CN116171366A - 用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116171366A
CN116171366A CN202180062897.9A CN202180062897A CN116171366A CN 116171366 A CN116171366 A CN 116171366A CN 202180062897 A CN202180062897 A CN 202180062897A CN 116171366 A CN116171366 A CN 116171366A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
column
pressure column
argon
stream
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180062897.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D·戈卢别夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer LLC
Original Assignee
Linde LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde LLC filed Critical Linde LLC
Publication of CN116171366A publication Critical patent/CN116171366A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04727—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column using an auxiliary pure argon column for nitrogen rejection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04096—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of argon or argon enriched stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/0423—Subcooling of liquid process streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F25J3/04315—Lowest pressure or impure nitrogen, so-called waste nitrogen expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04321—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04709—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as an auxiliary column system in at least a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04715—The auxiliary column system simultaneously produces oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J2200/06—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flow-sheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/34—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using a side column fed by a stream from the low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/52—Oxygen production with multiple purity O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/56—Ultra high purity oxygen, i.e. generally more than 99,9% O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/52—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from oxygen, e.g. Kr, Xe, Hydrocarbons, Nitrous oxides, O3
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/58—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being argon or crude argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/58—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being argon or crude argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了，在用于低温分离空气的该方法和设备中，分离塔系统包括高压塔(12)、低压塔(13)和粗氩塔(18)。通过混合气态氧(72)和来自氩顶部冷凝器(21)的蒸发空间的气体流(31,71)而产生的混合气体流(73,74)在混合气体涡轮机(75)中做功膨胀。

Description

用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备
本发明涉及根据独立专利权利要求的第一部分所述的用于低温分离空气的方法和相应设备。
生成气态和液态产物的空气的低温分离通常是已知的，例如从以下文献中已知：
Figure BDA0004123964710000011
工业气体处理，Wiley-VCH，2006，特别是2.2.5节，“低温精馏”。
低温空气分离单元传统上包括双塔系统的形式的分离塔系统，特别是Linde双塔。其还可以具有三个或更多个塔的系统的形式。除了用于氧-氮分离以生成液态和/或气态形式的氮和/或氧的这些塔之外，分离塔系统可以包括用于回收另外的空气组分(特别是稀有气体)或用于生产特别高纯度的氧和/或氮产物的额外的塔。
在本发明中，使用高压塔和低压塔，该低压塔可以至少部分地位于高压塔和主冷凝器的上方。本发明的方法是增压类型的，使得高压塔不是在约5.3巴(4巴至7巴)的传统压力下操作，而是在例如8巴至14巴、优选9巴至13巴的更高压力下操作。低压塔不是在约1.3巴(1.2巴至1.5巴)的传统压力下操作，而是在例如2巴至5巴、优选2.5巴至4.5巴的更高压力下操作。这些压力是绝对的并且在相应塔的顶部处测量并且也用于本发明中。
如果空气分离器产生加压气态产物，则它们可以在气体压缩机中压缩(“外部压缩”)。可替代地，可使用“内部压缩”方法，通过从塔排出低温液体，加压(例如泵送)至所期望压力，并通过例如在主热交换器中加温将该液体转化为气态。
本发明的目的是找到一种进一步改进的空气分离方法，特别是用于共同生产加压氮气和氩气以及相对较高的液体产量，例如液体产量(LIN当量[Nm3/h]:LIN[Nm3/h]+1.07xLOX[Nm3/h]+0.9x LAR[Nm3/h])除以加压GAN产物量在0.00至0.06的范围内。(在本申请中，所有这些量都是摩尔量，只要没有相反说明。)
此种目的通过根据独立专利权利要求所述的方法和设备来解决。
从高压塔排出并引入到低压塔中的馏分通常是高压塔的底部馏分。其至少一部分可直接引入到低压塔中，最终通过过冷却器，或可通过将高压塔馏分引导到氩气顶部冷凝器蒸发空间中并将气体和剩余液体从氩气顶部冷凝器蒸发空间单独引入到低压塔中来间接进行。
气态氧流通常从低压塔的下部排出，例如从低压塔的最底部排出。
膨胀机可以是任何类型，例如涡轮机；那么其可被称为“混合气体涡轮机”。
为了增强低压塔中的精馏，根据权利要求2所述，可以使用来自低压塔并直接或间接通向分离塔系统中，特别是通向高压塔和/或低压塔中的氮气再循环。“再循环气体”流是来自低压塔的、在氮气压缩机中被压缩并且之后被冷却但不在主热交换器中被液化的一种流。来自低压塔的产物气体可以或可以不与再循环气体一起被引导通过在主热交换器中的加温和在氮气压缩机中的压缩。冷却的再循环气体可以至少部分地直接以气态形式引导到高压塔中，例如在顶部处或在下面的3至11个理论塔板处。替代方案是间接引入到高压塔和/或低压塔中，例如通过在冷凝器(例如主冷凝器和/或另一个塔再沸器)中液化再循环气体，并然后将液化的再循环气体中的至少一部分引入到塔(特别是高压塔和/或低压塔)中。在第一示例中，冷却的再循环气体中的至少一部分经由主冷凝器的液化空间被引入到高压塔中。在另一个示例中，冷却的再循环气体中的至少一部分经由纯氧塔的底部冷凝器的液化空间被引入到低压塔中(优选地包括在过冷却器中的单独通道中对该液体进行过冷，并且在膨胀阀中使该过冷液体膨胀)。例如，将再循环气体的第一部分经由第一路径(例如直接地或经由主冷凝器)引导到高压塔中，并且将再循环气体的第二部分经由第二路径(例如通过纯氧塔的底部冷凝器)引导到低压塔中。
在第一变型中，冷却的再循环气体可直接引入到高压塔中，例如在其顶部处。权利要求3描述了第二变型，其中再循环气体被引入到主冷凝器中，在其中液化，并然后作为液体被引入到高压塔的顶部上。通过将冷再循环气体中的一部分引入到主冷凝器中，将另一部分直接引入到塔中，可以组合这两种变型。再循环气体中的另一部分可在设施中的不同位置处使用。
根据权利要求4所述，加压纯氩产物可通过内部压缩来生成。总氩产物中的一部分可以以液体形式生产并储存在罐中。
根据权利要求5所述，粗氩塔可以具有分流塔的形式。至少有两个部分。原则上，可以有三个或更多个部分。
根据权利要求6所述，分离还可包括纯氧塔。纯氧塔的进料液体来自粗氩塔的底部或来自粗氩塔的中间点，例如底部上方的几个理论塔板。
此种纯氧塔优选是布置在粗氩塔的第一部分的下方并且在与粗氩塔的第一部分的公共容器内的纯氧塔。
根据权利要求8所述，纯氧塔优选具有底部再沸器，其可以由高压塔气态氮和/或由冷却的再循环气体中的一部分加热，该部分不直接进入高压塔中——参见权利要求9。再循环气体优选在纯氧塔的底部再沸器中至少部分地液化，并然后作为回流液体送到高压塔或低压塔。
在不需要全部氩产物的操作模式中，可以根据权利要求10经由中间气体出口从粗氩塔排出氩-氧混合物。该特征减小了粗氩塔的负荷。氩-氧混合物在主热交换器中被加温以便恢复其能量。
该具体实施方案适用于单部分粗氩塔以及分流粗氩塔。在后一种情况下，中间气体出口可以在粗氩塔的任一部分中。优选地，其布置在第二部分的中间高度处。
在本发明中，根据权利要求11所述，使用分流低压塔可以是有利的。
在方法的变型中，根据权利要求13所述，优选不存在再循环气体，并且高压塔(12)的顶部气体作为加压气态氮产物被排出(302)。可替代地或另外，来自低压塔(13,113/213)的顶部气体(64,65)在氮气压缩机中被压缩并且作为加压气态氮产物被排出，特别是通过将其与来自高压塔(12)的加温顶部气体混合。氮气压缩机优选不压缩其它流，特别是不压缩再循环气体。
下面通过在附图中示出的实施方案说明本发明和本发明的进一步细节。
图1示出具有单部分低压塔的本发明的第一实施方案，
图2示出具有分流低压塔的第二实施方案，并且
图3示出从高压塔的顶部部分地排出GAN产物的第三实施方案。
在图1的实施方案中，大气空气(AIR)1通过过滤器2流到主空气压缩机3并且在其中被压缩到约11巴至12巴的压力。压缩空气流在冷却器4和5中被冷却并送到分离器6，液态水(H2O)从该分离器排放。来自分离器6的空气被送到纯化单元7，从而通过吸附除去水蒸气、二氧化碳和其它杂质。净化的空气8被引入到主热交换器9中。总进料空气被完全冷却直到主热交换器9的冷端，并然后被引入到双塔的高压塔12中，该双塔还包括低压塔13和主冷凝器14。
图1的实施方案的分离塔系统由双塔12/13、纯氧塔16、甲烷排除塔17、单部分粗氩塔18和纯氩塔19组成。纯氧塔具有底部再沸器20，粗氩塔具有顶部冷凝器21，并且纯氩塔具有顶部冷凝器22和底部再沸器23。所有这些冷凝器和再沸器以及主冷凝器14都是冷凝器-蒸发器，各自具有液化空间和蒸发空间。例外是纯氩塔19的底部再沸器23，其通过显热被加温。
来自高压塔12的底部的粗液氧24在过冷却器25中被冷却。冷却的粗液氧26的第一部分27部分地进料通过纯氩塔的底部再沸器23，并然后引入到粗氩塔18的顶部冷凝器21的蒸发空间中。剩余液体28被送到低压塔13。蒸发部分29的第一部分30也被送到低压塔。第二部分31被视为根据本发明的“具有较高氮含量的流”31，并且稍后详细描述。
冷却的粗液氧26的第二部分32被引入到纯氩塔19的顶部冷凝器的蒸发空间中。剩余液体33被送到低压塔13。蒸发部分34与来自粗氩塔18的顶部冷凝器21的蒸发空间的蒸发部分29混合。由此进入低压塔13或进入“具有较高氮含量的流”31中。
来自高压塔12的顶部的气态氮35的大部分36在主冷凝器14中至少部分地液化。剩余部分37在纯氧塔的底部再沸器中至少部分地液化。来自纯氧塔底部再沸器的液氮在过冷却器25中被冷却。冷却的液氮39被送到低压塔13的顶部。
来自主冷凝器14的液氮40被部分地返回到高压塔12的顶部。另一部分42在过冷却器25中被冷却。冷却的液氮43的第一部分被送到低压塔13的顶部，同时将第二部分45作为纯液氮产物(PLIN)排出。
将来自低压塔13的气态含氩馏分，即氩过渡馏分46引入到甲烷排除塔17的底部中。在另一个方向上，甲烷排除塔17的底部液体47被重新引入到低压塔13中。此种底部液体包含几乎所有来自馏分46的甲烷，使得甲烷排除塔17的顶部不含甲烷。此种塔的顶部气体48与来自纯氧塔16的顶部气体80一起被送到粗氩塔18的底部。
粗氩塔18的底部液体78经由泵79提升。第一部分49作为无甲烷的回流进入纯氧塔16。从纯氧塔16的底部排出超高纯度的液氧50，并引到储存罐51中。罐液体可在罐中或在罐压缩机通过泵(未示出)加压。高压液氧可以在主热交换器9中被加温并作为内部压缩的超高纯度气态氧产物(GOXIC)被回收。
粗氩塔18的底部液体78的第二部分52被进料到甲烷排除塔17的顶部中。
粗氩塔18的顶部冷凝器21的液化空间是浴式冷凝器。在其顶部处，从粗氩塔18排出粗氩流58并引入到纯氩塔19中。废气60从纯氩塔的顶部排出并释放到大气(ATM)。在底部处，回收纯氩产物59，并送到具有泵61的内部压缩和(管线62)在主热交换器9中加温。在主换热器9的温热端(管线63)处，以加压形式排出内部压缩的气态氩产物(GARIC)。
来自低压塔13的顶部的气态氮馏分64部分地用作再循环气体并且首先在过冷却器25中预加温。预加温气态氮馏分65被送到主热交换器9的冷端并在其中完全加温。加温气态氮馏分66在氮压缩机67中被压缩到优选8巴至15巴、更优选9.5巴至12.5巴的产物压力。压缩机67具有后冷却器。压缩的氮馏分68被分成产物馏分69，其作为加压气态氮产物(PGAN)和再循环气体70排出。加压再循环气体在主热交换器9中再次完全冷却。冷却的再循环气体(89)与来自高压塔12的顶部的气态氮35混合，即在主冷凝器14中或在纯氧塔底部再沸器20中液化。由此，再循环气体中的一部分(现在为液体)经由管线41进入高压塔。
加压气态氧通过内部压缩产生。来自低压塔13的底部(或来自主冷凝器14的蒸发空间)的液氧84在泵85中被泵送到期望的产物压力，在主热交换器9中被完全加温，并且最终经由管线86作为内部压缩产物(GOXIC)被回收。
至少部分地来自粗氩塔18的顶部冷凝器21的蒸发空间的前述“具有较高氮含量的流”31在过冷却器25中被加温。加温流71与来自低压塔13的底部的气态氧流72混合。混合气体73在主热交换器9中被部分地加温到150K至230K的中间温度，并且在作为发电机涡轮机操作的混合气体涡轮机75中做功膨胀。膨胀的混合气体76被重新引入到主热交换器9中并完全加温。加温低压混合气体77/78可以释放到大气(ATM)或作为再生气体送到净化单元7。
在图1的实施方案中，在粗氩塔18中上升的气体中的一些气体可以经由中间气体出口81排出，以便减少氩产物59/62/63的量并且由此减少能量消耗。气体排出气体82在主热交换器9的单独通道中被完全加温。加温气体83可以与膨胀的混合气体77混合并且释放到大气或者用作净化单元7中的再生气体。
图2的方法与图1的主要不同之处在于分流氩塔和分流低压塔。以上对图1的说明对于图2的相应步骤和单元也是有效的。图2中的附图标记部分取自图1，以便标识相同或相似的特征和功能。
粗氩塔被分成第一部分118和第二部分218，氩顶部冷凝器21布置在第二部分218的顶部上。来自第一部分118的顶部的气体馏分190被引入到第二部分218的底部中。第二部分218的底部液体191的至少第一部分193被引入到第一部分118的顶部中。
低压塔被分成底部部分113和顶部部分213。与单部分低压塔不同，这两部分并排布置。气态连接流195取自底部区段的顶部气体194并且被引入到顶部区段213的底部中。液体连接流196从顶部区段213的底部排出并经由粗氩塔的第一部分118的底部、管线197、泵198和管线199送到底部区段213的顶部。低压塔的底部区段113的顶部气体194中的另一部分被视为氩过渡馏分46，并且被引入到粗氩塔的第一部分118的底部中。第一部分118的底部液体(与来自低压塔的顶部部分213的底部液体196混合)经由管线197、泵198和管线199送到低压塔的底部部分113的顶部。
粗氩塔的第一部分118的最下面的区段117同时充当甲烷排除塔。在最下面的区段117正上方的中间高度处，第一部分118通过液体管线149和气体管线180连接到纯氧塔16的顶部。
在根据US 10209004 B2的多罐系统200中的该具体实施方案中，来自纯氧塔16的底部的超高纯度液氧50被加压，并然后(经由管线201)在主热交换器9中完全加温。将温热的超高纯度氧气202作为最终产物(UHPGOX)回收。来自低压塔113的底部(或来自主冷凝器14的蒸发空间)的液氧84在过冷却器25(未示出)中过冷，并然后作为液氧产物(LOX)排出。
冷却的再循环气体89被进料到主冷凝器14的液化空间(与来自高压塔12的顶部氮35中的一些顶部氮一起)。该再循环气体在那里液化。液化再循环气体的第一部分41被进料到高压塔12的顶部中；液化再循环气体的第二部分42、44被进料到低压塔213的顶部中。
可替代地，冷却的再循环气体89可以分成到主冷凝器的第一部分和被引入到纯氧塔16的底部再沸器的液化空间中的第二部分。在另一个替代方案中，将再循环气体完全进料到纯氧塔16的底部再沸器的液化空间，如果必要的话，由来自高压塔12的顶部的一些气态氮35补充。
图3在许多部分中与图2相似或相同，但在两个主要方面中有所不同：
-气态氮来自高压塔的顶部并且作为加压气态氮产物(UHPGAN)经由管线300、301和302排出。
-不存在再循环气体。来自低压塔213的所有顶部气态氮64/65/66/369作为加压气态氮产物(UHPGAN)在氮气压缩机67下游通过将其与来自高压塔12的氮混合而被排出。
本发明通常也可以应用于没有甲烷排除塔和/或没有纯氧塔的系统。

Claims (15)

1.用于在分离塔系统中低温分离空气的方法，所述分离塔系统包括高压塔(12)、低压塔(13)、主冷凝器(14)和粗氩塔(18)，所述主冷凝器是具有液化空间和蒸发空间的冷凝器-蒸发器，并且使高压塔顶部和低压塔底部处于热交换关系，所述粗氩塔具有氩顶部冷凝器(21)，所述氩顶部冷凝器是具有液化空间和蒸发空间的冷凝器-蒸发器，所述方法包括
-压缩(3)总进料空气流(1)，
-在主热交换器(9)中冷却所述压缩的进料空气(8)，
-将所述进料空气中的至少一部分引入(10)到所述高压塔(12)中，
-将来自所述高压塔(12)的至少一种馏分(24,26)直接或间接引入到所述低压塔(13)，
-将氩过渡馏分(46,48)从所述低压塔(13)引入到所述粗氩塔(18)，
-将来自所述高压塔(12)的液体冷却馏分(27)引入到所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)的所述蒸发空间中，
-从所述低压塔(13)排出气态氧流(72)，
-将所述气态氧流(72)与具有比所述气态氧流更高的氮含量的另一气体流混合以形成混合气体流(73)，
-在所述主热交换器(9)中将所述混合气体流加温，
-在膨胀机(75)中将所述加温的混合气体流(74)做功膨胀，以及
-在所述主热交换器(9)中将所述膨胀的混合气体流(76)完全加温，
其特征在于
将具有较高氮含量的上述流(29,31,71)从所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)的所述蒸发空间排出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于
-将来自所述低压塔(13)的气态氮馏分(64,65)用作再循环气体，
-所述再循环气体在所述主热交换器(9)中被加温，
-所述加温再循环气体(66)在氮气压缩机(67)中被压缩，
-所述压缩的再循环气体(70)在所述主热交换器(9)中被冷却，并以气态形式从所述主热交换器(9)排出，以及
-将所述冷却的再循环气体(89)的至少第一部分以气态形式或以液化形式引入到所述分离塔系统中，特别是引入到所述高压塔(12)和/或所述低压塔(13)中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，将所述冷却的再循环气体(89)中的至少一部分经由所述主冷凝器(14)的所述液化空间引入(36,40,41)到所述高压塔(12)中。
4.根据权利要求1至3所述的方法，其特征在于
-所述分离塔系统还包括纯氩塔(19)，
-粗氩流(58)从所述粗氩塔(18)或所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)排出，
-所述粗氩流(58)被引入到所述纯氩塔(19)中，
-液体纯氩流(59)从所述纯氩塔(19)排出，
-所述液态纯氩流(59)以液态被加压(61)，
-所述加压纯氩流(62)在所述主热交换器(9)中被加温，以及
-最后作为加压氩产物(63)回收。
5.根据权利要求1至4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述粗氩塔被分成第一部分(118)和第二部分(218)，所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)布置在所述第二部分(218)的顶部上，由此来自所述第一部分(118)的顶部的气体馏分(190)被引入到所述第二部分(218)的底部中，并且所述第二部分的底部液体(191)的至少第一部分(193)被引入到所述第一部分(118)的顶部中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于
-所述分离塔系统还包括纯氧塔(16)，
-来自所述粗氩塔(18,118)的液体馏分(49,149)被引入到所述纯氧塔(16)的顶部中，并且
-液体纯氧馏分(50)从所述纯氧塔(16)的底部排出。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述纯氧塔(16)布置在甲烷排除塔(17)的正下方，在彼此之间仅具有单个底部/顶部板。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述纯氧塔(16)具有底部再沸器(20)，所述底部再沸器是具有液化空间和蒸发空间的冷凝器-蒸发器。
9.根据权利要求2和8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述冷却的再循环气体(89)的第二部分(37)被引入到所述纯氧塔底部再沸器(20)的所述液化空间中。
10.根据权利要求1至9所述的方法，其特征在于，至少暂时地经由中间气体出口从所述粗氩塔(18,118)排出氩-氧混合物(81)，并且所述氩-氧混合物在所述主热交换器(9)中被加温。
11.根据权利要求1至0所述的方法，其特征在于
-所述低压塔被分成底部部分(113)和顶部部分(213)，
-气态连接流(194,195)从所述底部区段(113)的顶部排出，
-所述气态连接流(195)被引入到所述顶部区段(213)的底部中，
-液体连接流(196,197,199)从所述顶部区段(213)的底部排出，并且
-所述液体连接流被引入到所述底部区段(113)的顶部中。
12.根据权利要求1或4至11所述的方法，其特征在于
-所述高压塔(12)的顶部气体中的一部分(300)在所述主热交换器(9)中被加温，并且
-所述加温气体(301)作为加压气态氮产物排出(302)。
13.根据权利要求1或4至12所述的方法，其特征在于
-来自所述低压塔(13,113/213)的顶部气体(64,65)在所述主热交换器(9)中被加温，
-所述加温气体(66)在氮气压缩机(67)中被压缩，并且
-所述压缩气体(369)作为加压气态氮产物排出(302)，特别是通过将其与来自所述高压塔(12)的所述加温顶部气体混合。
14.根据权利要求1至13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述冷却的再循环气体(89)以气态形式被引入到所述高压塔(12)中。
15.用于低温分离空气的设备，所述设备包括分离塔系统，所述分离塔系统包括高压塔(12)、低压塔(13)、主冷凝器(14)和粗氩塔(18)，所述主冷凝器是具有液化空间和蒸发空间的冷凝器-蒸发器，并且被配置为使高压塔顶部和低压塔底部处于热交换关系，所述粗氩塔具有氩顶部冷凝器(21)，所述氩顶部冷凝器是具有液化空间和蒸发空间的冷凝器-蒸发器，并且所述设备还包括
-用于压缩总进料空气流(1)的主空气压缩机(3)，
-用于冷却所述压缩进料空气(8)的主热交换器(9)，
-用于将所述进料空气中的至少一部分引入到所述高压塔(12)中的装置(19)，
-将来自所述高压塔(12)的至少一种馏分(24,26)直接或间接引入到所述低压塔(13)的装置，
-用于将氩过渡馏分(46,48)从所述低压塔(13)引入到所述粗氩塔(18)的氩过渡管线，
-用于将来自所述高压塔(12)的液体冷却馏分(27)引入到所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)的所述蒸发空间中的装置，
-用于从所述低压塔(13)排出气态氧流(72)的装置，
-用于将所述气态氧流(72)与具有比所述气态氧流更高的氮含量的另一气体流混合以形成混合气体流(73)的装置，
-用于将所述混合气体流引入到所述主热交换器(9)中以进行加温的装置，
-用于将所述加温的混合气体流(74)做功膨胀的膨胀机(75)，和
-用于在所述主热交换器(9)中将所述膨胀的混合气体流(76)完全加温的装置，
其特征在于
用于将所述气态氧流(72)与具有较高氮含量的另一气体流混合的装置(29,31,71)连接到所述氩顶部冷凝器(21)的所述蒸发空间。
CN202180062897.9A 2020-09-17 2021-09-09 用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备 Pending CN116171366A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020419 2020-09-17
EP20020419.6 2020-09-17
PCT/EP2021/025333 WO2022058043A1 (en) 2020-09-17 2021-09-09 Process and apparatus for cryogenic separation of air with mixed gas turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116171366A true CN116171366A (zh) 2023-05-26

Family

ID=72561551

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202180062897.9A Pending CN116171366A (zh) 2020-09-17 2021-09-09 用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20230358468A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4214456B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20230069966A (zh)
CN (1) CN116171366A (zh)
IL (1) IL300773A (zh)
TW (1) TW202227766A (zh)
WO (1) WO2022058043A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11933541B2 (en) 2021-08-11 2024-03-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation unit with argon condenser vapor recycle
CN117980677A (zh) * 2021-09-01 2024-05-03 林德有限责任公司 用于空气低温分离的方法和空气分离设备
CN117980678A (zh) * 2021-09-01 2024-05-03 林德有限责任公司 用于空气的低温分馏的设施和方法
JP2024024800A (ja) 2022-08-10 2024-02-26 日本エア・リキード合同会社 空気分離装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4737177A (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-04-12 Erickson Donald C Air distillation improvements for high purity oxygen
EP0269342B1 (en) * 1986-11-24 1991-06-12 The BOC Group plc Air separation
US5129932A (en) * 1990-06-12 1992-07-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryogenic process for the separation of air to produce moderate pressure nitrogen
US5137559A (en) * 1990-08-06 1992-08-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Production of nitrogen free of light impurities
US5469710A (en) * 1994-10-26 1995-11-28 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system with enhanced argon recovery
DE19543953C1 (de) * 1995-11-25 1996-12-19 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Sauerstoff und Stickstoff unter überatmosphärischem Druck
GB9711258D0 (en) * 1997-05-30 1997-07-30 Boc Group Plc Air separation
EP3193114B1 (de) 2016-01-14 2019-08-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur gewinnung eines luftprodukts in einer luftzerlegungsanlage und luftzerlegungsanlage
JP6440232B1 (ja) * 2018-03-20 2018-12-19 レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード 製品窒素ガスおよび製品アルゴンの製造方法およびその製造装置
JP7355978B2 (ja) * 2019-04-08 2023-10-04 レール・リキード－ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード 深冷空気分離装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4214456B1 (en) 2024-05-08
US20230358468A1 (en) 2023-11-09
EP4214456A1 (en) 2023-07-26
WO2022058043A1 (en) 2022-03-24
TW202227766A (zh) 2022-07-16
KR20230069966A (ko) 2023-05-19
IL300773A (en) 2023-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN116171366A (zh) 用于用混合气体涡轮机低温分离空气的方法和设备
JP4331460B2 (ja) 低温空気分離によるクリプトン及び／又はキセノンの製造方法及び装置
US7552599B2 (en) Air separation process utilizing refrigeration extracted from LNG for production of liquid oxygen
US4615716A (en) Process for producing ultra high purity oxygen
US4702757A (en) Dual air pressure cycle to produce low purity oxygen
US20120036892A1 (en) Air separation method and apparatus
US20090071191A1 (en) Cryogenic air separation process with excess turbine refrigeration
US20170299261A1 (en) Liquid nitrogen production
US6257020B1 (en) Process for the cryogenic separation of gases from air
US20220260312A1 (en) Process and plant for low-temperature fractionation of air
EP2447653A1 (en) Process for cryogenic air separation using a side condenser
US6244072B1 (en) Air separation
CN115769037A (zh) 低温分离空气的方法，空气分离设备和由至少两个空气分离设备构成的复合体
EP0952417A2 (en) Separation of air
CN112805524B (zh) 用于低温分离空气的方法和设备
US11629913B2 (en) Integrated nitrogen liquefier for a nitrogen and argon producing cryogenic air separation unit
US11933538B2 (en) System and method for recovery of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen in moderate pressure cryogenic air separation unit
US11933539B2 (en) Cryogenic air separation unit with argon condenser vapor recycle
US11852408B2 (en) Method and apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation
US11933541B2 (en) Cryogenic air separation unit with argon condenser vapor recycle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination