CN116169378B - Fireproof lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Fireproof lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116169378B CN116169378B CN202211600483.XA CN202211600483A CN116169378B CN 116169378 B CN116169378 B CN 116169378B CN 202211600483 A CN202211600483 A CN 202211600483A CN 116169378 B CN116169378 B CN 116169378B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fire extinguishing
- battery
- extinguishing agent
- thermal decomposition
- fire
- Prior art date
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 5
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical class CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OIAUFEASXQPCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3-xylene Chemical compound O=C.CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 OIAUFEASXQPCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEPLMSKRHVKCAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Pb] HEPLMSKRHVKCAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/023—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being expelled by compressed gas, taken from storage tanks, or by generating a pressure gas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and provides a battery structure with fireproof performance. According to the utility model, the fire extinguishing agent is packaged in the frame for mounting the lithium battery through the thermal decomposition layer, so that the fire extinguishing agent is not directly contacted with the surface of the battery body in daily use of the lithium battery, the heat dissipation of the lithium battery is not influenced, and the rapid temperature rise of the lithium battery after the fire of the lithium battery causes the thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent to decompose, so that the fire extinguishing agent is released to realize a fireproof function. According to the technical scheme, the fireproof function of the lithium battery is realized, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation function of the lithium battery during operation is not affected. The utility model has the advantages that: the packaging layer breaks under the condition of a certain temperature or open fire, releases the fire extinguishing agent, and can realize automatic cooling and fire extinguishing; high-pressure gas for spraying the fire extinguishing agent is arranged, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the surface of the battery body in time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a fireproof lithium ion battery.
Background
With the vigorous development of smart phones and new energy automobiles, batteries are widely used, and compared with batteries made of various materials, the lithium batteries have the best performance. The main component of the lithium battery is lithium, the metal Li is a common metal, the performance is very active, and the metal Li is the metal with the minimum atomic weight (6.94), the small specific weight (0.534 g.cm < -3 >, 20 ℃) and the minimum electrochemical equivalent (0.26 g.multidot.A.h < -1 >) in the metal of the periodic table of elements and the most negative standard electrode potential (-3.045V). The performance of the battery made of the alloy is superior to that of the prior lead-acid battery, nickel-lead battery and the like.
However, in the practical use process, the phenomenon that the lithium ion battery fires is difficult to avoid. The lithium battery has potential safety hazard problems in the practical application process, and has a plurality of safety problems in the production, transportation and storage work, and is especially applied to new energy automobiles, and once the lithium battery is in fire, the high-density energy is instantaneously released to cause serious consequences which are difficult to predict.
It is very difficult to further modify the internal structure of the lithium battery to completely stop the possibility of fire, and because the internal part of the lithium battery is highly integrated, it is difficult to further arrange fireproof components, so in the prior art, the lithium battery tends to be prevented from further spreading fire after the fire. For example, the utility model of China, with publication number CN206589403U, discloses a fireproof felt for a battery compartment of a new energy automobile, which has fireproof and heat insulation functions, strong flame retardant function, incombustibility when meeting open fire, high temperature resistance of 800-1000 ℃, no deformation and capability of blocking open fire. However, the excellent heat insulation function of the material often affects the heat dissipation performance of the battery, and the heat is not released during the long-time operation of the battery, so that fire can be caused. There is a need for a lithium battery with a fire protection component that does not interfere with the normal heat dissipation process of the lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a fireproof lithium ion battery, which solves the problem that fireproof parts in the related art influence the heat dissipation process of the lithium ion battery. According to the utility model, the fire extinguishing agent is packaged in the frame for mounting the lithium battery through the thermal decomposition layer, so that the fire extinguishing agent is not directly contacted with the surface of the battery body in daily use of the lithium battery, the heat dissipation of the lithium battery is not influenced, and the rapid temperature rise of the lithium battery after the fire of the lithium battery causes the thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent to decompose, so that the fire extinguishing agent is released to realize a fireproof function. According to the technical scheme, the fireproof function of the lithium battery is realized, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation function of the lithium battery during operation is not affected.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the fireproof lithium ion battery comprises a battery body and a fireproof frame sleeved on the battery body, wherein a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
With respect to the manner in which the battery body is mounted in the frame, reference may be made to fig. 1-2, in which one side of the fire-resistant frame is provided with a through-hole for mounting the battery body, and a support member (not shown) for supporting the battery body and locking the position thereof is provided inside the frame so that the battery body does not contact the outer thermal decomposition layer during normal battery operation to cause heat accumulation to break it.
Preferably, the fireproof frame is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (Poly tetra fluoroethylene, PTFE) material, which has the characteristics of acid resistance, alkali resistance and resistance to various organic solvents, is almost insoluble in all solvents, and can be matched with an external thermal decomposition layer to encapsulate the fire extinguishing agent,
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the fire extinguishing agent comprises one or a mixture of a plurality of perfluoro-hexanone and heptafluoropropane.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro-hexanone, and the mass ratio of the perfluoro-hexanone to the battery body is 1:30-50.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the perfluorinated hexanone to the battery body is 1:25-30.
The heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent has no neglect on the influence on the environment in spite of excellent fire extinguishing performance. The heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent remains in the atmosphere for 31 years, and the green house effect potential value GWP is 3350. The heptafluoropropane and the perfluoro hexanone belong to chemical fire extinguishing agents, and the perfluoro hexanone is also a relatively safe and reliable fire extinguishing agent which can be used in places with people, and compared with the heptafluoropropane, the safe allowance of the perfluoro hexanone is relatively high, compared with the heptafluoropropane, the perfluoro hexanone has strong fire extinguishing performance, low toxicity, environment protection and the like, and the perfluoro hexanone does not belong to dangerous goods, belongs to liquid at high temperature, and can be packaged in a storage cavity of a fireproof frame in a normal pressure state by using an external thermal decomposition layer.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the outer thermal decomposition layer comprises one or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, furan resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, xylene-formaldehyde resin, unsaturated polyester, polyimide and urea-formaldehyde resin.
Preferably, the outer thermal decomposition layer is polypropylene, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 15-25mm.
Polypropylene (PP) is a white wax-like material, transparent and light in appearance, has a melting point of 189 ℃, softens at about 155 ℃, resists corrosion of acid, alkali, salt solution and various organic solvents below 80 ℃, can be decomposed under the action of high temperature and oxidization, is an ideal material for packaging perfluorinated hexanone, and can be timely decomposed to release a fire extinguishing agent after a battery body fires.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the thermal decomposition layer comprises one or more of chitosan, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and sodium alginate.
Preferably, the internal thermal decomposition layer is chitosan, and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 30-40mm.
Chitosan (chitosan) is a naturally occurring dietary fiber which is dehydrated and partially decomposed at about 100 c, and an inner pyrolysis layer made of chitosan is decomposed before an outer pyrolysis layer when a fire occurs, so that when the outer pyrolysis layer is decomposed, the inner pyrolysis layer has been decomposed and releases high pressure gas for spraying fire extinguishing agent.
In addition, the chitosan can be oxidized and combusted at about 200 ℃ to be decomposed again, so that the high-pressure gas is released again at high speed, and the fire extinguishing agent is completely released.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 5-50mm.
Preferably, the vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 8-10mm.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the high-pressure gas is one or a mixture of more of nitrogen and helium.
The nitrogen gas is compressed under high pressure to store a large amount of gas in the storage cavity, so that the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the surface of the battery body to extinguish fire when the battery body fires.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows:
the working principle and the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
first, with fire extinguishing agent with the encapsulation layer encapsulation of pyrolysis in the frame of installation battery body, compare in devices such as the fire prevention felt of direct attached to battery surface, the heat dissipation nature is better. The packaging layer breaks under the condition of a certain temperature or open fire, releases the fire extinguishing agent, and can realize automatic cooling and fire extinguishing.
And secondly, the perfluorinated hexanone with environmental protection and good fire extinguishing performance is adopted as a fire extinguishing agent, and the shell has enough strength and does not react with the perfluorinated hexanone, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be stored for a long time and responds when in key.
Thirdly, set up the high-pressure gas that is used for spraying fire extinguishing agent, and use the better encapsulation side of thermal decomposition performance to encapsulate, when the conflagration takes place, inside encapsulation layer first decomposes and releases high-pressure gas to in time spray fire extinguishing agent at battery body surface.
Drawings
The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery body and a fireproof frame in the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the battery body of fig. 1 installed into a fire-resistant frame.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inside of the storage cavity according to the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a linear array arrangement of fire suppressant on a fire-resistant frame.
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the fire resistance of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2.
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the fire extinguishing efficiency of examples 1, 5-7.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are as follows: a cavity A for storage, a battery body 1, a fireproof frame 2, an outer thermal decomposition layer 3, an inner thermal decomposition layer 4, a fire extinguishing agent 5, high-pressure gas 6 and an airtight plate 7.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present utility model and is not to be construed as limiting the present utility model, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present utility model as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present utility model.
< packaging Process before delivery of fire extinguishing agent >
Referring to fig. 3, an airtight plate 7 is disposed in the storage cavity a, the storage cavity a is divided into two parts, first, the inner space of the airtight plate 7 is filled with high pressure gas, a reserved duct is disposed in the middle of the airtight plate 7, and the inflatable type air inflation work can be performed along the reserved duct. After the inflation is finished, the internal thermal decomposition layer 4 is packaged on the reserved pore canal in the middle of the airtight plate 7 in time so as to realize the packaging process of the high-pressure gas 6. Then, a sufficient amount of fire extinguishing agent 5 is injected into the outer portion of the storage cavity a, and the storage cavity a is finally completely closed by the outer thermal decomposition layer 3.
< detection of Battery fire resistance >
Example 1
A fire resistant lithium ion battery comprising:
a battery body using an LF280K lithium iron phosphate battery (3.2 v,280 ah);
the fireproof frame is sleeved on the battery body and consists of TeflonCustomizing;
a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro-hexanone, TKD-8341 type perfluoro-hexanone is used, and the mass ratio of the perfluoro-hexanone to the battery body is 1:30.
The outer thermal decomposition layer is polypropylene, PPH-Y1300 is used for polypropylene, the polypropylene accords with the national standard GB/T30923-2014 of China, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 15mm.
The internal thermal decomposition layer is chitosan (CAS: 9012-76-4, shandong Ortacan), and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 30mm.
The vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 5mm.
The high-pressure gas is nitrogen.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 1.
Example 2
A fire resistant lithium ion battery comprising:
a battery body using an LF280K lithium iron phosphate battery (3.2 v,280 ah);
the fireproof frame is sleeved on the battery body and consists of TeflonCustomizing;
a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro-hexanone, TKD-8341 type perfluoro-hexanone is used, and the mass ratio of the perfluoro-hexanone to the battery body is 1:50.
The outer thermal decomposition layer is polypropylene, PPH-Y1300 is used for polypropylene, the polypropylene accords with the national standard GB/T30923-2014 of China, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 25mm.
The internal thermal decomposition layer is chitosan (CAS: 9012-76-4, shandong Ortacan), and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 40mm.
The vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 50mm.
The high-pressure gas is nitrogen.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 2.
Example 3
A fire resistant lithium ion battery comprising:
a battery body using an LF280K lithium iron phosphate battery (3.2 v,280 ah);
the fireproof frame is sleeved on the battery body and consists of TeflonCustomizing;
a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent is heptafluoropropane, the perfluoro-hexanone is HFC-227EA type, and the mass ratio of the heptafluoropropane to the battery body is 1:40.
The external thermal decomposition layer is made of epoxy resin, the model of the epoxy resin is LS-D102, and the thickness of the external thermal decomposition layer is 20mm.
The internal thermal decomposition layer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC2200 of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose type, and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 35mm.
The vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 20mm.
The high pressure gas is helium.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 3.
Example 4
A fire resistant lithium ion battery comprising:
a battery body using an LF280K lithium iron phosphate battery (3.2 v,280 ah);
the fireproof frame is sleeved on the battery body and consists of TeflonCustomizing;
a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent is heptafluoropropane, perfluoro-hexanone is HFC-227EA type, and the mass ratio of the heptafluoropropane to the battery body is 1:47.
The outer thermal decomposition layer is made of epoxy resin, the model of the epoxy resin is LS-D102, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 23mm.
The internal thermal decomposition layer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC2200 of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose type, and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 38mm.
The vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 40mm.
The high pressure gas is helium.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 4.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 2 is that no extinguishing agent is provided.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 5.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 2 is that no high-pressure gas was provided.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 6.
The fire resistance of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 was tested and the results are shown in FIG. 5, wherein:
fireproof performance:
class a: the fire phenomenon of the battery can be controlled until the battery is completely extinguished, and the surrounding battery packs are not affected.
B level: the fire phenomenon of the battery can be controlled until the fire is completely extinguished, and the appearance of the surrounding battery pack is slightly influenced but the performance of the surrounding battery pack is not influenced.
C level: the fire phenomenon of the battery is that the fire can be controlled by the battery until the fire is completely extinguished, but the surrounding battery packs are affected in performance, and part of the adjacent battery packs cannot work normally.
D stage: the fire phenomenon of the battery is shown, the fire can be controlled by the battery until the battery is completely extinguished, but the surrounding battery packs cannot work normally completely under the influence of the fire.
E level: the fire phenomenon of the battery is shown, the fire can not be effectively controlled by the battery, and the battery can be introduced by an external fire-fighting mechanism.
It can be seen that the fire-proof batteries of examples 1 to 4 can effectively control the fire after the ignition of the battery body, whereas the fire-proof battery of comparative example 1 does not use a fire extinguishing agent and only relies on the frame to completely fail to control the fire. And the result of comparative example 2 shows that the effect of the fire extinguishing agent is lowered although the fire control effect can be also achieved without releasing the fire extinguishing agent by high pressure gas.
< test of Battery fire prevention efficiency >
Example 5
A fire resistant lithium ion battery comprising:
a battery body using an LF280K lithium iron phosphate battery (3.2 v,280 ah);
the fireproof frame is sleeved on the battery body and consists of TeflonCustomizing;
a cavity for storage is arranged in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro-hexanone, TKD-8341 type perfluoro-hexanone is used, and the mass ratio of the perfluoro-hexanone to the battery body is 1:30.
The outer thermal decomposition layer is polypropylene, PPH-Y1300 is used for polypropylene, the polypropylene accords with the national standard GB/T30923-2014 of China, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 15mm.
The internal thermal decomposition layer is chitosan (CAS: 9012-76-4, shandong Ortacan), and the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 30mm.
The vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 8mm.
The high-pressure gas is nitrogen.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 7.
Example 6
The difference from example 5 is that the outer thermal decomposition layer was at a vertical distance of 10mm from the battery body.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 8.
Example 7
The difference from example 5 is that the outer thermal decomposition layer was spaced apart from the battery body by a vertical distance of 15mm.
The finally produced battery was tested as sample 9.
Samples 1,7-9 were tested for fire protection efficiency and the results are shown in FIG. 6, wherein:
fire extinguishing time: the time counting is started after the open fire of the battery body occurs, the time counting is stopped until the fire is completely extinguished, and the obtained time length is the extinguishing time.
As can be seen from samples 7 and 8, when the vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is controlled within 8-10mm, the fire extinguishing time can be controlled to be about 10s, while compared with samples 1 and 9, outside the range, the fire extinguishing time is prolonged to be about 20s, and the inventor considers that when the fire extinguishing agent release position is too close to the battery body, the fire extinguishing agent does not have enough distance to uniformly cover the surface of the battery body, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is reduced; when the fire extinguishing agent release position is far away from the battery body, the coverage concentration of the fire extinguishing agent on the surface of the battery is insufficient, so that the fire extinguishing capability is reduced, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is also reduced.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present utility model and not for limiting the same, and various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the present utility model, which is defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The fireproof lithium ion battery comprises a battery body and is characterized by further comprising a fireproof frame sleeved on the battery body, wherein a storage cavity is formed in the fireproof frame; the fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the cavity for storage; the cavity for storage is provided with an external thermal decomposition layer for packaging the fire extinguishing agent;
the fire extinguishing agent is positioned between the outer thermal decomposition layer and the inner thermal decomposition layer;
wherein the fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro-hexanone, and the mass ratio of the perfluoro-hexanone to the battery body is 1:30-50;
the internal thermal decomposition layer is chitosan, the thickness of the internal thermal decomposition layer is 30-40mm, and the vertical distance between the external thermal decomposition layer and the battery body is 8-10 mm;
wherein the outer thermal decomposition layer is polypropylene, and the thickness of the outer thermal decomposition layer is 15-25mm.
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| JP2009160387A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-07-23 | Vision Development Co Ltd | Microencapsulated fire extinguisher and manufacturing method thereof, and fire extinguishing composite material |
| KR102011627B1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-10-14 | 정인섭 | fire-extinguishing paint composition comprising fire-extinguishing capsules |
| KR102303096B1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-09-16 | 인선모터스 주식회사 | Fire extinguishing mats for battery and battery storage tray having the same |
| WO2022012449A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
| CN114639899A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-06-17 | 上海瑞浦青创新能源有限公司 | Fire-retardant heat-insulating pad for delaying thermal runaway propagation of battery module |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9149672B2 (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2015-10-06 | Bader Shafaqa Al-Anzi | Encapsulated fire extinguishing agents |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009160387A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-07-23 | Vision Development Co Ltd | Microencapsulated fire extinguisher and manufacturing method thereof, and fire extinguishing composite material |
| KR102011627B1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-10-14 | 정인섭 | fire-extinguishing paint composition comprising fire-extinguishing capsules |
| WO2022012449A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
| KR102303096B1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-09-16 | 인선모터스 주식회사 | Fire extinguishing mats for battery and battery storage tray having the same |
| CN114639899A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-06-17 | 上海瑞浦青创新能源有限公司 | Fire-retardant heat-insulating pad for delaying thermal runaway propagation of battery module |
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