the reduction roasting process, carbon in the blast furnace ash can be used as a reducing agent to promote the reduction of iron oxide of the blast furnace ash, and simultaneously promote the reduction of chromium oxide in chromium-containing aluminum mud, and metal iron contained in the blast furnace ash can play the roles of a nucleating agent and a regulator to accelerate the reduction of the iron oxide and the reduction of the chromium oxide, reduce the melting point of a system and promote the formation and growth of ferrochrome. After the reduction roasting is finished, the reduction roasting product is crushed and ground, so that the monomer dissociation of the ferrochrome is realized. At this time, the metal ferrochrome is recovered by magnetic separation.
After the roasting product is obtained, the roasting product is crushed to obtain a crushed material.
The crushing process is not particularly limited, and the crushing process well known in the art may be employed.
After the crushed materials are obtained, the crushed materials are ground, and a grinding product is obtained.
In the invention, the grinding is preferably wet grinding, and the wet grinding process is preferably to mix the crushed materials with water to obtain ore pulp; grinding the ore pulp.
In the present invention, the mass concentration of the crushed material in the pulp is preferably 50 to 60%, more preferably 50 to 55%; the mass of the ground product with the fineness less than or equal to 0.043mm generated by grinding is preferably 70-80% of the mass of the total ground product, more preferably 70-75%; the grinding time is preferably 15min.
After the ore grinding product is obtained, the invention carries out magnetic separation on the ore grinding product to obtain ferrochrome and residual ore pulp.
In the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic separation is preferably 800 to 1200GS, more preferably 800 to 1000GS; the magnetic separation equipment is preferably a magnetic separation tube.
After the residual ore pulp is obtained, the invention preferably filters and dries the residual ore pulp in sequence to obtain high-alumina slag.
The filtering process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a filtering process well known in the art may be used. In the invention, the drying mode is preferably drying; the drying temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃, more preferably 60-75 ℃; the drying time is preferably 50 to 100 minutes, more preferably 60 to 90 minutes.
In the present invention, the content of Al 2O3 in the high-alumina slag is preferably 40 to 80% by mass, more preferably 44 to 75% by mass.
After the high-alumina slag is obtained, the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and water are mixed, and mechanochemical reaction is carried out in the atmosphere of CO 2.
In the present invention, the magnesium-containing agent preferably includes one or more of MgO, mgCO 3, and Mg (OH) 2, more preferably MgO or Mg (OH) 2; the mass ratio of the magnesium-containing reagent to the high-alumina slag is preferably (8-15): 100, more preferably (8-12): 100; the mass ratio of the water to the high-alumina slag is preferably (4 to 10): 100, more preferably (4 to 8): 100.
In the present invention, the mechanochemical reaction is preferably performed under the condition of ball milling; the rotation speed of the ball mill is preferably 300-500 rpm, more preferably 300-400 rpm; the ball milling time is preferably 50 to 80 minutes, more preferably 50 to 70 minutes.
In the present invention, the ball milling apparatus is preferably a planetary ball mill; the material of the grinding balls in the planetary ball mill is preferably zirconia, and the diameter of the grinding balls is preferably 5-20 mm, more preferably mixed grinding balls with diameters of 5mm, 12mm and 20 mm; the mass ratio of the grinding balls with the diameters of 5mm, 12mm and 20mm in the mixed grinding balls is preferably 4:3:3; the volume ratio of the mixture obtained by mixing the grinding balls with the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and the water is preferably (3-8): 1, more preferably (3-5): 1.
In the invention, the ball milling mode is preferably intermittent ball milling with positive and negative alternate rotation; the intermittent ball milling is preferably performed for 3-5 min at intervals of 1-3 min, more preferably for 1-2 min, and for 3-4 min; in the invention, CO 2 -containing gas is preferably introduced in the ball milling process; the volume concentration of CO 2 in the CO 2 -containing gas is preferably 80 to 100%, more preferably 80 to 90%.
Mechanochemistry is a chemical reaction that generates a large number of lattice defects, dislocations and vacancies by mechanical force, induces structural changes, changes reactivity, and is not performed under ordinary conditions. The mechanical force can improve the activity of the solid, generally lattice defects or distortion are generated in the mechanochemical process, the specific surface area and the crushed new surface are increased, and atomic groups and external electrons (the surfaces of metal and metal oxide) are generated, so that the effect of activating the solid material is achieved, and the activity of solid reaction is improved. For inorganic materials, as the inorganic materials belong to brittle materials, the granularity is small in the mechanical crushing process, lattice distortion and collapse are easy to occur, the surface crystal structure is strongly destroyed to form an amorphous layer, and along with the gradual amorphization of the whole inorganic particles in the activation process, the solubility is improved, the density is reduced, and the ion exchange capacity and the surface adsorption capacity are enhanced. Mechanical force activation is an effective way to modify inorganic materials, producing composite inorganic materials. Under the action of mechanochemistry, the high-alumina slag and the magnesium-containing reagent are subjected to physical changes such as splitting, breaking, deformation, volume refinement and the like, the size of particles is gradually reduced and the specific surface area is continuously increased under the action of the mechanochemistry, energy conversion is generated, so that atom groups and external excitation electrons are generated, the surface of the aluminum slag is exposed to Al 3+, the surface of the magnesium-containing reagent is exposed to Mg 2+, and then chemical reaction is carried out under the action of the mechanochemistry by combining with the addition of water and CO 2, so that magnesium-aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite is finally generated; the preparation process of the magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite is subjected to the following chemical transformation:
after the mechanochemical reaction, the product obtained by the mechanochemical reaction is centrifuged and dried in sequence to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant.
In the present invention, the centrifugal apparatus is preferably a centrifuge; the rotational speed of the centrifugation is preferably 8000 to 12000rpm, more preferably 8000 to 10000rpm; the time of the centrifugation is preferably 3 to 8 minutes, more preferably 3 to 5 minutes; the drying temperature is preferably 60 to 70 ℃, more preferably 60 to 65 ℃; the drying time is preferably 60 to 120 minutes, more preferably 60 to 100 minutes.
In the present invention, the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant preferably has a mass percentage of hydrotalcite of 80 to 95%, more preferably 85 to 95%; the particle size of the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant is preferably less than or equal to 100nm.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a flame retardant using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum sludge according to the present invention. In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, chromium-containing aluminum mud and blast furnace ash are uniformly mixed for reduction roasting, then crushing, grinding and magnetic separation are sequentially carried out to obtain ferrochrome and high-alumina slag, and after the high-alumina slag, water and a magnesium-containing reagent are subjected to a mechanochemical process in a CO 2 atmosphere, the high-alumina slag, water and a magnesium-containing reagent are centrifuged and dried to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant.
The hydrotalcite contains bicarbonate radical, can be heated to decompose and release carbon dioxide and water in case of fire, blocks air, reduces heat, achieves the aim of flame retardance, and the magnesium oxide and the aluminum oxide contained in the hydrotalcite are nonflammable materials, and can also achieve the aim of flame retardance. The invention not only can recycle iron and chromium from blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, but also can prepare the nano flame retardant containing magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite with excellent flame retardant property, and the prepared hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant is a halogen-free environment-friendly flame retardant, has excellent flame retardant effect and better compatibility with high polymer materials. The invention not only reduces the sludge generated by two solid wastes, namely blast furnace ash and chromium-containing aluminum sludge, but also realizes the efficient resource conversion and utilization of the two solid wastes.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing blast furnace ash (containing Fe 2O321.38wt.％,Fe3O4 18.14.14 wt%, fixed carbon (C) 11.56 wt%, metal Fe9.78 wt%) and chromium-containing aluminum mud (containing Al 2O335.71wt.％、Cr2O3 14.22.22 wt%) at a dry weight ratio of 3:7 uniformly, placing into a crucible, placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, carrying out reduction roasting at 1200 ℃ for 150min, taking out the crucible from the muffle furnace, naturally cooling, and taking out a roasting product from the crucible;
grinding ore pulp (the mass concentration of crushed materials in ore pulp is 50%) obtained by mixing crushed materials obtained by crushing a roasting product with water for 15min, wherein the mass of the ground ore product with the fineness less than or equal to 0.043mm generated by grinding is 70.45% of the total mass of the ground ore product, and then carrying out magnetic separation by using a magnetic separation tube, wherein the magnetic field strength is 1200GS, so as to obtain a magnetic product ferrochrome (containing 84.55wt.% of metal iron and 14.15 wt.%);
Filtering the residual slurry, and drying at 60 ℃ for 90min to obtain high-alumina slag (containing Al 2O3, 44.85%);
Uniformly mixing high-alumina slag, mgO (the mass ratio of MgO to the high-alumina slag is 8:100) and water (the mass ratio of water to the high-alumina slag is 4:100), putting into a planetary ball mill, performing intermittent ball milling with positive and negative alternate rotation, wherein the grinding balls are zirconia grinding balls with the mass ratio of 4:3:3 and the diameters of 5mm, 12mm and 20mm, the volume ratio of the grinding balls to the mixture of the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and the water is 3:1, the rotating speed is 300rpm, the total ball milling time is 50min, wherein CO 2 -containing gas is introduced every 1min, the ball milling is 3min, and the volume concentration of CO 2 is 80%;
After ball grinding, the ball-milled product is put into a centrifuge, centrifuged at 8000rpm for 8min and dried at 60 ℃ for 120min to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant (the mass percent of hydrotalcite is 84.32 percent and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 nm).
Example 2
Mixing blast furnace ash (containing 8.34wt.% of Fe 2O343.56wt.％,Fe3O4, 25.63wt.% of fixed carbon (C), and 5.73wt.% of metal Fe) and chromium-containing aluminum sludge (containing 2O347.83wt.％、Cr2O3 22.78.78 wt.%) at a dry weight ratio of 5:5 uniformly, placing the mixture in a crucible, placing the crucible in a muffle furnace, performing reduction roasting at 1300 ℃ for 90min, taking the crucible out of the muffle furnace, and taking a roasting product out of the crucible after natural cooling;
Grinding ore pulp (the mass concentration of crushed materials in ore pulp is 55%) obtained by mixing crushed materials obtained by crushing a roasting product with water for 15min, wherein the mass of the ground ore product with the fineness less than or equal to 0.043mm generated by grinding is 73.42% of the total mass of the ground ore product, and then carrying out magnetic separation by using a magnetic separation tube, wherein the magnetic field strength is 1000GS, so as to obtain a magnetic product ferrochrome (containing 81.34wt.% of metallic iron, cr18.23 wt.%);
Filtering the residual slurry, and drying at 70 ℃ for 60min to obtain high-alumina slag (containing Al 2O3 and 64.34%);
Uniformly mixing high-alumina slag, mgO (the mass ratio of MgO to the high-alumina slag is 12:100) and water (the mass ratio of water to the high-alumina slag is 8:100), putting into a planetary ball mill, performing intermittent ball milling with positive and negative alternate rotation, wherein the grinding balls are zirconia grinding balls with the mass ratio of 4:3:3 and the diameters of 5mm, 12mm and 20mm, the volume ratio of the grinding balls to the mixture of the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and the water is 5:1, the rotating speed is 400rpm, the total ball milling time is 70min, wherein CO-containing 2 gas is introduced every 2min and the ball milling time is 4min, and the volume concentration of CO 2 is 90 percent in the ball milling process;
After ball milling is completed, the ball-milled product is put into a centrifuge, centrifuged for 5min at 10000rpm, and dried for 90min at 65 ℃ to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant (the mass percent of hydrotalcite is 93.16 percent, and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 nm).
Example 3
Mixing blast furnace ash (containing Fe 2O338.17wt.％,Fe3O4 14.68.68 wt%, fixed carbon (C) 34.77 wt%, metal Fe3.14 wt%) and chromium-containing aluminum mud (containing Al 2O359.47wt.％、Cr2O3 34.61.61 wt%) at a mass ratio of 6:4, placing into a crucible, placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, performing reduction roasting at 1400 ℃ for 60min, taking the crucible out of the muffle furnace, and taking the roasted product out of the crucible after natural cooling;
Grinding ore pulp (the mass concentration of crushed materials in ore pulp is 60%) obtained by mixing crushed materials obtained by crushing a roasting product with water for 15min, wherein the mass of the ground ore product with the fineness less than or equal to 0.043mm generated by grinding is 79.61% of the total mass of the ground ore product, and then carrying out magnetic separation by using a magnetic separation tube, wherein the magnetic field strength is 800GS, so as to obtain a magnetic product ferrochrome (containing 75.79wt.% of metallic iron, cr23.86 wt.%);
Filtering the residual slurry, and drying at 75 ℃ for 50min to obtain high-alumina slag (containing Al 2O3 79.93%);
Uniformly mixing high-alumina slag, mgO (the mass ratio of MgO to the high-alumina slag is 15:100) and water (the mass ratio of water to the high-alumina slag is 10:100), putting into a planetary ball mill, performing intermittent ball milling with positive and negative alternate rotation, wherein the grinding balls are zirconia grinding balls with the mass ratio of 4:3:3 and the diameters of 5mm, 12mm and 20mm, the volume ratio of the grinding balls to the mixture obtained by mixing the high-alumina slag, the magnesium-containing reagent and the water is 8:1, the rotating speed is 500rpm, the total ball milling time is 80min, wherein CO-containing 2 gas is introduced every 3min and the ball milling time is 5min, and the volume concentration of CO 2 is 100%;
after ball milling is completed, the ball-milled product is put into a centrifuge, centrifuged for 4min at 12000rpm, and dried for 60min at 70 ℃ to obtain the hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant (the mass percent of hydrotalcite is 89.68 percent, and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 nm).
Comparative example 1
Pure ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was used as a comparative example.
Performance testing
(1) To test the flame retardant effect of the magnalium carbonate-containing hydrotalcite obtained in examples 1 to 3, it was prepared with an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer into a flame retardant composite material (wherein the percentage of the nano flame retardant is 50%), and the preparation method of the composite material specifically comprises: placing a proper amount of ethylene-vinyl acetate material into an internal mixer, banburying at 130 ℃ and 35r/min, adding a nano flame retardant with the same mass as ethylene-vinyl acetate into the internal mixer after the ethylene-vinyl acetate material is completely melted, banburying for 18min, and taking out; and (3) hot-pressing the composite material obtained by the internal mixer in a die of a tablet press for 15min at 130 ℃ under 15Mpa, cold-pressing for 5min under the same pressure, taking out a sample, and cutting the sample into squares with the dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 100mm and the thickness of 10mm according to the required size of the experimental test of a cone calorimeter. In addition, a pure ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was used as a comparative example. Flame retardant performance tests (including ignition time, average Heat Release Rate (AHRR), peak heat release (PHRR), total Heat Release (THR), and burn time) were conducted on examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 using a Stanton Redcroft cone calorimeter according to ISO 5660 standard, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 flame retardant properties of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the nano flame retardant of the hydrotalcite containing magnesium aluminum carbonate prepared by using blast furnace ash and chromium-containing aluminum mud has longer ignition time, lower average heat release rate, lower heat release peak value and total heat release and longer combustion time compared with pure ethylene-vinyl acetate material, and shows that the nano flame retardant of the hydrotalcite prepared by the invention has more excellent flame retardant property.
(2) The ferrochrome alloy obtained in example 1 was scanned by a scanning electron microscope, and the result is shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, white is ferrochrome and gray is an aluminum-containing mineral. Through a scanning electron microscope image, the ferrochrome alloy is reduced in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere and is gathered together to form larger particles, the granularity is more than 200 mu m, the limit of the ferrochrome alloy and the peripheral aluminum-containing minerals are well defined, and better separation can be realized through grinding and magnetic separation.
(3) The ferrochrome alloy obtained in example 1 was tested by EDS spectrometer and the results are shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the EDS spectrum scan shows that the white material is mainly chromium-iron alloy composed of chromium and iron, and is relatively pure and substantially free of other impurities.
(4) The blast furnace dust in example 1 was tested by an X-ray diffractometer and the results are shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the main components in the blast furnace dust are Fe 2O3、Fe3O4, fe and carbon (C).
(5) The nano flame retardant obtained in example 1 was tested by an X-ray diffractometer, and the magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite was represented by LDHs, and the results are shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, compared with XRD pattern of blast furnace ash, the product prepared by the method provided by the invention is mainly magnesia-alumina carbonate hydrotalcite, and the content of the magnesia-alumina carbonate hydrotalcite is 84.32%. As compared with the typical magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite of FIG. 6, diffraction peaks were found to be substantially identical, indicating that the magnesium aluminum carbonate hydrotalcite obtained was relatively pure.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, according to which one can obtain other embodiments without inventiveness, these embodiments are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant by using blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Mixing blast furnace dust and chromium-containing aluminum mud, and carrying out reduction roasting to obtain a roasting product, wherein the blast furnace dust contains carbon, iron oxide and elemental iron, the chromium-containing aluminum mud contains chromium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the roasting product comprises ferrochrome and aluminum-containing compounds;
crushing, grinding and magnetically separating the roasting product in sequence to obtain ferrochrome and high-alumina slag respectively;
mixing the high-alumina slag, a magnesium-containing reagent and water, and performing mechanochemical reaction in a CO 2 atmosphere to obtain a hydrotalcite-containing nano flame retardant;
The blast furnace ash comprises 20-45% of Fe 2O3 -20% of Fe 3O4, 8-35% of fixed carbon and 3-10% of iron simple substance;
the mass ratio of the blast furnace ash to the chromium-containing aluminum mud is (3-6) (4-7);
The magnesium-containing reagent comprises one or more of MgO, mgCO 3 and Mg (OH) 2;
the mechanochemical reaction is carried out under the condition of ball milling;
the rotation speed of the ball milling is 300-500 rpm; the ball milling time is 50-80 min.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chromium-containing aluminum sludge contains 30 to 60% by mass of Al 2O3 and 10 to 35% by mass of Cr 2O3.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the reduction roasting is 1200-1400 ℃ and the holding time is 60-150 min.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the ground product with the fineness of less than or equal to 0.043mm produced by grinding is 70-80% of the total ground product mass;
The magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation is 800-1200 GS.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium-containing reagent to the high alumina slag is (8-15): 100.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the high alumina slag is (4-10): 100.
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