CN116169714A - Marine wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system starting method based on grid-structured fans - Google Patents
Marine wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system starting method based on grid-structured fans Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/109—Scheduling or re-scheduling the operation of the DC sources in a particular order, e.g. connecting or disconnecting the sources in sequential, alternating or in subsets, to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a starting method of an operation and maintenance self-powered system of an offshore wind farm based on a grid-structured fan, which aims at solving the problem that the cost of a main power supply of the operation and maintenance system is too high during the off-grid operation of the existing offshore wind farm based on a diesel generator or an energy storage system. Compared with the prior art, the invention can obviously reduce engineering construction cost, effectively solve the problem of power supply of the operation and maintenance system caused by asynchronous construction of the offshore wind farm and construction of the land access system line, and has obvious economic benefit and good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation, and particularly relates to a starting method of an operation and maintenance self-powered system of an offshore wind farm based on a grid-structured fan.
Background
While offshore wind power rapidly develops, problems in the wind power plant construction process are gradually exposed, and the fact that the wind power plant construction is not synchronous with the land access system line construction is one of the important problems. The building time of the offshore wind farm is often influenced by the new energy power generation policy, the construction of the land alternating current power grid is mainly dominated by the power grid company in the region, and the situation that the matched access system line is not built after the wind farm and the outgoing sea cable are built easily occurs. In this case, the offshore wind farm will not be able to run in parallel for a period of time, during which a continuous and reliable operation of the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance system is required to be maintained in order to ensure the environmental conditions in which the wind turbine equipment is located. Therefore, power supply of the operation and maintenance system during off-grid operation of the offshore wind farm becomes a problem to be solved.
The existing scheme considers that the diesel generator or the energy storage device is used for providing power for the operation and maintenance self-power supply system of the offshore wind farm during off-grid operation, in fact, as the scale of the offshore wind farm is continuously increased, the total power demand of the operation and maintenance self-power supply system of the offshore wind farm is synchronously increased, the operation and maintenance self-power supply system needs to continuously operate for a long period of time, and the diesel generator or the energy storage device is used as a main power supply, so that the diesel generator or the energy storage device is neither economical, but also has overrule constraint conditions such as construction land shortage and the like.
With the continuous development of wind power generation technology, the flexibility of wind power generation control systems has been remarkably improved at present. During off-grid operation of the offshore wind power plant, a wind turbine generator set is utilized as a main operation and maintenance self-power system power supply by adopting a wind mechanism net type control strategy, and meanwhile, the wind turbine generator set is matched with small-capacity energy storage equipment to serve as a starting power supply of the wind turbine generator set, so that the off-grid operation method is a more economical and feasible solution. In the system, the biggest difficulty is that the energy storage equipment, the fan side converter and the grid side converter are cooperatively controlled to realize the smooth starting of the system under the off-grid condition, so that a starting method of the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-structured fan is needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the cost of a main power supply of an operation and maintenance system is too high during the off-grid operation of a wind power plant based on a diesel generator or an energy storage system, and provides a method for starting an operation and maintenance self-powered system of an offshore wind power plant based on a grid-built fan.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the method adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for starting the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-structured fan is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the system comprises an energy storage battery, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a wind driven generator, a fan side converter, a fan DC bus, a fan net side converter, a fan step-up transformer, a fan breaker, an offshore AC bus, an offshore step-up station, a wind farm outgoing sea cable and a land centralized control center breaker; the wind driven generator is connected to an offshore alternating current power grid through a fan side converter, a direct current bus and a grid side converter, then is boosted to the voltage level of the offshore alternating current bus through a fan boosting transformer, is connected to the offshore alternating current bus through a fan breaker, is boosted to the voltage level of a land alternating current bus through a marine boosting station after a plurality of offshore wind turbine sets are assembled on the offshore alternating current bus, and is connected with the land alternating current power grid through a marine wind power transmission sea cable and a land centralized control center breaker; during off-grid operation of the wind farm, the land centralized control center circuit breaker is in an off state, and the offshore wind farm is not connected with the land alternating current power grid;
during off-grid operation of the wind farm, the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-power supply system based on the grid-formation type fans selects one fan as a wind farm operation and maintenance self-power supply grid-connected power generation, other fan converters are locked, and only the operation and maintenance self-power supply system works; only fans serving as wind power plant operation and maintenance self-used power supplies need to be provided with energy storage batteries and bidirectional DC/DC converters, and other fans have the same structure as a conventional wind turbine generator;
the method for starting the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system based on the grid-structured fans is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
starting a system starting process, namely starting an energy storage battery and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and regulating the voltage of a direct current bus of a fan to a rated value through a control strategy of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
starting a grid-side converter of a fan serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-used power supply, closing a fan breaker, and establishing offshore alternating current grid voltage through a grid-formation virtual synchronous machine control strategy of the fan grid-side converter;
after the offshore alternating current power grid voltage is established, an energy storage battery is utilized to supply power to an operation and maintenance self-power utilization system of the fan through a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a fan grid-side converter;
starting a fan side converter and a wind driven generator serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply, and gradually increasing the output active power of a fan to a first set value by adjusting an active power reference value of the side converter, wherein the first set value is given according to the operation and maintenance self-power load power of a single fan;
closing fan circuit breakers of other fans of the wind power plant one by one, supplying power to operation and maintenance self-powered systems of the other fans, gradually increasing a power reference value of a fan side converter serving as an operation and maintenance self-powered power source of the wind power plant, and adjusting output active power of the fans to a second set value, wherein the second set value is set according to operation and maintenance self-powered load power of all fans of the wind power plant;
because the grid-type virtual synchronous machine control strategy is adopted by the fan grid-side converter, the fixed direct current bus voltage control strategy is adopted by the bidirectional DC/DC converter, when the fan output active power is matched with the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-powered load, the power supply of the whole system is completely provided by a wind turbine generator, and the energy storage system is only used for stabilizing wind power output fluctuation and maintaining the constant regulation power supply of the fan direct current bus voltage;
and the system starting process is finished, and the whole offshore wind farm off-grid operation period operation and maintenance self-powered system can stably operate for a long time.
Further, the bidirectional DC/DC converter adopts a constant DC bus voltage control strategy and is responsible for establishing the voltage of a fan DC bus in the system starting process and maintaining the stability of the voltage of the fan DC bus in the operation process; the constant direct current bus voltage control strategy of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is mainly realized through a direct current bus voltage control outer ring and a current control inner ring.
Further, the fan network side converter serving as the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-used power supply adopts a network-structured virtual synchronous machine control strategy and is responsible for establishing the voltage of an offshore alternating current power grid in the system starting process and maintaining the stability of the alternating current power grid in the operation process; the control strategy of the network virtual synchronous machine is realized by a voltage reference value calculation module, a voltage outer loop controller and a current inner loop controller; the voltage reference value calculation module is used for providing voltage and frequency support for the operation and maintenance self-powered system by simulating a mechanical equation and an excitation equation of a traditional synchronous generator;
wherein, in the voltage reference value calculation module, the reference phase θ is calculated according to the following method g ：
θ g (k+1)＝∫ω g (k+1)dt
Wherein θ g (k+1) is the reference phase, ω, of the next sampling period g (k+1) is the angular frequency, ω, of the next sampling period g (k) For the angular frequency, ω, of the sample period n For nominal angular frequency, P gref For the active power reference value, P g (k) For the active power of the sampling period, J is the moment of inertia of the virtual rotor, D p Is the active damping coefficient.
Wherein, in the voltage reference value calculation module, the d-axis voltage reference value u is calculated according to the following method gdref ：
Wherein u is gdref (k+1) is the d-axis voltage reference value of the next sampling period, |U g (k) I is the voltage amplitude of the sampling period, U ref For voltage amplitude reference value, Q gref For reactive power reference value, Q g (k) For the reactive power of the sampling period, K is a virtual excitation coefficient, D q Is the reactive damping coefficient.
Further, the fan side converter as the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply adopts a fixed active power control strategy and a reactive power control strategy, and an active power instruction of the fan side converter is respectively given as a first set value and a second set value in different stages of a system starting process; the first set value is given according to the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption load power of a single fan, the second set value is given according to the sum of the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption load powers of all fans, and the second set value is responsible for providing active power supply for the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption of the fans during off-grid operation of the system; the control strategy of the fan side converter is realized through a power outer loop controller and a current inner loop controller.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the energy storage equipment with small capacity is only required to be installed in one wind power generation unit, so that the smooth starting of the wind power plant operation and maintenance system can be realized under the off-grid operation condition of the offshore wind power plant, and after the starting, the wind power plant operation and maintenance system can be used as a main power supply of the operation and maintenance system through a fan, so that the engineering construction cost can be remarkably reduced, the starting problem of the off-grid operation wind power plant operation and maintenance system caused by the asynchronous construction of the offshore wind power plant and the land access system line can be effectively solved, and the method has remarkable economic benefit and good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for starting an offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system based on a grid-connected blower.
FIG. 2 is a representative topology of the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system based on a grid-tied wind turbine of the present invention. The system comprises a 1-energy storage battery, a 2-bidirectional DC/DC converter, a 3-wind driven generator, a 4-fan side converter, a 5-fan direct current bus, a 6-fan network side converter, a 7-fan operation and maintenance self-power load, an 8-fan step-up transformer, a 9-fan circuit breaker, a 10-offshore alternating current bus, an 11-offshore step-up station, a 12-wind power plant outgoing sea cable and a 13-land centralized control center circuit breaker.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for controlling a fan-grid-side converter according to a specific example of the present invention. The device comprises a 14-voltage reference value calculation module, a 15-Park conversion module, a 16-voltage outer loop controller, a 17-current inner loop controller, an 18-Park inverse conversion module and a 19-modulation module.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for controlling a fan-side converter according to a specific example of the present invention. The device comprises a 20-rotor position observer, a 21-Park conversion module, a 22-power outer loop controller, a 23-current inner loop controller, a 24-Park inverse conversion module and a 25-modulation module.
Detailed Description
In order to more particularly describe the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical scheme of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the embodiment of the invention, an operation and maintenance self-power system of an offshore wind farm based on a grid-structured fan is shown in fig. 2, and comprises an energy storage battery 1, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, a wind driven generator 3, a fan side converter 4, a fan direct current bus 5, a fan grid side converter 6, a fan booster transformer 8, a fan breaker 9, an offshore alternating current bus 10, an offshore booster station 11, a wind farm outgoing cable 12 and an onshore centralized control center breaker 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, an energy storage battery 1 is connected into a fan direct current bus 5 serving as a self-power supply for wind power plant operation and maintenance through a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2; the fan operation and maintenance is connected to the outlet of the fan network side converter 6 from the power load 7 to take power.
The wind driven generator is connected to an offshore alternating current power grid through a fan side converter 4, a direct current bus 5 and a grid side converter 6, then is boosted to the voltage level of the offshore alternating current bus through a fan boosting transformer 8, is connected to an offshore alternating current bus 10 through a fan breaker 9, is boosted to the voltage level of a land alternating current bus through an offshore boosting station 11 after a plurality of offshore wind turbine sets are assembled on the offshore alternating current bus, and is connected with the land alternating current power grid through a marine wind power transmission sea cable 12 and a land centralized control center breaker 13; during off-grid operation of the wind farm, the land centralized control center circuit breaker 13 is in an open state, and the offshore wind farm is disconnected from the land ac grid.
In the embodiment of the invention, a specific flow of a starting method of an operation and maintenance self-powered system of an offshore wind farm based on a grid-formation type fan is shown in a figure 1.
Firstly, starting an energy storage battery 1 and a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, and regulating the voltage of a direct current bus of a fan to a rated value through a control strategy of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 adopts a constant direct current bus voltage control strategy, and a direct current bus voltage reference value is set to be the direct current side bus voltage of the energy storage grid-connected inverter to the rated value.
Secondly, starting a grid-side converter 6 of a fan serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply, closing a fan breaker 9, and establishing offshore alternating current grid voltage through a grid-type virtual synchronous machine control strategy of the fan grid-side converter 6; in the embodiment of the present invention, a control system of a network virtual synchronous machine adopted by a fan network side converter 6 is shown in fig. 3, and includes: the device comprises a voltage reference value calculation module 14, a Park conversion module 15, a voltage outer loop controller 16, a current inner loop controller 17, a Park inverse conversion module 18 and a modulation module 19;
wherein, in the voltage reference value calculation module 14, the reference phase θ is calculated according to the following method g ：
θ g (k+1)＝∫ω g (k+1)dt
Wherein θ g (k+1) is the reference phase, ω, of the next sampling period g (k+1) is the angular frequency, ω, of the next sampling period g (k) For the angular frequency, ω, of the sample period n For nominal angular frequency, P gref For the active power reference value, P g (k) For the active power of the sampling period, J is the moment of inertia of the virtual rotor, D p Is the active damping coefficient.
The d-axis voltage reference u is calculated according to the following method gdref ：
Wherein u is gdref (k+1) is the d-axis voltage reference value of the next sampling period, |U g (k) I is the voltage amplitude of the sampling period, U ref For voltage amplitude reference value, Q gref For reactive power reference value, Q g (k) For the reactive power of the sampling period, K is a virtual excitation coefficient, D q Is the reactive damping coefficient.
The voltage outer loop controller 16 is implemented as follows:
wherein: f (F) PI1 (s) is the transfer function of the PI controller, k p1 Is a proportionality coefficient, k i1 Is an integral coefficient, i gdref ,i gqref Corresponding to current vector I gdqref D-axis, q-axis components, u gdref ,u gqref Corresponding to the voltage vector reference value U gdqref D-axis, q-axis components, u gd ,u gq Corresponding to the voltage vector reference value U gdq D-axis, q-axis component of (c).
The implementation of the current inner loop controller 17 is as follows:
wherein: f (F) PI2 (s) is the transfer function of the PI controller, k p2 Is a proportionality coefficient, k i2 As integral coefficient, u vdref ,u vqref Corresponds to the voltage vector U vdqref D-axis, q-axis components, u gd ,u gq Corresponds to the voltage vector U gdq D-axis, q-axis component, i gd ,i gq Corresponding to current vector I gdq D-axis, q-axis component, ω g For the angular frequency of the voltage of the power grid, L g Is a filter inductance.
Thirdly, after the offshore alternating current power grid voltage is established, the energy storage battery 1 is utilized to supply power to the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption load 7 of the fan through the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the fan grid-side converter 6;
starting a fan side converter 4 and a wind power generator 3 which are used as operation and maintenance self-power supplies of the wind power plant, and gradually increasing the output active power of a fan to a first set value by adjusting an active power reference value of the side converter 4, wherein the first set value is given according to the operation and maintenance self-power load power of a single fan; the fan side converter 4 adopts a fixed active power and reactive power control strategy, and the control system is shown in fig. 4, and comprises: a rotor position observer 20, a Park conversion module 21, a power outer loop controller 22, a current inner loop controller 23, a Park inverse conversion module 24, and a modulation module 25.
The implementation of the power outer loop controller 22 is as follows:
wherein: f (F) PI1 (s) is the transfer function of the PI controller, k p1 Is a proportionality coefficient, k i1 Is an integral coefficient, i sdref ,i sqref Corresponding to current vector I sdqref D-axis, q-axis components, P sref For the active power reference value, P s For active power, Q sref For reactive power reference value, Q s Is reactive power.
The current inner loop controller 23 is implemented as follows:
wherein: f (F) PI4 (s) is the transfer function of the PI controller, k p4 Is a proportionality coefficient, k i4 As integral coefficient, u sdref ,u sqref Corresponds to the voltage vector U sdqref D-axis, q-axis component, i sd ,i sq Corresponding to current vector I sdq D-axis, q-axis component, ω r For rotor angular frequency, L s Is the fan stator inductance, and ψ is the rotor permanent magnet flux linkage.
And fifthly, closing fan circuit breakers of other fans of the wind power plant one by one, supplying power to operation and maintenance self-powered systems of other fans, gradually increasing a power reference value of a fan side converter serving as an operation and maintenance self-powered power supply of the wind power plant, and adjusting the output active power of the fans to a second set value, wherein the second set value is set according to the operation and maintenance self-powered load power of all fans of the wind power plant.
Because the grid-type virtual synchronous machine control strategy is adopted by the fan grid-side converter, the fixed direct current bus voltage control strategy is adopted by the bidirectional DC/DC converter, when the fan output active power is matched with the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-powered load, the power supply of the whole system is completely provided by a wind turbine generator, and the energy storage system is only used for stabilizing wind power output fluctuation and maintaining the constant regulation power supply of the fan direct current bus voltage; and the system starting process is finished, and the whole offshore wind farm off-grid operation period operation and maintenance self-powered system can stably operate for a long time.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that various modifications to the above-described embodiments may be readily made and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for starting the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-structured fan is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the system comprises an energy storage battery, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a wind driven generator, a fan side converter, a fan DC bus, a fan net side converter, a fan step-up transformer, a fan breaker, an offshore AC bus, an offshore step-up station, a wind farm outgoing sea cable and a land centralized control center breaker; the wind driven generator is connected to an offshore alternating current power grid through a fan side converter, a direct current bus and a grid side converter, then is boosted to the voltage level of the offshore alternating current bus through a fan boosting transformer, is connected to the offshore alternating current bus through a fan breaker, is boosted to the voltage level of a land alternating current bus through a marine boosting station after a plurality of offshore wind turbine sets are assembled on the offshore alternating current bus, and is connected with the land alternating current power grid through a marine wind power transmission sea cable and a land centralized control center breaker; during off-grid operation of the wind farm, the land centralized control center circuit breaker is in an off state, and the offshore wind farm is not connected with the land alternating current power grid;
during off-grid operation of the wind farm, the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-power supply system based on the grid-formation type fans selects one fan as a wind farm operation and maintenance self-power supply grid-connected power generation, other fan converters are locked, and only the operation and maintenance self-power supply system works; only a fan serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply needs to be provided with an energy storage battery and a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the method for starting the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system based on the grid-structured fans is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
starting a system starting process, namely starting an energy storage battery and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and regulating the voltage of a direct current bus of a fan to a rated value through a control strategy of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
starting a grid-side converter of a fan serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-used power supply, closing a fan breaker, and establishing offshore alternating current grid voltage through a grid-formation virtual synchronous machine control strategy of the fan grid-side converter;
after the offshore alternating current power grid voltage is established, an energy storage battery is utilized to supply power to an operation and maintenance self-power utilization system of the fan through a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a fan grid-side converter;
starting a fan side converter and a wind driven generator serving as a wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply, and gradually increasing the output active power of a fan to a first set value by adjusting an active power reference value of the side converter, wherein the first set value is given according to the operation and maintenance self-power load power of a single fan;
closing fan circuit breakers of other fans of the wind power plant one by one, supplying power to operation and maintenance self-powered systems of the other fans, gradually increasing a power reference value of a fan side converter serving as a power supply, and adjusting output active power of the fans to a second set value, wherein the second set value is given according to operation and maintenance self-powered load power of all fans of the wind power plant;
when the active power output by the fan is matched with the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-powered load, the power supply of the whole system is completely provided by the wind turbine generator, and the energy storage system is only used as an adjusting power supply for stabilizing the wind power output fluctuation and maintaining the constant voltage of the direct current bus of the fan.
2. The method for starting the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-connected fans, according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the bidirectional DC/DC converter adopts a constant direct current bus voltage control strategy and is responsible for establishing the voltage of a fan direct current bus in the system starting process and maintaining the stability of the voltage of the fan direct current bus in the operation process; the constant direct current bus voltage control strategy of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is mainly realized through a direct current bus voltage control outer ring and a current control inner ring.
3. The method for starting the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-connected fans, according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the fan network side converter serving as the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply adopts a network-structured virtual synchronous machine control strategy and is responsible for establishing the voltage of an offshore alternating current power grid in the system starting process and maintaining the stability of the alternating current power grid in the operation process; the control strategy of the network virtual synchronous machine is realized by a voltage reference value calculation module, a voltage outer loop controller and a current inner loop controller; the voltage reference value calculation module is used for providing voltage and frequency support for the operation and maintenance self-powered system by simulating a mechanical equation and an excitation equation of a traditional synchronous generator;
wherein, in the voltage reference value calculation module, the voltage reference value calculation module is calculated according to the followingMethod for calculating reference phase theta g ：
Wherein θ g (k+1) is the reference phase, ω, of the next sampling period g (k+1) is the angular frequency, ω, of the next sampling period g (k) For the angular frequency, ω, of the sample period n For nominal angular frequency, P gref For the active power reference value, P g (k) For the active power of the sampling period, J is the moment of inertia of the virtual rotor, D p Is the active damping coefficient.
Wherein, in the voltage reference value calculation module, the d-axis voltage reference value u is calculated according to the following method gdref ：
Wherein u is gdref (k+1) is the d-axis voltage reference value of the next sampling period, |U g (k) I is the voltage amplitude of the sampling period, U ref For voltage amplitude reference value, Q gref For reactive power reference value, Q g (k) For the reactive power of the sampling period, K is a virtual excitation coefficient, D q Is the reactive damping coefficient.
4. The method for starting the operation and maintenance self-powered system of the offshore wind farm based on the grid-connected fans, according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
the wind turbine side converter as the wind power plant operation and maintenance self-power supply adopts a fixed active power control strategy and a reactive power control strategy, and an active power instruction of the wind turbine side converter is respectively given as a first set value and a second set value in different stages of a system starting process; the first set value is given according to the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption load power of a single fan, the second set value is given according to the sum of the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption load powers of all fans, and the second set value is responsible for providing active power supply for the operation and maintenance self-power-consumption of the fans during off-grid operation of the system; the control strategy of the fan side converter is realized through a power outer loop controller and a current inner loop controller.
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| CN202310132106.6A CN116169714A (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2023-02-06 | Marine wind farm operation and maintenance self-powered system starting method based on grid-structured fans |
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