CN116162240A - Light conversion agent, light conversion plastic film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light conversion agent, light conversion plastic film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116162240A
CN116162240A CN202310115873.6A CN202310115873A CN116162240A CN 116162240 A CN116162240 A CN 116162240A CN 202310115873 A CN202310115873 A CN 202310115873A CN 116162240 A CN116162240 A CN 116162240A
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light
light conversion
agent
nitrogen
carbon
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鞠海东
邬磊
何佳芹
李懿舟
翁哲慧
王宝玲
刘空
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Kunming University
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    • C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G73/0622—Polycondensates containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C08G73/0638—Polycondensates containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with at least three nitrogen atoms in the ring
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    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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Abstract

The invention provides a light conversion agent, a light conversion plastic film and a preparation method thereof. The chemical structural general formula of the light conversion agent is C 9 N x H y Wherein: 4<x<5，7<y<9, the polymer monomer is benzomelamine, and the monomers are connected by nitrogen-carbon sigma bonds. The nitrogen-carbon-based polymer provided by the invention does not contain metal ions, and has simple production costSingle, the cost is low; the nitrogen-carbon based polymer light transfer agent belongs to polymers, and has good compatibility with matrix thermoplastic resin materials; has good thermal stability and light stability.

Description

Light conversion agent, light conversion plastic film and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light conversion materials, in particular to a light conversion agent, a light conversion plastic film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, research on light conversion films has been increasing, and plants selectively absorb sunlight to perform photosynthesis. The ultraviolet energy in the sunlight is high, the plants are easy to burn, and the green light is often reflected by the plants, so that the plants are green. The light conversion agent contained in the light conversion film can absorb and convert purple light or green light into blue light and red light beneficial to plant growth, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of sunlight is improved. The result shows that the light conversion film is used as a greenhouse for farm work, so that crops can be rapidly grown, and the light conversion film has the advantages of good result, high tolerance, shortened production period, high yield and good quality.
From the current development and application status of light conversion films, the variety of light conversion agents used on agricultural films is increasing, and the light conversion agents can be divided into three main categories according to the characteristics of the materials: organic dye light conversion agent, inorganic salt light conversion agent and complex light conversion agent.
The organic light conversion agent mainly comprises vat red, fluorescent whitening agent, anthrone and rhodamine, and the common characteristics of the vat red, fluorescent whitening agent, anthrone and rhodamine are as follows: the multi-benzene ring, condensed ring and the like have larger conjugate bonds and rigid structures on the plane. The method has the advantages of concentration control, wide dispersion, easy treatment and the like, is easy to disperse in various solvents and organic matters, does not influence the strength and other physical properties of the film in the film coating process, and is widely applied. The biggest disadvantage of organic light transfer agents is that organic dyes are easily oxidized and degraded under long-term illumination conditions, and the service life is very short. In addition, the use of such light converting agents is restricted due to the disadvantages of low light conversion intensity, high cost, single color per se and the like. In addition to the above chemical factors, most fluorescent dyes contain benzene rings or condensed rings, which create potential hazards to biodegradation after use, so that in practical applications, light conversion films using only organic dyes are generally used together with other types of light conversion agents, and the production and the use amount of the light conversion films are reduced.
Compared with organic compound, the inorganic salt light converting agent has the advantages of low cost, easy preparation, storage and high temperature resistance, so that the use is wide. The inorganic light converting agent is generally alkali aluminate, oxide, sulfide, tungstate, silicate, etc. In such crystals, the inorganic salts constitute a regular lattice, and rare earth and heavy metal ions are incorporated into the lattice as an excitant. These metal dots are caused to emit light by interaction with the crystal lattice. The crystallinity of the inorganic compound is high, the compatibility with the film resin is poor, and the dispersion is difficult, so that the uniformity and the light transmittance of the film are reduced, and the processing effect is affected. In order to solve the above problems, inorganic salts are rarely used as light converting agents in industry at present, and modification is mostly used to improve the compatibility with films, but the cost of the light converting agents is increased.
The rare earth organic luminescent material is an organic compound composed of rare earth, has a luminescent form similar to that of rare earth inorganic salt, is rare earth elements, has higher luminescent intensity, better photochromic property and better photo-thermal stability, is ageing-resistant, and can be dissolved in various solvents and organic matters. By analyzing the fluorescence spectrum of the film, the excitation wavelengths of the film and the corresponding complex have larger change, which shows that the emitted light wavelengths are larger than the absorbed light and can meet the absorption of plants. When the method is used for preparing the rare earth complex luminescent material, the concentration quenching phenomenon does not exist, and if the secondary ligand is matched with the minimum excitation state energy level, the ideal luminescent effect can be obtained. The disadvantages are that the probability of the reaction between the high molecular ligand and the rare earth ion is smaller than that of the small molecular ligand, and the cost is high.
In conclusion, the existing optical transfer agent has the defects of instability, poor compatibility with film matrix resin materials and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a light conversion agent, a light conversion plastic film and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of unstable light conversion agent and poor compatibility with film matrix resin materials at present.
A light conversion agent has a chemical structural formula of C 9 N x H y Wherein: 4<x<5，7<y<9, the polymer monomer is benzomelamine, and the monomers are connected by nitrogen-carbon sigma bonds.
The preparation method of the light conversion agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Using benzoguanamine as a raw material, and uniformly mixing the raw material and a reaction auxiliary agent;
(2) Placing the mixed materials into a corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a high-temperature resistance furnace, roasting in air or nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 260-350 ℃ by a program, roasting at the temperature for 0.5-10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(3) Grinding, washing and drying the cooled powder to obtain the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion agent.
According to the preparation method, the reaction auxiliary agent is one or two of organic matters such as urea, dicyandiamide and the like.
The use of the light converting agent as described above in the preparation of light converting plastic films.
A light conversion plastic film comprises the following raw materials: nitrogen carbon based polymer light transfer agents, adjuvants and thermoplastic resins.
The light conversion plastic film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
0.001 to 2 percent of nitrogen-carbon based polymer light transfer agent;
0-10% of auxiliary agent;
88 to 99.999 percent of thermoplastic resin.
The auxiliary agent is one or more of white oil, paraffin and polyethylene glycol.
The light conversion plastic film is characterized in that the thermoplastic resin is one or more of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and polystyrene.
The preparation method of the light conversion plastic film comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion agent and the auxiliary agent at 60-70 ℃ until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then cooling to room temperature;
(2) Mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a thermoplastic resin raw material, putting the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and extruding a light conversion agent master batch at 125-190 ℃;
(3) Mixing the light conversion agent master batch with the thermoplastic resin raw material, and blowing to form a film by a single-screw blowing machine; wherein the melting temperature of the blow molding machine is 165-185 ℃ and the die temperature is 185-195 ℃.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light transfer agent, which is a polymer different from common organic dye, inorganic salt and complex light transfer agents, belongs to the field of polymers, and is a novel light transfer agent mainly containing nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen elements. The light transfer agent has three distinct advantages: firstly, no metal ion exists, the production cost is simple, and the cost is low; secondly, the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light transfer agent belongs to a polymer, and can have good compatibility with master batch polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; thirdly, the glass has good thermal stability and light stability.
The light conversion plastic film provided by the invention comprises a thermoplastic matrix material, an auxiliary agent and a nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion agent, wherein the light conversion agent belongs to a key material.
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion master batch from a nitrogen-carbon-based polymer, an auxiliary agent and a matrix material through a double-screw extruder, mixing the light conversion master batch with a thermoplastic matrix, and performing blow molding to form a film. The light conversion plastic film prepared by the method has the advantages of simple preparation process, uniform component mixing and the like.
The plastic film has good absorption to high-energy ultraviolet light of 250-350 nm, so that the service life of the plastic film can be prolonged, and the damage of the ultraviolet light to crops can be reduced. And can convert ultraviolet rays into blue light favorable for photosynthesis, increase photosynthesis of plants, improve the temperature of a greenhouse, shorten the growth period of crops and improve the yield of crops.
In a word, the light conversion agent and the light conversion plastic film thereof have the advantages of cheap preparation raw materials and simple preparation process, and are suitable for large-scale industrial production. The high-efficiency absorption of ultraviolet rays and blue light output make it particularly suitable for plateau greenhouse films.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD spectrum at 300-350℃for the carbon-nitrogen based polymer material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of the nitrogen-carbon based polymer material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an emission spectrum of the nitrogen-carbon based polymer material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is the luminescence color of the N-C based polymer material prepared in example 1 under an ultraviolet lamp;
FIG. 5 is an emission spectrum of the light-converting film prepared in example 5;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the light conversion film prepared in example 5 under an ultraviolet lamp;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a sample film of 2% light converting agent+adjuvant under natural light.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
C 3 N 4 The material has excellent chemical stability, optical property, mechanical property and thermal conductivity. In particular optically, g-C 3 N 4 Has wider optical band gap (bandwidth is about 2.7 eV) and higher recombination efficiency of photo-generated carriers. Thus g-C 3 N 4 The invention applies carbon nitride to light conversion plastic film, and develops a nitrogen-carbon based polymer material by referring to the excellent optical property of carbon nitride, which belongs to the high molecular field, has excellent light conversion property, can be used in the light conversion field, has good compatibility with master batch such as polyethylene, and is especially suitable for light conversion plastic film.
Example 1
5.00 g of benzomelamine are weighed and placed in a crucible, the crucible is wrapped by aluminum foil paper (without gaps), the crucible is placed in a high-temperature tube furnace, and then the crucible is subjected to temperature control program setting and calcination according to an operation program to enable the crucible to undergo solid-phase reaction. Under the air atmosphere, the heating rate of the tube furnace is set to be 5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 300-350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1 hour, and then the tube furnace is cooled to the room temperature. Grinding the sintered sample into powder, respectively cleaning with deionized water and ethanol for three times, removing residual impurities, and oven drying at 120deg.C for 10 hr to obtain C 9 N 4.40 H 7.80 ～C 9 N 4.95 H 8.90 Is a powder light conversion agent.
Structural and property tests were performed on the prepared nitrogen-carbon based polymer. The powder diffraction pattern was tested using bruker d2 as shown in figure 1. The composition of the sample was measured using an elemental analyzer. The absorption spectrum was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. As shown in figure 1, the product is characterized by four characteristic peaks, namely 15.042 degrees, 17.923 degrees, 20.723 degrees and 25.283 degrees, wherein the maximum diffraction peak is 15.042 degrees, the raw material of the benzoguanamine generates ammonia gas during heating polymerization, almost no obvious impurity peak is generated when the raw material is compared with the raw material at 300 ℃ and 310 ℃, the purity of the sample is better as the polymerization temperature increases, the characteristic peak at 17.923 degrees gradually increases, the characteristic peak at 20.723 degrees gradually decreases, a wider peak is formed after 320 degrees, and the benzoguanamine forms a high polymer material after the polymerization at 320 degrees as shown in figure 1.
Infrared spectra were measured using a fourier transform infrared spectrometer model 640-IR, as shown in fig. 2. From the obtained infrared spectrogram, it can be seen that: benzene threeThe material structure formed by the polymerization and heating of the dicyandiamide at different temperatures contains-NH 2 Functional groups and C-H bonds at 3378.77cm at six different temperatures -1 The left and right parts are provided with-NH 2 The absorption peak of the characteristic functional group, at the dense region of the absorption peak (i.e. fingerprint region), the C-H bond is 1512.10cm -1 The polymer has obvious benzene ring structure, and several characteristic peaks gradually weaken with the increase of polymerization temperature. The sample is subjected to spectral characteristic detection by using a fluorescence spectrometer of Agilent company, as shown in figure 3, the luminescent color of the sample is detected by using an ultraviolet lamp, and as can be seen from figure 3, the plastic film prepared by the method has good absorption to high-energy ultraviolet light of 250-350 nm, so that the service life of the plastic film can be prolonged, and the damage of ultraviolet light to crops is reduced. As shown in fig. 4, the sample was found to emit strong blue light at 430-500nm under uv irradiation. As can be seen from figures 1-4, the light conversion agent of the benzomelamine polymer prepared by the method can effectively absorb ultraviolet light and convert the ultraviolet light into blue light, can effectively reduce the influence of the ultraviolet light on the chemical bond of the master batch, and emits strong blue light which can be used for photosynthesis of plants.
Example 2
Weighing 5.00 g of benzomelamine and 1 g of urea, uniformly mixing the benzomelamine and the urea, putting the mixture into a crucible, wrapping the crucible (without gaps) by aluminum foil paper, putting the crucible into a high-temperature tube furnace, and then performing temperature control program setting according to an operation program, calcining to enable the crucible to perform solid-phase reaction. Under the air atmosphere, the heating rate of the tube furnace is set to be 5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5 hour, and then the tube furnace is cooled to room temperature. Grinding the sintered sample into powder, respectively cleaning with deionized water and ethanol for three times, removing residual impurities, and oven drying at 120deg.C for 10 hr to obtain C 9 N 4.99 H 8.98 Is a powder light conversion agent.
Example 3
Weighing 5.00 g of benzomelamine and 0.5 g of dicyandiamide, uniformly mixing the benzomelamine and the dicyandiamide, putting the two into a crucible, wrapping the crucible (without gaps) by aluminum foil paper, and putting the crucible at high temperatureAnd (3) in the tube furnace, setting a temperature control program according to an operation program, calcining, and allowing the solid phase reaction to occur. Under the air atmosphere, the heating rate of the tube furnace is set to be 2 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10 hours, and then the tube furnace is cooled to room temperature. Grinding the sintered sample into powder, respectively cleaning with deionized water and ethanol for three times, removing residual impurities, and oven drying at 120deg.C for 10 hr to obtain C 9 N 4.51 H 8.02 Is a powder light conversion agent.
Example 4
Weighing 10.00 g of benzomelamine, 0.5 g of urea and 0.5 g of dicyandiamide, uniformly mixing the benzomelamine and the urea, putting the mixture into a crucible, wrapping the crucible (without gaps) by aluminum foil paper, putting the crucible into a high-temperature tube furnace, setting a temperature control program according to an operation program, and calcining to enable the crucible to perform solid-phase reaction. Under the air atmosphere, the heating rate of the tube furnace is set to be 10 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10 hours, and then the tube furnace is cooled to room temperature. Grinding the sintered sample into powder, respectively cleaning with deionized water and ethanol for three times, removing residual impurities, and oven drying at 120deg.C for 10 hr to obtain C 9 N 4.01 H 7.02 Is a powder light conversion agent.
Example 5
4 g of the nitrogen-carbon based polymer light converting agent prepared in example 1 and 45 g of paraffin wax were stirred uniformly at 70℃and then cooled to room temperature. The cooled material was mixed with 450 g of low density polyethylene in a mixer for about 1 hour. And (3) putting the mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating at 165 ℃ to obtain the light conversion master batch uniformly mixed with the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer. Mixing the 100 g of the light conversion master batch of the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer with 1000 g of the polyethylene master batch through a mixer, putting the mixed materials into a container, and blow molding the materials into a film through a single-screw blow molding machine under the conditions that the melting temperature is 170 ℃ and the die temperature is 180 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion plastic film.
Property tests were performed on the nitrogen-carbon based polymer light conversion plastic film. Fig. 5 is an emission spectrum of the light conversion plastic film, as shown in fig. 5, and a fluorescence emission graph of the light conversion agent of benzomelamine added into the polyethylene master batch in different proportions, as measured under the conditions that the width of the light emission slit is 10nm, the medium voltage is low speed, is shown in fig. 5. And mixing the benzomelamine and the linear low-density polyethylene in different proportions into particles by adopting a homodromous connection double-screw extruder, blow molding the particles on a single-screw extrusion platform at 120-190 ℃, obtaining a sample light conversion film required by an experiment, and cooling to room temperature. The prepared light conversion film has the best luminous intensity at the peak position of 440nm of the emission spectrum obtained when the excitation wavelength is 355nm, and the fluorescence intensity of the sample film gradually becomes stronger along with the increase of the proportion of the content of the light conversion agent. From the graph, the film blown by benzomelamine with the paraffin oil additive proportion of 2% has the strongest luminous intensity. Therefore, the plastic film prepared by the method can convert ultraviolet rays into blue light favorable for photosynthesis, increase photosynthesis of plants, improve the temperature of a greenhouse, shorten the growth period of crops and improve the yield of crops.
Fig. 6 is a luminescent color of the nitrogen-containing carbon-based polymer light conversion plastic film and the non-nitrogen-containing carbon-based polymer non-light conversion plastic film in ultraviolet rays. The left side is the luminescent color of the non-light conversion plastic film without the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer in ultraviolet rays, the right side is the light conversion plastic film with the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer, and the blank film does not emit light, the light conversion film emits light blue light, and the light emission intensity of the light conversion film is relatively strong.
Fig. 7 is a graph of a film sample of 2% light conversion agent + auxiliary agent under natural light, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the light conversion agent prepared by the method of the present invention has good thermal stability and light stability.
Example 6
10 g of the nitrogen-carbon based polymer light converting agent prepared in example 3, 10 g of paraffin wax and 30 g of polyethylene glycol were stirred uniformly at 70℃and then cooled to room temperature. The cooled material was mixed with 450 g of low density polyethylene in a mixer for about 1 hour. And (3) putting the mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating at 165 ℃ to obtain the light conversion master batch uniformly mixed with the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer. Mixing the 100 g of the light conversion master batch of the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer with 1000 g of polyvinyl chloride master batch through a mixer, putting the mixed materials into a container, and blow molding the materials into a film through a single-screw blow molding machine under the conditions that the melting temperature is 180 ℃ and the die temperature is 190 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion plastic film.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A light conversion agent is characterized in that the chemical structural general formula of the light conversion agent is C 9 N x H y Wherein: 4<x<5，7<y<9, the polymer monomer is benzomelamine, and the monomers are connected by nitrogen-carbon sigma bonds.
2. A method of preparing the light converting agent according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Using benzoguanamine as a raw material, and uniformly mixing the raw material and a reaction auxiliary agent;
(2) Placing the mixed materials into a corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a high-temperature resistance furnace, roasting in air or nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 260-350 ℃ by a program, roasting at the temperature for 0.5-10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
(3) Grinding, washing and drying the cooled powder to obtain the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion agent.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the reaction auxiliary agent is one or two of urea and dicyandiamide.
4. Use of the light converting agent according to claim 1 for the preparation of light converting plastic films.
5. The light conversion plastic film is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: nitrogen carbon based polymer light transfer agents, adjuvants and thermoplastic resins.
6. The light-converting plastic film according to claim 5, wherein the raw materials thereof comprise, by mass:
0.001 to 2 percent of nitrogen-carbon based polymer light transfer agent;
0-10% of auxiliary agent;
88 to 99.999 percent of thermoplastic resin.
7. The light-converting plastic film according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more of white oil, paraffin wax, and polyethylene glycol.
8. The light-converting plastic film according to claim 6, wherein the thermoplastic resin is one or more of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and polystyrene.
9. A method for producing the light-converting plastic film according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Stirring the nitrogen-carbon-based polymer light conversion agent and the auxiliary agent at 60-70 ℃ until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then cooling to room temperature;
(2) Mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a thermoplastic resin raw material, putting the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and extruding a light conversion agent master batch at 125-190 ℃;
(3) Mixing the light conversion agent master batch with the thermoplastic resin raw material, and blowing to form a film by a single-screw blowing machine; wherein the melting temperature of the blow molding machine is 165-185 ℃ and the die temperature is 185-195 ℃.
CN202310115873.6A 2023-02-15 2023-02-15 Light conversion agent, light conversion plastic film and preparation method thereof Pending CN116162240A (en)

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