CN116162780A - A treatment process for steel rail strengthening layer - Google Patents
A treatment process for steel rail strengthening layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN116162780A CN116162780A CN202310142517.3A CN202310142517A CN116162780A CN 116162780 A CN116162780 A CN 116162780A CN 202310142517 A CN202310142517 A CN 202310142517A CN 116162780 A CN116162780 A CN 116162780A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/08—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by burnishing or the like
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于钢轨强化层表面处理技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺。The invention belongs to the technical field of surface treatment of rail reinforcement layers, and in particular relates to a treatment process of rail reinforcement layers.
背景技术Background technique
与传统的表面淬火技术相比，高能瞬时淬火技术(包括不限于激光、等离子、电子束)因其具有耗能低，不改变母材金相组织形态，变形小，强化区域可控等优势，成为了目前国内外最为先进的钢轨表面强化处理技术，具有显著的经济及社会效益。Compared with the traditional surface quenching technology, the high-energy instantaneous quenching technology (including but not limited to laser, plasma, and electron beam) has the advantages of low energy consumption, no change in the metallographic structure of the base metal, small deformation, and controllable strengthening area. It has become the most advanced rail surface strengthening treatment technology at home and abroad, and has significant economic and social benefits.
高能瞬时淬火技术，主要原理是利用高能密度热源例如等离子、激光、电子束等束对钢轨进行快速加热，使钢轨表层温度达到相变临界点以上、熔点以下，当等离子体束移开后，通过钢轨自身的急冷作用，加之钢轨金属材料良好的导热性，使加热表层区域形成超细、均匀的淬硬组织，且不用改变基体内部组织和性能，能够达到强化钢轨表层的目的。The main principle of high-energy instantaneous quenching technology is to use high-energy-density heat sources such as plasma, laser, electron beam and other beams to rapidly heat the rail, so that the surface temperature of the rail reaches above the phase transition critical point and below the melting point. The rapid cooling effect of the rail itself, coupled with the good thermal conductivity of the metal material of the rail, enables the formation of an ultra-fine and uniform hardened structure in the heated surface area, without changing the internal structure and properties of the matrix, and can achieve the purpose of strengthening the surface of the rail.
高能瞬时淬火技术在各行业实际使用中取得了较好的效果，但由于此技术为最新的钢轨表面处理技术，在使用过程中还存在诸多的实际问题，最为紧要的问题是：由于高能密度瞬时照射会造成钢轨金属表面局部范围发生金属相变，并且相变组织为微晶状马氏体形态，强化层组织与原基材组织界面过度范围狭窄，会导致强化层应力表征为很大拉应力0-800Mpa，并且强化层表面组织形态有微量的大晶粒板条状马氏体组织形态存在，会导致强化层表面硬而脆，叠合巨大的表面拉应力，钢轨表面如果不经过后续处理进入实际工况使用，在外部应力的循环作用下，会在较短的时间内在强化层内部产生细小裂纹源，裂纹源会在恶劣的油性环境与循环往复的疲劳应力相互作用下很快发展成贯通整个强化层的贯穿裂纹，贯穿裂纹延着强化层与基材底部界面发展，并最终贯通整个强化层，导致强化层震动脱落，强化层防磨性能失效，极大影响强化钢轨的延寿效果，并导致新的安全隐患。The high-energy instantaneous quenching technology has achieved good results in practical use in various industries, but because this technology is the latest rail surface treatment technology, there are still many practical problems in the process of use, the most important problem is: due to the high-energy density instantaneous Irradiation will cause metal phase transformation in the local area of the metal surface of the rail, and the phase transformation structure is in the form of microcrystalline martensite. The interface between the strengthening layer structure and the original substrate structure is narrow, which will cause the stress of the strengthening layer to be characterized as a large tensile stress. 0-800Mpa, and the surface structure of the reinforced layer has a small amount of large-grain lath martensite structure, which will cause the surface of the reinforced layer to be hard and brittle, superimposed with huge surface tensile stress, if the surface of the rail is not processed When used in actual working conditions, under the cyclic action of external stress, small crack sources will be generated inside the strengthening layer in a short period of time, and the crack source will quickly develop into cracks under the interaction of harsh oily environment and cyclic fatigue stress. The penetrating cracks that run through the entire reinforcement layer develop along the interface between the reinforcement layer and the bottom of the base material, and finally penetrate the entire reinforcement layer, causing the reinforcement layer to vibrate and fall off, and the wear resistance of the reinforcement layer becomes invalid, which greatly affects the life extension effect of the reinforced rail, and lead to new security risks.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中上述的不足，本发明的目的在于提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，运用此工艺，可降低钢轨强化层因相变应力、热应力表征的拉应力或者转变拉应力为压应力状态，细化强化层金相微晶状马氏体的金相组织结构，提升强化层组织韧性与抗疲劳性能，继而防止强化层在外部压应力循环作用过程中出现内部裂纹而导致的硬化层剥离脱落，可极大延长高能瞬时处理钢轨的使用寿命。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail. Using this process, the tensile stress or the transformed tensile stress of the reinforced layer of the rail due to phase transition stress and thermal stress can be reduced to Compressive stress state, refining the metallographic structure of the metallographic microcrystalline martensite in the strengthening layer, improving the toughness and fatigue resistance of the strengthening layer, and then preventing the hardening layer caused by internal cracks in the strengthening layer during the external compressive stress cycle The peeling off can greatly prolong the service life of the high-energy instantaneous treatment rail.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的解决方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括：钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨和打磨工艺；打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态。A treatment process for a reinforced layer of a steel rail, comprising: sequentially inspecting the steel rail and grinding the steel rail after the high-energy instantaneous quenching technology; the grinding process includes: sequentially grinding the reinforced layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the strengthened surface, and grinding with a soft grinding wheel Strengthening layers and checking the stress state of the hardened surface.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为600-2000转/min，砂轮为60-320目。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the rotation speed of the grinding wheel is 600-2000 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 60-320 mesh.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为400-1800转/min，砂轮为60-320目。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the rotation speed of the grinding wheel is 400-1800 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 60-320 mesh.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，检查钢轨后还包括喷丸喷砂工艺；喷丸喷砂工艺包括：依次进行的喷丸处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、喷砂处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the rail is inspected, a shot peening and sand blasting process is also included; the shot peening and sand blasting process includes: sequentially performing shot peening treatment strengthening layer, checking the strengthening surface stress state, sand blasting treatment strengthening layer, check the stress state of the strengthened surface.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，喷丸处理强化层的条件包括：丸粒粒径为0.2-3.0mm，喷丸压力为0.3-2.0Mpa，喷口直径为10-50mm。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conditions for shot-peening the strengthening layer include: the particle size of the shot is 0.2-3.0mm, the shot-peening pressure is 0.3-2.0Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 10-50mm.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，喷砂处理强化层的条件包括：砂粒粒径为0.05-1.0mm，喷砂压力为0.3-2.0Mpa，喷口直径为10-50mm。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conditions for sandblasting the strengthening layer include: the sand particle size is 0.05-1.0mm, the sandblasting pressure is 0.3-2.0Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 10-50mm.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，喷丸处理强化层的条件包括：丸粒粒径为0.5mm，喷丸压力为0.5Mpa，喷口直径为25mm；：喷砂处理强化层的条件包括：砂粒粒径为0.1mm，喷砂压力为0.5Mpa，喷口直径为20mm。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conditions of the shot peening treatment strengthening layer include: the shot particle size is 0.5mm, the shot peening pressure is 0.5Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 25mm;: the conditions of the sandblasting treatment strengthening layer Including: the sand particle size is 0.1mm, the blasting pressure is 0.5Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 20mm.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，检查钢轨后还包括加热保温工艺；加热保温工艺包括：依次进行的加热、保温、降温和检测。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the rail is inspected, a heating and heat preservation process is also included; the heating and heat preservation process includes: heating, heat preservation, cooling and detection performed in sequence.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，检查钢轨后还包括加热保温工艺；加热保温工艺包括：依次进行的加热、保温、降温和检测。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the rail is inspected, a heating and heat preservation process is also included; the heating and heat preservation process includes: heating, heat preservation, cooling and detection performed in sequence.
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，检查钢轨后，依次进行加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the rail is inspected, the heating and heat preservation process, the grinding process and the shot blasting process are sequentially performed.
本发明提供的一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺的有益效果是：The beneficial effect of the treatment process of a kind of steel rail reinforcing layer provided by the invention is:
(1)在打磨工艺中，依次采用硬质砂轮与软性纱轮对钢轨强化层进行表面打磨处理，从而能够消除或者减小强化层表面残余拉应力。采用此工艺后，强化层表面拉应力状态可降低或者转变成压应力状态。在本工艺中，硬质砂轮打磨主要作用是消除表面粗晶组织，改变强化层表面应力状态，接着进行软质砂轮打磨，用于改变强化层表面应力状态，修正表面形态砂轮参数。(1) In the grinding process, the hard grinding wheel and the soft yarn wheel are used in sequence to grind the surface of the rail reinforcement layer, so that the residual tensile stress on the surface of the reinforcement layer can be eliminated or reduced. After adopting this process, the tensile stress state on the surface of the strengthening layer can be reduced or transformed into a compressive stress state. In this process, the main function of hard grinding wheel grinding is to eliminate the surface coarse grain structure and change the surface stress state of the strengthening layer, followed by soft grinding wheel grinding to change the surface stress state of the strengthening layer and modify the parameters of the surface shape grinding wheel.
(2)打磨工艺配合喷丸喷砂工艺的使用，可进一步消除表面拉应力或者转变拉应力为压应力状态。在喷丸喷砂工艺中，依次采用喷丸处理和喷砂处理，其中，喷丸处理可消除或者转变强化层表面拉应力状态，喷砂处理可消除表面应力状态，并清理表面锈迹。(2) The use of the grinding process combined with the shot peening and sandblasting process can further eliminate the surface tensile stress or change the tensile stress into a compressive stress state. In the shot peening and sand blasting process, shot peening and sand blasting are used in sequence, wherein shot peening can eliminate or change the tensile stress state on the surface of the reinforcement layer, and sand blasting can eliminate the surface stress state and clean the surface rust.
(3)打磨工艺配合加热保温工艺的使用，可进一步达到消除或降低表面拉应力并细化强化层表面粗晶粒组织。(3) The use of the grinding process combined with the heating and heat preservation process can further eliminate or reduce the surface tensile stress and refine the coarse grain structure on the surface of the strengthening layer.
(4)在本申请中，采用加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺多种组合工艺处理，尤其是依次进行的加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺，可以取得更好的改变强化层表面应力状态，形成回火组织，降低强化层硬度，提高强化层韧性，防止强化层在后期实际工况使用中在外部应力循环作用下产生裂纹并形成剥离现象。(4) In the present application, adopt heating and heat preservation process, grinding process and shot peening and sandblasting process multiple combined processes, especially the heating and heat preservation process, grinding process and shot blasting and sandblasting process that are carried out successively, can obtain better Change the surface stress state of the reinforced layer, form tempered structure, reduce the hardness of the reinforced layer, improve the toughness of the reinforced layer, and prevent the crack and peeling phenomenon of the reinforced layer under the action of external stress cycle in the later actual working conditions.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Those who do not indicate the specific conditions in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used were not indicated by the manufacturer, and they were all conventional products that could be purchased from the market.
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。The characteristics and performance of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the examples.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨和打磨工艺；打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为2000转/min，砂轮为60目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为1800转/min，砂轮为60目。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail and the grinding process after the rail is subjected to high-energy instantaneous quenching technology; the grinding process includes: sequentially grinding the reinforced layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the reinforced surface, Grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 2000 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 60 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the rotational speed of the grinding wheel is 1800 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 60 mesh.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨和打磨工艺；打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为600转/min，砂轮为320目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为400转/min，砂轮为320目。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail and the grinding process after the rail is subjected to high-energy instantaneous quenching technology; the grinding process includes: sequentially grinding the reinforced layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the reinforced surface, Grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 600 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 320 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 400 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 320 mesh.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨和打磨工艺；打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为1000转/min，砂轮为200目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为800转/min，砂轮为160目。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail and the grinding process after the rail is subjected to high-energy instantaneous quenching technology; the grinding process includes: sequentially grinding the reinforced layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the reinforced surface, Grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 1000 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 200 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is 800 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 160 mesh.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨、加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail after the high-energy instantaneous quenching technology, the heating and heat preservation process, the grinding process and the shot blasting process.
加热保温工艺包括：依次进行的于50℃采用封闭式炉体进行电阻丝加热60min，于50℃采用封闭式保温180min，采用风冷降温10min至室温，以及检测。The heating and heat preservation process includes: conducting resistance wire heating at 50°C for 60 minutes in a closed furnace body, heat preservation at 50°C for 180 minutes, air cooling for 10 minutes to room temperature, and testing.
打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为600转/min，砂轮为320目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为400转/min，砂轮为320目。The grinding process includes: grinding the strengthening layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the strengthening surface, grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel, and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; wherein, the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 600 rpm , The grinding wheel is 320 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 400 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 320 mesh.
喷丸喷砂工艺包括：依次进行的喷丸处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、喷砂处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态。喷丸处理强化层的条件包括：丸粒粒径为0.2mm，喷丸压力为2.0Mpa，喷口直径为10mm。喷砂处理强化层的条件包括：砂粒粒径为0.05mm，喷砂压力为2.0Mpa，喷口直径为10mm。The shot-peening and sand-blasting process includes: sequentially shot-peening the strengthened layer, checking the stress state of the strengthened surface, sandblasting the strengthened layer, and checking the stress state of the strengthened surface. The conditions for the shot peening treatment strengthening layer include: the shot particle size is 0.2mm, the shot peening pressure is 2.0Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 10mm. The conditions for sandblasting the strengthening layer include: the particle size of sand particles is 0.05mm, the sandblasting pressure is 2.0Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 10mm.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨、加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail after the high-energy instantaneous quenching technology, the heating and heat preservation process, the grinding process and the shot blasting process.
加热保温工艺包括：依次进行的于500℃采用封闭式炉体进行电阻丝加热5min，于500℃采用封闭式保温10min，采用风冷降温10min至室温，以及检测。The heating and heat preservation process includes: heating with resistance wire at 500°C for 5 minutes in a closed furnace body, heat preservation at 500°C for 10 minutes, cooling with air for 10 minutes to room temperature, and testing.
打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为2000转/min，砂轮为60目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为1800转/min，砂轮为60目。The grinding process includes: grinding the strengthening layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the strengthening surface, grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel, and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; wherein, the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 2000 rpm , The grinding wheel is 60 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the rotational speed of the grinding wheel is 1800 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 60 mesh.
喷丸喷砂工艺包括：依次进行的喷丸处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、喷砂处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态。喷丸处理强化层的条件包括：丸粒粒径为3.0mm，喷丸压力为0.3Mpa，喷口直径为50mm。喷砂处理强化层的条件包括：砂粒粒径为1.0mm，喷砂压力为0.3Mpa，喷口直径为50mm。The shot-peening and sand-blasting process includes: sequentially shot-peening the strengthened layer, checking the stress state of the strengthened surface, sandblasting the strengthened layer, and checking the stress state of the strengthened surface. The conditions for the shot peening treatment strengthening layer include: the shot particle size is 3.0mm, the shot peening pressure is 0.3Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 50mm. The conditions for sandblasting the strengthening layer include: the sand particle size is 1.0mm, the sandblasting pressure is 0.3Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 50mm.
实施例6Example 6
本实施例提供了一种钢轨强化层的处理工艺，包括钢轨经高能瞬时淬火技术后依次进行检查钢轨、加热保温工艺、打磨工艺和喷丸喷砂工艺。This embodiment provides a treatment process for the reinforced layer of the rail, which includes the inspection of the rail after the high-energy instantaneous quenching technology, the heating and heat preservation process, the grinding process and the shot blasting process.
加热保温工艺包括：依次进行的于400℃采用封闭式炉体进行电阻丝加热15min，于400℃采用封闭式保温30min，采用风冷降温15min至室温，以及检测。The heating and heat preservation process includes: conducting resistance wire heating at 400°C for 15 minutes in a closed furnace body, heat preservation at 400°C for 30 minutes, air cooling for 15 minutes to room temperature, and testing.
打磨工艺包括：依次进行的硬质砂轮打磨强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、软质砂轮打磨强化层和检查强化表面应力状态；其中，硬质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为1000转/min，砂轮为200目。软质砂轮打磨的条件包括：砂轮转速为800转/min，砂轮为160目。The grinding process includes: grinding the strengthening layer with a hard grinding wheel, checking the stress state of the strengthening surface, grinding the strengthening layer with a soft grinding wheel, and checking the stress state of the strengthening surface; wherein, the grinding conditions of the hard grinding wheel include: the speed of the grinding wheel is 1000 rpm , The grinding wheel is 200 mesh. The grinding conditions of the soft grinding wheel include: the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is 800 rpm, and the grinding wheel is 160 mesh.
喷丸喷砂工艺包括：依次进行的喷丸处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态、喷砂处理强化层、检查强化表面应力状态。喷丸处理强化层的条件包括：丸粒粒径为0.5mm，喷丸压力为0.5Mpa，喷口直径为25mm。喷砂处理强化层的条件包括：砂粒粒径为0.1mm，喷砂压力为0.5Mpa，喷口直径为20mm。The shot-peening and sand-blasting process includes: sequentially shot-peening the strengthened layer, checking the stress state of the strengthened surface, sandblasting the strengthened layer, and checking the stress state of the strengthened surface. The conditions of the shot peening treatment strengthening layer include: the shot particle size is 0.5mm, the shot peening pressure is 0.5Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 25mm. The conditions for sandblasting the strengthening layer include: the sand particle size is 0.1mm, the sandblasting pressure is 0.5Mpa, and the nozzle diameter is 20mm.
综上所述，采用本发明提供的钢轨强化层的处理工艺，运用此工艺，可降低钢轨强化层因相变应力、热应力表征的拉应力或者转变拉应力为压应力状态，细化强化层金相微晶状马氏体的金相组织结构，提升强化层组织韧性与抗疲劳性能，继而防止强化层在外部压应力循环作用过程中出现内部裂纹而导致的硬化层剥离脱落，可极大延长高能瞬时处理钢轨的使用寿命。In summary, using the treatment process of the rail strengthening layer provided by the present invention, using this process, the tensile stress of the rail strengthening layer due to phase transition stress and thermal stress can be reduced or the tensile stress can be transformed into a compressive stress state, and the strengthening layer can be refined. The metallographic microstructure of the microcrystalline martensite improves the toughness and fatigue resistance of the strengthening layer, and then prevents the hardening layer from peeling off due to internal cracks in the strengthening layer during the external compressive stress cycle, which can greatly prolong the high-energy Instantly handles rail life.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN103255267A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-08-21 | 汕头大学 | Method and equipment for laser quenching |
| CN105437091A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Large-pore resin binder superhard material grinding wheel for stainless steel end face grinding and manufacturing method thereof |
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