CN116178055B - Twice-fired decorative porcelain matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Twice-fired decorative porcelain matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116178055B CN116178055B CN202310432415.5A CN202310432415A CN116178055B CN 116178055 B CN116178055 B CN 116178055B CN 202310432415 A CN202310432415 A CN 202310432415A CN 116178055 B CN116178055 B CN 116178055B
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium zirconium Chemical compound [V].[V].[Zr] PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 50
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003845 household chemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001448624 Miliaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011451 fired brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a twice-fired decorative porcelain matrix and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of building ceramics, wherein the twice-fired decorative porcelain matrix comprises a porcelain matrix, a low Wen Mo water layer, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer; the glaze layer is formed by sintering high-temperature dry grains and low-temperature dry grains, the porcelain body finished product is formed by secondarily sintering a porcelain body with low-temperature ink, and the gloss oil layer is formed by coating gloss oil on the surface of the glaze layer and solidifying. The secondary firing decoration porcelain matrix carries out composite decoration on the porcelain matrix through the low temperature Mo Shuiceng, the glaze layer and the gloss oil layer, and can be produced according to the textures and the colors required by customers, so that the product has the aesthetic property of pattern printing. The low-temperature ink layer can improve the brightness, the Mohs hardness and the chemical corrosion resistance are also improved, so that the wear resistance is improved, and the matte phenomenon caused by printing on the firing of the secondary ceramic tile in the prior art is solved through the cooperation of the low-temperature Mo Shuiceng, the glaze layer and the gloss oil layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building ceramics, in particular to a twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with popularization and progress of ceramic ink-jet printing technology in the building ceramic industry, the adjustment of the texture and the color of the ceramic tile according to the needs is not difficult, and fine color adjustment can be realized through accurate alignment printing. However, in the existing building ceramic industry, the textures and colors of the tiles are determined during preparation, mass production is carried out through a kiln firing production line, and a small number of tiles with specified textures and colors cannot be produced according to the needs of customers, so that the textures and colors of the existing tiles cannot be customized individually, and the requirements of users cannot be met.
In the prior art, a process of adding decoration to a fired brick body and then firing the brick body for the second time is provided. However, as the decoration layer is decorated on the surface of the once-fired ceramic tile, and the water absorption rate of the once-fired ceramic tile is low, the decoration layer cannot obtain good wettability and adsorptivity on the surface of the ceramic tile substrate, and when the decorated ceramic tile substrate is subjected to secondary sintering, the phenomenon that the product looks uneven in glossiness from the side surface is easily caused; in addition, the problem of pattern matt and local pattern blurring is easily caused due to insufficient ink penetrability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a secondary firing decorative porcelain substrate so as to solve the problem that the secondary firing pattern is matte due to insufficient ink permeability of the porcelain tile. The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate, so as to solve the problems that the fired ceramic tile has uneven glossiness and local pattern blurring from the side surface.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a secondary firing decorative porcelain matrix, which comprises a porcelain matrix, a low Wen Mo water layer, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer; the glaze layer is formed by sintering high-temperature dry grains and low-temperature dry grains, the porcelain body finished product is formed by secondarily sintering a porcelain body with low-temperature ink, and the gloss oil layer is formed by coating gloss oil on the surface of the glaze layer and solidifying;
the low-temperature ink layer is formed by sintering low Wen Moshui, and the low-temperature ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 to 85 parts of common ceramic ink, 10 to 15 parts of pigment, 20 to 25 parts of ink frit, 2 to 5 parts of dispersing agent, 1 to 3 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 to 0.5 part of leveling agent and 1 to 2 parts of auxiliary agent;
the gloss oil comprises the following components of aqueous resin, curing agent and water, wherein the mass ratio of the aqueous resin to the curing agent to the water is (1-1.5): (0.3-0.5): (0.2-0.4).
The twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10 to 20 parts of quartz powder, 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide, 3 to 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 25 to 35 parts of anorthite, 10 to 26 parts of albite, 20 to 28 parts of calcite, 5 to 10 parts of calcined talcum and 3 to 7 parts of strontium carbonate.
The twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 to 30 parts of quartz powder, 15 to 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 to 20 parts of albite, 5 to 10 parts of calcite, 3 to 6 parts of calcined talcum, 15 to 20 parts of alumina, 10 to 20 parts of zirconia, 10 to 15 parts of wollastonite and 5 to 10 parts of kaolin.
The mass ratio of the low-temperature dry particles to the high-temperature dry particles is (6-8): (2-4).
The pigment comprises one or a combination of more of vanadium yellow, vanadium zirconium blue, red brown, cobalt blue, cobalt black, malachite green and tin antimony ash.
The secondary firing decorative porcelain matrix comprises any one or more of a condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, a water-soluble high molecular polymer and an oil-soluble high molecular polymer;
the defoamer comprises any one or more of polyether defoamer, higher alcohol defoamer and mineral oil defoamer;
the leveling agent is polyether polyester modified organic siloxane;
the auxiliary agent comprises any one or more of polyethylene binder, polypropylene binder and naphthene precipitant.
The ceramic matrix is decorated by the secondary firing, and comprises one of ceramic bricks and ceramic brick bodies.
The twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2 to 5 parts of Jili aluminum sand, 20 to 30 parts of star river sand, 25 to 35 parts of potassium sodium stone powder, 4 to 7 parts of sand sugar bauxite, 5 to 8 parts of bentonite and 10 to 15 parts of waste brick powder.
The invention provides a preparation method of a twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate, which is used for preparing the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate and comprises the following steps of:
preparing a porcelain matrix: the green body of the porcelain matrix is subjected to primary firing to obtain a primary fired porcelain matrix;
preparation low Wen Moshui: mixing all the components of the low-temperature ink according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-temperature ink;
printing patterns: printing patterns on the surface of the porcelain matrix which is fired at one time by using low-temperature ink to form a pattern layer;
preparing low-temperature dry particles and high-temperature dry particles: mixing the raw materials of the low-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the low-temperature dry granules; mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the high-temperature dry granules;
cloth Shi Diwen dry particles and high temperature dry particles: uniformly mixing the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles according to a proportion, sieving the mixture by a 40-60-mesh sieve, and uniformly spreading the mixture on the surface of the pattern layer;
and (3) microwave sintering: performing secondary firing by adopting a microwave sintering process to obtain a semi-finished product;
coating gloss oil: and (3) coating gloss oil on the surface of the semi-finished product to obtain the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate.
The preparation method of the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate comprises the steps of microwave sintering, wherein the microwave sintering temperature is 650-800 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than or equal to 5 ℃/min in the stage of normal temperature to 300 ℃ in the microwave sintering process, and the microwave sintering time is 80-150 min.
One technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the secondary firing decoration porcelain matrix is matched with low-temperature ink, high-temperature dry particles, low Wen Ganli and gloss oil to form a corresponding low-temperature Mo Shuiceng, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer, and the porcelain matrix is subjected to composite decoration, so that small quantity of personalized customization production can be performed according to the textures and the colors required by customers, the product has the aesthetic property of pattern printing, and the requirements of users are met.
Moreover, the low-temperature ink layer can improve the brightness, the Mohs hardness and the chemical corrosion resistance are also improved, so that the wear resistance is improved, and the matte phenomenon caused by printing on the firing of the secondary ceramic tile in the prior art is solved through the cooperation of the low-temperature Mo Shuiceng, the glaze layer and the gloss oil layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the appearance of one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an external view schematically showing an example of unused gloss oil.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. The present invention is described more fully below in order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
The examples are not to be construed as limiting the specific techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or as per the specifications of the product. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a secondary firing decorative porcelain substrate, comprising a porcelain substrate, a low Wen Mo water layer, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer; the glaze layer is formed by sintering high-temperature dry grains and low-temperature dry grains, the porcelain body finished product is formed by secondarily sintering a porcelain body with low-temperature ink, and the gloss oil layer is formed by coating gloss oil on the surface of the glaze layer and solidifying;
the low-temperature ink layer is formed by sintering low Wen Moshui, and the low-temperature ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 to 85 parts of common ceramic ink, 10 to 15 parts of pigment, 20 to 25 parts of ink frit, 2 to 5 parts of dispersing agent, 1 to 3 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 to 0.5 part of leveling agent and 1 to 2 parts of auxiliary agent;
the gloss oil comprises the following components of aqueous resin, curing agent and water, wherein the mass ratio of the aqueous resin to the curing agent to the water is (1-1.5): (0.3-0.5): (0.2-0.4).
The secondary firing decoration porcelain matrix is matched with low-temperature ink, high-temperature dry particles, low Wen Ganli and gloss oil to form a corresponding low-temperature Mo Shuiceng, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer, and the porcelain matrix is subjected to composite decoration, so that small quantity of personalized customization production can be performed according to the textures and the colors required by customers, the product has the aesthetic property of pattern printing, and the requirements of users are met.
Meanwhile, two kinds of dry grains are used for distribution, and the high-temperature dry grains and the low-temperature dry grains are used in a matched mode, so that the light-transmitting effect is shown due to the burning effect of the low-temperature dry grains, the matte effect is shown due to the burning effect of the high-temperature dry grains, the dry grains with alternate brightness are shown by the composite use, the secondary sintering decorative porcelain substrate has layering effect, and the ornamental value of the product is improved; in addition, the gloss oil layer can make the glossiness of the surface of the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate higher, and the overall glossiness of the surface of the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate is more uniform.
The low-temperature ink layer is formed by sintering low Wen Moshui, the low-temperature ink components are compounded by using the conventional commercial common ceramic ink, the stability of the low-temperature ink is enhanced by a dispersing agent, the ink saturation is provided, and the color is more vivid; after being compounded, the low Wen Moshui has better color development effect at 600-800 ℃. Through the formula, the surface tension of the common ceramic ink on the porcelain matrix is improved, so that the low-temperature ink is more suitable for the porcelain matrix, and the color development effect of the printed pattern is improved. The advection agent can effectively reduce the surface tension of the coating liquid, and can promote the coating to form a smooth, even coating film in the drying and film forming process. When the low temperature ink is contacted with the porcelain substrate, a liquid-solid interface is formed in a very short time, and the amount of surfactant molecules transferred to the liquid-solid interface in a short time determines the final wetting effect. Through the cooperation of dispersant, defoamer, flatting agent and auxiliary agent for the dynamic surface tension of low temperature ink is less, and the wetting effect is good, thereby makes the degree of combination of low temperature ink and porcelain base member higher, avoids the dull and fuzzy problem in pattern and pattern border, thereby avoids the distortion of pattern. In addition, the viscosity of the common ceramic ink is regulated, the influence of the viscosity of the ceramic ink on the printing effect is avoided, and the blocking of spray holes caused by the overhigh viscosity is prevented.
The common ceramic inks are commercially available and include dao, kang Litai, merits, glory, trilobate, etc.
The ink frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15-30% SiO 2 、3～6%K 2 O、5～8%Na 2 O、5～20%B 2 O 3 、5～12%Li 2 O and 1-5% ZnO. Wherein SiO in the ink frit 2 The content of (C) is not more than 30%, when SiO 2 Above 30%, reddish brown greenish yellow or dark brown shades may appear, resulting in a color distortion of reddish brown. In addition, znO is also introduced into the ink frit, so that the color development of the low-temperature ink is more vivid, the saturation and the bonding degree are high, but the ZnO content is not too high, and the ZnO content is higher than 5 percent, so that the natural color tone is lightened.
The gloss oil is specifically synthetic resin, belongs to one kind of self-varnish, and shines after film formation, so that the gloss of the surface of the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate is higher. The addition amount of the curing agent depends on the amount of oil and water, and excessive addition of the curing agent can cause excessive drying of a gloss oil layer, and unpredictable diseases such as miliaria, uneven paint surface, orange peel and the like can occur; if too little is added, the article will not cure completely or even not. The aqueous resin includes silicone resin, acrylic resin and polyurethane resin.
Specifically, the low-temperature dry particles comprise the following components in parts by weight:
10 to 20 parts of quartz powder, 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide, 3 to 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 25 to 35 parts of anorthite, 10 to 26 parts of albite, 20 to 28 parts of calcite, 5 to 10 parts of calcined talcum and 3 to 7 parts of strontium carbonate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the low temperature dry pellets comprise the above components, and the melting temperature of the low temperature dry pellets is 700 ℃ to 800 ℃. The low temperature dry particles are used to improve surface gloss, hardness and resistance to household chemical attack. The low-temperature dry particles contain zinc oxide and strontium carbonate, and when reaching the melting temperature, the low-temperature dry particles can be melted into transparent dry particles, so that the color part of the pattern becomes more gorgeous and transparent, and the color development of the secondary sintering decorative porcelain matrix is facilitated. The low-temperature dry granules have more fluxing agent, anorthite crystals can be separated out at low temperature, and the anorthite can be used as a fluxing agent to reduce the sintering temperature when being sintered, so that the low-temperature dry granules have certain glossiness at low temperature, and the anorthite has higher hardness and warm hand feeling.
Specifically, the high-temperature dry particles comprise the following components in parts by weight:
20 to 30 parts of quartz powder, 15 to 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 to 20 parts of albite, 5 to 10 parts of calcite, 3 to 6 parts of calcined talcum, 15 to 20 parts of alumina, 10 to 20 parts of zirconia, 10 to 15 parts of wollastonite and 5 to 10 parts of kaolin.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high temperature dry pellets comprise the above components and have a melting temperature of 1050 ℃ to 1200 ℃. The high-temperature dry particles have the advantages that the aluminum oxide and the zirconium oxide exist, the content is high, the sintering temperature is high, so that the burnt effect presents a matte feel, the glossiness is low, and the dry particles with alternate brightness are produced by being matched with the low-temperature dry particles.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the low-temperature dry particles to the high-temperature dry particles is (6-8): (2-4). In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the low temperature dry particles to the high temperature dry particles is (6 to 8): (2-4), in the above ratio, a preferable dry grain effect of alternately bright and dark can be produced.
Specifically, the pigment comprises one or more of vanadium yellow, vanadium zirconium blue, red brown, cobalt blue, cobalt black, malachite green and tin antimony ash.
The pigment comprises the above types and the matching combination of the above pigments, and a large number of colors can be prepared through the matching of the above pigments, so as to meet the demands of customers.
Specifically, the dispersing agent comprises any one or more of a condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, a water-soluble high molecular polymer and an oil-soluble high molecular polymer;
the defoamer comprises any one or more of polyether defoamer, higher alcohol defoamer and mineral oil defoamer;
the leveling agent is polyether polyester modified organic siloxane;
the auxiliary agent comprises any one or more of polyethylene binder, polypropylene binder and naphthene precipitant.
The dispersing agent is used for improving the material dispersion performance, increasing the storage stability and improving the smoothness and layering of the ink. The defoamer is used for reducing the surface tension and preventing foam from forming; the leveling agent is used for improving gloss, increasing leveling effect, adjusting surface tension and fluidity of ink, so that the pattern effect of printed patterns is better; the auxiliary agent can avoid uneven deposition, thereby avoiding occurrence of coffee rings. Among the auxiliary agents, the binding agent can improve the smoothness and layering of the ink; the anti-settling agent can improve the stability of the ink, and can ensure that the pigment in the ink is permanently and uniformly distributed in a static or dynamic environment without settling.
Specifically, the porcelain matrix comprises one of a porcelain brick and a porcelain brick body. In practical applications, the ceramic matrix may be a ceramic tile, or a tile body with a ceramic surface. The firing temperature of the brick body with the surface subjected to porcelain is 1150-1160 ℃.
Specifically, the porcelain tile comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2 to 5 parts of Jili aluminum sand, 20 to 30 parts of star river sand, 25 to 35 parts of potassium sodium stone powder, 4 to 7 parts of sand sugar bauxite, 5 to 8 parts of bentonite and 10 to 15 parts of waste brick powder.
The firing temperature of the ceramic tile is 1000-1120 ℃. Bentonite is introduced into the formula of the porcelain tile to replace kaolin, so that the optimization of the formula is realized. Although bentonite and kaolin both belong to the class of clay minerals, the two differ significantly. The main component of bentonite is montmorillonite, which belongs to an aluminosilicate, and the ratio of silica to water aluminum is 2:1, namely, a wafer unit formed by combining two silica sheets and a water aluminum sheet is mutually overlapped. Both sides of each crystal layer are respectively provided with O 2- Ions cannot form bonds between crystal layers during superposition, but are connected through bridge oxygen, the connecting force is weak, and the crystal layers are easy to crack, so that the crystal grains of bentonite are smaller than those of kaolinite. The kaolin wafer is bonded by hydrogen bond, so that water molecules and other ions are difficult to soak between the layers and form larger particles, so that the kaolin wafer has weaker adhesiveness and plasticity. Thus, the ceramic tile incorporates bentonite, making the tile more viscous, plastic and water absorbent than ceramic tiles containing kaolin.
The invention provides a preparation method of a twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate, which is used for preparing the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate and comprises the following steps of:
preparing a porcelain matrix: the green body of the porcelain matrix is subjected to primary firing to obtain a primary fired porcelain matrix;
preparation low Wen Moshui: mixing all the components of the low-temperature ink according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-temperature ink;
printing patterns: printing patterns on the surface of the porcelain matrix which is fired at one time by using low-temperature ink to form a pattern layer;
preparing low-temperature dry particles and high-temperature dry particles: mixing the raw materials of the low-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the low-temperature dry granules; mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the high-temperature dry granules;
cloth Shi Diwen dry particles and high temperature dry particles: uniformly mixing the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles according to a proportion, sieving the mixture by a 40-60-mesh sieve, and uniformly spreading the mixture on the surface of the pattern layer;
and (3) microwave sintering: performing secondary firing by adopting a microwave sintering process to obtain a semi-finished product;
coating gloss oil: and (3) coating gloss oil on the surface of the semi-finished product to obtain the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate.
In the prior art, the sintering temperature of ceramic products is generally higher than 1160 ℃, and the preparation method adopts a microwave sintering mode for sintering, and has the characteristics of rapid heating, low sintering temperature, material tissue refinement and ceramic material performance improvement. And the sintering range of microwave sintering is wide, the sintering atmosphere in the furnace is complete, and compared with the conventional sintering, the microwave sintering has no temperature difference problem. The chemical composition of the blank is as follows: 60 to 70 percent of SiO 2 、15～20%Al 2 O 3 1 to 3 percent of CaO, 1 to 3 percent of MgO and 4 to 8%K 2 O。
The particle size of the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles is 40-60 meshes, so that the problem that the air bubbles are wrapped in the high-temperature melting process and the glaze is easy to form open pores due to the fact that gaps between the dry particles are relatively large due to overlarge or uneven particle sizes is avoided.
Preferably, in the step of microwave sintering, the microwave sintering temperature is 650-800 ℃, and the temperature rising speed is less than or equal to 5 ℃/min at the stage of normal temperature to 300 ℃ in the microwave sintering process, and the microwave sintering time is 80-150 min.
In practical application, the sintering temperature is not too high, the sintering time is not too long, otherwise, the dark color system has the problem of burning loss phenomenon, and the color of the dark color system is distorted. In the normal temperature to 300 ℃ stage in the microwave sintering process, when the temperature rising speed is more than 5 ℃/min, the change of the low-temperature ink layer with small volume is easy to cause cracking due to uneven stress due to the fast blank conversion speed.
Example group A
The preparation method of the twice-fired decorative porcelain matrix comprises the following steps:
preparing a porcelain matrix: the green body of the porcelain matrix is subjected to primary firing, and the firing temperature is 1100 ℃ to obtain a primary-fired porcelain matrix;
preparation low Wen Moshui: mixing the components of the low-temperature ink according to the proportion of the table 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-temperature ink;
printing patterns: printing patterns on the surface of the porcelain matrix which is fired at one time by using low-temperature ink to form a pattern layer;
preparing low-temperature dry particles and high-temperature dry particles: mixing the raw materials of the low-temperature dry granules according to the proportion of the table 2, performing high-temperature firing, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the low-temperature dry granules; mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature dry granules according to the proportion of the table 3, performing high-temperature firing, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the high-temperature dry granules;
cloth Shi Diwen dry particles and high temperature dry particles: uniformly mixing the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles according to the ratio of 7:3, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, and uniformly spreading on the surface of the pattern layer;
and (3) microwave sintering: performing secondary firing by adopting microwave sintering, wherein the microwave sintering temperature is shown in table 1, and the microwave sintering time is 100min, so as to obtain a semi-finished product;
coating gloss oil: and (3) coating gloss oil on the surface of the semi-finished product to obtain the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate.
Wherein the mass ratio of the aqueous resin to the curing agent to the water is 1.2:0.4:0.3; the porcelain tile comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of Jili aluminum sand, 30 parts of star river sand, 35 parts of potassium sodium stone powder, 4 parts of sand sugar bauxite, 5 parts of bentonite and 10 parts of waste brick powder.
TABLE 1 Low temperature ink formulation
The ink frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15-30% SiO 2 、3～6%K 2 O、5～8%Na 2 O、5～20%B 2 O 3 、5～12%Li 2 O and 1-5% of ZnO, wherein the pigment is reddish brown, the defoamer in examples 1 and 2 is polyether defoamer, the defoamer in examples 1 and 2 is mineral oil defoamer, the leveling agent is polyether polyester modified organosiloxane, and the auxiliary agent is polyethylene binder and naphthene precipitant.
TABLE 2 proportion of Low temperature Dry particles
TABLE 3 proportion of high temperature Dry particles
Example 5
The composition and preparation method of example 5 are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the firing temperature of the green body of the porcelain substrate for one firing is 1120 ℃, and the porcelain tile comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of Jili aluminum sand, 20 parts of star river sand, 25 parts of potassium sodium stone powder, 7 parts of sand sugar bauxite, 8 parts of bentonite and 15 parts of waste brick powder. And in the step of distributing the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles, the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles are sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.
Comparative example 1
The composition and preparation method of comparative example 1 were the same as in example 1, except that the sintering temperature was 900 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The composition and preparation method of comparative example 2 were the same as in example 1, except that the sintering temperature was 1200 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The composition of comparative example 3 was the same as in example 1, except that the mass ratio between the aqueous resin, the curing agent and water was 2.0:0.4:0.3.
Comparative example 4
The composition of comparative example 4 was the same as in example 1, except that the mass ratio between the aqueous resin, the curing agent and water was 1.2:1.0:0.3.
Comparative example 5
The composition of comparative example 5 is the same as that of example 1, except that the glaze layer is formed by sintering only low-temperature dry grains.
Comparative example 6
The composition of comparative example 6 is the same as that of example 1, except that the glaze layer is formed by sintering only high-temperature dry grains.
Comparative example 7
The composition of comparative example 7 is the same as in example 1, except that the low temperature dry particle and the high temperature dry particle are 3:7.
comparative example 8
The composition of comparative example 7 was the same as in example 1, except that gloss oil was not used.
The secondary sintered decorative porcelain substrates prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 3 to 8 were subjected to tests for mohs hardness and resistance to household chemical corrosion, and the surfaces of the secondary sintered decorative porcelain substrates prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 8 were observed, and the glaze surface gloss and pinhole state were observed, and the test results are shown in table 4 below.
Mohs hardness measurement: the polished tile samples were placed smoothly on a rigid support with the facing up. Standard ores with different Morse values are selected from small to large to scratch the surface of the sample, the surface of the sample is scratched evenly and vertically by using a new cutting edge of the ore, the moderate force application is noted, and the cutting edge of the standard ore is not broken due to the overlarge force application to form double-line or multi-line scratch marks. The lowest hardness value which just can generate obvious scratches is taken as a test result, and the lowest value in all test values of the sample is taken as a test result.
Testing of resistance to household chemical corrosion: GB/T3810.13-2016; the degree of chemical corrosion was observed and determined over time by soaking the test specimens with 100g/L ammonium chloride solution and 20mg/L sodium hypochlorite solution.
TABLE 4 test results
As is clear from examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2, when the firing temperature was too high, the problem of color burning loss was likely to occur, and when the firing temperature was further increased, the phenomenon of cracking occurred.
According to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 3, when the content of the aqueous resin is too large, the color of the low-temperature ink cannot be completely developed, and the surface of the secondary firing decorative porcelain substrate has a matte dry grain effect.
According to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 4, it is clear that the gloss oil does not level on the surface of the secondary fired decorative porcelain substrate and has orange peel defect, poor adhesion and peeling when the curing agent content is too high.
According to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 5, it is clear that the effect of dry pellets with alternating brightness cannot be achieved by using only low-temperature dry pellets.
As is clear from examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 6, the mohs hardness was reduced and the corrosion resistance was also reduced when only the high-temperature dry grains were used, and the entire surface of the secondary firing decorated porcelain substrate was matte.
According to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 7, when the amount of the high temperature dry grains is larger than that of the low temperature dry grains, the entire surface of the twice fired decorative porcelain substrate has a matte effect.
According to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 7, when no gloss oil is used, no gloss oil layer is formed on the surface of the secondary fired decorative porcelain base body, and the gloss unevenness is locally present, and the gloss is a dulling phenomenon when seen from the side.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without the exercise of inventive faculty, and such equivalent modifications and alternatives are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The secondary firing decorative porcelain matrix is characterized by comprising a porcelain matrix, a low Wen Mo water layer, a glaze layer and a gloss oil layer; the glaze layer is formed by sintering high-temperature dry grains and low-temperature dry grains, the porcelain substrate finished product is formed by secondarily sintering a porcelain substrate with low-temperature ink, and the gloss oil layer is formed by coating gloss oil on the surface of the glaze layer and solidifying;
the low-temperature ink layer is formed by sintering low Wen Moshui, and the low-temperature ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 to 85 parts of common ceramic ink, 10 to 15 parts of pigment, 20 to 25 parts of ink frit, 2 to 5 parts of dispersing agent, 1 to 3 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2 to 0.5 part of leveling agent and 1 to 2 parts of auxiliary agent;
the gloss oil comprises the following components of aqueous resin, curing agent and water, wherein the mass ratio of the aqueous resin to the curing agent to the water is (1-1.5): (0.3-0.5): (0.2 to 0.4);
the low-temperature dry particles comprise the following components in parts by weight:
10 to 20 parts of quartz powder, 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide, 3 to 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 25 to 35 parts of anorthite, 10 to 26 parts of albite, 20 to 28 parts of calcite, 5 to 10 parts of calcined talcum and 3 to 7 parts of strontium carbonate;
the high-temperature dry particles comprise the following components in parts by weight:
20 to 30 parts of quartz powder, 15 to 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 to 20 parts of albite, 5 to 10 parts of calcite, 3 to 6 parts of calcined talcum, 15 to 20 parts of alumina, 10 to 20 parts of zirconia, 10 to 15 parts of wollastonite and 5 to 10 parts of kaolin;
the mass ratio of the low-temperature dry particles to the high-temperature dry particles is (6-8): (2-4).
2. The secondary firing decorated porcelain substrate according to claim 1, wherein said colorant comprises one or more of vanadium yellow, vanadium zirconium blue, red brown, cobalt blue, cobalt black, malachite green, tin antimony ash.
3. The secondary firing decorative porcelain base according to claim 1, wherein said dispersant comprises any one or more of a condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, a water-soluble high molecular polymer and an oil-soluble high molecular polymer;
the defoamer comprises any one or more of polyether defoamer, higher alcohol defoamer and mineral oil defoamer;
the leveling agent is polyether polyester modified organic siloxane;
the auxiliary agent comprises any one or more of polyethylene binder, polypropylene binder and naphthene precipitant.
4. The secondary fired decorative ceramic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic substrate comprises one of a ceramic tile and a ceramic tile body.
5. The secondary firing decorative porcelain substrate according to claim 4, wherein the porcelain tile comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2 to 5 parts of Jili aluminum sand, 20 to 30 parts of star river sand, 25 to 35 parts of potassium sodium stone powder, 4 to 7 parts of sand sugar bauxite, 5 to 8 parts of bentonite and 10 to 15 parts of waste brick powder.
6. A method for preparing a twice fired decorative porcelain substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
preparing a porcelain matrix: the green body of the porcelain matrix is subjected to primary firing to obtain a primary fired porcelain matrix;
preparation low Wen Moshui: mixing all the components of the low-temperature ink according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-temperature ink;
printing patterns: printing patterns on the surface of the porcelain matrix which is fired at one time by using low-temperature ink to form a pattern layer;
preparing low-temperature dry particles and high-temperature dry particles: mixing the raw materials of the low-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at a high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the low-temperature dry granules; mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature dry granules according to the proportion, firing at high temperature, quenching by water, and drying to obtain the high-temperature dry granules;
cloth Shi Diwen dry particles and high temperature dry particles: uniformly mixing the low-temperature dry particles and the high-temperature dry particles according to a proportion, sieving the mixture by a 40-60-mesh sieve, and uniformly spreading the mixture on the surface of the pattern layer;
and (3) microwave sintering: performing secondary firing by adopting a microwave sintering process to obtain a semi-finished product; the microwave sintering temperature is 650-800 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than or equal to 5 ℃/min at the stage of normal temperature to 300 ℃ in the microwave sintering process, and the microwave sintering time is 80-150 min;
coating gloss oil: and (3) coating gloss oil on the surface of the semi-finished product to obtain the twice-fired decorative porcelain substrate.
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