CN116164054A

CN116164054A - Two-stage braking electromagnetic brake and motor device

Info

Publication number: CN116164054A
Application number: CN202211572091.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨�一; 谢芳; 巫泽风
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai; Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co Ltd
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai; Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-08
Filing date: 2022-12-08
Publication date: 2023-05-26

Abstract

The invention provides a double-stage braking electromagnetic brake and a motor device, wherein the double-stage braking electromagnetic brake comprises: the brake comprises a brake stator, a first armature, a second armature, a friction plate, a first elastic structure, a second elastic structure and a magnetic structure; the first elastic structure can provide elastic force for the first armature, the second elastic structure can provide elastic force for the second armature, and the magnetic structure generates magnetic force between the magnetic structure and the brake stator; when the brake stator is powered off, the second armature can be driven by the second elastic structure to be attached to the friction plate, first-stage braking is formed, gaps are formed between the second armature and the brake stator, and when the gaps are larger than or equal to a preset distance, magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure is smaller than elastic force of the first elastic structure, and second-stage braking is formed. According to the invention, the problem that the clearance is gradually increased and the braking moment is attenuated due to the abrasion of parts in the normal operation process of the traditional brake can be solved.

Description

Two-stage braking electromagnetic brake and motor device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a two-stage braking electromagnetic brake and a motor device.

Background

An electromagnetic brake is an important basic component, integrates machinery and electricity, and is mainly used for precisely controlling and braking a rotating mechanism (such as a motor device and the like).

The armature is axially acted by spring force under the brake power-off state, and the friction plate is clamped by the fixed limiting plate to enable the friction plate to be axially stressed, at the moment, a small gap exists between the armature and the stator, and when the connected shaft has a rotation intention, the friction force which prevents rotation exists between the friction plate, the armature and the limiting plate, namely the braking force of the brake, and the brake can also be used for emergency deceleration braking; correspondingly, when the brake is electrified, a coil placed in a groove of the stator core is electrified to generate a magnetic field so as to attract an armature (electromagnetic force) to overcome the spring force to generate axial displacement, a gap is transferred between the armature and a limiting plate, a friction plate is released, and a shaft connected with the friction plate is rotated.

The mechanical movement and clearance related parts of the traditional brake comprise a stator core, an armature, a friction plate, a column sleeve, a limiting plate and a screw. The limiting plate is fixed on the stator core by a screw penetrating through the column sleeve; the armature and the friction plate are horizontally arranged between the limiting plate and the stator core, the armature is provided with a groove for the column sleeve to pass through, the column sleeve plays a role in guiding movement of the armature, and the friction plate is arranged between the limiting plate and the armature. To sum up, gap = distance from the limit plate near friction plate end face to the stator core near armature end face-armature thickness-friction plate thickness. Under the normal operation condition of the brake, the abrasion of each part can be caused by the movement impact of the armature when the armature is powered on and off and the severe friction of the friction plate, the armature and the limiting plate when the friction plate is clamped during emergency braking, so that the gap is increased. The normal operation of the brake needs to ensure that the gap is within a certain range, when the gap is increased, the magnetic resistance between the stator and the armature is increased, so that the response time of the brake for energizing and attracting the armature is increased, and the situation that the response is too slow or even the armature cannot be attracted is easily caused when the gap is too large; and the increase of the clearance also can lead to the reduction of the compression amount of the spring, namely the reduction of the spring force, so that the braking force is reduced, and the original static friction torque and the emergency braking time can not be maintained.

Because the parts in the prior art are worn in the normal operation process of the brake, the clearance is gradually increased, the braking moment is attenuated and the like, the invention designs a double-stage braking electromagnetic brake and a motor device.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that in the prior art, the brake has the defects that the gaps are gradually increased and the braking moment is attenuated due to the abrasion of parts in the normal operation process of the brake, so that the two-stage braking electromagnetic brake and the motor device are provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake, comprising:

the brake comprises a brake stator, a first armature, a second armature, a friction plate, a first elastic structure, a second elastic structure and a magnetic structure, wherein the first armature and the second armature are positioned between the brake stator and the friction plate in the axial direction of the brake stator; the first elastic structure can provide elastic force for the first armature, the second elastic structure can provide elastic force for the second armature, and the magnetic structure can generate magnetic force between the first armature and the brake stator;

When the brake stator is powered off, the second armature can be driven by the second elastic structure to be attached to the friction plate to form primary braking, at the moment, a gap is formed between the second armature and the brake stator, when the gap is larger than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force between the first armature and the brake stator, which is generated by the magnetic structure, is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure, and the elastic force of the first elastic structure drives the first armature to move to be attached to the friction plate to form secondary braking.

In some embodiments, the first armature and the second armature are both annular structures, the first armature is sleeved on the radial periphery of the second armature, the first elastic structure is arranged on the brake stator and only provides elastic force for the first armature, the second elastic structure is arranged on the brake stator and only provides elastic force for the second armature, and the magnetic structure is arranged on the first armature.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator is energized, a primary magnetic field generated by the brake stator can form a loop through the brake stator, the first armature and the second armature, and a secondary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure also forms a loop through the brake stator, the first armature and the second armature, when the first armature and the second armature are both attached to the brake stator.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator is powered off, no magnetic force exists between the second armature and the brake stator, the second armature is pushed out by the second elastic structure to form the gap with the brake stator, a secondary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure forms a loop through the brake stator, the first armature, the second armature and the gap, and when the gap is smaller than a preset distance, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure between the first armature and the brake stator is larger than the elastic force of the first elastic structure, and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure controls the first armature to continuously fit with the brake stator; at this time, the second armature is not attached to the brake stator, so that primary braking is formed.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator is powered off, the secondary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure forms a loop through the brake stator, the first armature, the second armature and the gap, and when the gap between the second armature and the brake stator is greater than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure between the first armature and the brake stator is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure, and the first armature is pushed out by the first elastic structure to form a secondary brake.

In some embodiments, when the electromagnetic brake forms a primary brake or a secondary brake, and when the brake stator is energized again, a primary magnetic field generated by the brake stator can form a loop through the brake stator, air, the first armature, the second armature and air, and a secondary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure forms a loop through the first armature and the second armature and air, the primary magnetic field and the secondary magnetic field together controlling the first armature and the second armature to both move toward the brake stator until the first armature and the second armature are in contact with the brake stator.

In some embodiments, the magnetic force generated by the brake stator is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic structure, the magnetic force generated by the brake stator is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic structure, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic structure when the gap is less than a preset distance, and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure is less than the elastic force of the first elastic structure when the gap is greater than or equal to a preset distance.

In some embodiments, the radial outer peripheral wall of the second armature is in clearance fit with the radial inner peripheral wall of the first armature, and the amount of clearance is less than or equal to 0.1mm.

In some embodiments, a first receiving hole is provided in the brake stator, the first receiving hole extends from the interior of the brake stator to a first axial end face of the brake stator, the first axial end face is opposite to the second armature, an inner diameter of the second armature is smaller than an aperture of the first receiving hole, an outer diameter of the second armature is larger than the aperture of the first receiving hole, the second elastic structure is disposed in the first receiving hole, and one end of the second elastic structure is abutted with a groove bottom of the first receiving hole, and the other end of the second elastic structure is abutted with the second armature so as to provide elastic thrust for the second armature.

In some embodiments, the first receiving hole is a cylindrical hole, a center line of which coincides with a center axis of the brake stator, a center line of the center hole of the second armature coincides with the center axis, and the second elastic structure is a spring.

In some embodiments, the brake stator is further provided with a second receiving hole inside, the second receiving hole extends from the inside of the brake stator to the first axial end face of the brake stator, and the second receiving hole is opposite to a solid portion between the radially inner periphery and the radially outer periphery of the first armature, and one end of the first elastic structure abuts against a groove bottom of the second receiving hole, and the other end of the first elastic structure abuts against the first armature, so that elastic thrust can be provided to the first armature.

In some embodiments, the first armature is of a split structure and comprises a first armature and a second armature, the first armature and the second armature are spliced, and the magnetic structure is arranged between the first armature and the second armature.

In some embodiments, the first armature and the second armature are arranged along the axial direction of the first armature in a connecting way, a first groove is formed in the axial end face of the first armature facing the second armature, a second groove is formed in the axial end face of the second armature facing the first armature, the first groove and the second groove are oppositely connected to form a groove for accommodating the magnetic structure, a part of the magnetic structure is arranged in the first groove, and the other part of the magnetic structure is arranged in the second groove.

In some embodiments, the first groove and the second groove are both annular groove structures, and the magnetic structure is also an annular structure; the magnetic structure is a permanent magnet; the first elastic structure is a spring.

In some embodiments, the first armature and the second armature are connected through a screw or a bolt, or the first armature and the second armature are connected through adhesion, or the first armature, the magnetic structure and the second armature are integrally formed.

In some embodiments, a coil groove is further formed in the brake stator, the coil groove extends from the interior of the brake stator to the first axial end face in the axial direction, a coil is arranged in the coil groove, and the coil is further connected to a power supply outside the brake stator through an outgoing line.

In some embodiments, the friction plate is of annular configuration and has an outer diameter greater than and less than an inner diameter of the first armature and an inner diameter less than and greater than an outer diameter of the second armature; the friction plate comprises a third axial end face and a fourth axial end face which are positioned at two axial ends of the friction plate; forming a primary braking of the friction plate when only the second armature is in contact with the third axial end surface of the friction plate; and when the second armature and the first armature are connected with the third axial end surface of the friction plate, the friction plate is braked in a second stage.

In some embodiments, the friction plate further comprises a baffle and a square wheel, the baffle is arranged at the fourth axial end face of the friction plate, the square wheel is arranged on the radial inner periphery of the friction plate in a penetrating mode, the baffle is also of an annular structure, the square wheel is located on the radial inner side of the baffle, the radial outer peripheral wall of the square wheel is connected with the radial inner peripheral wall of the friction plate, friction braking is carried out on the square wheel through the friction plate, and the axial movement of the friction plate is limited by the baffle.

The invention also provides a motor device which comprises the double-stage braking electromagnetic brake.

The two-stage braking electromagnetic brake and the motor device provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the armatures are arranged to be in a split structure, the first elastic structure and the second elastic structure are respectively arranged on the brake stator, the magnetic structure is arranged on the first armature, a magnetic field can be formed through the magnetic structure, additional magnetic force between the brake stator and the first armature is formed, and no additional magnetic force (or the formed magnetic force is very small or approaches to 0) is formed between the second armature and the brake stator, so that the second armature is directly pushed out by the second elastic structure after the brake stator is powered off to be attached to the friction plate to form primary braking, the magnetic force provided by the magnetic structure is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic structure if the gap between the second armature and the brake stator is larger than or equal to the preset distance, the first armature is pushed out by the first elastic structure to be combined with the friction plate to form secondary braking, the contact area between the second armature and the friction plate can be increased through the first armature, the friction braking torque (torque) is effectively increased, the problem that the gaps are gradually increased due to the abrasion of parts in the normal operation process of the traditional brake is effectively solved, the braking torque is gradually increased, the braking torque is reduced, and the braking function is supplemented by the aid of the magnetic circuit braking function is increased after the primary braking torque is achieved; the safety of the whole brake product in the running process is ensured. Particularly plays an important role in some occasions which can not run intermittently, and the two-stage braking structure can remind engineering personnel of timely replacing the brake.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a block diagram of the external form of a conventional brake in the prior art;

FIG. 1b is a sectional view of the conventional brake of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional block diagram of a dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic field of the dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of the present invention in a coil energized state;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of the present invention during one-stage braking;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of the present invention at the beginning of a second-stage brake actuation;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of the present invention in a two-stage braking operation.

The reference numerals are expressed as:

1. a brake stator; 2. a coil; 3. a friction plate; 4. a baffle; 5. a square wheel; 6. an armature; 61. a first armature; 611. a first armature; 612. a first armature II; 62. a second armature; 7. a spring; 71. a first elastic structure; 72. a second elastic structure; 8. a column sleeve; 9. a lead-out wire; 10. a motor shaft; 11. a magnetic structure; 12. a first accommodation hole; 13. a first axial end face; 14. a second accommodation hole; 15. a coil groove; 100. a gap; 200. a main magnetic field; 300. a secondary magnetic field.

Detailed Description

As in fig. 1a-1b, when the conventional brake is de-energized: the coil 2 is powered off, the electromagnetic force acting on the brake stator 1 disappears, the compressed spring 7 needs to be restored to the original size, the compressed spring 7 releases the spring force and acts on the armature 6 to push the armature 6 to move towards the baffle plate 4, and the current armature 6 clamps the friction plate 3 with the baffle plate 4. The friction plate 3 generates friction moment due to the friction between the two sides under the action of force. Friction torque = braking torque, at this time, square wheel 5 linked with the gap of friction plate 3 stops rotating, motor shaft 10 stops rotating, and the motor is braked;

because the braking condition is bad, such as emergency braking condition, the brake is braked frequently, and each time of braking, the abrasion of the friction plate 3 can be brought. The size of the friction plate 3 is reduced, the gap between the whole brake machine is increased, when the limit size exceeds 0.5, the electromagnetic force generated by the brake stator 1 cannot attract the armature 6 to one side of the brake stator 1, and the brake fails; meanwhile, because the over-travel of the spring 7 is released, the spring force generated by the spring 7 is insufficient, and the braking force is indirectly insufficient; at the moment, the position of the mechanical arm/mechanical arm is braked and positioned by virtue of a brake, and the inaccurate positioning position can be caused by insufficient moment, so that the phenomena of swing arm/arm falling and the like are seriously caused; there is a considerable risk to the operator/equipment/products.

As shown in fig. 2-6, the present invention provides a dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake comprising:

a brake stator 1, a first armature 61, a second armature 62, a friction plate 3, a first elastic structure 71, a second elastic structure 72, and a magnetic structure 11, the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 being located between the brake stator 1 and the friction plate 3 in an axial direction of the brake stator 1; the first elastic structure 71 can provide elastic force to the first armature 61, the second elastic structure 72 can provide elastic force to the second armature 62, and the magnetic structure 11 can generate magnetic force (preferably magnetic attraction force) between the first armature 61 and the brake stator 1;

when the brake stator 1 is powered off, the second armature 62 can be driven by the second elastic structure 72 to be attached to the friction plate 3 to form primary braking, at this time, the second armature 62 and the brake stator 1 generate a gap 100, when the gap 100 is greater than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force generated between the first armature 61 and the brake stator 1 by the magnetic structure 11 is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71, and the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71 drives the first armature 61 to move to be attached to the friction plate 3 to form secondary braking.

According to the invention, the armatures are arranged to be in a split structure, the first elastic structure and the second elastic structure are respectively arranged on the brake stator, the magnetic structure is arranged on the first armature, a magnetic field can be formed through the magnetic structure, an additional magnetic force between the brake stator and the first armature is formed, and the additional magnetic force is not formed between the second armature and the brake stator, so that the second armature is directly pushed out by the second elastic structure after the brake stator is powered off to be attached to the friction plate to form primary braking, if the gap between the second armature and the brake stator is larger than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force provided by the magnetic structure is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic structure, the first armature is pushed out by the first elastic structure to be combined with the friction plate to form secondary braking, the contact area between the second armature and the friction plate can be increased through the first armature, and therefore the problem that the gap is gradually increased in the normal operation process of the traditional brake is effectively solved, the moment is attenuated is caused, the magnetic circuit characteristics between the brake stator and the brake stator are utilized, and the magnetic circuit between the two-stage braking function is increased, namely the secondary braking function is supplemented, and the secondary braking function is disabled; the safety of the whole brake product in the running process is ensured. Particularly plays an important role in some occasions which can not run intermittently, and the two-stage braking structure can remind engineering personnel of timely replacing the brake.

In some embodiments, the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 are both annular structures, the first armature 61 is sleeved on the radial outer periphery of the second armature 62 (the first armature is preferably an outer armature, the second armature is preferably an inner armature), the first elastic structure 71 is disposed on the brake stator 1 and provides elastic force to only the first armature 61, the second elastic structure 72 is disposed on the brake stator 1 and provides elastic force to only the second armature 62, and the magnetic structure 11 is disposed on the first armature 61.

This is the preferred form of construction and relative positioning of the first and second armatures, as well as the positioning of the first and second spring structures and the positioning of the magnetic structure, whereby the first spring structure provides a spring force to the first armature and the second spring structure provides a spring force to the second armature, and the magnetic structure provides a magnetic force to the first armature only as much as possible, the second armature being less or approaching 0 to the magnetic force of the magnetic structure.

The magnetic structure can be arranged on the outer armature instead of the inner armature, and the outer armature forms primary braking and the inner armature forms secondary braking.

The invention relates to a double-stage braking electromagnetic brake, which does not need an external control module, can assist engineering personnel to judge whether the brake works normally under the condition that braking torque is not attenuated, and can still ensure the safety of the brake when a gap is increased to exceed a set range. The improvement points of the invention are that:

1. the invention designs a double-stage braking structure, wherein a double-stage braking function is added by utilizing the magnetic circuit characteristics between a stator and an armature of a brake through the double-stage braking structure of a first armature and a second armature, namely, after one-stage braking fails, a second-stage braking function is started, torque is supplemented, and the function that braking torque is not attenuated under the condition that a gap between a friction plate and the armature is increased due to abrasion is realized; the safety of the whole brake product in the running process is ensured. Particularly plays an important role in certain occasions which can not run intermittently.

2. The effect of reminding engineering personnel to replace the brake in time is achieved through the two-stage braking function; (in the explanation, the first braking second armature is impacted and pressed on the friction plate through the spring to make one sound, and the second braking first armature is impacted and pressed on the friction plate to make a second sound, so that the related personnel are reminded of the brake to be replaced according to the continuous two sounds); (alerting personnel to the thinning of the friction plate and the replacement, either to replace the friction plate, the shutter and the armature, or to replace the entire brake).

The invention solves the following technical problems:

1. the abrasion of parts in the normal operation process of the traditional brake can lead to gradual increase of gaps and attenuation of braking torque;

2. the traditional brake has no torque increasing function; after the torque of the brake is attenuated, the brake still works until the brake is scrapped; this operational behaviour is detrimental to personnel/equipment/products;

3. the traditional brake can not help prompt engineering personnel to replace the brake, and has no function.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator 1 is energized, the generated main magnetic field 200 can form a loop through the brake stator 1, the first armature 61 and the second armature 62, and the sub magnetic field 300 generated by the magnetic structure 11 also forms a loop through the brake stator 1, the first armature 61 and the second armature 62, and both the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 are attached to the brake stator 1. This is the preferred form of construction of the present invention when the brake stator is energized, i.e., the primary magnetic field 200 generated by the brake stator when energized is able to form a loop through the brake, the first armature and the second armature, while providing magnetic force to the first armature and the second armature, and the second armature is magnetically attracted against the spring force of the second spring structure to engage the brake stator, the first armature is magnetically attracted against the spring force of the first spring structure by simultaneous action of the primary magnetic field 200 and the secondary magnetic field 300 provided by the magnetic structure to engage the brake stator, and neither of the first and second armatures is in contact with the friction plate, which rotates with the square wheel and motor shaft.

When the two-stage brake coil is electrified, the magnetic field generated by the coil 2 of the brake stator 1 is superposed with the magnetic field generated by the annular magnetic steel (the magnetic structure 11), the attraction generated by superposition is greater than the elastic force generated by the inner spring and the outer spring, and the first armature and the second armature are both attracted. The friction plate 3 is in a released state and the motor rotates freely.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator 1 is powered off, there is no magnetic force between the second armature 62 and the brake stator 1, the second armature 62 is pushed out by the second elastic structure 72 to form the gap 100 with the brake stator 1, the secondary magnetic field 300 generated by the magnetic structure 11 forms a loop through the brake stator 1, the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 and the gap 100, and when the gap 100 is smaller than a preset distance, the magnetic force between the first armature 61 and the brake stator 1 generated by the magnetic structure 11 is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71, and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure 11 controls the first armature 61 to continuously fit with the brake stator 1; at this time, the second armature 62 is not attached to the brake stator 1, and a primary braking is formed.

The brake stator is in a preferable structural form under the condition that the interval distance between the friction plate and the second armature is smaller after the brake stator is powered off, the main magnetic field 200 provided by the brake stator is disappeared when the brake stator is powered off, the second armature is pushed out under the action of the elastic thrust of the second elastic structure at the moment, and then is attached to the friction plate to generate braking moment on the friction plate, so that the friction plate is prevented from rotating, and primary braking on a motor shaft is generated; when the second armature is pushed out so that the gap between the second armature and the brake stator is smaller than the preset distance (the second armature is required to move to be connected with the friction plate, so that the interval distance between the friction plate and the second armature is equal to the gap), a loop can be formed between the first armature, the second armature, the gap and the brake stator by the auxiliary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure, but the magnetic force between the first armature and the stator generated by the magnetic structure is larger due to the smaller gap leading to smaller magnetic resistance, so that the elastic force of the first elastic structure can be effectively overcome, the first armature is continuously attracted on the stator, and only the second armature is attached to the friction plate, so that primary braking is generated.

When the coil of the present invention is deenergized (fig. 4 is changed to the case of deenergization in fig. 3), the attractive force of the brake stator 1 disappears; the magnetic field generated by the first armature 61 still exists, part of the magnetic circuit passes through the second armature 62, the spring force generated by the outer spring (the first elastic structure 71) is less than the attractive force generated by the first armature 61, the outer spring is in a compressed state, and the gap between the first armature 61 and the stator=0; at this time, no magnetic field is generated in the second armature 62 (i.e. the second armature does not have a magnetic structure in the interior thereof, the second armature does not generate a magnetic field, the magnetic force between the second armature generated by the first armature and the stator is very small and approaches 0 through the magnetic force generated by the second armature), so the attraction force of the second armature 62 to the brake stator 1 is close to 0; the inner spring (second elastic structure 72) generates spring force to push the second armature 62 towards the baffle 4, so that the friction plate rubs to generate braking force, and primary braking is formed.

In some embodiments, when the brake stator 1 is powered off, the secondary magnetic field 300 generated by the magnetic structure 11 forms a loop through the brake stator 1, the first armature 61, the second armature 62 and the gap 100, and when the gap 100 between the second armature 62 and the brake stator 1 is greater than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force between the first armature 61 and the brake stator 1 generated by the magnetic structure 11 is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71, and the first armature 61 is pushed out by the first elastic structure 71 to form a secondary brake.

The brake stator is in a preferable structural form under the condition that the interval distance between the friction plate and the second armature is larger after the brake stator is powered off, the main magnetic field 200 provided by the brake stator is disappeared when the brake stator is powered off, the second armature is pushed out under the action of the elastic thrust of the second elastic structure at the moment, and then is attached to the friction plate to generate braking moment on the friction plate, so that the friction plate is prevented from rotating, and primary braking on a motor shaft is generated; when the second armature is pushed out to enable the gap between the second armature and the brake stator to be larger than or equal to the preset distance (the gap between the friction plate and the second armature is equal to the gap because the second armature needs to move to be connected with the friction plate), a loop can be formed between the first armature, the second armature, the gap and the brake stator by the auxiliary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure, but the magnetic force between the first armature and the stator generated by the magnetic structure is smaller because the gap is larger and leads to larger magnetic resistance, so that the elastic force of the first elastic structure cannot be overcome, the first armature cannot be continuously attracted on the stator, and at the moment, the first armature is pushed out by the first elastic structure to be in contact with the friction plate, so that the second armature and the first armature are both attached with the friction plate, the braking contact area is effectively increased, the braking moment is improved, and secondary braking is generated.

In the present invention, when the friction plate is severely worn, that is, when the moving distance of the second armature 62 is equal to or greater than the set gap. The relative displacement between the second armature 62 and the first armature 61 becomes larger (fig. 5), and at this time, the magnetic field generated by the first armature 61 cannot form a loop through the second armature 62, so that the magnetic resistance becomes larger and the magnetic field attractive force becomes smaller; the spring force generated by the outer spring (first spring structure 71) at this time is > the attractive force generated by the first armature 61. The first armature 61 is urged by an outer spring to move toward the friction plate 3 by the spring force. The spatial position is maintained coincident with the second armature 62, with the magnetic circuit of the first armature 61 communicating with the second armature 62.

In some embodiments, when the electromagnetic brake forms a primary brake or a secondary brake, and when the brake stator 1 is energized again, the main magnetic field 200 generated by the brake stator 1 can form a loop through the brake stator 1, air, the first armature 61, the second armature 62 and air, the auxiliary magnetic field 300 generated by the magnetic structure forms a loop through the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 and air, and the main magnetic field 200 and the auxiliary magnetic field 300 jointly control the first armature 61 and the second armature 62 to move toward the brake stator 1 to be in contact with the brake stator 1.

The electromagnetic brake is in a preferable structural form when the electromagnetic brake is electrified again after braking, at the moment, a loop can be formed between the first armature, the second armature and air due to the auxiliary magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure, magnetic force between the first armature and the stator is generated, so that magnetic force generated by the main magnetic field 200 and magnetic force generated by the auxiliary magnetic field and directed to the first armature and the second armature act together to suck back the first armature and the second armature, and return magnetic force is provided together with magnetic force of the stator through the magnetic loop generated between the first armature and the second armature in the return process of the armature, so that return force to the first armature is effectively increased, energy efficiency is improved, and return is quicker.

When the coil 2 of the present invention is energized again, the second armature 62 and the first armature 61 are simultaneously attracted to the stator side; when the power is cut off again, the second armature and the first armature can act successively, and the friction plate is braked in a first stage or a second stage according to the interval distance between the friction plate and the armature.

In some embodiments, the magnetic force generated by the brake stator 1 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic structure 72, the magnetic force generated by the brake stator 1 is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure 11 is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71 when the gap is smaller than the preset distance, and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure 11 is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure 71 when the gap is greater than or equal to the preset distance.

The magnetic force of the brake stator is respectively in relation with the first elastic force and the second elastic force and in relation with the magnetic structure and the first elastic force, the magnetic force of the brake stator is set to be larger than the elastic force of the second elastic structure, the second elastic force can be effectively overcome through the electrified coil so as to effectively suck back the second armature without contacting with the friction plate, the magnetic force of the brake stator is set to be larger than the elastic force of the first elastic structure, the first elastic force can be effectively overcome through the electrified coil so as to effectively suck back the first armature without contacting with the friction plate, and the magnetic force control device is also suitable for the situation that the motor works normally (the magnetic force of the first elastic structure is basically only required to be smaller than the magnetic force of the stator and the magnetic force of the magnetic structure can meet the requirement, but the magnetic force of the first elastic structure can be preferably set to be directly smaller than the magnetic force of the stator so as to ensure that the first armature can be sucked back normally and meet the requirement of the motor work); the magnetic force of the magnetic structure is set to be larger than the first elastic force when the gap is smaller than the preset distance and smaller than the first elastic force when the gap is larger than or equal to the preset distance, so that the magnetic structure and the first elastic structure can be set according to the interval distance between the friction plate and the armature in the actual working condition, the working condition above the interval distance is effectively ensured to automatically execute the second-stage braking, the working condition below the interval distance is automatically executed to automatically execute the first-stage braking, and the requirement of the working condition of the actual motor is met. The problem of traditional stopper normal operating process spare part wearing and tearing can lead to the clearance to increase gradually, leads to braking moment to decay is solved.

In some embodiments, the radial outer peripheral wall of the second armature 62 is in clearance fit with the radial inner peripheral wall of the first armature 61, and the amount of clearance is less than or equal to 0.1mm. The gap amount of the invention needs to be controlled, so that the gap is prevented from being too large, and the air magnetic resistance is increased; the magnetic conduction effect between the second armature and the first armature is poor; a gap is also provided to reduce wear and work costs associated with relative movement between the second armature and the first armature.

The invention develops a double-stage brake with a double-stage braking function; the armature 6 is divided into a double-section structure, namely a second armature 62 (inner ring, annular) and a first armature 61 (outer ring, annular), which are in clearance fit and do not interfere with each other, and the clearance is less than or equal to 0.1. An in-structure spring (i.e., a second elastic structure 72) is added to the brake stator 1; acting in conjunction with the outer spring (first resilient structure 71) to exert a spring force.

In some embodiments, the brake stator 1 is internally provided with a first receiving hole 12, the first receiving hole 12 extends from the interior of the brake stator 1 to a first axial end surface 13 of the brake stator 1, the first axial end surface 13 is opposite to the second armature 62, the second armature 62 has an inner diameter smaller than the aperture of the first receiving hole 12, the second armature 62 has an outer diameter larger than the aperture of the first receiving hole 12, the second elastic structure 72 is disposed in the first receiving hole 12, and one end of the second elastic structure 72 abuts against a groove bottom of the first receiving hole 12 and the other end abuts against the second armature 62 so as to provide elastic thrust to the second armature 62. This is the preferred form of construction between the brake stator of the present invention and the second resilient structure and the second armature, i.e. the second resilient structure can be located therein through the provision of a first receiving aperture having a bore diameter between the outer and inner diameters of the second armature so as to enable the second resilient structure in the first receiving aperture to act effectively on the second armature to provide resilient thrust.

In some embodiments, the first receiving hole 12 is a cylindrical hole, a center line of which coincides with a center axis of the brake stator 1, a center line of a center hole of the second armature 62 coincides with the center axis, and the second elastic structure 72 is a spring. The first receiving hole of the present invention is preferably a cylindrical hole coaxial with the central axis of the brake stator, and the second armature is also a circular cylinder structure coaxial with the central axis, capable of receiving the motor shaft therethrough, and the second elastic structure is preferably a spring capable of providing elastic thrust to the second armature by compression.

In some embodiments, the interior of the brake stator 1 is further provided with a second receiving hole 14, the second receiving hole 14 extends from the interior of the brake stator 1 to the first axial end face 13 of the brake stator 1, and the second receiving hole 14 is opposite to a solid portion between the radially inner periphery and the radially outer periphery of the first armature 61, and one end of the first elastic structure 71 abuts against the groove bottom of the second receiving hole 14, and the other end abuts against the first armature 61, so as to provide elastic thrust to the first armature 61.

This is the preferred form of construction between the brake stator of the invention and the first resilient structure and the first armature, i.e. the first resilient structure can be provided therein by providing a second receiving hole opposite the solid portion of the first armature so as to enable the first resilient structure in the second receiving hole to act effectively on the second armature providing resilient thrust.

In some embodiments, the first armature 61 is a split structure and includes a first armature 611 and a second armature 612, the first armature 611 and the second armature 612 are spliced together, and the magnetic structure 11 is disposed between the first armature 611 and the second armature 612. The first armature of the present invention is preferably a split structure comprising a first armature and a second armature, and is capable of being effectively disposed between the magnetic structure and the first armature and the second armature.

In some embodiments, the first armature 611 and the second armature 612 are arranged along the axial direction of the first armature, a first groove is formed at the axial end face of the first armature 611 facing the second armature 612, a second groove is formed at the axial end face of the second armature 612 facing the first armature 611, the first groove and the second groove are oppositely connected to form a groove for accommodating the magnetic structure 11, a part of the magnetic structure 11 is disposed in the first groove, and another part is disposed in the second groove. This is a further preferred form of construction of the split first armature of the present invention, namely the formation of first and second grooves that are spliced to receive the magnetic structure in both grooves, to complete the setting and securing of the magnetic structure.

In some embodiments, the first groove and the second groove are both annular groove structures, and the magnetic structure 11 is also an annular structure; the magnetic structure 11 is a permanent magnet; the first elastic structure 71 is a spring. The invention further preferably adopts an annular groove structure as the two grooves, the magnetic structure is also an annular structure, the magnetic structure can provide magnetic force between the first armature and the stator in the circumferential direction, the magnetic structure can always provide an auxiliary magnetic field for the permanent magnet, and the first elastic structure preferably adopts a spring to provide elastic thrust through compression of the spring.

In some embodiments, the first armature 611 and the second armature 612 are connected by a screw or a bolt, or the first armature 611 and the second armature 612 are connected by adhesion, or the first armature 611, the magnetic structure 11 and the second armature 612 are integrally formed. The first armature of the split structure of the present invention can be preferably connected or bonded or integrally formed by a threaded fastener, and can be of an integrated structure.

The first armature 61 of the invention is embedded with annular magnetic steel (magnetic structure 11), the first armature 61 is radially divided equally, and the embedded thickness dimension of the embedded magnetic steel is 3:1, the annular magnetic steel can be combined with the first armature 61 in an interference/gluing mode, and is embedded in the annular magnetic steel.

In some embodiments, a coil slot 15 is further formed in the interior of the brake stator 1, the coil slot 15 extends from the interior of the brake stator 1 to the first axial end face 13 in the axial direction, a coil 2 is disposed in the coil slot 15, and the coil 2 is further connected to a power source outside the brake stator 1 through an outgoing line 9. The coil can be arranged in the brake stator through the coil groove, so that a main magnetic field is provided by electrifying the coil, magnetic force is provided for the second armature and the first armature respectively, and the effect of releasing braking is achieved.

In some embodiments, the friction plate 3 is of annular configuration, and the outer diameter of the friction plate 3 is greater than the inner diameter of the first armature 61 and less than the outer diameter of the first armature 61, and the inner diameter of the friction plate 3 is less than the outer diameter of the second armature 62 and greater than the inner diameter of the second armature 62; the friction plate 3 comprises a third axial end face and a fourth axial end face which are positioned at two axial ends of the friction plate; when only the second armature 62 is in contact with the third axial end surface of the friction plate 3, primary braking of the friction plate 3 is formed; when the second armature 62 and the first armature 61 are both in contact with the third axial end surface of the friction plate 3, a two-stage braking of the friction plate 3 is formed. The friction plate is in a further preferable structural form, the annular structural form is adopted, the outer diameter of the friction plate is positioned between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the first armature, the inner diameter of the friction plate is positioned between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the second armature, the friction plate can be contacted with the second armature respectively and simultaneously, so that braking torsion moment can be provided for the friction plate, the friction plate is prevented from rotating, the first-stage braking and the second-stage braking of the friction plate can be effectively completed according to the size of a follow-up gap, the problem that the gap is gradually increased and the braking moment is attenuated due to the abrasion of parts in the normal operation process of the traditional brake is solved, and the problem that the traditional brake has no torque increasing function is solved, and the problem that engineering personnel cannot be assisted in reminding of replacing the brake is solved.

In some embodiments, the friction plate further comprises a baffle 4 and a square wheel 5, the baffle 4 is arranged at the fourth axial end face of the friction plate 3, the square wheel 5 is arranged on the radial inner periphery of the friction plate 3 in a penetrating mode, the baffle 4 is also of an annular structure, the square wheel 5 is arranged on the radial inner side of the baffle 4, the radial outer peripheral wall of the square wheel 5 is connected with the radial inner peripheral wall of the friction plate 3, so that friction braking is carried out on the square wheel 5 through the friction plate 3, and the axial movement of the friction plate 3 is limited by the baffle 4. The two-stage brake is in a further preferable structural form, the baffle plate can limit the movement of the friction plate in the axial direction, the friction plate is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the square wheel (preferably in interference fit), the rotation of the friction plate can be driven by the rotation of the square wheel, the rotation of the friction plate is braked by the two-stage brake structure of the second armature and the first armature, and further the braking effect of the opposite wheel and even a motor shaft is driven.

The two-stage brake of the invention is automatically started only when the braking force generated by the second armature 62 and the friction plate 3 is insufficient, and after the two-stage brake is started, the braking force generated by the first armature 61 and the outer spring (the first elastic structure 71) and the friction plate 3 is used as the secondary braking force to instantaneously supplement the primary braking force (the primary braking force: the braking force generated by the second armature 62, the inner spring (the second elastic structure 72) and the friction plate 3); the double-stage braking force meets the normal requirement of the motor, the safety of a servo system and the stability of equipment under a specific working condition (such as a working condition that a production line cannot stop and the specific requirement cannot stop) are prolonged, the sound of the armature and the friction plate can obviously appear twice during starting, and at the moment, engineering personnel can judge that the brake is abnormal according to the sound of double braking and prepare to replace the brake.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A double-stage braking electromagnetic brake is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:

a brake stator (1), a first armature (61), a second armature (62), a friction plate (3), a first elastic structure (71), a second elastic structure (72) and a magnetic structure (11), the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) being located between the brake stator (1) and the friction plate (3) in an axial direction of the brake stator (1); -the first elastic structure (71) is able to provide an elastic force to the first armature (61), -the second elastic structure (72) is able to provide an elastic force to the second armature (62), -the magnetic structure (11) is able to generate a magnetic force between the first armature (61) and the brake stator (1);

When the brake stator (1) is powered off, the second armature (62) can be driven to be attached to the friction plate (3) to form primary braking, at the moment, the second armature (62) and the brake stator (1) generate a gap (100), when the gap (100) is greater than or equal to a preset distance, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure (11) between the first armature (61) and the brake stator (1) is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71), and the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71) drives the first armature (61) to move to be attached to the friction plate (3) to form secondary braking.

2. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 1, wherein:

the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) are both of annular structures, the first armature (61) is arranged on the radial periphery of the second armature (62), the first elastic structure (71) is arranged on the brake stator (1) and only provides elastic force for the first armature (61), the second elastic structure (72) is arranged on the brake stator (1) and only provides elastic force for the second armature (62), and the magnetic structure (11) is arranged on the first armature (61).

3. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

when the brake stator (1) is electrified, a main magnetic field (200) generated by the brake stator (1), the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) can form a loop, and a secondary magnetic field (300) generated by the magnetic structure (11) also forms a loop through the brake stator (1), the first armature (61) and the second armature (62), and at the moment, the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) are attached to the brake stator (1).

4. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

when the brake stator (1) is powered off, no magnetic force exists between the second armature (62) and the brake stator (1), the second armature (62) is pushed out by the second elastic structure (72) to form the gap (100) with the brake stator (1), a secondary magnetic field (300) generated by the magnetic structure (11) forms a loop through the brake stator (1), the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) and the gap (100), and when the gap (100) is smaller than a preset distance, the magnetic force between the first armature (61) and the brake stator (1) generated by the magnetic structure (11) is larger than the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71), and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure (11) controls the first armature (61) to be continuously attached to the brake stator (1); at this time, the second armature (62) is not attached to the brake stator (1), and a primary brake is formed.

5. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

when the brake stator (1) is powered off, a secondary magnetic field (300) generated by the magnetic structure (11) forms a loop through the brake stator (1), the first armature (61), the second armature (62) and the gap (100), and when the gap (100) between the second armature (62) and the brake stator (1) is larger than or equal to a preset distance, a magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure (11) between the first armature (61) and the brake stator (1) is smaller than an elastic force of the first elastic structure (71), and the first armature (61) is pushed out by the first elastic structure (71) to form secondary braking.

6. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

when the electromagnetic brake forms primary braking or secondary braking and when the brake stator (1) is electrified again, a main magnetic field (200) generated by the brake stator (1) can form a loop through the brake stator (1), air, the first armature (61), the second armature (62) and air, a secondary magnetic field (300) generated by the magnetic structure forms a loop through the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) and air, and the main magnetic field (200) and the secondary magnetic field (300) jointly control the first armature (61) and the second armature (62) to move towards the brake stator (1) to be attached to the brake stator (1).

7. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the magnetic force generated by the brake stator (1) is larger than the elastic force of the second elastic structure (72), the magnetic force generated by the brake stator (1) is larger than the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71), when the gap is smaller than a preset distance, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure (11) is larger than the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71), and when the gap is larger than or equal to the preset distance, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic structure (11) is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic structure (71).

8. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 2, wherein:

the radial outer peripheral wall of the second armature (62) is in clearance fit with the radial inner peripheral wall of the first armature (61), and the clearance is less than or equal to 0.1mm.

9. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 2, wherein:

the inside of stopper stator (1) is provided with first accommodation hole (12), first accommodation hole (12) follow the inside of stopper stator (1) extends to first axial terminal surface (13) of stopper stator (1), first axial terminal surface (13) with second armature (62) are relative, the internal diameter of second armature (62) is less than the aperture of first accommodation hole (12), the external diameter of second armature (62) is greater than the aperture of first accommodation hole (12), second elastic structure (72) set up in first accommodation hole (12), just one end of second elastic structure (72) with the tank bottom butt of first accommodation hole (12), the other end meets with second armature (62), so as to provide elastic thrust to second armature (62).

10. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 9, wherein:

the first accommodating hole (12) is a cylindrical hole, the central line of the first accommodating hole coincides with the central axis of the brake stator (1), the central line of the central hole of the second armature (62) coincides with the central axis, and the second elastic structure (72) is a spring.

11. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 9, wherein:

the inside of stopper stator (1) still is provided with second accommodation hole (14), second accommodation hole (14) follow the inside of stopper stator (1) extends to first axial terminal surface (13) of stopper stator (1), just second accommodation hole (14) with the entity part between radial inner periphery and the radial periphery of first armature (61) is relative, one end of first elastic structure (71) with the tank bottom butt of second accommodation hole (14), the other end with first armature (61) meet, in order to can provide elastic thrust to first armature (61).

12. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 11, wherein:

the first armature (61) is of a split structure and comprises a first armature (611) and a second armature (612), the first armature (611) and the second armature (612) are spliced, and the magnetic structure (11) is arranged between the first armature (611) and the second armature (612).

13. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 12, wherein:

the first armature (611) and the second armature (612) are connected and arranged along the axial direction of the first armature, a first groove is formed in the axial end face of the first armature (611) facing the second armature (612), a second groove is formed in the axial end face of the second armature (612) facing the first armature (611), the first groove and the second groove are oppositely connected to form a groove for accommodating the magnetic structure (11), part of the magnetic structure (11) is arranged in the first groove, and the other part of the magnetic structure is arranged in the second groove.

14. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 13, wherein:

the first groove and the second groove are of annular groove structures, and the magnetic structure (11) is also of annular structure; the magnetic structure (11) is a permanent magnet; the first elastic structure (71) is a spring.

15. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 12, wherein:

the first armature (611) is connected with the first armature (612) through a screw or a bolt, or the first armature (611) is connected with the first armature (612) through bonding, or the first armature (611), the magnetic structure (11) and the first armature (612) are integrally formed.

16. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 9, wherein:

the inside of stopper stator (1) has still seted up coil groove (15), coil groove (15) follow the inside of stopper stator (1) is along axial extension to first axial terminal surface (13) department, set up coil (2) in coil groove (15), coil (2) are still connected to through lead-out wire (9) the outside power of stopper stator (1).

17. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as defined in any one of claims 1-16 wherein:

the friction plate (3) is of an annular structure, the outer diameter of the friction plate (3) is larger than the inner diameter of the first armature (61) and smaller than the outer diameter of the first armature (61), and the inner diameter of the friction plate (3) is smaller than the outer diameter of the second armature (62) and larger than the inner diameter of the second armature (62); the friction plate (3) comprises a third axial end face and a fourth axial end face which are positioned at two axial ends of the friction plate; forming a primary braking of the friction plate (3) when only the second armature (62) is in contact with the third axial end surface of the friction plate (3); when the second armature (62) and the first armature (61) are both in contact with the third axial end surface of the friction plate (3), a secondary braking of the friction plate (3) is formed.

18. The dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake of claim 17, wherein:

still include baffle (4) and square wheel (5), baffle (4) set up in friction disc (3) fourth axial terminal surface department, square wheel (5) wear to locate the radial inner periphery of friction disc (3), just baffle (4) are annular structure too, square wheel (5) are located the radial inboard of baffle (4), the radial periphery wall of square wheel (5) with the radial inner peripheral wall of friction disc (3) meets, in order to pass through friction disc (3) right friction braking is carried out to square wheel (5), baffle (4) are right the axial motion of friction disc (3) is spacing.

19. An electrical machine apparatus, characterized in that: comprising a dual-stage brake electromagnetic brake as defined in any one of claims 1-18.